CN104832148A - Hydraulic fracturing experiment device and hydraulic fracturing experiment method for columnar coal masses under three-dimensional stress - Google Patents
Hydraulic fracturing experiment device and hydraulic fracturing experiment method for columnar coal masses under three-dimensional stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN104832148A CN104832148A CN201510212451.6A CN201510212451A CN104832148A CN 104832148 A CN104832148 A CN 104832148A CN 201510212451 A CN201510212451 A CN 201510212451A CN 104832148 A CN104832148 A CN 104832148A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic fracturing experiment device and a hydraulic fracturing experiment method for columnar coal masses under three-dimensional stress. The hydraulic fracturing experiment device comprises a stress loading part and a hydraulic fracturing part; the stress loading part comprises a square steel frame, steel cylinders, arc-shaped steel plates, columnar cushion blocks, high-pressure capsules, high-pressure rubber hoses, digital display stress sensors and hand-operating test pumps, wherein the steel cylinders are connected with the square steel frame, the arc-shaped steel plates are respectively connected with the steel cylinders, and each columnar cushion block and the corresponding high-pressure capsule are located in the corresponding steel cylinders; each columnar cushion block is connected with the corresponding high-pressure capsule, and the high-pressure rubber hoses, the digital display stress sensors and the hand-operating test pumps are respectively connected with the high-pressure capsules; the hydraulic fracturing part comprises a fracturing tube, a fracturing pump, a water tank and a water pressure recorder which penetrate through the steel cylinders and the arc-shaped steel plates in sequence. By adopting the technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with the existing prior art, a hydraulic fracturing experiment on columnar samples under the true three-dimensional stress condition can be realized; the hydraulic fracturing experiment device is simple in structure and easy in operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic fracturing experiments technical field, refer more particularly to hydraulic fracturing experiments device and method under a kind of column coal body three-dimensional stress.
Background technology
Downhole hydraulic pressure break strengthening coal bed gas extraction is a kind of effective means of lower permeability seam gas control, because pressure break scope is large, antireflective effect is good, is applied in the multiple mining area of China.Meanwhile, because the most mining area of China enters deep mining, deep fractures gas permeability is lower, and the difficulty of gas pumping is larger.In conjunction with China's current techniques economic condition, it is one of most economical gas control technology measure that fracturing improves gas permeability of coal seam.And coal seam is deposited for single tax, hydraulic fracturing technology is also improve permeability and one of water, the of paramount importance technical measures of gas flow conductivity.
In the experimental study of fracturing, domestic existing device and method mainly contains two classes, and a class intends triaxial tests device and method, is placed in by coal petrography sample under intending condition of triaxial stress and carries out fracturing experiments; Another kind of is true triaxial experimental facilities and method, carries out fracturing experiments under coal petrography sample is placed in true triaxial stress condition.Because the ambient stress of coal and rock suffered by underground is necessarily each to different stress, the fracturing experiments therefore under true triaxial stress condition more meets on-the-spot physical condition and has more meaning.
What true triaxial experimental facilities generally adopted is cube or cuboid sample, and what realize its three-dimensional stress by increased pressure board adds unloading.In practical operation, the processing of cube or cuboid sample is comparatively difficult, particularly brittle rock mass (as coal), is difficult to ensure each surface smoothing, and the plane being more difficult to guarantee two relative is completely parallel.The appearance of this phenomenon greatly improves processing cost, because process requires comparatively strict, once occur that deviation is just difficult to ensure the smooth loading of three-dimensional stress, thus again must choose coarse coal rock mass and processes.Adopt column coal and rock then to address this problem well, only need coarse coal rock mass to fix, adopt cylindric drill bit just can process the more smooth cylinder in surface, thus greatly reduce the processing cost of sample.
But column coal and rock is general all for intending triaxial test, sample is placed in tank body, utilizes oil pressure or air pressure-loading, what now sample bore is intend triaxial stress, stress direction is the center of circle being pointed to cross section by specimen surface, and this stress condition does not meet truth.At present the hydraulic fracturing experiments device under the true triaxial condition of cylindrical specimens be have not been reported, but from the viewpoint of financial cost, true stress condition two, a kind of hydraulic fracturing experiments device that can carry out three-dimensional stress loading to the cylindrical specimens being easy to process must be developed, and propose corresponding experimental technique.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic fracturing experiments device that can apply three-dimensional stress to the cylindrical specimens being easy to process, and the fracturing experiments overcoming the plan condition of triaxial stress existing for prior art does not meet the deficiency of real scene situation.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, first the present invention proposes hydraulic fracturing experiments device under a kind of column coal body three-dimensional stress, it is characterized in that, comprises stress loading part and fracturing part, stress loading part comprises square steelframe, four steel cylinders be connected with square steelframe, before four steel cylinders lay respectively at column coal body sample, after, left, four orientation, right side, the front end of four steel cylinders is corresponding respectively installs four curved plates, wherein, the front end of two steel cylinders is directly directly connected with two curved plates respectively, cylindricality cushion block and high pressure capsule is separately installed with in another two steel cylinders, one end of described cylindricality cushion block is connected with curved plate, the other end connects described high pressure capsule, the strain gauge that described high pressure capsule is connected by high-pressure rubber pipe and hydraulic test pump,
Fracturing part comprises the pressure break pipe, fracturing pump, water tank and the hydraulic pressure recorder that pass steel cylinder and curved plate successively.
Preferably, the arc radius of curved plate is identical with radius of specimen, and arc length is radius of specimen
doubly, the height of curved plate is identical with sample.
Preferably, the center of gravity of described four curved plates is positioned in same level.
Before two curved plates of described connection cylindricality cushion block lay respectively at column coal body sample, orientation, two, right side, and the center of the steel cylinder of right side and front side, curved plate, cylindricality cushion block is in same level.
The present invention proposes the experimental technique of hydraulic fracturing experiments device under a kind of column coal body three-dimensional stress simultaneously, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The coarse coal of collection, rock mass are processed into cylindrical specimens;
Be 10 ~ 12mm at a sample center position internal diameter of constructing, length is the pressure break boring of specimen finish half;
Pressure break pipe is stretched in hole and makes 10 ~ 15mm at the bottom of distance hole, pressure break pipe front end, adopt fluid sealant by pressure break borehole sealing, by pressure break pipe successively through curved plate, steel cylinder and square steelframe, and connect fracturing pump and hydraulic pressure recorder;
One deck 5 ~ 8mm thickness silica gel is smeared at the side surface of sample;
After silica gel solidifies, forcing press is utilized to apply the vertical stress of specifying to sample, utilize Manual pressure test pump to make it expand to high pressure capsule injection oil or water, apply lateral stress by cylindricality cushion block to curved plate, and show applied lateral stress value in real time by digital display strain gauge;
Utilize fracturing pump to inject water under high pressure to sample and carry out crushing test, utilize hydraulic pressure recorder real time record hydraulic signal.
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with existing known technology, can realize the hydraulic fracturing experiments under the true three-dimensional stress condition of column sample, structure is simple, is easy to operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of stress loading part of the present invention and fracturing part;
Fig. 2 is agent structure schematic diagram of the present invention; In figure, 1-square steelframe, 2-steel cylinder, 3-curved plate, 4-cylindricality cushion block, 5-high pressure capsule, 6-high-pressure rubber pipe, 7-digital display strain gauge, 8-Manual pressure test pump, 9-pressure break pipe, 10-fracturing pump, 11-water tank, 12-hydraulic pressure recorder, 13-sample, 14-pressure break is holed, 15-fluid sealant, 16-silica gel, 17-pressure testing machine.
Detailed description of the invention
Hydraulic fracturing experiments installation method under column coal body three-dimensional stress shown in composition graphs 1, Fig. 2, comprises stress loading part and fracturing part;
Stress loading part comprises square steelframe 1, four steel cylinders 2 be connected with square steelframe 1, before four steel cylinders 2 lay respectively at column coal body sample, after, left, four orientation, right side, the front end of four steel cylinders 2 is corresponding respectively installs four curved plates 3, wherein, left side, the front end of two steel cylinders in front side is directly directly connected with two curved plates respectively, right side, cylindricality cushion block 4 and high pressure capsule 5 is separately installed with in rear side two steel cylinders, cylindricality cushion block 4 one end is connected with curved plate, the other end connects high pressure capsule 5, the strain gauge that high pressure capsule is connected by high-pressure rubber pipe and hydraulic test pump, the center of gravity of four curved plates 3 is positioned in same level.The center of right side and the steel cylinder of front side, curved plate, cylindricality cushion block is in same level.
Fracturing part comprises the pressure break pipe 9, fracturing pump 10, water tank 11 and the hydraulic pressure recorder 12 that pass steel cylinder 2 and curved plate 3 successively.The arc radius of curved plate 3 is identical with sample 13 radius, and arc length is sample 13 radius
doubly, the height of curved plate 3 is identical with sample 13.
The experimental technique of coal seam with gas hydraulic fracturing experiments device of the present invention, comprises following steps:
The coarse coal of collection, rock mass are processed into cylindrical specimens 13;
Be 10 ~ 12mm at a sample 13 center position internal diameter of constructing, length is the pressure break boring 14 of sample 13 diameter half;
Pressure break pipe 9 is stretched in hole and makes 10 ~ 15mm at the bottom of distance hole, pressure break pipe 9 front end, adopt fluid sealant 15 by pressure break boring 14 sealing, by pressure break pipe 9 successively through curved plate 3, steel cylinder 2 and square steelframe 1, and connect fracturing pump 10 and hydraulic pressure recorder 12;
The silica gel 16 of one deck 5 ~ 8mm thickness is smeared at the side surface of sample 13;
After silica gel 16 solidifies, forcing press 17 is utilized to apply the vertical stress of specifying to sample 13, Manual pressure test pump 8 is utilized to inject oil to high pressure capsule 5 or water makes it expand, apply lateral stress by cylindricality cushion block 4 to curved plate 3, and shown the lateral stress value applied by digital display strain gauge 7 in real time;
Utilize fracturing pump 10 to inject water under high pressure to sample 13 and carry out crushing test, utilize hydraulic pressure recorder 12 real time record hydraulic signal.
It should be noted last that, above detailed description of the invention is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a hydraulic fracturing experiments device under column coal body three-dimensional stress, is characterized in that, comprises stress loading part and fracturing part;
Described stress loading part comprises square steelframe, four steel cylinders be connected with square steelframe, before described four steel cylinders lay respectively at column coal body sample, after, left, four orientation, right side, the front end of described four steel cylinders is corresponding respectively installs four curved plates, wherein, the front end of two steel cylinders is directly directly connected with two described curved plates respectively, cylindricality cushion block and high pressure capsule is separately installed with in another two described steel cylinders, described cylindricality cushion block one end is connected with described curved plate, the other end connects described high pressure capsule, the strain gauge that described high pressure capsule is connected by high-pressure rubber pipe and hydraulic test pump,
Described fracturing part comprises the pressure break pipe, fracturing pump, water tank and the hydraulic pressure recorder that pass steel cylinder and curved plate successively.
2. hydraulic fracturing experiments device under column coal body three-dimensional stress according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the arc radius of curved plate is identical with radius of specimen, and arc length is radius of specimen
doubly, the height of curved plate is identical with sample.
3. hydraulic fracturing experiments device under column coal body three-dimensional stress according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the center of gravity of described four curved plates is positioned in same level.
4. hydraulic fracturing experiments device under column coal body three-dimensional stress according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, before two curved plates of described connection cylindricality cushion block lay respectively at column coal body sample, orientation, two, right side, and the center of the steel cylinder of right side and front side, curved plate, cylindricality cushion block is in same level.
5. the experimental technique of hydraulic fracturing experiments device under column coal body three-dimensional stress described in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
The coarse coal of collection, rock mass are processed into cylindrical specimens;
Be 10 ~ 12mm at a sample center position internal diameter of constructing, length is the pressure break boring of specimen finish half;
Pressure break pipe is stretched in hole and makes 10 ~ 15mm at the bottom of distance hole, pressure break pipe front end, adopt fluid sealant by pressure break borehole sealing, by pressure break pipe successively through curved plate, steel cylinder and square steelframe, and connect fracturing pump and hydraulic pressure recorder;
The silica gel of one deck 5 ~ 8mm thickness is smeared at the side surface of sample;
After silica gel solidifies, forcing press is utilized to apply the vertical stress of specifying to sample, utilize Manual pressure test pump to make it expand to high pressure capsule injection oil or water, apply lateral stress by cylindricality cushion block to curved plate, and show applied lateral stress value in real time by digital display strain gauge;
Utilize fracturing pump to inject water under high pressure to sample and carry out crushing test, utilize hydraulic pressure recorder real time record hydraulic signal.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN106053240A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-26 | 河海大学 | Hydraulic fracture simulated experiment design method and device of simultaneously loaded concrete member |
| CN110552674A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-10 | 河南工程学院 | true triaxial contains microorganism coal body fracturing experimental apparatus |
| CN111323307A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-23 | 山东科技大学 | Multi-coal-seam combined fracturing, pressure relief and extraction integrated test method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106053240A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-26 | 河海大学 | Hydraulic fracture simulated experiment design method and device of simultaneously loaded concrete member |
| CN110552674A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-10 | 河南工程学院 | true triaxial contains microorganism coal body fracturing experimental apparatus |
| CN111323307A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-23 | 山东科技大学 | Multi-coal-seam combined fracturing, pressure relief and extraction integrated test method |
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Application publication date: 20150812 |