CN104823556A - Method for facilitating potato seed sprouting and rooting - Google Patents
Method for facilitating potato seed sprouting and rooting Download PDFInfo
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- CN104823556A CN104823556A CN201510292504.XA CN201510292504A CN104823556A CN 104823556 A CN104823556 A CN 104823556A CN 201510292504 A CN201510292504 A CN 201510292504A CN 104823556 A CN104823556 A CN 104823556A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for facilitating potato seed sprouting and rooting and belongs to the field of potato seed planting. The method includes the steps of processing slice faces of potato seeds by an EM (effective microorganisms) bacterium solution, smearing active carbon on the processed slice faces, airing and planting. The method is capable of facilitating potato seed sprouting and rooting effectively and increasing rate of emergence and yield of potatoes and is economic and easy to implement.
Description
Technical field
The method that the present invention relates to stratification and take root, particularly relates to a kind of microorganism formulation and promotes the method that seed potato germinates and takes root to belong to seed potato field of planting.
Background technology
In the cereal crops that the whole world is all, the gross yield rank of potato the 4th, be only second to corn, paddy rice and wheat, it is nutritious, mouthfeel good, production and processing chain length, be a kind of suitability is strong, output is high, nutritious suitable grain, should dish, the crop that should raise, should process, also be the multipurpose crop of grain dish dual-purpose economy recognized in the world and the raw material of industry, potato is one of the main food and vegetable crop of China.
In the process that potatoes is planted year after year, yield and quality declines continuously, reason is wherein many-sided, except natural cause, potato seed is degenerated seriously in addition, variet complexity, culture technique are advanced not, the principal element of the serious restricted farmer income of these undesirable elements.Along with the continuous expansion of cultivated area, potato known at present infects virus about 30 kinds, and different virus infects separately or Combined Infection can cause different symptoms and production loss in different cultivars.Because Potato Breeding system is still unsound, peasant's phenomenon of freely reserving seed for planting is general, cause virus infections area to account for more than 80% of the cultivation gross area, had a strong impact on the seed output and quality of potato, the various diseases of potato become the principal element of restriction Development of Potato Industry.Have disease to occur when potato is in process of growth, meet wet weather year disease heavier, cause potato to produce upper destructive injury, a large amount of underproduction, the sound development that potato produces in serious threat.Invade in stem tuber body in order to reduce pathogen by potato tubers otch, cause unnecessary loss, must carry out disinfection to potato tubers and dicing tools thereof before planting, different sterilization methods, be conducive to promoting that potato emerges in advance, Qi Miao, improve its planting percent, optimize its growth traits and structure of output, improve output and the commodity rate of potato.
For the problems referred to above, be badly in need of finding a kind of method that seed potato germinates and takes root that promotes, improve the output of potato, to utilize development potato planting industry.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method that efficient, safe promotion seed potato germinates and takes root, and for further developing potato planting industry, improving farmers' income provides technical guarantee.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The invention discloses a kind of method that seed potato germinates and takes root that promotes, comprise the following steps: (1) adopts EM bacterium liquid to process potato seed tangent plane; (2) plant after the potato seed airing after process.
Wherein, in step (1), the potato seed tangent plane after the process of employing EM bacterium liquid is smeared active carbon again; Process described in step (1) is that the time of process is 5-10s with EM bacterium immersion bubble potato seed tangent plane; EM bacterium liquid described in step (1) is the EM bacterium liquid of sterilizing.
The extension rate of the EM bacterium liquid described in step (1) is 10-500 times;
Preferably, the extension rate of the EM bacterium liquid described in step (1) is 100 times.
The airing time described in step (2) is 1-3h;
Preferably, the airing time described in step (2) is 2h.
The diluted concentration of the present invention to the EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution of process potato block is screened, result shows, different bacteria suspension concentration is taken root to potato block and is germinateed and has a certain impact, and dilutes the treatment effect of 100 times of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solutions to potato block better.
The present invention smeared active carbon respectively after soaking potato block to EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution and does not smear charcoal treatment, and result shows that smearing active carbon facilitates the germination of seed potato and take root.
The present invention the smeared active carbon airing time after soaking potato block tangent plane to EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution screens, and result shows, the airing time for potato take root and germination has impact, finally selecting the best airing time is 2h.
Technical solution of the present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
The inventive method is simple, is easy to operation, EM bacterium used complexity and stable microbial ecosystem, is convenient to transport, except saving feed, also reduces the spending using the aspects such as antibiotic, hormone and disinfectant, reduce input.In addition, the present invention can effectively promote the germination of seed potato and take root, utilize the method for the invention process seed potato, plantation is to large Tanaka, the emergence rate of potato reaches 100%, single plant yield adds 32.49%, substantially increases emergence rate and the output of potato, obtains considerable economic benefit.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will be more clear along with description.It should be understood that described embodiment is only exemplary, scope of the present invention is not construed as limiting.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can modify to the details of technical solution of the present invention and form or replace down without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but these amendments and replacement all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
EM bacteria preparation used and Potato Cultivars in the embodiment of the present invention:
1, EM bacteria preparation: the EM stoste adopting Japanese import, buys in Beijing Bai Feng bio tech ltd all over the world, is mainly made up of the large flora of Bacillus acidi lactici, saccharomycete and photosynthetic bacteria three.
2, Potato Cultivars: gram new 13 (being provided by Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences), vegetative period is 90d.
Embodiment 1
Adopt 10 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution to soak seed potato tangent plane 5s, plant after airing 1h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 2.17 and 2.67,10d, mean germination is respectively 3.00 and 7.00 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 2
Adopt 10 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution to soak seed potato tangent plane 7s, plant after airing 2h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 2.33 and 3.00,10d, mean germination is respectively 3.17 and 7.17 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 3
Adopt 10 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution to soak seed potato tangent plane 10s, plant after airing 3h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 2.00 and 2.33,10d, mean germination is respectively 2.83 and 7.00 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 4
Adopt 100 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution to soak seed potato tangent plane 5s, plant after airing 1h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 4.67 and 7.67,10d, mean germination is respectively 6.83 and 17.00 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 5
Adopt 100 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution to soak seed potato tangent plane 7s, plant after airing 2h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 5.00 and 8.17,10d, mean germination is respectively 7.17 and 17.67 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 6
Adopt 100 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution to soak seed potato tangent plane 10s, plant after airing 3h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 4.17 and 7.50,10d, mean germination is respectively 6.67 and 16.33 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 7
Adopt 500 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution to soak seed potato tangent plane 5s, plant after airing 1h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 1.83 and 2.83,10d, mean germination is respectively 2.17 and 5.00 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 8
Adopt 500 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution to soak seed potato tangent plane 6s, plant after airing 2h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 2.17 and 3.00,10d, mean germination is respectively 2.50 and 5.17 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 9
Adopt 500 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution to soak seed potato tangent plane 7s, plant after airing 3h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 1.67 and 2.50,10d, mean germination is respectively 2.17 and 4.67 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 10
10 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution are adopted to soak seed potato tangent plane 8s, active carbon smeared by tangent plane after treatment, be advisable to fill completely, plant after airing 2h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 3.17 and 4.00,10d, mean germination is respectively 5.00 and 10.33 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 11
100 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution are adopted to soak seed potato tangent plane 9s, active carbon smeared by tangent plane after treatment, be advisable to fill completely, plant after airing 2h, after after 5d, mean germination and the number of taking root are respectively 6.50 and 11.33,10d, mean germination is respectively 9.83 and 20.50 with the number of taking root.
Embodiment 12
500 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution are adopted to soak seed potato tangent plane 10s, active carbon smeared by tangent plane after treatment, be advisable to fill completely, plant after airing 2h, after 5d, mean germination is respectively 2.50 and 4.00 with the number of taking root, and after 10, mean germination are respectively 3.33 and 6.33 with the number of taking root.
The screening test of experimental example 1 EM bacteria preparation extension rate
1. experimental technique
Seed potato tangent plane 5-10s is soaked respectively with dilution 10,30,50,80,100,120,150,200,250,300,350,400,450,500 times of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solutions, each process 50 potato seeds, if two repetitions, plantation, in basin, is carried out potato block and is taken root and the investigation of germination in indoor.Select common field soil, without any process, when planting 5d, 10d, 3 potato blocks are dug out in each process at random, the germinative number of investigation potato block, the quantity of adventive root.
2, result of the test
The root tool of variable concentrations EM bacteria preparation to potato block has a certain impact.Investigate the germination of potato block, the situation of adventive root, result is as shown in table 1, and as can be seen from Table 1, planting 5d generally and be less than the potato block germination of plantation 10d and number of taking root, is not that the higher effect of EM bacteria preparation concentration is better.When diluted concentration is less than 100 times, germinative number and indefinite radical are in downward trend along with the reduction of extension rate generally; When extension rate reaches 100 times, germinative number and indefinite radical all reach maximum; When extension rate is greater than 100, germinative number and indefinite radical are in downward trend along with the increase of extension rate generally.Comprehensive germination and the variation tendency of taking root, filtering out comparatively suitable extension rate is 100 times.
Table 1 EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution process potato block germinates and condition survey of taking root
The impact test that experimental example 2 active carbon germinates on potato block and takes root
1. experimental technique
Seed potato tangent plane 5-10s is soaked by adopting 100 times of dilutions of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution, be divided into two groups, often organize 50 potato seeds, if twice repetition, active carbon smeared by one group of tangent plane after treatment, is advisable to fill completely, one group of tangent plane does not after treatment smear active carbon, plant respectively in basin, carry out potato block in indoor and take root and the investigation of germination.Select common field soil, without any process, when planting 5d, 10d, 3 potato blocks are dug out in each process at random, the germinative number of investigation potato block, the quantity of adventive root.
2, experimental result
Smearing of active carbon has certain effect for the germination of potato and the raising tool of rooting rate.This test smears the process of active carbon to the potato block after 100 times of dilution process of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution.Experimental result is in table 2, and from table 2, the potato seed of smearing active carbon after process 5d and 10d, than not smearing the germination of potato seed of active carbon and number all height of taking root, shows that smearing active carbon can promote that potato takes root and germinates.
Table 2 charcoal treatment potato block germinates and condition survey of taking root
The screening test of experimental example 3 airing time
1. experimental technique
To on the potato block tangent plane after the process of EM bacterium liquid, after smearing active carbon, adopt the different airing time, be respectively not airing (0h), 1h, 2h, 3h, after airing, carry out potted plant growth, the change of potato block is observed.
2. experimental result
The airing of certain hour is taken root for potato seed and is germinateed and has certain facilitation, and suitable airing has protective effect to potato seed.This test carries out different airing time-triggered protocol after smearing active carbon to the potato block tangent plane after the process of EM bacterium liquid, can be found out by the state of observing potato block tangent plane, the airing time is more than after 2h, potato block can show the phenomenon of shrinking dehydration, may be potato block when exposing, moisture more in active carbon sucking-off potato block, causes moisture in potato block and runs off in a large number, therefore, 2h is defined as to the airing time of potato block.
Experimental example 4 potato field production is tested
1, experimental technique
Potato seed is divided into two groups, often organizes 100 potato blocks, one group be left intact (control group),
With after diluting 100 times of EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution process potato blocks, smear active carbon, after airing 2h, carry out field production test respectively, adopt normal field management for one group.When after planting 45d, 60d, 75d, 90d, investigation emergence rate and output.
2, experimental result
Seed potato emergence rate the results are shown in Table 3, experimental group emergence rate compared with control group obviously increases as can be seen from Table 3, reaches 100%, exceedes 31% of control group; Seed potato output the results are shown in Table 4, as can be seen from Table 4, experimental group compares with control group, and single plant yield obviously increases, output increases reaches 32.49%, illustrates that the EM bacteria preparation sterilized solution diluting 100 times can significantly improve single plant yield to seed potato process.
Table 3 seed potato emergence rate situation
Table 4 seed potato output condition
Claims (9)
1. promote to it is characterized in that the method that seed potato germinates and takes root: comprise the following steps: (1) adopts EM bacterium liquid to process potato seed tangent plane; (2) plant after the potato seed airing after process.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (1), the potato seed tangent plane after the process of employing EM bacterium liquid is smeared process with active carbon again.
3. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the process described in step (1) is with EM bacterium immersion bubble potato seed tangent plane.
4. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the EM bacterium liquid described in step (1) is the EM bacterium liquid of sterilizing.
5. in accordance with the method for claim 3, it is characterized in that: the time of EM bacterium immersion bubble potato seed tangent plane is 5-10s.
6., according to the method for claim 1-5 described in any one, it is characterized in that: the extension rate of described EM bacterium liquid be 10-500 doubly.
7. in accordance with the method for claim 6, it is characterized in that: the extension rate of described EM bacterium liquid is 100 times.
8. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described airing time is 1-3h.
9. in accordance with the method for claim 8, it is characterized in that: the described airing time is 2h.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106008090A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 凤台县农之梦家庭农场有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for rapid rooting and sprouting of potato and preparation method thereof |
| CN106258409A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 松桃苗族自治县土肥站 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched sweet potato |
| CN108249967A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-06 | 东北农业大学 | Organic fertilizer and its application for seed potato cultivation |
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| CN104098389A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-10-15 | 阜阳市颍泉区涌泉种植专业合作社 | Rooting promoting composite coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104322360A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-02-04 | 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Potato water culture seedling root growth promoting method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106008090A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 凤台县农之梦家庭农场有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for rapid rooting and sprouting of potato and preparation method thereof |
| CN106258409A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 松桃苗族自治县土肥站 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-enriched sweet potato |
| CN108249967A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-06 | 东北农业大学 | Organic fertilizer and its application for seed potato cultivation |
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