CN104832573A - Load braking device and lifting appliance applying same - Google Patents
Load braking device and lifting appliance applying same Download PDFInfo
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- CN104832573A CN104832573A CN201510239211.5A CN201510239211A CN104832573A CN 104832573 A CN104832573 A CN 104832573A CN 201510239211 A CN201510239211 A CN 201510239211A CN 104832573 A CN104832573 A CN 104832573A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a load braking device, which comprises a drive housing and a main frame; the drive housing is arranged on a spindle unit of a support through a unidirectional locking mechanism; the support is fixed; the main frame and the drive housing are connected through stacked friction disks; an input gear and a load gear are coaxially sleeved on the main frame at one side of the friction disks; the input gear is rotatably sleeved on the main frame, and is arranged by clinging to the friction disks; the load gear is fixedly sleeved on the main frame; the input gear is provided with an axial first ratchet wheel; the load gear is oppositely provided with an axial second ratchet wheel; ratchets of the first ratchet wheel and ratchets of the second ratchet wheel are closely bitten along the axial direction; the ratchets are all unidirectional teeth, and respectively comprise an oblique plane for generating axial thrust while circumferentially transmitting rotary power; another face of the oblique plane of each ratchet is a ratchet back face for only circumferentially transmitting the power; the locking direction of the unidirectional locking mechanism is consistent with the power transmission direction of the oblique plane of each ratchet.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to braking device, specifically a kind of for winch, mobile crane and the loading braking device of other kinds lifting machinery equipment and the lifting appliance of application thereof.
Background technique
Work brake apparatus is applied on the winch of Hoisting Machinery, for preventing the hoisting heavy of winch in the process of motor stalling or speed-changing, weight glides suddenly, existing winch all has brake assemblies, generally realize automatically by friction disk, but the actual conditions according to motor or winch are needed when braking, when needs keep hoisting heavy, the pressure of an axis is loaded to reach the object of braking to friction disk, but under a lot of operating mode, due to the restriction of structure space or transmission condition, be not suitable for maybe to load friction disk axial direction, then how to carry out braking, become a difficult problem.
Publication No. is the Chinese invention patent application of CN 103332625A, disclose a kind of clutch brake and the winch and the operating method thereof that comprise this device, it realizes the clutch brake function of winch by free wheel device, prevent winch under the effect of hoisting heavy, slipping hook, but the axis of the braking plate in its technological scheme loads and realizes in conjunction with hydraulic system, structure is too complicated, in lifting process, need the hydraulic system outside quota to realize the separation of braking, and hydraulic system need often to safeguard.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is: the defect of system architecture complexity existed for Work brake apparatus in existing Hoisting Machinery, provides a kind of feasibility and higher, the pure Mechanical course of reliability, control accuracy is high and the life-span is long Work brake apparatus.
The present invention adopts following technological scheme to realize:
A kind of Work brake apparatus, comprises drive housing 4 main frame 5;
Described drive housing 4 is arranged on by one-way lock mechanism 3 on the spindle unit of bearing 1, and described bearing 1 is fixed, and described main frame 5 is connected by the friction disk stacked with drive housing 4;
On the main frame 5 of described friction disk side, coaxial sleeve has input gear 8 and load gear 10;
Described input gear 8 is rotatably set with main frame 5, and is close to friction disk setting, and described load gear 10 is set with main frame 5 is fixing;
Described input gear 8 is provided with the first axial ratchet 12, described load gear 10 is relatively provided with the second axial ratchet 13, the ratchet 18 of described first ratchet 12 and the second ratchet 13 is in axial direction close to occlusion mutually, described ratchet is unidirectional tooth, produce the inclined-plane 19 of end thrust while having circumferential transmitting rotary power, the another side of described ratcheted ramp is the ratchet back side 20 of only circumferential transferring power;
The locking direction of described one-way lock mechanism is consistent with the transmission of power direction, inclined-plane of described ratchet.
Further, described one-way lock mechanism 3 is free wheel device, outer ring and the drive housing 4 of described free wheel device are connected, and the spindle unit of inner ring and bearing 1 is connected, and are equipped with the bearing 2 for rolling support between the bearing 1 and drive housing 4 at free wheel device two ends.
Further, described friction disk is sleeved on the axle of main frame 5, comprise static friction dish 6 and kinetic friction dish 7, wherein, described static friction dish 6 outer ring is provided with projection, is connected with the inwall spline of drive housing 4, described kinetic friction dish 7 inner ring is provided with internal spline, be connected with the spline of main frame 5, described static friction dish 6 and kinetic friction dish 7 are stacked alternately formation friction pair, and are compressed by the axial force of input gear and load gear.
Further, be provided with belleville spring 21 between described input gear 8 and the friction disk of end, carry out pre-pressing between kinematics and static friction dish, realize fitting tightly of kinematics and static friction dish, there is buffer function simultaneously.
Further, described load gear 10 one end is connected input gear 8 by the first ratchet with the second ratchet, and the other end is by locking nut 11 axially locking.
Further, described first ratchet 12 or the second ratchet 13 are arranged in the groove 16 of corresponding gear, and another ratchet is arranged on the boss 17 of corresponding gear, described boss and groove fit, realizes the closed assembling of ratchet.
Further, described input gear 8 is rotatably sleeved on the axle of main frame 5 by lining 9.
In the present invention, the employing hygrometric state paper friction material of described friction disk.
The invention also discloses a kind of lifting appliance applying above-mentioned Work brake apparatus, comprise power source, Work brake apparatus and winch, the output shaft of described power source is connected to the input gear 8 of Work brake apparatus by gear train assembly, the input shaft of described winch is connected to the load gear 10 of Work brake apparatus by gear train assembly.
The state that the present invention can complete when weight lifts by crane in power transmission process keeps, make use of the inclined-plane generation axial motion trend of ratchet ratchet on two relative movement gears dexterously, moment of torsion is applied by load gear, by the inclined-plane of ratchet, torque axis is turned to an axial loading force perpendicular to rubbing surface, give dynamic, impacting force is applied between static friction dish, torque conversion is become the axial loading force between friction disk, frictional force is produced between kinetic friction dish and static friction dish, connection for transmission housing and main frame, self-locking and return-stopping function is realized in conjunction with one-way lock mechanism, prevent from reversing.One-way lock mechanism adopts free wheel device to realize unidirectional delivery moment, the outer ring of free wheel device is connected with drive housing, the inner ring of free wheel device is connected with the axle on bearing, make drive housing can only unidirectional delivery moment, driving and driven part speed of related movement also can be utilized to change or the change of sense of rotation makes free wheel device automatically combine/throw off simultaneously, complete realizing soon in fast feed machinery, change at a slow speed the function surmounting state.This device volume is small and exquisite, designs exquisite, and the sensitivity that torque is converted into axial force is very high, and in conjunction with adopting the friction material of Wet-type paper as friction disk, friction, the polishing machine of friction material are excellent, long service life, and control accuracy is high.
The present invention is a kind of Work brake apparatus, be applicable to winch, mobile crane and other kinds lifting machinery equipment, torque conversion is become axial loading force by Work brake apparatus, one-way lock mechanism is coordinated by friction disk, autonomous loading, prevent hoisting heavy from reversing, realize self-locking and the return-stopping function of lifting appliance, utilize free wheel device to be changed by driving and driven part speed of related movement in mechanical transmission or the change of sense of rotation makes its specific function automatically combining or throw off, complete realize soon in fast feed machinery, at a slow speed conversion surmount state.
From the above mentioned, the Work brake apparatus that the present invention adopts adopts pure mechanical structure, compact, is changed into the axial pressing force of self-locking by the torque axis of load transfer, is skillfully constructed, controls sensitive, has ensured its lifting appliance Safety performance of application.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic internal view of Work brake apparatus in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the input gear in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the load gear in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is input gear in embodiment 1 and the occlusion of the part ratchet between load gear schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of mechanism of the lifting appliance of application load braking device in embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is the fundamental diagram of the lifting appliance in embodiment 2.
Number in the figure: 1-bearing, 2-bearing, 3-one-way lock mechanism, 4-drive housing, 5-main frame, 6-static friction dish, 7-kinetic friction dish, 8-input gear, 9-lining, 10-load gear, 11-locking nut, 12-first ratchet, 13-second ratchet, 14-winch, 15-motor, 16-groove, 17-boss, 18-ratchet, 19-inclined-plane, the 20-back side, 21-belleville spring.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
See Fig. 1, a kind of Work brake apparatus, comprises bearing 1, one-way lock mechanism 3, drive housing 4, main frame 5, input gear 8 and load gear 10.
Drive housing 4 is arranged on the spindle unit of bearing 1 by one-way lock mechanism 3, bearing 1 is fixed, in the present embodiment, described one-way lock mechanism 3 is free wheel device, outer ring and the drive housing 4 of described free wheel device are connected, the spindle unit of inner ring and bearing 1 is connected, and is equipped with the bearing 2 for rolling support between the bearing 1 and drive housing 4 at free wheel device two ends.
Main frame 5 realizes power with drive housing 4 by the friction disk stacked and is connected, friction disk is sleeved on the axle of main frame 5, comprise static friction dish 6 and kinetic friction dish 7, wherein, static friction dish 6 be connected with drive housing 4 and together with rotate, kinetic friction dish 7 be connected with main frame 5 and together with rotate, static friction dish 6 outer ring is provided with projection, be connected with the inwall spline of drive housing 4, kinetic friction dish 7 inner ring is provided with internal spline, be connected with the spline of main frame 5, static friction dish 6 and kinetic friction dish 7 are stacked alternately formation friction pair, contact with each other between friction disk, under the effect not having axial pressing force, can mutually slide, do not affect relatively rotating between main frame and drive housing, static friction dish 6 and kinetic friction dish 7 are compressed by the axial force of input gear and load gear.
Input gear 8 and load gear 10 coaxial package are on the main frame 5 of friction disk side, and wherein, input gear 8 adopts lining 9 to be rotatably sleeved on main frame 5, and are close to friction disk setting, and load gear 10 is set with main frame 5 is fixing, and key can be adopted to connect.
In conjunction with see Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, input gear 8 is provided with the first axial ratchet 12, load gear 10 is relatively provided with the second axial ratchet 13, see Fig. 4, the ratchet 18 of described first ratchet 12 and the second ratchet 13 is in axial direction close to occlusion mutually, described ratchet 18 is unidirectional tooth, the inclined-plane 19 of end thrust is produced while there is circumferential transmitting rotary power, the another side of described ratcheted ramp is the ratchet back side 20 of only circumferential transferring power, the ratchet back side 20 and inclined-plane 19 form briar tooth, and its structure can see the unidirectional briar tooth profile of tooth of common click; Load gear 10 one end is connected input gear 8 by the first ratchet with the second ratchet, input gear 8 is equivalent to the compression plate of friction disk, belleville spring 21 is provided with between input gear 8 and the static friction dish 6 of end, for carrying out preload between kinematics and static friction dish, keep the close contact between kinematics and static friction dish.The other end main frame of load gear 10 is bolted with locking nut 11 axially locking two gears, input gear 8 only has the trend applying axial force relative to friction disk, in concrete assembling, do not produce actual displacement.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the first ratchet 12 or the second ratchet 13 are arranged in the groove 16 of corresponding gear, and another ratchet is arranged on the boss 17 of corresponding gear, boss and groove fit, realizes the closed assembling of ratchet.
In assembling, the locking direction of one-way lock mechanism is consistent with the transmission of power direction, inclined-plane of ratchet.
The Work brake apparatus of the present embodiment meets following requirement (following sense of rotation is for observing from right to left shown in Fig. 1):
A) in the counterclockwise direction, first, the load that load gear 10 connects contacts transmitting torque to input gear 8 by ratcheted ramp 19, and produce the impacting force of axial compression friction disk, simultaneously, load gear 10 should connect certain load torque, when being rotated in the counterclockwise direction by input gear 8, input gear 8 can reduce the load torque suffered by load gear 10 gradually by the back side 20 of ratchet, frictional force now between friction disk is weakened, main frame can rotate relative to drive housing, input gear 8 rotates counterclockwise, load gear 10 is free to rotate in the counterclockwise direction under the effect of load,
B) along clockwise direction, if when input gear 8 is without driving torque, same, the load that load gear connects applies torque M F to load gear 10, now load gear 10 applies axial pressure by ratcheted ramp 19 to input gear and friction disk, and extrusion friction dish produces frictional force and drive housing and main frame is connected, now due to free wheel device counteresteer, drive housing can not be rotated under torque M F effect, can keep load gear 10 locking; If apply clockwise direction torque M Q to input gear 8, ratcheted ramp contact transmitting torque between input gear 8 and load gear 10, the axial pressing force now produced between input gear 8 and load gear 10 also increases, when the clockwise input torque MQ of input gear 8 reaches X1.MF, relative sliding is produced between kinematics and static friction dish, when input torque MQ when input gear 8 rotates reaches X2.MF, kinematics and static friction dish produces and slides continuously, and now input gear 8 directly directly drives load gear 10 to rotate clockwise by the inclined-plane 19 of ratchet ratchet.Wherein X1, X2 are transformation ratio, and X2 > X1, X1, X2 carry out adjusting size by change click, the bevel angle of plane bearing (i.e. lining) and the performance parameter of friction material.
Further illustrate, the design that every parameter by change ratchet, plane bearing bevel angle, friction material changes conversion coefficient (X1, X2) all belongs to the category of the present invention's protection.
The friction material of the friction disk of the present embodiment be hygrometric state paper substrate without lost material, due to the particularity of friction material, friction material should work under the working environment of lubricant oil, and its wear extent is minimum, can avoid pollution lubricating oil.
Embodiment 2
See Fig. 5, the invention also discloses the lifting appliance of Work brake apparatus in a kind of Application Example 1, comprise power source, Work brake apparatus and winch, the present embodiment is for the lifting appliance of motoring, power source is motor 15, the output shaft of motor 15 is connected to the input gear 8 of Work brake apparatus by gear train assembly, the input shaft of winch 14 is connected to the load gear 10 of Work brake apparatus by gear train assembly.
The working principle of Work brake apparatus, as embodiment 1, when two gears rotate counterclockwise, can freely be rotated by the ratchet back side 20 between them, for transferring weight; Conversely, when load gear 10 bears certain load MF, have two kinds of situations, one is that input gear 8 has clockwise driving torque, and two is that input gear 8 is without driving torque.When input gear 8 is without driving torque, autonomous load the axial pressing force effect that kinematics and static friction dish in braking device produces on inclined-plane under compress, drive housing and main frame locking under the effect of free wheel device; When input gear 8 has driving torque, inclined-plane 19 transmitting torque of the ratchet between two gears pass through, and the frictional force that before overcoming, friction disk compresses simultaneously, finally realize the direct transmitting torque of ratchet between two gears.
In conjunction with see Fig. 6, the specific works principle of lifting appliance is as follows: motor 15 connects winch 14 by Work brake apparatus, and winch is sling the weight of steel wire hang by rotation or put down.
When putting down weight, input gear 8 is contacted by the ratchet back side 20 with load gear 10, first, the counterclockwise moment that load gear 10 produces at weight, acts on input gear 8 pressing friction dish, simultaneously simultaneously, the counterclockwise driving moment of input gear 8 can offset the moment of load gear 10, cut down the axial pressing force of friction disk gradually by the back side 20 transmitting torque, making between friction disk can relative sliding, realizes input gear and load gear is free to rotate in the counterclockwise direction.
During hoisting heavy, free wheel device carry-over moment, load gear 10 bears the counterclockwise torque that weight produces, torque now changes into axial positive pressure by ratcheted ramp between input gear and load gear, apply brake weight to kinematics and static friction dish, make to keep certain friction torque between dynamic and static dish.
When motor makes weight rise without driving moment, hanging object will remain on certain state, and drive housing and free wheel device link together, and by free wheel device check, can not rotate.Drive housing is now the equal of fixed body, and input gear 8 is without driving moment, so the weight torque be applied on gear 10 will change into axial pressing force;
When motor is started working, when namely lifting by crane, the clockwise driving moment of motor is applied on input gear 8, and input gear 8 drives load gear 10 to rotate by ratcheted ramp 19.According to the parameter of setting in design, as driving moment MQ=X1.MF, quiet, kinetic friction dish starts relative sliding, and as MQ=X2.MF, quiet, kinetic friction dish slides continuously, namely completes slinging work.
Free wheel device also has the specific function when input gear 8 and the change of load gear 10 speed of related movement or the change of sense of rotation make free wheel device automatically combine/throw off, completes to realize soon in fast feed machinery, change at a slow speed the function surmounting state.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably mode of execution; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Work brake apparatus, is characterized in that: comprise drive housing (4), main frame (5);
Described drive housing (4) is arranged on the spindle unit of bearing (1) by one-way lock mechanism (3), described bearing (1) is fixed, and described main frame (5) is connected by the friction disk stacked with drive housing (4);
The upper coaxial sleeve of main frame (5) of described friction disk side has input gear (8) and load gear (10);
Described input gear (8) and main frame (5) are rotatably set with, and are close to friction disk setting, and described load gear (10) is set with main frame (5) is fixing;
Described input gear (8) is provided with axial the first ratchet (12), described load gear (10) is relatively provided with axial the second ratchet (13), the ratchet (18) of described first ratchet (12) and the second ratchet (13) is in axial direction close to occlusion mutually, described ratchet is unidirectional tooth, produce the inclined-plane (19) of end thrust while having circumferential transmitting rotary power, the another side of described ratcheted ramp is the ratchet back side (20) of only circumferential transferring power;
The locking direction of described one-way lock mechanism is consistent with the transmission of power direction, inclined-plane of described ratchet.
2. Work brake apparatus according to claim 1, described one-way lock mechanism (3) is free wheel device, the outer ring of described free wheel device and drive housing (4) are connected, the spindle unit of inner ring and bearing (1) is connected, and is equipped with the bearing (2) for rolling support between the bearing (1) and drive housing (4) at free wheel device two ends.
3. Work brake apparatus according to claim 2, described friction disk is sleeved on the axle of main frame (5), comprise static friction dish (6) and kinetic friction dish (7), wherein, described static friction dish (6) outer ring is provided with projection, be connected with the inwall spline of drive housing (4), described kinetic friction dish (7) inner ring is provided with internal spline, be connected with the spline of main frame (5), described static friction dish (6) and kinetic friction dish (7) are stacked alternately formation friction pair, and are compressed by the axial force of input gear and load gear.
4. Work brake apparatus according to claim 3, is provided with belleville spring (21) between described input gear (8) and the friction disk of end.
5. Work brake apparatus according to claim 4, described load gear (10) one end is connected input gear (8) by the first ratchet with the second ratchet, and the other end is by locking nut (11) axially locking.
6. Work brake apparatus according to claim 5, described first ratchet (12) or the second ratchet (13) are arranged in the groove (16) of corresponding gear, another ratchet is arranged on the boss (17) of corresponding gear, described boss and groove fit, realize the closed assembling of ratchet.
7. the Work brake apparatus according to any one of claim 6, described input gear (8) is rotatably sleeved on the axle of main frame (5) by lining (9).
8. the Work brake apparatus according to any one of claim 1-7, the employing hygrometric state paper friction material of described friction disk.
9. the lifting appliance of the Work brake apparatus of an application rights requirement described in 1-8, it is characterized in that: comprise power source, Work brake apparatus and winch, the output shaft of described power source is connected to the input gear (8) of Work brake apparatus by gear train assembly, the input shaft of described winch is connected to the load gear (10) of Work brake apparatus by gear train assembly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510239211.5A CN104832573B (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2015-05-12 | Work brake apparatus and its lifting appliance of application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510239211.5A CN104832573B (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2015-05-12 | Work brake apparatus and its lifting appliance of application |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104832573A true CN104832573A (en) | 2015-08-12 |
| CN104832573B CN104832573B (en) | 2017-12-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510239211.5A Active CN104832573B (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2015-05-12 | Work brake apparatus and its lifting appliance of application |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108069357A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-25 | 郑州飞机装备有限责任公司 | A kind of self-sustaining gear |
| CN108775347A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-09 | 广东机电职业技术学院 | A kind of combined clutch |
| CN113931998A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-14 | 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 | Controllable driving structure sensitive to load |
| CN114516067A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-20 | 清华大学 | Rope drive switching device and rope drive mechanical arm thereof |
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| CN204755677U (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-11-11 | 中南大学 | Load arresting gear and equipment of using that lifts by crane thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108069357A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-25 | 郑州飞机装备有限责任公司 | A kind of self-sustaining gear |
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| CN114516067A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-20 | 清华大学 | Rope drive switching device and rope drive mechanical arm thereof |
| CN114516067B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2024-05-31 | 清华大学 | Rope drive switching device and rope drive mechanical arm thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN104832573B (en) | 2017-12-26 |
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Inventor after: Hu Chunkai Inventor after: Hu Tianlong Chak Inventor after: Ruan Li Inventor after: Hu Chunkai, Hu Tianlong, Ze Yu, Ruan Li, Hong Li Inventor before: Hu Chunkai Inventor before: Hu Tianlong pool space Inventor before: Ruan Li Inventor before: Hu Chunkai, Hu Tianlong, Ze Yu, Ruan Li, Hong Li |
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