CN104833819A - Wind speed on-line measurement system and test method - Google Patents
Wind speed on-line measurement system and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104833819A CN104833819A CN201510282471.0A CN201510282471A CN104833819A CN 104833819 A CN104833819 A CN 104833819A CN 201510282471 A CN201510282471 A CN 201510282471A CN 104833819 A CN104833819 A CN 104833819A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind speed on-line measurement system and a test method. The measurement system includes a test pipeline, a monitoring board, a differential pressure detection circuit, a voltage signal acquisition and conversion circuit, a single-chip microcomputer, a communication module and a receiving terminal. The test method is as follows: 1) a measurement system is placed in a wind field; 2) wind speed measurement is performed through a detection plate, and wind speed signals are converted to voltage signals; 3) then voltage signal acquisition is performed through the differential pressure detection circuit, and voltage signals are transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer after passing through the voltage signal acquisition and conversion circuit; 4) the received voltage signals are reverted to wind speed after being processed through the single-chip microcomputer; and 5) the single-chip microcomputer sends wind speed signals to a receiving terminal through the communication module. The wind speed on-line measurement system provided is simple in structure, the test method is convenient to test, and low wind speed can be accurately measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air monitoring technical field, particularly relate to wind speed on-line measurement system and the method for testing of the low wind speed of a kind of energy Measurement accuracy.
Background technology
At present mechanical type, pressure type, thermal type, acoustic method etc. are mainly contained to wind speed on-line monitoring technique measuring method.Corresponding mechanical type rotating formula anemometer, pressure type anemoscope, thermal type anemometer, acoustics wind speed, eddy currents anemoscope etc. are defined on the market according to these method of testings.But all there is a common defect point in existing different wind speed method of testing: the measurement for the low wind speed of <7m/s is inaccurate, and the ultralow wind speed for <0.3m/s just cannot carry out effective measurement.And the exclusive gas blanket properties of flow to have due to low wind speed, pressure type and thermal type all cannot detect data or detect inaccurate, and mechanical anemometer has the loss of mechanical energy to low wind speed, and lag-effect causes test to be forbidden.
Although vortex flow sensors has appearred in market, also there is such defect in it, and when in pipeline, flow velocity is larger, the whirlpool row in eddy generator both sides are more regular and signal obvious, now can normally detect; But when low flow velocity, regularity and the signal intensity of the whirlpool row produced are all very faint, almost can't detect signal, cannot realize measuring.
Thus cause the especially low wind speed measuring device of these current wind speed, method and technology to have limitation, cause existing wind speed means of testing not science, inaccurate.
Summary of the invention
For prior art above shortcomings, the object of the invention is to how to solve accurately to the problem that low wind speed is measured, cannot provide a kind of wind speed on-line measurement system and method for testing.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is such: a kind of wind speed on-line measurement system, is characterized in that: comprise testing conduit, monitoring board, differential pressure measuring circuit, voltage signal acquisition change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer, communication module and receiving terminal; Described testing conduit comprises the ring flange that two bodys are connected with by two bodys, ring flange is radially provided with the through hole that runs through ring flange, is provided with a connection bracket in this through hole; Described monitoring board is fixedly connected with connection bracket by plug-in web member, and the surface level at monitoring board place crosses the axial line of testing conduit;
Described monitoring board comprises the piezoelectric board with piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric board is provided with some hemispherical projections be made up of nanometer piezoelectric, described hemispherical projections is scattered in number row, and the distance in same row between adjacent two raised brim equals the radius of hemispherical projections; Wherein, the two row's hemispherical projections that are connected shift to install, and when fluid is through hemispherical projections, can form Rankine combined vortex by the pit between the adjacent two halves hemisphere jut in same row's hemispherical projections;
The both sides of piezoelectric board are connected with a wire respectively, two wires are connected with single-chip microcomputer after voltage signal acquisition change-over circuit through differential pressure measuring circuit after the through hole on ring flange passes, after single-chip microcomputer process, convert voltage signal to wind speed, and be sent to receiving terminal by communication module.
Further, described single-chip microcomputer is also connected with clock module, display module, memory module and remote control module.
Further, described communication module is by WiFi radio receiving transmitting module.
Further, the size of described monitoring board is 4x4cm; The radius of described hemispherical projections is 10um, and the distance between the spherical raised brim of adjacent two halves is also 10um.
Based on a wind speed method of testing for above-mentioned wind speed on-line measurement system, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1) measuring system is placed in wind field, and makes check-out console be in horizontality, and in measuring system, the axis of testing conduit is consistent with wind direction;
2) carry out measuring wind speed by check-out console, wind velocity signal is converted to voltage signal;
3) then carry out voltage signal acquisition by differential pressure measuring circuit, and be passed to single-chip microcomputer after voltage signal acquisition change-over circuit;
4) be reduced into wind speed by single-chip microcomputer to receiving after recessed voltage signal processes, its processing procedure is as follows:
Set up wind speed also master mould:
The linear velocity V of Rankine combined vortex array edges
requal the speed V of air fluid
0, that is: V
r=V
0;
Rotating diameter due to Rankine combined vortex equals the spacing in same row between adjacent two projections, namely equals the radius R of hemispherical projections, therefore
According to Bernoulli equation:
rankine combined vortex boundary line speed V
rfor:
Wherein, V
rfor linear velocity, ω is angular velocity of rotation, P
rpressure for Rankine combined vortex in edge to outside, ρ is atmospheric density, and C is constant;
The pressure be applied to above piezoelectric is F:
In formula: d
33for piezoelectric constant, K
33for proportionality constant, U is the pulse voltage that differential pressure measuring electric circuit inspection arrives;
According to pressure formula
Obtain:
In formula: F is the pressure be applied to above piezoelectric, P is the equivalent pressure be applied in monitoring board vertical direction, and S is the equivalent area of bearing pressure at right angle, and namely whole test area deducts the projected area shared by projection;
Thus obtain wind speed
5) wind velocity signal is sent to receiving terminal by communication module by single-chip microcomputer.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. have employed bionic technology in this detection system, the skin texture imitating shark surface carries out bionic structure, has manufactured the projection consistent with shark surface microstructure.When gas flow is to biomimetic material, gas in pit between projection forms whirlpool array, be wrapped in biomimetic material surface, and with the rolling friction of velocity air gas, similar rolling bearing, form drag reduction effect district, gas the flowing velocity of pit surface and the actual flow speed in the duct in centre just consistent, just more accurate to gas flow rate measurement.
2. Rankine combined vortex array and low wind speed gas are in rolling friction, and the regular and obvious whirlpool array of signal of having of generation will obviously press on pit.Because biomimetic material is arranged on piezoelectric ceramics, therefore, the pressure of Rankine combined vortex array will transmit on the piezoelectric materials by biomimetic material, now just produce pressure electromotive force, change again by measuring electromotive force can converse the amount of force of whirlpool array according to mathematical model, and linear velocity can be calculated according to rotating force, and then return the flowing velocity calculating low velocity gas.Because the pit between projection is apart from little, when the linear velocity of Rankine combined vortex and the flow velocity of gas consistent time, the angular velocity of rotation of gas between pit is just very large, when velocity air flows, Rankine combined vortex array is also very regular and obvious, whirlpool array now is just measured very well, can solve the measurement problem of velocity air.
3. the whirlpool array in drag reduction effect district can sweep away absorption to the dust of pit, has self-cleaning function, does not need extra clean energy, and whole test can not by travel fatigue, dust etc. affect in atmosphere; This detection method can measure the Measurement accuracy of the even ultralow wind speed of low wind speed, can conveniently be applied in the actual measurement in colliery, mine etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is theory diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of measuring system.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of monitoring board.
In figure: 1-testing conduit, 2-monitoring board, 21-piezoelectric board, 22-hemispherical projections.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment: see Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of wind speed on-line measurement system, comprises testing conduit 1, monitoring board 2, differential pressure measuring circuit, voltage signal acquisition change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer, communication module and receiving terminal.Described testing conduit 1 comprises the ring flange that two bodys are connected with by two bodys, ring flange is radially provided with the through hole that runs through ring flange, is provided with a connection bracket in this through hole; Described monitoring board 2 is fixedly connected with connection bracket by plug-in web member, and the surface level at monitoring board 2 place crosses the axial line of testing conduit 1.
Described monitoring board 2 comprises the piezoelectric board 21 with piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric board 21 is provided with some hemispherical projections 22 be made up of nanometer piezoelectric, described hemispherical projections 22 is scattered in number row, distance between adjacent two row's hemispherical projections 22 is relative, and the distance in same row between adjacent two raised brim equals the radius of hemispherical projections 22.Wherein, the two row's hemispherical projections 22 that are connected shift to install, and when fluid is through hemispherical projections 22, can form Rankine combined vortex by the pit between the adjacent two halves hemisphere jut 22 in same row's hemispherical projections 22.Concrete enforcement is, the size of described monitoring board 2 is 4x4cm; Wherein, the radius of described hemispherical projections 22 is 10um, and the distance between adjacent two halves hemisphere jut 22 edge is also 10um.
The bionical district of hemispherical projections 22 shape that the present invention adopts nano material to form, each bionical district convex radius is 10um; Distance between protruding (edge) is also 10um.Whole bionical district is placed on the piezoelectric board 21 of the piezoelectric ceramics medium formation with piezoelectric effect, and whole check-out console lies in a horizontal plane in the middle section of testing conduit 1.When gas is by drag reduction effect district, Rankine combined vortex is produced in pit between adjacent two projections in same row, pit wraps up by the parallel Rankine combined vortex array in whole pit district, and the friction of gas and solid becomes the friction of gas and gas, just plays the effect in parcel pit district.Now, Rankine combined vortex array is identical with the gas flow flowing to direction and pit surface of gas interface, and the linear velocity of Rankine combination array is also identical with the gas velocity by pit surface, is similar to rolling bearing.
The both sides of piezoelectric board 21 are connected with a wire respectively, two wires are connected with single-chip microcomputer after voltage signal acquisition change-over circuit through differential pressure measuring circuit after the through hole on ring flange passes, also signal amplification circuit is provided with between voltage signal acquisition change-over circuit and single-chip microcomputer, after single-chip microcomputer process, convert voltage signal to wind speed, and be sent to receiving terminal by communication module; Described communication module is by WiFi radio receiving transmitting module.Described single-chip microcomputer is also connected with clock module, display module, memory module and remote control module.
Because the pit diameter between projection is very little, when the linear velocity of the Rankine combined vortex array produced in pit is consistent with gas velocity, the Rankine combined vortex angular velocity of rotation in its pit is just very large, there is multiple and amplifies relation.Just clearly and regular, the speed of the Rankine combined vortex array edges now contacted with crowning is maximum, and Rankine combined vortex array is producing pressure with the position that bottom contacts with crowning for the Rankine combined vortex array produced in pit.Owing to being arranged on above piezoelectric ceramics at biomimetic material, pressure is passed to by biomimetic material and just causes piezoelectric ceramics dielectric electromotive force to change on the piezoelectric materials.By the changing value of differential pressure measuring circuit test electromotive force, and Collect conversion is carried out to voltage signal values, again voltage signal values is transferred to single-chip microcomputer through amplifying circuit and peripheral circuit, send data to memory module by single-chip microcomputer and store, realize the on-line testing work of wind speed.Bionical convex area in the present invention has drag reduction effect, can overcome gas and solid contact face velocity slows down the problem that cannot measure, and can measure, measuring accuracy is high, good stability to the gas of low wind speed.
Based on a wind speed method of testing for above-mentioned wind speed on-line measurement system, comprise the steps:
1) measuring system is placed in wind field, and makes check-out console be in horizontality, and in measuring system, the axis of testing conduit is consistent with wind direction.
2) carry out measuring wind speed by check-out console, wind velocity signal is converted to voltage signal.
3) then carry out voltage signal acquisition by differential pressure measuring circuit, and be passed to single-chip microcomputer after voltage signal acquisition change-over circuit.
4) be reduced into wind speed after being processed the voltage signal received by single-chip microcomputer, its processing procedure is as follows:
Set up wind speed also master mould:
The linear velocity V of Rankine combined vortex array edges
requal the speed V of air fluid
0, that is: V
r=V
0;
Rotating diameter due to Rankine combined vortex equals the spacing in same row between adjacent two projections, namely equals the radius R of hemispherical projections, therefore
According to Bernoulli equation:
known: when disregarding air quality, the little then pressure of speed is large, and Rankine combined vortex pressure on the contact surface will clearly; Rankine combined vortex boundary line speed V
rfor:
Wherein, V
rfor linear velocity, ω is angular velocity of rotation, P
rpressure for Rankine combined vortex in edge to outside, ρ is atmospheric density, and C is constant, is the summation of kinetic energy, gravitional force, pressure potential.
Rankine combined vortex array is producing corresponding pressure with the position that pit bottom contacts with crowning.Owing to being arranged on above piezoelectric ceramics at biomimetic material, pressure is passed to by biomimetic material and just causes piezoelectric ceramics dielectric electromotive force to change on the piezoelectric materials.
The pressure be applied to above piezoelectric is F:
In formula: d
33for piezoelectric constant, K
33for proportionality constant, U is the pulse voltage that differential pressure measuring electric circuit inspection arrives.
Because Rankine combined vortex rotates between adjacent two projections, it is friction force upwards to the projection in left side, and be downward pressure to the projection on right side, both offset by pressure on piezoelectric ceramics, do not produce differential pressure electromotive force.Therefore, the final area producing piezoelectric effect is exactly pit areas (that is: position between adjacent two projections), and now area deducts projected area shared by projection for whole monitoring board area, and namely whole monitoring board area deducts protruding base area." such as, when the size of described monitoring board is 4x4cm, the radius of described hemispherical projections is 10um, and when the distance between adjacent two halves hemisphere jut is also 10um, the equivalent area S bearing pressure at right angle is: S=40*40-(40*1000/20)
2* π * (10*0.001)
2=344mm
2=3.44*10
-4m
2.
According to pressure formula
Obtain:
In formula: F is the pressure be applied to above piezoelectric, P is applied to the equivalent pressure perpendicular on monitoring board direction, and S is the equivalent area of bearing pressure at right angle, and namely whole test area deducts the projected area shared by projection;
Thus obtain wind speed:
5) wind velocity signal is sent to receiving terminal by communication module by single-chip microcomputer.
For making measuring wind speed more accurate, need before test to edit measuring system, it edits process and is:
A. this instrument is placed on the assigned position (standard wind-tunnel is a kind of generator producing standard wind speed, and when standard wind-tunnel is set to 6m/s, the wind speed of actual generation is in the error range of 6m/s in assigned position) of standard wind-tunnel;
B. return to zero; Be placed on by test surfaces in calm environment, whole test surfaces keeps horizontal positioned.Regulated the output signal of single-chip microcomputer by remote control module, until the wind speed of display module display is 0, preserves and exit Calibration interface.Measurement system error now is just determined.
C. demarcation debugging is carried out; Wind tunnel speed is set in (being generally 3 times, 6m/s, 9m/s, 15m/s), the system value of minute book surveying instrument.6m/s, 9m/s, 15m/s respectively by the built-in wind speed Output rusults that also master mould makes measuring system final.(output valve now just contains the correction to coefficient of rolling friction, the real area to test surfaces carries out error correction)
D. then according to this result of 3 times, measuring system just obtains final pressure and the curved line relation of wind speed.
Wherein, C value is a constant, just remains unchanged in every cover system after mark effect is determined; Its concrete calibration process is: 1. first return to zero, and certainty annuity error, as step B; 2. demarcate again, as step C, according to Bernoulli equation:
mark effect is carried out at 6m/s place.V now in formula is wind tunnel speed 6m/s;
u is piezoelectric effect electromotive force.Be exaggerated testing circuit detect after and be transported to single-chip microcomputer, then after single-chip microcomputer process, be converted into wind speed output to digital-scroll technique end.Owing to being now contrast to mark with standard wind tunnel speed to imitate, the output valve of digital-scroll technique end therefore must be made to be 6m/s.Conversely, adjusting digital-scroll technique value when we mark effect is 6m/s, and U value now is corrected in single-chip microcomputer.And P value also just can be calculated by revised U value.Final C value constant also just can be determined.
In actual measurement, velocity variations causes pressure to change, and pressure change causes piezoelectric ceramics differential pressure electromotive force to change, and differential pressure electromotive force causes testing circuit, amplifying circuit voltage signal to change, and the value finally making single-chip microcomputer export changes.(and the change of speed and pressure, be exactly calculate from the trend curve of these 3 times demarcation).
Finally it should be noted that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention but not restriction technologies scheme, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, those are modified to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and do not depart from aim and the scope of the technical program, all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a wind speed on-line measurement system, is characterized in that: comprise testing conduit, monitoring board, differential pressure measuring circuit, voltage signal acquisition change-over circuit, single-chip microcomputer, communication module and receiving terminal; Described testing conduit comprises the ring flange that two bodys are connected with by two bodys, ring flange is radially provided with the through hole that runs through ring flange, is provided with a connection bracket in this through hole; Described monitoring board is fixedly connected with connection bracket by plug-in web member, and the surface level at monitoring board place crosses the axial line of testing conduit;
Described monitoring board comprises the piezoelectric board with piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric board is provided with some hemispherical projections be made up of nanometer piezoelectric, described hemispherical projections is scattered in number row, and the distance in same row between adjacent two raised brim equals the radius of hemispherical projections; Wherein, the two row's hemispherical projections that are connected shift to install, and when fluid is through hemispherical projections, can form Rankine combined vortex by the pit between the adjacent two halves hemisphere jut in same row's hemispherical projections;
The both sides of piezoelectric board are connected with a wire respectively, two wires are connected with single-chip microcomputer after voltage signal acquisition change-over circuit through differential pressure measuring circuit after the through hole on ring flange passes, after single-chip microcomputer process, convert voltage signal to wind speed, and be sent to receiving terminal by communication module.
2. a kind of wind speed on-line measurement system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer is also connected with clock module, display module, memory module and remote control module.
3. a kind of wind speed on-line measurement system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described communication module is by WiFi radio receiving transmitting module.
4. a kind of wind speed on-line measurement system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the size of described monitoring board is 4x4cm; The radius of described hemispherical projections is 10um, and the distance between the spherical raised brim of adjacent two halves is also 10um.
5., based on a wind speed method of testing for wind speed on-line measurement system described in above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1) measuring system is placed in wind field, and makes check-out console be in horizontality, and in measuring system, the axis of testing conduit is consistent with wind direction;
2) carry out measuring wind speed by check-out console, wind velocity signal is converted to voltage signal;
3) then carry out voltage signal acquisition by differential pressure measuring circuit, and be passed to single-chip microcomputer after voltage signal acquisition change-over circuit;
4) be reduced into wind speed by single-chip microcomputer to receiving after recessed voltage signal processes, its processing procedure is as follows:
Set up wind speed also master mould:
The linear velocity V of Rankine combined vortex array edges
requal the speed V of air fluid
0, that is: V
r=V
0;
Rotating diameter due to Rankine combined vortex equals the spacing in same row between adjacent two projections, namely equals the radius R of hemispherical projections, therefore
According to Bernoulli equation:
rankine combined vortex boundary line speed V
rfor:
Wherein, V
rfor linear velocity, ω is angular velocity of rotation, P
rpressure for Rankine combined vortex in edge to outside, ρ is atmospheric density, and C is constant;
The pressure be applied to above piezoelectric is F:
In formula: d
33for piezoelectric constant, K
33for proportionality constant, U is the pulse voltage that differential pressure measuring electric circuit inspection arrives;
According to pressure formula
Obtain:
In formula: F is the pressure be applied to above piezoelectric, P is the equivalent pressure be applied in monitoring board vertical direction, and S is the equivalent area of bearing pressure at right angle, and namely whole test area deducts the projected area shared by projection;
Thus obtain wind speed
5) wind velocity signal is sent to receiving terminal by communication module by single-chip microcomputer.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105259369A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-20 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Wind speed and direction measurement instrument |
| CN108226561A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-29 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Based on the speed-measuring method and speed measuring equipment for exercising equipment |
| CN111398623A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-07-10 | 上海电机学院 | Intelligent wind speed detection system |
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| JPH06194374A (en) * | 1992-12-24 | 1994-07-15 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | Wind direction/wind speed detector |
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| CN1035559A (en) * | 1987-12-04 | 1989-09-13 | 施鲁博格工业公司 | Vortex flowmeter transducer |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105259369A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-20 | 国家海洋技术中心 | Wind speed and direction measurement instrument |
| CN108226561A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-29 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | Based on the speed-measuring method and speed measuring equipment for exercising equipment |
| CN111398623A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-07-10 | 上海电机学院 | Intelligent wind speed detection system |
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| CN104833819B (en) | 2017-08-04 |
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