CN104821372A - Shearing-type piezoelectric composite material - Google Patents
Shearing-type piezoelectric composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104821372A CN104821372A CN201510260249.0A CN201510260249A CN104821372A CN 104821372 A CN104821372 A CN 104821372A CN 201510260249 A CN201510260249 A CN 201510260249A CN 104821372 A CN104821372 A CN 104821372A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)titanium;lead(2+) Chemical group [Pb+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a shearing-type piezoelectric composite material. The outermost two layers of the composite material structure are flexible insulated thin films, the middle layer is a piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite layer, and interdigital electrodes are arranged between the middle layer and the flexible insulated thin films; the positive electrode finger parts and the negative electrode finger parts of the interdigital electrodes are arranged alternatively at equal distances, and the upper interdigital electrode and the lower interdigital electrode are in mirror symmetry and aligned; the finger parts of the interdigital electrodes are parallel to the piezoelectric phase of the piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite layer, and the electrode finger parts are located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the edge of the piezoelectric phase and epoxy resin joining surface; and the piezoelectric phase polarization direction is a direction vertical with the composite layer plane. The sheet piezoelectric composite material provided by the invention is thin in thickness, compact in structure, can fit a curved surface structure, can realize a certain degree of flexible deformation, and can be made into a driver, a sensor and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material.
Background technology
In more than ten years in the past, the various adaptive structure with the function such as structural health self diagnosis, environment self-adaption, certainly monitoring becomes study hotspot, and this class set main structure, transducer and driver are widely used in the fields such as structure detection, collection of energy and vibration control in the composite construction of one.And piezoelectric ceramic, the features such as, electomechanical response high by means of its energy density is changed soon, actuating force is large become the actuator material that in adaptive structure, range of application is the widest.
Piezoelectric ceramic produces distortion under DC Electric Field, is a kind of functional material that can realize electric energy and changes mechanical energy.The deformation direction of piezoelectric ceramic has close relationship with the direction of extra electric field: when extra electric field direction is parallel with its polarised direction, then piezoelectric ceramic can produce along polarised direction (d
33piezoelectric effect) and perpendicular to polarised direction (d
31piezoelectric effect) distortion, this is the axial piezoelectric effect that make use of piezoelectric ceramic; When extra electric field direction is vertical with its polarised direction, then piezoelectric ceramic can produce a pure shear (d
15piezoelectric effect) distortion, this is the shearing piezoelectric effect that make use of piezoelectric ceramic.
Now widely used piezoelectric device is the d based on piezoelectric ceramic mostly
33piezoelectric effect and d
31piezoelectric effect design.In vibration suppression or adaptive control field, usually this kind of piezoelectric device is directly pasted on agent structure surface, by the stretcher strain of piezoelectric ceramic, main structure is controlled.The type of drive of this surface mount makes piezoelectric device be easy to when being subject to the percussion of external load fracture occurs and peels off.And, when larger flexural deformation occurs structure, the stress born due to body structure surface is maximum, and the piezoelectric device being therefore pasted onto body structure surface also will bear higher bending stress, very easily cause piezoelectric ceramic to rupture, piezoelectric device was lost efficacy when structure generation large deformation.The operational environment being in stress state for a long time also can cause piezoelectric ceramic stress tired and lose efficacy, thus reduces the life-span of piezoelectric device.
For above situation, Sun and Zhang of Aero-Space institute of Purdue Univ-West Lafayette USA proposes a kind of self-adapting intelligent structure utilizing piezoelectric ceramic shearing effect to realize.Piezoelectric ceramic thin sheet is placed in the centre of two pieces of agent structure panels by this structure, and the driving direction of an electric field putting on piezoelectric ceramic is vertical with its polarised direction, pure shear distortion occurs thus the distortion of control subject structure at electric field action lower piezoelectric pottery.Under shearing work pattern, on the one hand, piezoelectric device is in structure neutral line position, even if larger distortion occurs agent structure, the stress level that piezoelectric device bears is still very low, and therefore the piezoelectric device of this shear mode has long service life, the advantage such as incrust.On the other hand, the shearing piezoelectric constant d of general piezoelectric ceramic
15numerically than d
31and d
33all much bigger, under identical driving current field condition, the ess-strain that shearing-type piezoelectric device produces is larger.The follow-up study of the people such as Sun and Benjeddou shows, compared to the device utilizing axial piezoelectric effect, utilize the agent structure vibration suppression ability of shearing-type piezoelectric device better, its integrated machine electric coupling coefficient be the former more than 3 times, additional damping be the former more than 12 times, amount of decrease degree be the former more than 2 times.Therefore, the application prospect of shearing-type piezoelectric device in the field such as vibration control, collection of energy more and more causes the extensive concern of researcher.
Although shearing-type piezoelectric device shows application prospect in adaptive structure, the fragility of piezoceramic material still limits its range of application, particularly at curved surface and membrane structure control field.In order to address this problem, Kranz has relied on German Smart Material Inc. for a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material, is composited, as shown in Figure 1 by piezoelectric ceramic fibers, resin, copper electrode and upper and lower surface flexible insulation polyimide film.In this composite material, the polarised direction of piezoelectric fabric is length direction, is applied the operating voltage of through-thickness, make use of the shearing piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric by copper electrode.And the polymeric matrix of coated piezoelectric fabric can be compound and provides structural integrity, the antibody Monoclonal ability of piezoelectric fabric can be increased substantially by stress transfer mechanism, overcome the brittleness problems of piezoelectric ceramic well.So this material to be a kind of thickness thin, lightweight, the shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material of significantly bending and torsion can be carried out.But structure needs to apply higher polarizing voltage; Use higher polarizing voltage to have higher requirement to polarizer apparatus on the one hand, also can bring certain hidden danger on the other hand, harm personal security.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the existing structure of shearing-type piezoelectric and the advantage of aspect of performance and deficiency, propose a kind of new compact conformation, what polarizing voltage was low can fit curved-surface structure also realizes the shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material of to a certain degree plastic deformation.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The structure of shearing-type piezoelectric of the present invention be outermost two-layer be flexible dielectric films, intermediate layer is piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed, is interdigited electrode between intermediate layer and flexible dielectric films; Positive pole finger and the negative pole finger of described interdigited electrode replace equidistant arrangement, and upper and lower two interdigited electrodes are Mirror Symmetry, and align; The finger of described interdigited electrode is parallel with the piezoelectric phase of piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed, and electrode finger is positioned at the upper and lower surface at piezoelectric phase and epoxy resin faying face edge; Piezoelectric phase polarised direction is the direction perpendicular to composite bed plane.
Piezo-electricity composite material proposed by the invention is respectively polyimide film from top to bottom, interdigited electrode, piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed, interdigited electrode, polyimide film.Preferably, piezoelectric phase is lead titanate piezoelectric ceramics (PZT), and piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed is the overall structure of a chip.
Piezoelectric phase of the present invention/epoxy resin composite bed forms by the epoxy resin between fibrous piezoelectric phase planar arranged in parallel and adjacent fiber is alternate.The piezoelectric phase cross section of described composite bed is rectangle.The width of the piezoelectric phase of described composite bed is equal with the spacing of two piezoelectric phases.
The present invention is preferred, and electrode material is copper.
In the present invention's preferred piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed, the width of piezoelectric fabric is all equal with the finger spacing of interdigited electrode with fiber spacing, and all electrode fingers are positioned at the upper and lower surface at piezoelectric phase and epoxy resin faying face edge, as shown in Figure 2.Compound perpendicular to machine direction sectional view as shown in Figure 3.
As a further improvement on the present invention, each piezoelectric phase width is greater than the spacing of two piezoelectric phases, thus improves the volume fraction of piezoelectric phase in composite material, enhances the piezoelectric property of composite material.Interdigited electrode positive pole finger and negative pole finger replace Unequal distance arrangement, but all electrode fingers are still positioned at the upper and lower surface at piezoelectric phase and epoxy resin faying face edge.
As a further improvement on the present invention, piezoelectric phase width is less than the spacing of two piezoelectric phases, thus improves the volume fraction of composite material epoxy resin, enhances the flexibility of composite material.Corresponding interdigited electrode positive pole finger and negative pole finger replace Unequal distance arrangement, but all electrode fingers are still positioned at the upper and lower surface at piezoelectric phase and epoxy resin faying face edge.
As a further improvement on the present invention, piezoelectric phase can be lead magnesio-niobate lead titanates (PMN-PT), Kynoar (PVDF), potassium-sodium niobate (KNN) or other piezoelectrics, then final obtained piezo-electricity composite material has better piezoelectricity, or better flexible, or better environment friendly.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the epoxy resin in piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed can be substituted by other flexible insulating materials such as silica gel, rubber.
As a further improvement on the present invention, electrode material can be other conductive materials such as silver-colored, golden.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the binding agent of bonding polyimide film, electrode and piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed can be epoxy resin, AB glue or other seccotines.
Interdigited electrode is printed onto on polyimide film by the preparation method of above-mentioned flexible piezoelectric composite material, is printed onto on polyimide film by interdigited electrode, then bonds with piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed.
The preparation method of another kind of flexible piezoelectric composite material is upper and lower surface interdigited electrode and interdigited electrode being printed onto piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed, then bonds with polyimide film and polyimide film.
In all above-mentioned preparation methods, described electrode is compounded in the upper and lower surface of piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed or polyimide film by methods such as silk screen printing, plating, magnetron sputtering or chemical depositions.
In all above-mentioned preparation methods, piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed is by method preparations such as cutting-completion method, the tape casting or extrusion moldings.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Inventor finds to adopt composite material that structure of the present invention obtains, and not only has less operating voltage equally, and its polarizing voltage also significantly reduces.The piezoelectric ceramic piece of required polarization can be prepared easily by conventional cutting-completion method.The present invention by piezoelectric fabric, resin, electrode by Film laminated together, makes composite material have higher integration, easy to use.The present invention effectively can also regulate the operating voltage range of final material, thus adapts to different operational environments, and the present invention has the adjustable range of more wide in range operating voltage relative to the composite material of prior art.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material prepared by prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the interface schematic diagram of single fiber in the piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material of the present invention;
Number in the figure letter P represents the polarised direction of piezoelectric fabric.
Fig. 4 is the process chart that cutting-completion method prepares piezoelectric fabric.
Number in the figure 1 is polyimide film, and 2 is interdigited electrode, and 3 is piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed, and 4 is piezoelectric fabric, and 5 is epoxy resin, and 6 is interdigited electrode finger.
Embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and this embodiment only for explaining the present invention, does not form limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Lead titanate piezoelectric ceramics is processed into the thin slice of 30mm × 10mm × 0.5mm, electrode is made at upper and lower surface coating silver slurry after cleaning-drying, apply the polarizing voltage of 1.5kV, thus make it polarize along thickness direction at the polarized electric field of thickness direction acquisition 3kV/mm.Utilize cutting machine to cut it, obtain by selecting the blade of suitable thickness and arranging cutting spacing the piezoelectric ceramic fibers array that a fiber width and fiber spacing are equal to 0.5mm.In array, fill E-51 epoxy resin, obtain the lead zirconate titanate/E-51 epoxy resin composite bed 3 of 30mm × 10mm × 0.18mm after solidification through reduction processing, the ag paste electrode of original piezoelectric ceramic upper and lower surface coating is in the process worn away.Utilize silk screen print method to be printed onto on polyimide film by interdigited electrode, positive pole finger and the negative pole finger spacing of interdigited electrode are 0.5mm, and interdigited electrode is Mirror Symmetry up and down.This perfecting is brushed with the polyimide film of interdigited electrode with E-51 epoxy resin again and lead zirconate titanate/E-51 epoxy resin composite bed bonds, upper and lower interdigited electrode is kept to align, lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric fibers parallel in finger and lead zirconate titanate/E-51 epoxy resin composite bed, and all electrode fingers are positioned at the upper and lower surface at lead zirconate titanate and E-51 epoxy resin faying face edge.Operating voltage is 0 to 220V.
Embodiment 2
By lead zirconate titanate pre-burning powder and hydrocarbon black powder respectively with binding agent, plasticiser, dispersant and solvent, make sheet green compact respectively by the tape casting, through compacting, carbonization treatment make lead zirconate titanate slice matrix after sintering after alternately stacking.Fill 711 epoxy resin in a matrix, after solidification, obtain lead zirconate titanate/E-51 epoxy resin composite bed through cutting.In above process, by controlling the parameter such as green compact thickness, cutting distance, the final lead zirconate titanate/E-51 epoxy resin composite bed obtained is of a size of 10mm × 5mm × 0.2mm, and fiber width wherein and fiber spacing are 0.4mm.Silk screen print method is utilized interdigited electrode to be printed onto the upper and lower surface of lead zirconate titanate/711 epoxy resin composite bed, positive pole finger and the negative pole finger spacing of interdigited electrode are 0.4mm, and interdigited electrode is Mirror Symmetry up and down, lead zirconate titanate fibers parallel in finger and lead zirconate titanate/711 epoxy resin composite bed, all electrode fingers are positioned at the upper and lower surface at lead zirconate titanate and 711 epoxy resin faying face edges.Bond being printed with the lead zirconate titanate/711 epoxy resin composite bed of interdigited electrode and polyimide film and polyimide film with 711 epoxy resin again.Operating voltage is 0 to 160V.
Comparative example 1
Preparation composite structure as is shown in fig. 1, lead titanate piezoelectric ceramics is processed into the thin slice of 30mm × 10mm × 0.5mm, electrode is made at two of length direction end face coating silver slurries after cleaning-drying, need to apply the polarizing voltage of 90kV, the polarized electric field that could obtain 3kV/mm at length direction makes it alongst polarize.Utilize cutting machine to cut it, obtain by selecting the blade of suitable thickness and arranging cutting spacing the piezoelectric ceramic fibers array that a fiber width and fiber spacing are equal to 0.5mm.In array, fill E-51 epoxy resin, after solidification, the silver electrode of two end faces is polished off, and obtain the lead zirconate titanate/E-51 epoxy resin composite bed of 30mm × 10mm × 0.18mm through reduction processing.Copper electrode is printed onto on polyimide film, then this perfecting is brushed with the polyimide film of electrode with E-51 epoxy resin and lead zirconate titanate/E-51 epoxy resin composite bed bonds.Operating voltage is 0 to 72V.
Although comparative example 1 adopts same material when preparing shearing-type piezoelectric fibre composite material compared with embodiment 1, under same size, polarizing voltage is 60 times of name embodiment 1 of the present invention, and polarization process requires higher, forms very large danger to experimenter.
Embodiment described above is that the personnel being convenient to this technical field understand and apply this invention, and that makes by the present invention's enlightenment and to the present invention all belongs within protection scope of the present invention without the amendment creating meaning.
Claims (10)
1. a shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material, is characterized in that, the outermost of composite structure is two-layer is flexible dielectric films, and intermediate layer is piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed, is interdigited electrode between intermediate layer and flexible dielectric films; Positive pole finger and the negative pole finger of described interdigited electrode replace equidistant arrangement, and upper and lower two interdigited electrodes are Mirror Symmetry, and align; The finger of described interdigited electrode is parallel with the piezoelectric phase of piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed, and electrode finger is positioned at the upper and lower surface at piezoelectric phase and epoxy resin faying face edge; Piezoelectric phase polarised direction is the direction perpendicular to composite bed plane.
2. a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed forms by the epoxy resin between fibrous piezoelectric phase arranged in parallel and adjacent fiber is alternate.
3. a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the width of the piezoelectric phase of described composite bed is equal with the spacing of two piezoelectric phases.
4. a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed, the width of piezoelectric phase is all equal with the finger spacing of interdigited electrode with two piezoelectric phase spacing.
5. a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each piezoelectric phase width is greater than the spacing of two piezoelectric phases, interdigited electrode positive pole finger and negative pole finger replace Unequal distance arrangement, but all electrode fingers are still positioned at the upper and lower surface at piezoelectric phase and epoxy resin faying face edge.
6. a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, piezoelectric phase width is less than the spacing of two piezoelectric phases, corresponding interdigited electrode positive pole finger and negative pole finger replace Unequal distance arrangement, but all electrode fingers are still positioned at the upper and lower surface at piezoelectric phase and epoxy resin faying face edge.
7. a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, piezoelectric phase is lead zirconate titanate, lead magnesio-niobate lead titanates, Kynoar or potassium-sodium niobate.
8. a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the epoxy resin in piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed is substituted by silica gel, rubber or other flexible insulating materials; Electrode material is silver or gold or copper or other conductive materials; The binding agent of bonding polyimide film, electrode and piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed is epoxy resin, AB glue or other seccotines.
9. a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, interdigited electrode is printed onto on polyimide film, is printed onto on polyimide film by interdigited electrode, then bonds with piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed.
10. a kind of shearing-type piezo-electricity composite material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, interdigited electrode and interdigited electrode are printed onto the upper and lower surface of piezoelectric phase/epoxy resin composite bed, then bond with polyimide film and polyimide film.
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