CN104821593A - Low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent adjustment system and distribution method - Google Patents
Low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent adjustment system and distribution method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent adjustment system and a distribution method are provided. The system comprises a low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent adjustment system host (2) and low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent adjustment system terminals (4-12). The low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent adjustment system host is installed at a low-voltage end of a distribution transformer, and the low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent adjustment system terminals are installed at a load end. The host and the terminals are connected through wireless communication. The system host is used for monitoring the magnitude and change of the current of each phase of a bus and the magnitude and change of the current of each branch main line of the distribution transformer in real time, analyzing the main causes of three-phase current unbalance and making a decision on how to redistribute the load according to the actual condition so as to keep the degree of unbalance between the currents of the bus and the branch main lines output by the low-voltage distribution transformer within a set range. The system terminals are used for executing a command of the system host to realize load phase identification and automatic switching and ensure that the three-phase load of the low-voltage distribution transformer runs within a specified degree-of-unbalance range.
Description
Technical field
A kind of low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system of the present invention and distribution method, belong to electric power system power distribution technical field of automation, mainly solve the three-phase imbalance problem of low-voltage distribution transformer.
Background technology
The end user of low-voltage distribution transformer electric power system comprises a large amount of single-phase loads, especially business and civilian installation: as air-conditioning, computer, electric heater, refrigerator, illumination and various household electrical appliance etc., its quantity gets more and more, power is increasing, adds that the seasonality of electricity consumption and randomness all can cause the dynamic unbalance of three-phase load more and more serious.
As everyone knows, three-phase load unbalance, the harm brought to electric power system is very serious.First harm is that three-phase load unbalance causes line loss to increase, and the numerical value that line loss increases is directly proportional to current squaring.Three-phase load unbalance, the second largest harm brought to electric power system is that transformer produces additional iron losses.
Three-phase load unbalance, the third-largest harm brought to electric power system produces additional copper loss, and additional copper loss increase can cause transformer to generate heat, and reduces the operational efficiency of transformer.Three-phase load unbalance, the fourth-largest harm brought to electric power system produces variation.
Therefore, invent a kind of low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system to be necessary very much, its real time monitoring low-voltage distribution transformer bus each phase current size and real-time change situation and each phase current size of each branch main line and real-time change situation, gather the load parameter of all terminals of native system subordinate, decision-making next step should how again optimum allocation load, the current unbalance factor of the bus that low-voltage distribution transformer is exported and each master, branch line remains in setting range.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, in order to solve the three-phase imbalance problem that low-voltage distribution transformer load exists, each phase load can be realized at alternate dynamic conditioning, low-voltage distribution transformer output bus three-phase current and each branch main line three-phase current is made to remain at basic dynamic balance state, improve transformer operational efficiency, reduce line loss, thus make low-voltage distribution transformer real time execution in optimum state.
Controling parameter of the present invention is three-phase current unbalance degree.
The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is, a kind of low-voltage distribution transformer load of the present invention intelligent regulating system comprises:
Low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system main frame, for Real-Time Monitoring low-voltage distribution transformer bus three-phase current size and real-time change situation and each branch main line three-phase current size and real-time change situation, analyze the main cause producing three-phase current unbalance, the load parameter information of each system terminal of Real-time Collection, how to redistribute load according to actual conditions decision-making, the current unbalance factor of the bus that low-voltage distribution transformer is exported and each master, branch line remains in setting range;
Low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminal, for gathering contained load current amount, and uploads to main frame; Executive system main frame transmitting order to lower levels, realizes load phase place and differentiates and automatically switch.
Low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system is made up of a system host and some system terminals.
Described low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system main frame is made up of real-time load data acquisition module, main control module, display control module, communication module and CDMA uploading data module.Real-time Load acquisition module gathers low-voltage distribution transformer three-phase output current, is sent to main control module after conversion; Main control module connects each terminal by communication module; Main control module connects display module, the real-time distribution transforming output information of visual output.Low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system main frame of the present invention and some low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminals form low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system, export for Real-Time Monitoring low-voltage distribution transformer, monitor each phase load curent change, and response is made to distribution transforming three-phase current unbalance situation, regulate in three alternate switchings by controlling the contained load of each low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminal, the current unbalance factor of the bus exported to make low-voltage distribution transformer and each main branch connections reaches setting index.
Described low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminal is made up of real-time load data acquisition module, main control module, three-phase composite switch module and communication module.Real-time Load acquisition module gathers contained customer charge voltage, current data is sent to main control module after conversion; Main control module connects main frame by communication module, accepts host computer control signal; After main control module accepts host computer control signal, through conversion, three-phase composite switch is controlled.
Present system real-time tracking load variations, again each phase load size of reasonable distribution at any time, the current unbalance factor of the bus that low-voltage distribution transformer is exported and each master, branch line remains in setting range, thus improves transformer operational efficiency and life-span, reduces line loss.
The low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminal of present system have employed power magnetic force keeping relay as three-phase composite switch, not only greatly through-flow, more has the power consumption when static state to be the characteristics of energy saving of zero.
Present system have employed Intelligent learning type main frame, improves the reasonability of native system load smart allocation.The switching times of institute's tape terminal can be reported to the management platform at rear by CDMA uploading data module, understand the performance state of each system terminal at any time, ensure the reliability service of whole system.
A kind of low-voltage distribution transformer load of the present invention intelligent regulating system distribution method is as follows:
(1) to low-voltage distribution transformer output, a system host is installed, system host is used for each phase current size of real time monitoring low-voltage distribution transformer bus and real-time change situation, with each phase current size of each branch main line and real-time change situation, analyze the situation of the main cause producing three-phase current unbalance, go out how to redistribute load according to actual conditions decision-making, the current unbalance factor of the bus that low-voltage distribution transformer is exported and each main branch connections remains in setting range; Described system terminal, for gathering contained load current amount and uploading to main frame, executive system main frame transmitting order to lower levels, realizes load phase place and differentiates and automatically switch;
(2) by communication module, make main frame and terminal keep communicating, electric current and the place of each terminate load of Real-time Collection are separate; The data acquisition command reporting system main frame issued by main frame, and be strictly consistent with host record;
(3) when low-voltage distribution transformer load capacity exceedes certain definite value, by formula Iun=[⊿ Imax (∣ Ia-Iavg ∣ ， ∣ Ib-Iavg ∣ ， ∣ Ib-Iavg ∣)/Iavg] × 100% calculating degree of unbalance; When degree of unbalance exceedes certain definite value, think that system occurs uneven, and make load optimal correction strategy; Wherein, Iavg is the mean value of 3 phase total currents; Iun is the current unbalance factor calculated in real time;
(4) log-on data capture program immediately after system terminal energising, size and the place of constantly detecting this terminate load load are separate, and are stored in terminal CPU(U6 by certain stipulations) in, wait for that main frame reads;
(5) when main frame sends " wanting data " or " switching " order by communication module, terminal CPU(U1) perform Host Command immediately: if " wanting data ", then by the data format of agreement, data are issued main frame; If will " switch ", then undertaken by following program: close controllable silicon-disconnection JZ-disconnection controllable silicon--switch-conjunction controllable silicon-conjunction JZ-disconnection controllable silicon that main frame requirement of closing is closed;
After each step of said process all confirms, side performs next step; Then main frame is reported by switching result.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the present invention is using current unbalance factor as controling parameter, by difference installation system main frame and system terminal on low-voltage distribution transformer and each branch line, adopt low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system distribution method, can according to the unbalance condition of distribution transformer load, in real time phase place is switched to part uncompensated load, ensure that low-voltage distribution transformer three-phase load runs within the scope of the degree of unbalance of regulation.The invention solves the problem causing power wastage due to low-voltage distribution transformer three-phase imbalance, substantially increase operational efficiency and the useful life of low-voltage distribution transformer.Main frame and the terminal of low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system of the present invention all adopt cmos element, and Overall Power Consumption is low, and normal operation only needs about 1W, and use cost is extremely low.
The present invention is applicable to the distribution intelligent automation of low-voltage power system distribution transforming.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is system assignment principle topological diagram;
In figure: 1 is distribution transforming; 2 is system host; 3 is wiring cabinet;
4/5/6 is terminal 11 ~ terminal 1n; 7/8/9 is terminal 21 ~ terminal 2n; 10/11/12 is terminal n 1 ~ terminal n n;
S1/S2 ~ Sn is that separated time load data gathers CT plug; P1/P2 ~ Pn is that separated time load data gathers CT socket;
Fig. 2 is system host CPU master control schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is 485 Principle of Communication figure; Fig. 4 is wireless telecommunications schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is CDMA uploading data schematic diagram; Fig. 6 is system terminal CPU governor circuit figure;
Fig. 7 is control relay circuit figure; Fig. 8 is silicon controlled module control circuit figure;
Fig. 9 is power supply governor circuit figure.
Embodiment
The embodiment of low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system of the present invention and distribution method as shown in Figure 1.
As shown in Figure 1, at low-voltage distribution transformer output bus and each tap-out terminal, low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system main frame and terminal are installed respectively.Fig. 2 is system host CPU main control module schematic diagram, adopts PIC18F87J9 chip; Fig. 6 is system terminal main control module cpu circuit figure, adopts PICLF1946 chip.
System host is write to each other by radio communication circuit and 485 communications and system terminal, system terminal is to each phase current size of system host transmitting terminal and real-time change information, accept the instruction that system host is sent, end loads is regulated, make three-phase current reach balance.As shown in Figure 4,485 communications as shown in Figure 3 for radio communication circuit.
System terminal to system host uploading data as shown in Figure 5.
Control relay circuit as shown in Figure 7, after system terminal main control module receives the switching command of system host, controls three-phase composite switch by control relay circuit, switches load.
As shown in Figure 9, the silicon controlled module control circuit of system as shown in Figure 8 for the power supply governor circuit of system.
The concrete implementation step of sharing of load of the present invention is as follows:
(1) by installing learning-oriented system host, system host is used for each phase current size of real time monitoring low-voltage distribution transformer bus and real-time change situation, with each phase current size of each branch main line and real-time change situation, analyze the situation of the main cause producing three-phase current unbalance, go out how distribution system terminal is installed on Mei Tiao branch main line according to actual conditions decision-making.
(2) system host and terminal belonging to native system is made to keep communicating, the load current of each system terminal of Real-time Collection and separate parameter; The each phase current size of simultaneity factor main frame Real-time Collection this TV station low-voltage distribution transformer bus, and each phase current size of each branch main line, and the Zong Rong Liang ⊿ S being calculated as follows out distribution transforming present load:
⊿S=Ia×Ua+Ib×Ub+Ic×Uc
Wherein, Ia, Ib, Ic are each phase total current that low-voltage distribution transformer bus exports, and Ua, Ub, Uc are the terminal voltage that low-voltage distribution transformer respectively exports mutually;
As the capacity S of the Zong Rong Liang ⊿ S>=transformer of distribution transforming load
0when × 20%, be calculated as follows current unbalance factor Iun:
Iun=[⊿Imax (∣Ia-Iavg∣,∣Ib-Iavg∣,∣Ic-Iavg∣)/ Iavg]×100%。
Wherein, S
0for the capacity of transformer; Iavg is the mean value of three-phase total current, Iavg=(Ia+Ib+Ic)/3; Iun is the current unbalance factor calculated in real time, to get in three-phase current with the absolute value of the maximum of three-phase current mean value difference divided by current average;
(3) establish when current unbalance factor Iun≤15%, or other setting range.Namely think that system is in non-equilibrium state, reply load adjusts;
(4) main frame sends data acquisition command by communication module, gathers the current load size of current of each terminal and separate parameter one by one and stores, until all for native system terminal datas are gathered complete;
(5) to calculate out ∣ Ia-Iavg ∣ current differential maximum by public formula ∣ Ia-Iavg ∣, ∣ Ib-Iavg ∣, ∣ Ic-Iavg ∣ for main frame, and ∣ Ic-Iavg ∣ is minimum, and this just means should reduce A phase load, increases C phase load and system power just can be made to balance.Main frame calculates the size of current I ˊ that will switch by master cpu, in conjunction with all end loads data by comparison method, find out the terminal number of optimal switching, and sends corresponding switching command;
(6) if after above-mentioned calculating, can not find " after switching certain phase load, Iun ˊ≤15% " this result, the terminal quantity that proof system is installed very little, does not carry out load switching, simultaneously at certain special symbol of liquid crystal screen display, to show prompting.
Produce unbalanced reason possibility Hai You ∣ Ia-Iavg ∣ great ， ∣ Ib-Iavg ∣ little; ∣ Ib-Iavg ∣ great ， ∣ Ia-Iavg ∣ little ， Huo ∣ Ib-Iavg ∣ great ， ∣ Ic-Iavg ∣ is little; Several situations such as ∣ Ic-Iavg ∣ great ， ∣ Ia-Iavg ∣ little ， Huo ∣ Ic-Iavg ∣ great ， ∣ Ib-Iavg ∣ is little, its processing method principle same as above.
Claims (7)
1. a low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system, is characterized in that, described system comprises:
Low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system main frame, for Real-Time Monitoring low-voltage distribution transformer bus three-phase current size and real-time change situation and each branch main line three-phase current size and real-time change situation, analyze the main cause producing three-phase current unbalance, how to redistribute load according to actual conditions decision-making, the current unbalance factor of the bus that low-voltage distribution transformer is exported and each master, branch line remains in setting range;
Low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminal, for gathering contained load current amount, and uploads to main frame; Executive system main frame transmitting order to lower levels, realizes load phase place and differentiates and automatically switch;
Described low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system main frame is installed on the low-pressure end of distribution transforming; Described low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminal installation load end; Main frame is connected by wireless telecommunications with terminal.
2. a kind of low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system main frame is made up of real-time load data acquisition module, main control module, display control module, communication module and CDMA uploading data module; Real-time Load acquisition module gathers low-voltage distribution transformer three-phase output current, is sent to main control module after conversion; Main control module connects each terminal by communication module; Main control module connects display module, the real-time distribution transforming output information of visual output; Described low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system main frame and some low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminals form low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system, export for Real-Time Monitoring low-voltage distribution transformer, monitor each phase load curent change, and response is made to distribution transforming three-phase current unbalance situation, regulate in three alternate switchings by controlling the contained load of each low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminal, the current unbalance factor of the bus exported to make low-voltage distribution transformer and each main branch connections reaches setting index.
3. a kind of low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminal is made up of real-time load data acquisition module, main control module, three-phase composite switch module and communication module; Real-time Load acquisition module gathers contained customer charge voltage, current data is sent to main control module after conversion; Main control module connects main frame by communication module, accepts host computer control signal; After main control module accepts host computer control signal, through conversion, three-phase composite switch is controlled.
4. a kind of low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described system real-time tracking load variations, again each phase load size of reasonable distribution at any time, the current unbalance factor of the bus that low-voltage distribution transformer is exported and each master, branch line remains in setting range, thus improve transformer operational efficiency and life-span, reduce line loss.
5. a kind of low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system terminal of described system have employed power magnetic force keeping relay as three-phase composite switch, not only greatly through-flow, more there is the power consumption when static state to be the characteristics of energy saving of zero.
6. a kind of low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described system have employed Intelligent learning type main frame, improves the reasonability of native system load smart allocation; The switching times of institute's tape terminal can be reported to the management platform at rear by CDMA uploading data module, understand the performance state of each system terminal at any time, ensure the reliability service of whole system.
7. a low-voltage distribution transformer load intelligent regulating system distribution method, is characterized in that, described method is:
(1) to low-voltage distribution transformer output, a system host is installed, system host is used for each phase current size of real time monitoring low-voltage distribution transformer bus and real-time change situation, with each phase current size of each branch main line and real-time change situation, analyze the situation of the main cause producing three-phase current unbalance, go out how to redistribute load according to actual conditions decision-making, the current unbalance factor of the bus that low-voltage distribution transformer is exported and each main branch connections remains in setting range; Described system terminal, for gathering contained load current amount and uploading to main frame, executive system main frame transmitting order to lower levels, realizes load phase place and differentiates and automatically switch;
(2) by communication module, make main frame and terminal keep communicating, electric current and the place of each terminate load of Real-time Collection are separate; The data acquisition command reporting system main frame issued by main frame, and be strictly consistent with host record;
(3) when low-voltage distribution transformer load capacity exceedes certain definite value, by formula Iun=[⊿ Imax (∣ Ia-Iavg ∣ ， ∣ Ib-Iavg ∣ ， ∣ Ib-Iavg ∣)/Iavg] × 100% calculating degree of unbalance; When degree of unbalance exceedes certain definite value, think that system occurs uneven, and make load optimal correction strategy; Wherein, Iavg is the mean value of three-phase total current; Iun is the current unbalance factor calculated in real time;
(4) log-on data capture program immediately after system terminal energising, size and the place of constantly detecting this terminate load load are separate, and are stored in terminal CPU by certain stipulations, wait for that main frame reads;
(5) when main frame sends " wanting data " or " switching " order by communication module, terminal CPU performs Host Command immediately: if " wanting data ", then by the data format of agreement, data are issued main frame; If will " switch ", then undertaken by following program: close controllable silicon-disconnection JZ-disconnection controllable silicon--switch-conjunction controllable silicon-conjunction JZ-disconnection controllable silicon that main frame requirement of closing is closed;
After each step of said process all confirms, side performs next step; Then main frame is reported by switching result.
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| CN105226684A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-06 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | A kind of low voltage electric network three-phase imbalance control method based on phase-change switch |
| CN105406495A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-16 | 张鑫 | Load phase modulation system for 0.4KV power distribution network |
| CN105633985A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-06-01 | 国家电网公司 | Intelligent balance adjusting method for three-phase load unbalance |
| CN106130045A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2016-11-16 | 国网天津宝坻供电有限公司 | A kind of method of regulating platform district three-phase load unbalance |
| CN106936144A (en) * | 2017-05-07 | 2017-07-07 | 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of power distribution station three-phase power balance device and method of self-adaptive regulating |
| CN107634527A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-01-26 | 中气电力装备有限公司 | A kind of regulating system for administering distribute-electricity transformer district three-phase imbalance |
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Application publication date: 20150805 |