CN104819596B

CN104819596B - Free convection heating and/or the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of cooling adsorbent bed

Info

Publication number: CN104819596B
Application number: CN201510237643.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄海涛
Original assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Current assignee: Guangdong University of Technology
Priority date: 2015-05-11
Filing date: 2015-05-11
Publication date: 2017-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 2035-05-11
Also published as: CN104819596A

Abstract

The present invention relates to refrigerating plant field, more particularly, to the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed.It includes adsorber, heater, cooler, vaporizer and condenser it is characterised in that the heating space of heater, the cooling space of cooler are interconnected with adsorber inner space respectively；Heater and/or cooler cause the gas free convection between adsorber inner space and the heating space of heater and/or the cooling space of cooler under the heat effect of heater and/or under the cooling effect of cooler；Vaporizer, condenser are interconnected with adsorber inner space respectively.The present invention can relatively rapid and be uniformly heated up/cool down adsorbent bed.

Description

Free convection heating and/or the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of cooling adsorbent bed

Technical field

The present invention relates to refrigerating plant field, more particularly, to the absorption of free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed Formula cooling/heating pump installation.

Background technology

The monograph write by Wang Ruzhu etc.《Absorption type refrigerating》、《Absorption type refrigerating principle and application》Comprehensive summing up Both at home and abroad with regard to the developmental achievement [1,2] of absorption type refrigerating.Existing absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly mainly by adsorber, plus Hot device, cooler, vaporizer, condenser, cold-producing medium and storage tank etc. constitute [3 ~ 12].The principle of absorption refrigeration is sketched and is：Absorption Refrigerant liquid heat absorption evaporation in bed adsorption refrigerating agent vapour device is producing cooling effect；After adsorbent bed saturation, use Heater heats adsorbent bed, and makes the refrigerant vapour desorbing be condensed into liquid in condenser；Then use cooler cold But adsorbent bed.An above-mentioned operation cycle being absorption refrigeration.Due to adsorbent bed one will be heated in each operation cycle Secondary, then cool down adsorbent bed once again, it is therefore evident that, adsorbent bed heat temperature raising and the speed cooling are that impact is inhaled The key factor of attached refrigeration.If adsorbent bed can be heated rapidly to rise and gently cool, operational cycle time Short, the refrigerating capacity of unit interval is just larger.Whereas if adsorbent bed heat temperature raising and the speed that cools are slow, then refrigeration effect Fruit is just poor.Technical staff has long been known that the design of adsorbent bed to be heated in particular by which kind of mode and to cool down adsorbent bed Develop one of the key technical problem of efficient absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly [1,2,5 ~ 9].

After British scientist Faraday in 1848 finds absorption refrigeration phenomenon first, research worker is attempted developing Refrigerating plant based on absorption refrigeration principle.In 1931, the A. Young of silica gel company limited of Britain has invented had backheat Adsorption refrigerating device [13], this device is that high-temperature flue gas and adsorber outside wall surface directly contact are heated adsorbent bed.Beautiful The adsorption refrigerating device that the A. Newton of HONEYWELL REGULATOR company of state invented in nineteen thirty-nine is in adsorbent bed Heat exchange coil is placed in portion, is passed through heating or cooling medium, can make the adsorbent contacting with heat exchange coil toward in heat exchange coil It is heated or cooled [14].Hereafter, in order to improve heat-transfer effect further, research worker sets up the biography of many on heat exchange coil Hot fin, adsorbent is filled between thermofin, obtains bigger transmission of heat by contact area.Subsequently, research worker is being inhaled Place the heat exchanger of various form inside attached bed, have developed the adsorber of many different structures.

The adsorber technology of these traditional built-in heat exchangers is used till today always.Absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly at present The adsorbent bed being used can be divided into nine kinds according to the difference of built-in heat exchanger form, referring to p.446 ~ the 7 of document [7], with Lower bracket inner digital is that the metal/adsorbent weight of this kind of form adsorbent bed compares kg/kg：1st, spiral（13.2）, 2, shell-and-tube （6.1）, 3, bracket formula (6.2), 4, concentric circular pipe type (1.8), 5, plate-fin (5.5), 6, fin-tube type (3.5), 7, band-tube type (3.2), 8, single hose (6.3), 9, board-like (8.6).Document is shown in by photo in kind after various forms of adsorbers fill adsorbent [7,9,11].These adsorbers are usually used in various types of cooling/heating pump installations [5,7 ~ 9,15 ~ 28].Similarly, solar energy is inhaled Attached formula cooling/heating pump installation is setting thermofin inside solar thermal collector, and fills adsorbent between thermofin [4,6,29~34].

Adsorbent bed, heater and cooler exactly can be integrated in same by the advantage of the adsorber structure of above-mentioned built-in heat exchanger In one housing, heat exchanger plays the effect of heater when being passed through heating medium, be passed through the work playing cooler during cooling medium With, its compact conformation, easy to operate.But, the adsorber structure of built-in heat exchanger have multiple obvious shortcomings [1,2,5,7,9, 10a]：（1）Adsorbent bed heating is uneven：The temperature of those adsorbents contacting with thermofin is higher, does not connect with thermofin The temperature of tactile adsorbent is relatively low, and adsorbent bed internal difference in temperature is larger；（2）Adsorbent bed firing rate is slow：Heat conduction due to adsorbent Coefficient is less, and the thermal contact resistance between adsorbent and thermofin is big, from thermofin to adsorbent and its within adsorbent bed Heat transfer rate is slow；（3）Adsorbent bed metal heat is excessive：Due to needing the many thermofins of setting to increase heat transfer area, Weight metal in adsorbent bed is far longer than adsorbent weight, considerable heat need to be spent to heat absorption during heating adsorbent bed Metal part in bed.These shortcomings lead to that the operation cycle of absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly is long, and refrigerating capacity is less than normal, the thermal efficiency Low it may be possible to current absorption type refrigerating/heat pump techniques have to the basic reason of small-scale commercial applications.In order to overcome this A little shortcomings, advanced technology is to combine in heat exchanger surface [7,34 ~ 36] adsorbing material with various physico-chemical processes in the world, But due to the useful load of adsorbent less it is more difficult to obtain bigger refrigerating capacity.Therefore, there is still a need for research and development can overcome above-mentioned lacking Absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump techniques of point.

[1] Wang Ruzhu etc., absorption type refrigerating, China Machine Press, Beijing, 2002

[2] Wang Ruzhu etc., absorption type refrigerating principle and application, Science Press, Beijing, 2007

[3] Li Tingxian etc., the High Efficiency Thermal chemical adsorption refrigeration research that low grade heat energy drives, Science Bulletin, 53 (2008), p.2978~2993

[4] Chen Chuanjuan etc., adsorption-type solar air-conditioning Recent Progresses In The Development and prospect, freeze journal, and 29 (2008), p.1 ~ 7

[5] Li Xiaobin etc., the progress of absorption type refrigerating, chemical equipment technology, 29 (2008), p.18 ~ 21

[6] M. Fernandes et al. Review and future trends of solar adsorption refrigeration systems, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 39(2014), p.102~123

[7] A. Sharafian et al. Assessment of adsorber bed designs in waste~ heat driven adsorption cooling systems for vehicle air conditioning and refrigeration, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 30(2014), p.440~451

[8] B. Choudhury et al. An overview of developments in adsorption refrigeration systems towards a sustainable way of cooling, Applied Energy, 104(2013), p.554~567

[9] Zheng's New Port etc., adsorption heat pump technology and applied research progress, energy storage science and technology, 3 (2014), p.495 ~ 508

[10] (a) Song Pengxiang etc., theory in heat-storage technology for the chemical heat pump system and application, energy storage science and skill Art, 3 (2014), p.227 ~ 235；(b) Ma Gang etc., the progress of ammonia salt adsorptionworking pairs in chemical heat pump, freeze journal, 2003, p.35 ~ 39

[11] H. Demir et al. A review on adsorption heat pump: problems and solutions, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 12(2008), p.2381~2403

[12] (a) C. Chan et al. A review of chemical heat pumps, thermodynamic cycles and thermal energy storage technologies for low grade heat utilization, Applied Thermal Engineering, 50(2013), p.1257~1273; (b) W Wongsuwan et al. A review of chemical heat pump technology and applications, Applied Thermal Engineering, 21(2001), p.1489~1519

[13] A. Young, Improvements in or relating to refrigeration apparatus of the adsorption or absorption type, GB385407

[14] A. Newton, Adsorption refrigeration system, US2293556

[15] summer loyalty etc. again, based on the adsorption refrigerating device of separating heat tube, CN200410025398

[16] Zhang Hua etc., cold tube type combined adsorptive air conditioning unit utilizing waste heat of vehicle engine, CN200410084224

[17] summer loyalty etc. again, the no silica gel-water adsorption refrigerating device of vacuum switch valve, CN200810041457

[18] Soviet Union and Eastern Europe's ripple etc., the continuous adsorption refrigeration system of double bed and its refrigerating method and one kind are air conditioning unit, CN201210333079

[19] Wei Cun etc., a kind of Adsorption-type waste heat recovery plate type refrigerator, CN201310352459

[20] K. Srinivasan, A physical adsorption based refrigeration system, WO2009094723

[21] C. Blaizat et al. Adsorption refrigeration system, WO2012042144

[22] H. Yoshida et al. Suction-type heat pump system and suction-type heat pump driving method, WO2013076805

[23] T. Buttner et al. Compact sorption cooling unit, US2010293989

[24] M. Altay, Adsorption cooling system and adsorption cooling method for an aircraft, US2012000220

[25] C. Chen et al. Adsorption type refrigerator that automatically determines switchover point, US2012102990

[26] N. Aso et al. Adsorption heat pump, JP5556889

[27] A. Akisawa et al. Adsorption refrigerator, JP2012143509

[28] Y. Horita et al. Heat exchange reactor and adsorption heat pump, JP20130057262

[29] Huang Zhi one-tenth etc., adsorption-type solar ice maker, CN91200916

[30] Li Ming etc., the adsorbed solar refrigerator of integral valveless, CN02110912

[31] Li Ming etc., a kind of fin tube type solar adsorption-type refrigerating system, CN201120203751

[32] He Yan etc., a kind of novel adsorption bed and the solar refrigeration system being used, CN201410001745

[33] Ji Xu etc., a kind of high-efficiency solar absorbing refrigeration system, CN201410012179

[34] J. Carruthers et al. Component for solar adsorption refrigeration system and method of making such component, US2014020419

[35] S. Garner, Plate-based adsorption chiller subassembly, US2014033760

[36] B. Mitchel et al. Solid sorption refrigeration, WO2012085716.

Content of the invention

The present invention is at least one defect overcoming described in above-mentioned prior art（Not enough）, provide one kind quickly and equal Heat evenly and/or cool down the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of adsorbent bed.

For solving above-mentioned technical problem, technical scheme is as follows：

A kind of free convection heating and/or the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of cooling adsorbent bed, including adsorber, heating Device, cooler, vaporizer and condenser are it is characterised in that the heating space of described heater, the cooling space of cooler are distinguished It is interconnected with adsorber inner space；

Described adsorber, heater and/or cooler are arranged to the heating in heater of described heater and/or cooler Effect is lower and/or the cooling effect of cooler under cause heating space and/or the cooler of adsorber inner space and heater Cooling space between gas free convection；

Described vaporizer, condenser are interconnected with adsorber inner space respectively.

In such scheme, described heater and cooler unite two into one using same heat exchanger, adsorber, as heating The heat exchanger of device and cooler is separately positioned in two cavitys that top and bottom are interconnected.

In such scheme, described vaporizer and condenser unite two into one using same heat exchanger, as vaporizer and cold The heat exchanger of condenser is connected with the bottom of adsorber place cavity.

In such scheme, heater, adsorber and cooler are respectively placed in the cavity that three spaces separate, adsorber institute It is interconnected with the top of heater place cavity and lower end respectively on the top of cavity and lower end, the top of adsorber place cavity End and lower end are interconnected with the top of cooler place cavity and lower end respectively.

In such scheme, heater and vaporizer unite two into one using same heat exchanger, and cooler and condenser close two Adopt same heat exchanger for one, heat exchanger as heater and vaporizer, adsorber, changing as cooler and condenser Hot device is arranged in same cavity, sets gradually heat exchanger as heater and vaporizer, suction in this cavity from top to bottom Adnexa, the heat exchanger as cooler and condenser.

In such scheme, heater and vaporizer unite two into one using one or more heat exchanger, cooler and condensation Device unites two into one using one or more heat exchanger；As one or more heat exchangers of heater and vaporizer, as cold But one or more heat exchangers of device and condenser, adsorber are arranged in same cavity；

Adsorber includes some sections of adsorbent beds, as one or more heat exchangers of heater and vaporizer, as cooling One or more heat exchangers of device and condenser are arranged between some sections of adsorbent beds in any way, uppermost adsorbent bed upper Side and the lower section of lowermost adsorbent bed.

In such scheme, also include cold-producing medium storage tank；

Adsorber, heater, cooler and condenser are located at heat source side, and vaporizer and cold-producing medium storage tank are located at user side, Adsorber connects the gas feed to be condensed of condenser, and the condensate outlet of condenser connects cold-producing medium storage tank by delivery pipe and enters Mouthful, cold-producing medium outlet connects the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer, and the vapor outlet port of vaporizer is connected by delivery pipe inhales Adnexa, has throttle between cold-producing medium outlet and the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer；

Or, adsorber, heater, cooler, vaporizer and cold-producing medium storage tank are located at heat source side, and condenser is located at user End, adsorber connects the gas feed to be condensed of condenser by delivery pipe, and the condensate outlet of condenser is by delivery pipe even Logical cold-producing medium storage tank import, cold-producing medium outlet connects the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer, and the vapor outlet port of vaporizer is even Logical adsorber, has throttle between cold-producing medium outlet and the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer.

In such scheme, described heater is solar thermal collector.

In such scheme, adsorber includes several, has high-temperature adsorbing agent in several adsorbers therein, remaining absorption There is a low temperature adsorbent, described interior have the adsorber of high-temperature adsorbing agent and the described interior adsorber phase having low temperature adsorbent to interconnect in device Logical.

In such scheme, also include circulating fan, circulating fan constitutes gas circulation loop with the two ends connection of adsorber.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is：

In assembly of the invention, the hot gas producing at heater can be along stream between adsorber internal adsorbent particle voids Enter adsorber each several part to heat adsorbent bed.Transmitted by hot gas by the heat of this heater and reach each several part in adsorbent bed.Again Because the microcosmic loose structure of adsorbent comprises the macropore { Macropores } of many, many mesopores are distributed with along macropore again （Mesopores）, many micropores are distributed with along mesopore again（Micropores）, hot gas can enter mesopore along macropore, then edge Mesopore enters micropore, thus penetrating deep into heat adsorbent inside entrance absorbent particles.Because the structure of apparatus of the present invention Arrangement allows the hot gas in device more significantly free convection to occur, so hot gas is as heat transfer medium And means.Heat convection is the main heat transfer mechanism in apparatus of the present invention.In general, main heat transfer is act as with heat convection The heat output that it is main heat-transfer mechanism with conduction of heat that heat output during mechanism is much larger than.Therefore, the present invention can be more fast Speed ground and be uniformly heated up/cool down adsorbent bed.

Brief description

Fig. 1 heats and/or cools down the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment of adsorbent bed for free convection of the present invention 2 structural representation.

Fig. 2 heats and/or cools down the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment of adsorbent bed for free convection of the present invention 3 structural representation.

Fig. 3 heats and/or cools down the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment of adsorbent bed for free convection of the present invention The schematic diagram of 3 modified structure.

Fig. 4 heats and/or cools down the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment of adsorbent bed for free convection of the present invention 4 structural representation.

Fig. 5 heats and/or cools down the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment of adsorbent bed for free convection of the present invention 5 structural representation.

Fig. 6 heats and/or cools down the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment of adsorbent bed for free convection of the present invention 6 structural representation.

Fig. 7 heats and/or cools down the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment of adsorbent bed for free convection of the present invention 7 structural representation.

Fig. 8 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 heats and/or cools down the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly specific embodiment of adsorbent bed for free convection of the present invention 8 structural representation.

Absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly that Figure 10 heats and/or cool down adsorbent bed for free convection of the present invention is embodied as The structural representation of example 9.

Wherein, 1 is adsorber, and 1A, 1B represent adsorbent bed, and 2 represent the heat exchanger as heater and cooler, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5B, 108 expression heat exchangers, thermal insulation board before 3 expressions, 4 expression plate-type exchangers, 5 are denoted as evaporating The heat exchanger of device, 6 expression First Heat Exchangers, 7 expression the second heat exchangers, 8 represent closing housing, and 9 expression thermal insulation boards, after 10 represent Thermal insulation board, 11 expression refrigerant liquids, 12 expression cold-producing medium storage tanks, 13 expression the second liquid distributors, 14 expression the first liquid distributors, 15 Represent liquid trap, 16 expression tubules, 17 and 18 expression delivery pipes, 19 expression circulating fans, 19A, 19B, 19C represent blower fan, 20 Represent transparent cover plate, 21 expression solar absorption panels, 22,23,24 expression thermofins, 25 expression heat sinks, the 26 expression sun Radiation, 27 expression roofs, 28 expression refrigerators, 29 expression cooling storage materials, 30 expression solar thermal collector arrays, 31 ~ 82 tables Show valve, 91 represent the surrounding air coming from outdoor, and 92 represent row to outdoor, and 93 represent the air coming from interior, 94 tables Show row to interior, 100 expression heaters, 101 expression coolers, 102 are denoted as the heat exchanger of condenser, and 103 represent the 3rd Liquid distributor, 104 represent the heat exchanger as heater and vaporizer, and 105 represent the heat exchanger as cooler and condenser, 106 expression the 3rd heat exchangers, 107 expression the 4th heat exchangers, 110 represent the heat exchanger dedicated for heating, and 111 represent special uses In the heat exchanger of cooling, 112 expression condensers, 113 expression vaporizers, 114 expression flooded evaporators.

Specific embodiment

Being for illustration only property of accompanying drawing illustrates it is impossible to be interpreted as the restriction to this patent；

In order to the present embodiment is more preferably described, some parts of accompanying drawing have omission, zoom in or out, and do not represent actual product Size；

To those skilled in the art, in accompanying drawing, some known features and its explanation may omission be to be appreciated that 's.

In describing the invention it is to be understood that term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for describing purpose, and not It is understood that the quantity for indicating or implying relative importance or implicit indicated technical characteristic.Thus, " first " of restriction, The feature of " second " can be expressed or implicitly include one or more this feature.In describing the invention, unless separately It is described, " multiple " are meant that two or more.

In describing the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " company Connect " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or it is integrally connected；It can be machine Tool connects or electrically connects；Can be to be joined directly together or be indirectly connected with by intermediary it may be said that two The connection of element internal.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood in the present invention with concrete condition Concrete meaning.

With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples technical scheme is described further.

How rapidly and be uniformly heated up and/or cool down adsorbent bed the basic technique problems that the present invention intends to solve are, can With it is thought that a thermal conduction study problem under this specific condition of absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly.This problem has following Restrictive factor：（1）Adsorbent is poromerics, its heat conductivity very little, is equivalent to the heat conductivility of heat-insulating heat-preserving material. （2）Heat needed for adsorbent desorbing（Heat of desorption）Larger, heat of desorption is much larger than makes showing needed for adsorbent heat temperature raising itself Heat.（3）Adsorbent has certain heat resisting temperature, overheated the melting of its microcellular structure can be caused to disappear, lead to absorption property to decline. （4）Adsorbent useful load is larger, and density is little, and volume is big.（5）The cold-producing medium of most species is inflammable and explosive.（6）Cold-producing medium There is certain heat resisting temperature, overheated cold-producing medium degraded can be caused to lose efficacy.（7）In each operation cycle, temperature, pressure in device It is continually changing etc. parameter.（8）During from high-pressure refrigerant, behaviour far above atmospheric pressure in each operation cycle, always occurs Make pressure；During from low pressure refrigerant, operating pressure far below atmospheric pressure in each operation cycle, always occurs.Therefore to setting Standby performance requirement is higher.（9）The solution of described technical problem must be inexpensive, because the compression mechanism commonly used at present Cool equipment cost is at a fairly low, if adsorption refrigerating device is excessively complicated and expensive, does not have the market competitiveness.Above-mentioned Restrictive factor causes sizable difficulty to the solution seeking described technical problem.The present invention provides free convection to heat And/or absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of cooling adsorbent bed is solving above-mentioned technical problem.

Embodiment 1

Absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection of the present invention heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed specifically include adsorber, Heater, cooler, vaporizer and condenser, heater heating space, cooler cooling space respectively with adsorber in Portion space is interconnected；

Vaporizer, condenser are interconnected with adsorber inner space respectively.

In this particular embodiment, it is interconnected between heater and adsorber, heater can cause under heat effect Gas free convection between adsorber inner space and heater heating space, forms heat convection, can be relatively rapid With the adsorbent bed being uniformly heated up in adsorber.In the same manner, it is interconnected between cooler and adsorber, cooler is in cooling effect The lower gas free convection that can cause between adsorber inner space and the cooling space of cooler, equally can be relatively rapid Equably cool down the adsorbent bed in adsorber.

In concrete application, heater and cooler are alternately passed through heating and cooling medium, can be corresponding by configuring Switch valve and pipeline are reaching the purpose of switching.

To further illustrate technical scheme with reference to several specific embodiments.

Embodiment 2

The present embodiment has carried out the following improvement of at least one on the basis of embodiment 1：

（1）Heater and cooler unite two into one using same heat exchanger, adsorber, as heater and cooler Heat exchanger is separately positioned in two cavitys that top and bottom are interconnected；

（2）Vaporizer and condenser unite two into one using same heat exchanger, the heat exchanger as vaporizer and condenser Connect with the bottom of adsorber place cavity.

（3）Adsorber, the heat exchanger as heater and cooler, the heat exchanger as vaporizer and condenser are integrated in In same closing housing.

（4）Heat exchanger as vaporizer and condenser adopts plate-type exchanger, between the flat board of plate-type exchanger Space-alternating be set to heat exchanging medium passage and cold-producing medium evaporation/condensation passage, upper strata cold-producing medium evaporation/condensation passage with Communicated by pipeline between lower floor's cold-producing medium evaporation/condensation passage, the superiors' cold-producing medium evaporation/condensation passage is located with adsorber The bottom connection of cavity.

One application example of the present embodiment is as shown in Figure 1.

The inside with the closing housing 8 of heat-insulation layer is divided into two cavitys, two cavity top end and bottom by thermal insulation board 9 Communicate respectively；Setting adsorber 1 in one of cavity；Adsorber 1 can be multiple being arranged in same cavity, such as Shown in Fig. 1；Another cavity is arranged as the heat exchanger 2 of heater and cooler, in actual applications, as heater and cold But the heat exchanger 2 of device is provided with the interface of external connection；

The sealed bottom of closing housing 8 is connected with plate-type exchanger 4.The side of ground floor flat board in plate-type exchanger 4 Close along and plate-type exchanger 4 shell between, constitute the first fluid reservoir, ground floor flat board and the second layer of refrigerant liquid 11 It is heat exchanging medium passage between flat board, the edge closing of second layer flat board and third layer flat board, constitute the of refrigerant liquid 11 Two fluid reservoirs, set gradually, and form heat exchanging medium passage by the space-alternating between flat board and cold-producing medium evaporation/condensation is led to Road.Communicated by several tubules 16 between upper strata fluid reservoir and lower floor fluid reservoir, the first fluid reservoir is with closing housing 8 bottom even Lead to so that the inner space of closing housing 8 is communicated with the inner space of each layer fluid reservoir by these tubules 16.In concrete application In, plate-type exchanger 4 is provided with the gateway of external connection.

During this example specific works：

（A）Cooling absorption-refrigeration：In this stage, it is functioned firstly as heater and the heat exchanger 2 of cooler passes through external connection Interface be passed through cooling medium, plate-type exchanger 4 is passed through coolant media by the entrance of external connection.Adsorber 1 absorption system Refrigerant vapor, thus reduce the refrigerant vapour pressure within this device, make the indoor system of each layer liquid storage in plate-type exchanger 4 Cryogen liquid evaporation.Have larger when the coolant media that plate-type exchanger 4 is passed through flows through between flat board with each layer fluid reservoir Heat exchange area, the heat needed for sensible heat supply cold-producing medium liquid evaporation of coolant media, so that the temperature drop of coolant media, produces Raw refrigeration, finally flows out from the outlet of plate-type exchanger 4 external connection.Inhaling during adsorber 1 adsorption refrigerating agent steam Attached heat in the presence of adsorber 1 temperature raise, now due in adsorber 1 gas temperature be higher than as heater and cooler Heat exchanger 2 at gas temperature, the heat exchanger 2 so gas at adsorber 1 flows up, as heater and cooler The gas at place flows downward, and produces the natural circulation of gas, and the gas that adsorber 1 is circulated cools down.Adsorber 1 Next stage is entered after adsorption saturation.

（B）Heating desorption-condensation：In this stage, the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler passes through connecing of external connection Mouth is passed through heating medium,（When needing condensating refrigerant steam）The entrance of plate-type exchanger 4 external connection is passed through cooling and is situated between Matter.

First, the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler is passed through heating medium using making changing of heater and cooler Gas temperature at hot device 2 is higher than the temperature of adsorber 1, as the gas at the heat exchanger 2 of heater and cooler to upstream Dynamic, the gas of adsorber 1 flows downward, and produces the natural circulation of gas, added by the gas that adsorber 1 is circulated Heat.Adsorber 1 intensification reaches the cold-producing medium desorbing entrance gas phase of its absorption after desorption temperature.

After device inner refrigerant steam pressure raises and reaches condensing pressure, plate-type exchanger 4 is passed through cooling medium, system Refrigerant vapor is condensed into liquid in plate-type exchanger 4, and it is indoor that each layer liquid storage is stayed in the storage of these liquid.Continue aforesaid operations straight Finish to adsorber 1 desorbing and cold-producing medium condensation.It is an operation cycle above.

The main heat transfer mechanism that above work process describes the adsorber heating/type of cooling is heat convection.With existing with Conduction of heat is that the adsorber technology of main heat-transfer mechanism compares and has substantial difference.In concrete application, adsorbent-system The selection of cryogen working medium pair, the thermodynamic process of absorption refrigeration circulation, the high pressure/vacuum sealing container for absorption refrigeration, institute The aspect such as the vaporizer that need to configure and condenser, the instrument automatic control of device, may be referred to prior art, will not be described here.

Apparatus of the present invention heating and during cooling down operation the major influence factors of heat transfer free convection effect be adsorber 1 with The temperature difference of the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler.Be can use using the heating medium with higher temperature during heating operation Obtain preferable heat transfer free convection effect.For example, this device can utilize engine exhaust as heating medium during air conditioning for automobiles（From The EGT that engine chamber is discharged is up to 500 DEG C）, cooling medium is the surrounding air outside car, and coolant media is to need The in-car air of cooling.The heat exchanger 2 that 500 DEG C of waste gas is passed through as heater and cooler can produce inside this device Raw significant heat transfer free convection, thus by the heat transfer of heating medium to adsorber 1.When adsorber 1 and as heating When temperature difference between the heat exchanger 2 of device and cooler is larger, adsorber 1 flow resistance of not major influence factors itself, Even if dissipating to constitute adsorber using granular adsorbent（Bed voidage about 0.3 ~ 0.4）, it is possibility to have preferably heat Effect.But, if adsorber 1 and less as temperature difference between heater and the heat exchanger 2 of cooler（For example, adopt The temperature that conventional solar energy heat collection engineering produces be about 80 DEG C of hot water as apparatus of the present invention heating medium when）, then adsorb Device 1 must have relatively low flow resistance, and this kind of situation is suitably using sizing adsorbent（As hollow cylinder, or cellular suction Attached dose）Stack mode to constitute adsorber 1 according to low flow resistance.In addition, adsorber 1 and changing as heater and cooler When temperature difference between hot device 2 is constant, adsorber 1 is higher with the height of the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler, then in it The motive force of portion's gas free convection is bigger, and heats are better.

When cooling down adsorption operations, the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler is passed through surrounding air, and its temperature is close to often Temperature.Due to the effect of heat of adsorption, the temperature of adsorber 1 is higher than then room temperature（For example, activated carbon bed temperature during active-carbon bed absorption methanol Degree is up to 65 DEG C）.Therefore, also more significant heat transfer free convection can occur inside this device, so that this device is cooled down, this When heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler play the effect of cooler.

In aforesaid operations, the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler needs alternately to be passed through heating and cooling medium, puts down Plate type heat exchanger 4 is alternately passed through cooling medium and coolant media, and therefore concrete application can be by configuring corresponding switching Valve and pipeline.These switch valves and pipeline will be arranged according to the concrete condition of practical application.Therefore, Fig. 1 and basis The other accompanying drawing of invention does not draw these switch valves and pipeline.

Compared with the transmission of heat by contact mode of prior art adsorber built-in heat exchanger, this heat transfer free convection of the present invention Absorption refrigeration/the heat pump assembly of mode has advantages below：

（1）The heater surface temperatures of the present invention can be higher than the heat resisting temperature of adsorbent.

In the present invention, heater surfaces are not contacted with adsorbent, the limit of heater surface temperatures not sorbent suspension heat resisting temperature System.And heater surface temperatures have to be lower than adsorbent heat resisting temperature in prior art.

（2）The present invention has larger heat transfer coefficient.

The present invention adopts heat convection mode, and heat transfer coefficient is larger.Prior art due to adsorbent the coefficient of heat conduction very Little, heater is big with the thermal contact resistance of adsorbent bed, and heat transfer coefficient is less.

（3）The present invention can rapidly heat adsorber.

The present invention has higher heater surface temperatures, and heat transfer temperature difference is big, and has larger heat transfer coefficient, and adsorbs In device, whole sorbent particle surfaces can be heated by thermal current, has larger heat transfer area, and therefore, heat output is relatively Greatly, adsorber can rapidly be heated.And prior art relies on heat exchange pattern can only lentamente heat adsorber.

（4）The present invention can be uniformly heated up adsorber.

The present invention penetrates into inside adsorber using thermal current along absorbent particles gap, can make adsorber each several part quilt Uniformly heat.And the adsorbent that in prior art, those are contacted with thermofin is easily overheated, away from the adsorbent of thermofin It is difficult to be heated again.

（5）The present invention can use the adsorbent of high voidage.

The present invention can use adsorbent more than 0.5 for the bed voidage, be conducive to improving the heat transfer of adsorber simultaneously In addition mass-transfer performance, need not arrange special mass transfer channel.Prior art should not use the adsorbent of high voidage, because space Rate is bigger, then heat conductivity is less, relies on the heat transfer property of the adsorber of transmission of heat by contact mode poorer.Prior art is generally selected Low porosity adsorbent, and need to arrange special mass transfer channel in adsorber.

（6）The present invention can use chemosorbent.

Chemosorbent based on chemisorbed mechanism occurs the phenomenon of adsorbent volumetric expansion when adsorbing.The present invention The space needed for adsorbent volumetric expansion can be reserved（I.e. in Fig. 1 more than each section of adsorber 1 space）, thus the present invention is permissible From chemosorbent.Prior art is filling adsorbent between thermofin.When using chemosorbent, sorbent body Long-pending expansion is pressurized, easily lumps, and leads to absorption property to decline.Thus prior art typically can not select chemosorbent.

（7）The metal heat of the present invention is less.

It is all heat-transfer surface that the present invention adopts heat convection, the outer surface of all absorbent particles and portion inner surface.Convection current The coefficient of heat transfer is larger, need not arrange a lot of thermofins less to increase heat exchange area, therefore metal heat.And prior art Need in adsorber to arrange many thermofins to increase heat exchange area, its metal/adsorbent weight ratio reaches 1.8 ~ 13.2.

（8）Present configuration is simple, easy to manufacture.

The present invention is respectively provided with adsorber and heat exchanger in different spaces, processes and easy to maintenance.Prior art is in absorption There are many pipelines and fin, complex structure in device.Some technology combine adsorbent in heat exchanger surface, and manufacturing cost is higher.

In addition, adsorber, heater, cooler, vaporizer, condenser, cold-producing medium and storage tank are all collected by the present embodiment Become in same closing housing 8, the connected mode of device is more greatly simplified than prior art.Not any inside closing housing 8 Pipeline and valve, are conducive to the flowing of refrigerant vapour.And good airproof performance, cold-producing medium be not easy leak.Plate-type exchanger 4 It is integrated with vaporizer and condenser, also serves as cold-producing medium storage tank, reduce the cost of device.This integrated arrangement side of the present embodiment Formula can be used for other embodiments of the invention.

The device separate unit of this example is that interval is freezed, and two or more cooperations can be with continuous cooling.When adopting During with more than two cooperations, plate-type exchanger 4 may be provided at the outside of closing housing 8, and each adsorber can by pipeline Jointly connect same vaporizer, same condenser and same cold-producing medium storage tank, concrete application here repeats no more.

Embodiment 3

The present embodiment is similar to Example 2, and its difference essentially consists in, and embodiment 2 is replaced using same heat exchanger Ground heating and cooling adsorber, and the present embodiment have one dedicated for the heating heat exchanger of adsorber and another dedicated for The heat exchanger of cooling adsorber.

Specifically, heater, adsorber and cooler are respectively placed in the cavity that three spaces separate, adsorber place chamber The top of body and lower end are interconnected with the top of heater place cavity and lower end respectively, the top of adsorber place cavity and Lower end is interconnected with the top of cooler place cavity and lower end respectively；Preferably each connectivity part is provided with valve.Tool Body ground is as shown in Fig. 2 the top and bottom of adsorber 1 are connected with the top and bottom of heater 100 respectively, and adsorber 1 top and bottom are also connected with the top and bottom of cooler 101 respectively.Heater 100 is always passed through heating medium, this Heat exchanger is adopted as heater 100 in example；Cooler 101 is always passed through in cooling medium, this example and adopts heat exchanger to make For cooler 101.By the switching of valve 31 ~ 34, heater 100 or cooler 101 can be similar to illustrated by embodiments 2 Heat transfer free convection mode is being heated or cooled adsorber 1.

Further, the present embodiment also improves to other structures：

The present embodiment also includes cold-producing medium storage tank；Adsorber, heater, cooler and condenser are located at heat source side, evaporation Device and cold-producing medium storage tank are located at user side, and adsorber connects the gas feed to be condensed of condenser, the condensate outlet of condenser Cold-producing medium storage tank import is connected by delivery pipe, cold-producing medium outlet connects the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer, vaporizer Vapor outlet port by delivery pipe connect adsorber, have section between cold-producing medium outlet and the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer Stream valve.Specifically as shown in Figure 2：

The cold-producing medium storage tank 12 of user side is connected to the first liquid distributor 14 by throttle 42, and the first liquid distributor 14 is installed In the heat exchanger 5 as evaporator/condenser, the heat exchanger 5 as evaporator/condenser passes through delivery pipe 18, valve 40 Connect to cooler 101, the heat exchanger 5 as evaporator/condenser connects to adsorber 1 also by delivery pipe 18, valve 38, Heat exchanger 5 as evaporator/condenser connects the second liquid distributor 13, the second cloth also by valve 43, delivery pipe 17, valve 36 Liquid device 13 is placed in heat exchanger 102 inner upper as condenser/evaporator, and the heat exchanger 102 as condenser/evaporator pushes up Portion passes through pipeline, valve 35 connects to cooler 101；Adsorber 1 is connected by pipeline, valve 37 and is used as condenser/evaporator Heat exchanger 102, pipeline, valve 39 and delivery pipe 17, valve are passed through in heat exchanger 102 bottom as condenser/evaporator 41 connection cold-producing medium storage tanks 12.

The present embodiment includes for the cooling operation mode to user's cooling and for the heat pump behaviour to user's heat supply Operation mode.

Cooling operation mode is described first：Under this pattern, heat exchanger 5 is used as vaporizer, and heat exchanger 102 is used as condenser. Refrigerant liquid 11 in the cold-producing medium storage tank 12 of user side enters conduct by the first liquid distributor 14 after throttle 42 throttling Heat absorption evaporation after the heat exchanger 5 of vaporizer, cold is supplied to user by the coolant media as the heat exchanger 5 of vaporizer.As The refrigerant vapour that the heat exchanger 5 inner refrigerant liquid evaporation of vaporizer produces flows into cooler 101 through delivery pipe 18, valve 40 Interior.Valve 32,34 is opened, and refrigerant vapour is adsorbed device 1 and adsorbs, and adsorber 1 is cooled device 101 with heat transfer free convection simultaneously Mode cooled down.After adsorber 1 saturation, proceed to the heating desorption stage.Close valve 32,34, open valve 31, heater High-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam in 100 enters heating adsorbent bed in adsorber 1 through valve 31, and the steam after cooling is through adsorber The heat exchanger 102 that the pipeline of 1 bottom, valve 37 enter as condenser condenses.Open valve 33, adsorber 1 is by heater 100 Continuous heating in the way of heat transfer free convection is until adsorber 1 desorbing finishes.Changing as condenser is entered by valve 37 Refrigerant vapour in hot device 102 is condensed into refrigerant liquid, and these refrigerant liquids are from the heat exchanger 102 as condenser The pipeline of bottom is discharged, and flows into cold-producing medium storage tank 12 through valve 39, delivery pipe 17, valve 41.

During heat pump operation pattern, heat exchanger 5 is used as condenser, and heat exchanger 102 is used as vaporizer.Adsorber 1 heating desorption The refrigerant vapour producing enters through valve 38, delivery pipe 18 and condenses heat release as after the heat exchanger 5 of condenser, as condenser The thermal medium of heat exchanger 5 heat is supplied to user.Refrigerant vapour condenses generation in the heat exchanger 5 as condenser Refrigerant liquid entered the heat exchange as vaporizer after valve 43, delivery pipe 17, valve 36 throttling by the second liquid distributor 13 Evaporate after device 102, produced refrigerant vapour is flowed into cold by the pipeline on heat exchanger 102 top as vaporizer, valve 35 But in device 101, now valve 32,34 is opened, and refrigerant vapour is adsorbed device 1 and adsorbs, and adsorber 1 device 101 that is cooled is cold simultaneously But.After adsorber 1 saturation, proceed to the heating desorption stage.Close valve 32,34, open valve 31, the high temperature in heater 100 High compressed steam enters heating adsorbent bed in adsorber 1 through valve 31, the pipeline through adsorber 1 bottom for the steam after cooling, valve 38th, the heat exchanger 5 that delivery pipe 18 enters as condenser condenses.Open valve 33, adsorber 1 is by heater 100 continuous heating Until adsorber 1 desorbing finishes.

As described above, under cooling operation mode, this device utilizes the heat energy of heat source side to user side cooling, in heat pump behaviour Then to user side heat supply under operation mode.In general, the heat engine of these inverse Kano thermodynamic cycle based on cold-producing medium working medium, system Cryogen working medium experience evaporation process from liquid-phase conversion for gas phase after, these gas-phase working mediums subsequently necessarily experience condensation process from gas Inversion of phases is liquid phase working fluid, just can complete the thermodynamic cycle of its closed loop.When the purposes of these heat engines is using cold-producing medium working medium In vaporizer, the endothermic effect of evaporation comes to user's cooling, then referred to as refrigerating plant；When the purposes of these heat engines is using system The exothermic effect that cryogen working medium condenses in condenser is come to user's heat supply, then referred to as heat pump assembly.Same covering device was both permissible As refrigerating plant it is also possible to be used as heat pump assembly.For example, Fig. 1 device of embodiment 2 in addition to for freezing it is also possible to profit To user's heat supply, it is used as in the condensation heat release of plate-type exchanger 4 and/or the heat of adsorption of adsorber 1 generation with cold-producing medium 11 Heat pump.Similarly, other embodiments of the invention are also used as heat pump.

In cooling mode, convey to user side from heat source side is room temperature cold-producing medium to Fig. 2 shown device of the present embodiment Liquid（With delivery pipe 17）；By the return of user side heat source end is room temperature refrigerant vapour（With delivery pipe 18）.In heat pump mould Under formula, convey to user side from heat source side is the refrigerant vapour having higher temperature（With delivery pipe 18）；From user side to heat What source returned is room temperature refrigerant liquid（With delivery pipe 17）.Therefore, delivery pipe 17 does not need to be incubated；Delivery pipe 18 needs to protect Temperature.The length of delivery pipe 17 and 18 is up to dozens of kilometres.The conveying pump or fan of cold-producing medium can also be set up.Dress described above Put the chemical energy substantially heat energy of heat source side being converted to cold-producing medium, then user is reached by pipeline cold-producing medium End, then the chemical energy of cold-producing medium is converted to heat energy for users to use.This device is just by the long distance of low grade heat energy in fact From conveying（Other embodiments of the present invention can be used for this purposes after setting up conveying pipe of refrigerant）.

The present embodiment equally has eight advantages listed by embodiment 2.In addition, the present embodiment also has following two advantages：

（1）It is easy to multiple adsorber cooperations.

Specifically, adsorber setting is multiple, and multiple adsorbers connect heater and cooler by pipeline with valve respectively, Specifically as shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is the top view of adsorbent bed, heater and the quencher moiety of Fig. 2.As shown in figure 3, six absorption Device 1 is through piping and valve 31,33（In 31 lower section, in figure does not show 33）Connect same heater 100, and through pipe Road and valve 32,34（In 32 lower section, in figure does not show 34）Connect same cooler 101.This connected mode is relatively simple, It is easy to increase adsorber number as needed.Pass through valve transfer during operation, multiple adsorbers 1 can be had simultaneously to heat solution Inhale, other adsorbers 1 cool down absorption simultaneously.

（2）There is no metal heat.

The heat exchanger of required heating when " metal heat " refers to heat adsorbent bed in each absorption refrigeration operation cycle Metallic conduit and the thermal capacitance of fin., first have to during each heating desorption spend heat to add taking Fig. 1 device of embodiment 2 as a example The hot pipeline of heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler and fin, then could heat adsorber 1；Desorbing finish carry out cold When but adsorbing, the pipeline of the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler and the heat of the fin medium that will be cooled is taken out of and unrestrained Expense is fallen, and next cycle reheats the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler again.It can be seen that, " metal heat " will waste A lot of heats.In Fig. 2 shown device of the present embodiment, heater 100 is always at heated condition, for heating adsorber It is that the high-temperature gas of the heating in heater 100 is passed through adsorber 1 it is not necessary to each operation cycle reheats when 1 The pipeline of these heaters 100 and fin.In this sense, " metal heat " of Fig. 2 device is close to zero（Only adsorber Connecting pipe between 1 housing and its adsorber 1 and valve 31,33 needs each operation cycle to heat once）.With existing skill In art adsorbent bed, the situation than up to 1.8 ~ 13.2 for the metal/adsorbent weight compares, and the present embodiment can be greatly reduced heating Energy consumption.

In addition, as a special case of the present invention, after adsorber 1 adsorption saturation of Fig. 2 device, opening valve 31, heating High-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam in device 100 enters heating adsorbent bed, the flowing of its refrigerant vapour in adsorber 1 through valve 31 It is also to be driven by temperature difference, pressure differential, belong to the one of which situation of free convection mode of heating of the present invention.If The sensible heat of the refrigerant vapour entering through valve 31 provides adsorbent bed heat of desorption enough, then can omit valve 33 and the pipe that is located Road.

The present embodiment is NM partly similar to Example 2, and operation principle is same as Example 2, and here is omitted.

In another embodiment, can also be：

Adsorber, heater, cooler, vaporizer and cold-producing medium storage tank are located at heat source side, and condenser is located at user side, inhale Adnexa connects the gas feed to be condensed of condenser by delivery pipe, and the condensate outlet of condenser connects refrigeration by delivery pipe Agent storage tank import, cold-producing medium outlet connects the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer, the vapor outlet port connection absorption of vaporizer Device, has throttle between cold-producing medium outlet and the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer.Instantiation will not be described here.

Embodiment 4

The present embodiment is similar with embodiment 2,3, and its difference essentially consists in, and embodiment 2,3 is with heat transfer free convection side During formula heating adsorber 1, gas is by the flowing of default determination path, and gas free convection Non-precondition in the present embodiment Determination path.Specifically, heater and vaporizer unite two into one using same heat exchanger, and cooler and condenser conjunction two are One adopts same heat exchanger, the heat exchanger as heater and vaporizer, adsorber, the heat exchange as cooler and condenser Device is arranged in same cavity, sets gradually heat exchanger as heater and vaporizer, absorption in this cavity from top to bottom Device, the heat exchanger as cooler and condenser.

Additionally, can also be further improved in such scheme：Also include cold-producing medium storage tank 12, the 3rd liquid distributor 103, Liquid trap 15.Specifically as shown in Figure 4：

The present embodiment also includes cold-producing medium storage tank 12, the 3rd liquid distributor 103, liquid trap 15, and adsorber 1 is placed in cavity It is using same heat exchanger that portion, heater and vaporizer close two, and the heat exchanger 104 as heater and vaporizer is placed in cavity Lower section that is interior and being located at adsorber 1, cooler and condenser unite two into one using same heat exchanger, as cooler and condensation The heat exchanger 105 of device is placed in cavity and is located at the top of adsorber 1, and liquid trap 15 connects cold-producing medium storage tank 12 by pipeline, Cold-producing medium storage tank 12 connects the 3rd liquid distributor 103 by pipeline, and the 3rd liquid distributor 103 is arranged on as heater and vaporizer Above heat exchanger 104, liquid trap 15 is arranged on the lower section of the heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser.

Further, the cavity of the present embodiment is realized using closing housing 8, and adsorber 1 is arranged on the middle part of closing housing 1 Position, the heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser is placed in the tip position of closing housing 8, as heater and vaporizer Heat exchanger 104 be placed in closing housing 8 bottom position.

During specific works：In the heating desorption stage, the heat exchanger 104 as heater and vaporizer is passed through heating medium, The gas of heat exchanger 104 heating as heater and vaporizer flows up, and the cooler gas in adsorber 1 flows downward, Form the free convection of gas.

In this arrangement, the free convection of cold and hot gas does not have definite flow path, but random sum Constantly change.In addition, the 3rd liquid distributor 103 is typically using some pipes having several mouth sprays.When as heating When the surface temperature of the heat exchanger 104 of device and vaporizer is higher, from the heat exchanger 104 as heater and vaporizer to adsorber 1 radiant heat transfer is also more significant.Therefore, by free convection and radiant heat transfer mechanism, as heater and vaporizer Heat exchanger 104 heat transfer to adsorber 1 so as to heating desorption.Cold-producing medium from ADSORPTION STATE desorbing be gaseous state when, its volume Dramatically increase so that the pressure closing in housing 8 increases.Heat exchanger after reaching condensing pressure, as cooler and condenser 105 are passed through cooling medium, and refrigerant vapour is liquid in the surface condensation of the heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser, so After be collected and be stored in cold-producing medium storage tank 12.Heat exchanger 104 after adsorber 1 desorbing finishes, as heater and vaporizer It is passed through cooling medium with the heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser, changed with closing the cold and hot gas free convection in housing 8 The mode of heat is cooling down adsorber 1.In cooling absorption-cooling stages, refrigerant liquid is distributed in by the 3rd liquid distributor 103 and is used as Sweat cooling behind the surface of heat exchanger 104 of heater and vaporizer, the refrigerant vapour of generation is adsorbed device 1 and adsorbs, absorption The generation of heat makes the temperature that the temperature of adsorber 1 is higher than the heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser, and this temperature difference causes Cold and hot gas free convection, adsorber 1 is cooled.

In a specific embodiment, alternatively, the present embodiment also includes circulating fan, the two ends of circulating fan and adsorber Connect and constitute gas circulation loop.Specifically as shown in Figure 4：

Circulating fan 19 two ends connect top and the bottom to closing housing 8 respectively by valve 46,47；Further, In closing housing 8 top and the also external valve 48 in valve 46 junction and First Heat Exchanger 6, in closing housing 8 bottom and valve The also external valve 49 in 47 junctions and the second heat exchanger 7.

Circulating fan 19 is the corrosion resistant fan for fluid conveying under normal pressure.When circulating fan 19 is as refrigerant vapour When circulating fan is connected with the two ends of closing housing 8, if closing housing 8 inner refrigerant steam pressure is far above atmospheric pressure, Refrigerant vapour in circulating fan 19 outwardly may leak at fan bearing mechanical seal；If in closing housing 8 Refrigerant vapour pressure is far below atmospheric pressure, then outside air may be to circulating fan 19 internal leakage.Both of which is Do not allow.

Refrigerant vapour pressure within absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly is relevant with the refrigerant category that it loads.At present The refrigerant category being used is various.Typically can be divided into " high-pressure refrigerant "（It is exactly refrigeration more than -10 DEG C for the normal boiling point Agent）" low pressure refrigerant "（It is exactly cold-producing medium below -10 DEG C for the normal boiling point）.The present invention is applied to various refrigeration in principle Agent.Although the present invention is better than selecting low pressure refrigerant using the heat and mass transfer performance of high-pressure refrigerant.Because during identical temperature difference, Operating pressure is higher, and the driving force of free convection is bigger, and heat and mass transfer performance is better.Selecting of concrete cold-producing medium needs to consider dress The concrete conditions such as the application scenario put, the cryogenic temperature requiring to reach, available heat source temperature, chilling temperature.However, making Used which kind of cold-producing medium, absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly operating pressure always occurs far above or is far below the situation of atmospheric pressure, Therefore prior art is typically difficult by the forced-convection heat transfer of blower fan driving.

In the present invention：During from high-pressure refrigerant, the operating pressure in heating desorption stage is far above atmospheric pressure；Cooling absorption Operating pressure be possible to adjust to close to atmospheric pressure.Therefore, its heating desorption stage can adopt heat transfer free convection mode；Cold But the forced-convection heat transfer mode that absorption phase can be driven using circulating fan 19.During from low pressure refrigerant, heating desorption rank The operating pressure of section is normally close to atmospheric pressure；The operating pressure of cooling absorption is then far below atmospheric pressure.Therefore, its heating desorption rank The forced-convection heat transfer mode that section can be driven using circulating fan 19；Cooling absorption phase can adopt heat transfer free convection mode.

During using high-pressure refrigerant, the operating procedure of Fig. 4 shown device of the present embodiment is summarized as follows：The heating desorption stage Heat exchanger 104 as heater and vaporizer is passed through heating medium and makes adsorber 1 desorbing.The heating desorption stage terminates to proceed to cold But, during absorption-cooling stages, if the pressure limit that in closing housing 8, pressure can bear higher than circulating fan 19, it is used as The heat exchanger 104 of heater and vaporizer, the heat exchanger 105 as cooler and condenser, First Heat Exchanger 6, the second heat exchange Device 7 is passed through cooling medium, slowly opens valve 48,49, makes gas through the heat exchanger 104 as heater and vaporizer, is used as First Heat Exchanger 6 is entered, the second heat exchanger 7 cools down further after heat exchanger 105 cooling of cooler and condenser.Due to respectively changing The cooling effect of hot device and the cushioning effect of First Heat Exchanger 6, the second heat exchanger 7, in closing housing 8, pressure is reduced to circulated air The pressure limit that machine 19 can bear, opens valve 46,47, start cycles blower fan 19, forced convertion cools down adsorber 1.Due to Forced-convection heat transfer coefficient is much larger than NATURAL CONVECTION COEFFICIENT OF HEAT, can significantly increase cooling effect using forced convertion.Institute State forced-convection heat transfer mode can continue to the initial stage in heating desorption stage, until pressure is increased to circulation in closing housing 8 After the pressure limit that blower fan 19 can bear, stop circulating fan 19, use the mode of free convection heating instead.This free convection The method combining with forced convertion can improve the speed of adsorbent bed heating/cooling further.

During using low pressure refrigerant, the operating procedure of Fig. 4 shown device is to utilize circulating fan 19 in the heating desorption stage Adsorber 1 is heated in forced convertion；Cooling absorption phase adopts the free convection type of cooling.Concrete operation step with like above.

First Heat Exchanger 6, the second heat exchanger 7 have two effects：（a）When free convection mode and forced convertion mode are changed Pressure buffer；And（b）Close carry out other operating procedure in housing 8 when as required in First Heat Exchanger 6, second change Refrigerant vapour is heated or cooled in advance in hot device 7, is conducive to shortening operational cycle time.

It is used for can holding in circulating fan when cooling/heating pump installation similar to the circulating fan of setting up described by the present embodiment Carry out forced-convection heat transfer during operation, all embodiments of other of the present invention can also set up circulated air in the pressure limit being subject to Machine.For example, the position positioned at adsorber 1 stage casing of the closing housing 8 of Fig. 1 device of embodiment 2 opens up an air inlet and follows The exhaust outlet of ring blower fan is connected, and closes the intermediate altitude portion positioned at the heat exchanger 2 as heater and cooler of housing 8 Position is opened up an air vent and is connected with the air inlet of circulating fan, just constitutes forced convertion blood circulation.

The NM part of the present embodiment is similar with above example, and operation principle is identical with above example, herein not Repeat again.

Embodiment 5

The present embodiment is similar to Example 4, and its difference essentially consists in, and embodiment 4 has an independent cold-producing medium storage Tank 12, the closing housing bottom of the present embodiment is used as cold-producing medium storage tank, specifically as shown in Figure 5：

Adsorber 1 is arranged on the medium position of closing housing 8, arranges closing in housing 8 and being located above adsorber 1 3rd heat exchanger 106, arranges the 4th heat exchanger 107, the bottom of closing housing 8 in closing housing 8 and positioned at the lower section of adsorber 1 Portion is used as cold-producing medium storage tank.

When being passed through heating, cooling or coolant media, the 4th heat exchanger 107 is used as heater, condenser/cooler or steaming Send out device.When being passed through heating or cooling medium, the 3rd heat exchanger 106 is used as heater or cooler.Advantage of this embodiment is that Compact conformation, equipment volume is little, good seal performance.The NM part of the present embodiment is similar with above example, operation principle Identical with above example, here is omitted.

Embodiment 6

The present embodiment is similar to Example 5, and its difference essentially consists in, and heater and vaporizer unite two into one and adopt one Individual or multiple heat exchangers, cooler and condenser unite two into one using one or more heat exchanger；As heater and steaming Send out one or more heat exchangers of device, the one or more heat exchangers as cooler and condenser, adsorber be arranged on same In individual cavity；

One of instantiation as shown in fig. 6, this adsorber 1 includes two stage adsorption bed, the top of epimere adsorbent bed, under It is both provided with heat exchanger 108, these heat exchangers 108 can be used as heating between the lower section of section adsorbent bed and two stage adsorption bed Device is it is also possible to be used as cooler.When heat exchanger 108 is all passed through heating or cooling medium, because free convection and radiation pass Heat, adsorber 1 can be heated or cooled more quickly, and this is one of advantage of the present embodiment.The NM part of the present embodiment Similar with above example, operation principle is identical with above example, and here is omitted.

Embodiment 7

The present embodiment is similar with above example, and its difference essentially consists in, and the present embodiment utilizes solar thermal collector To heat adsorber, and solar thermal collector and adsorber are integrated in same housing（Referred to as solar energy absorption Device）.Specifically as shown in FIG. 7 and 8, front portion to the rear portion of the housing 8 of insulation is sequentially installed with transparent cover plate 20, solar absorption Plate 21, front thermal insulation board 3, adsorber 1, rear thermal insulation board 10, heat sink 25.Sky between solar absorption panels 21 and front thermal insulation board 3 Between referred to as heating passage, be provided with the thermofin 22 of solar absorption panels 21；Afterwards between thermal insulation board 10 and heat sink 25 Space be referred to as cooling/condensation channel, be provided with the thermofin 23 of heat sink 25.Have for ring on rear side of heat sink 25 The thermofin 24 of border air radiating.There is space between the top and bottom of front thermal insulation board 3 and rear thermal insulation board 10 and housing 8. It is provided with valve 50 afterwards, the upper end for thermal insulation board 10 after sealing or being open and housing 8 between the upper end of thermal insulation board 10 and housing 8 Between space.The lower end of heat sink 25 is connected with tubule 16, and tubule 16 gets in through roof 27 and is then passed through refrigerator 28 Shell connects flooded evaporator 114, and flooded evaporator 114 is immersed among cooling storage material 29.Tubule 16 can be Vertical or inclination trend, it is possibility to have certain flexibility.The size of tubule 16 and paving mode should ensure that and inhale in solar energy The refrigerant liquid that in the cooling/condensation channel of adnexa, condensation produces can rely on gravity to flow into full liquid from the lower end of heat sink 25 Formula vaporizer 114, and the refrigerant vapour producing in flooded evaporator 114 can rely on pressure differential to evaporate from full-liquid type Device 114 flows into solar energy adsorber.

When utilizing solar energy heating desorbing adsorber 1 after sunrise on daytime, close valve 50.Solar absorption panels 21 absorb too Sun radiation 26 makes solar absorption panels 21 heat up, and solar absorption panels 21 and its thermofin 22 transfer heat to heating and lead to Refrigerant vapour in road.Refrigerant vapour in heating passage flows up after being heated up, the colder system in adsorber 1 Refrigerant vapor flows downward, and forms the free convection circulation of refrigerant vapour, the heat transfer of solar absorption panels is given absorption Bed 1.Adsorber 1 heating desorption is so that heat passage and the increase of adsorber 1 inner refrigerant steam pressure, some refrigerant steam Through after space between thermal insulation board 10 lower end and housing 8 flow into cooling/condensation channel and be condensed into refrigerant liquid, these are made Cryogen liquid flows into flooded evaporator 114 through tubule 16.

Dusk post sunset opens valve 50, and the refrigerant vapour in cooling/condensation channel is cooled and lowers the temperature, cooling/condensation Cold air in passage forms free convection with the hot gas in adsorber 1, so that adsorber 1 is cooled, the pressure in housing 8 Decline.Refrigerant liquid 11 in flooded evaporator 114 evaporates, and produces refrigeration.Refrigerant vapour flows to through tubule 16 In housing 8, then it is adsorbed device 1 and adsorbs.Under cold and hot gas free convection cycle heat exchange effect within housing 8, adsorber 1 Heat of adsorption be delivered to heat sink 25 after be dispersed into surrounding air.Cooling storage material 29 stores cold, makes refrigerator 28 on daytime Also low temperature can be kept.

The present embodiment equally has eight advantages listed by embodiment 2.In addition, with existing solar energy refrigerator technology [6, 29,30] compare, the present embodiment also has three below advantage：

（1）Solar collecting performance is good.

The present embodiment housing 8 is full-closed structure（Between housing 8 and solar absorption panels 21 and heat sink 25 solderable in succession Connect）.Housing 8 has heat-insulation layer, and solar absorption panels 21 absorb solar radiation energy, then transfer heat to adsorber 1, absorption Heat-insulated by rear thermal insulation board 10 between device 1 and cooling/condensation channel, only have a small amount of hot gas during solar energy heating from rear thermal insulation board 10 Lower end space flows into cooling/condensation channel.During this solar energy adsorber heating desorption, on the one hand being capable of efficient absorption solar radiation Energy, on the other hand it is dispersed into that the heat loss of environment is less, and therefore this solar energy adsorber solar collecting performance is good.Compare, In prior art, the side wall of some solar energy adsorbers or bonnet can be opened（Referring to document [6]）, housing is not totally enclosed, Heat loss is larger.

（2）Perfect heat-dissipating.

Solar energy adsorber has two following situations to need to radiate：

（a）Cooling absorption-evaporation operation stage adsorption the device at night needs to discharge heat of adsorption to environment.

（b）The heating desorption on daytime-condensation operation stage excessively causes solar energy adsorber overheated when solar radiation strongly When need radiate.Solar radiation is not a kind of stable thermal source, and its intensity depends on meteorological condition.Under summer some meteorological conditions Solar radiation is likely to occur the situation of short time profundity.The selective absorbing solar radiation of load on solar absorption panels Film layer and adsorbent and cold-producing medium have certain heat resisting temperature.Exceed its heat resisting temperature, solar energy absorbing membranous layer may take off Fall, the microcellular structure of adsorbent may cross heat fusing disappearance makes absorption property decline, and cold-producing medium may be degraded.Therefore, solar energy Refrigerator must have good heat-sinking capability to be only possible to can normally run under all climatic conditions.

The present embodiment is when close to equipment heat resisting temperature, as long as opening valve 50 it is possible to obtain good radiating effect. Compare, some sun adsorbers of prior art adopt totally enclosed insulation shell, do not have cooling measure, summer is possible to overheated Lost efficacy（Except non-user judges that sunlight is excessively strong, cover solar energy adsorber with cover from sun, but do so is very inconvenient）. The side wall of other solar energy adsorber or bonnet can be opened to radiate [6], but its operation may be excessively loaded down with trivial details.

（3）It is easy to automatic operating.

The automatic control action of the present embodiment is only during heating desorption on daytime closes valve 50, and night adsorbs and apparatus overheat on daytime When open valve 50.As long as setting up temperature sensor, solar irradiation sensor, intervalometer, temperature controller, electromagnetic valve etc. to can achieve Full-automatic operation.

In terms of solar thermal collector, the product of sizing volume production mainly has flat type solar heat collector at present, its structure Generally it is provided with solar absorption panels and heating fluid channel in Totally enclosed heat-preserving housing, there is stream to be heated insulation shell lower end Body import, upper end has heated fluid to export.The present invention can utilize the flat sun of these sizing volume productions in the following manner Can heat collector come to constitute free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly：Inside there is the suction of adsorbent bed The top and bottom of adnexa are connected with the flowing outlet of heating of flat type solar heat collector and heat flow import to be added respectively Logical, for the cooler radiating to surrounding air（As condenser）The top and bottom top and bottom with adsorber respectively It is connected, cooler upper end is provided with valve with the junction of adsorber upper end, and the lower end of adsorber is connected with vaporizer, own The necessary rounding off of pipeline junction is to reduce gas flow resistance.

Another is widely used in solar water heater and the collecting apparatus of big-and-middle-sized solar energy heat collection engineering is the sun Can vacuum heat collection pipe（Referred to as vacuum tube）.Research worker once utilized vacuum tube to make adsorption refrigeration device（For example [1], p.193, [31]）.Generally way is placement thermofin inside vacuum tube（These thermofins be loaded with solar energy The vacuum tube inner tube of absorbing membranous layer is connected）, between thermofin, then fill adsorbent.But, solar energy vacuum tube is original It is for heating cold water.In the case of not having cold water in pipe, the long-time air drying of vacuum tube may be damaged.Fill out in vacuum tube It was more prone to cause thermal damage when sun in summer illumination is strong after filling adsorbent.Utilization vacuum tube proposed by the present invention makes nature The mode of absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of Convective Heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed is：Adsorbent is placed in and is made with wire gauze Cylindric box（Its diameter is less than vacuum tube diameter of inner pipe）Inside, be then placed in vacuum tube, and keep adsorbent to try one's best Do not contact with vacuum tube inner tubal wall（Available other iron wire is as the support of cylindric box）So that vacuum tube inner tubal wall with cylindric A fixed gap is had to allow to manage interior gas generation more significantly heat transfer free convection between box.

Solar thermal collector species is various.The present embodiment have been provided for the present invention solar energy free convection heating and/ Or three kinds of specific embodiments of the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of cooling adsorbent bed.The present invention adopts multi-form solar energy Heat collector is come the detail of the free convection heating to constitute and/or the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly cooling down adsorbent bed not Identical to the greatest extent.It is emphasized that here can not possibly list all of the embodiments of the present invention one by one, other any according to this Specific embodiment designed by bright technological thought and principle is all contained within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.

Embodiment 8

The present embodiment is similar with above example, and its difference essentially consists in, and above example is using cold-producing medium Producing cooling effect, the present embodiment is to be absorbed heat and to be produced cause using the heat of desorption of cold-producing medium and/or chemical reaction to decalescence Cold effect.Specifically as shown in figure 9, having high temperature adsorption salt and cryogenic absorption salt, refrigerant vapour in adsorbent bed 1A and 1B respectively For ammonia.High temperature adsorption salt and cryogenic absorption salt have different ammonia characterization of adsorptions [2,3,10b].When this device is in room temperature, ammonia Gas is adsorbed by high temperature adsorption salt and occurs complex reaction to generate ammonia salt complex.Close valve 55, heat exchanger 2A to 5A is passed through and adds Thermal medium, the high temperature adsorption salt decomplexing desorbing of adsorbent bed 1A, ammonia pressure increases.Open valve 55, ammonia is flowed by adsorbent bed 1A Enter adsorbent bed 1B, so that ammonia pressure in adsorbent bed 1B is increased, cryogenic absorption salt absorption ammonia simultaneously occurs complex reaction to generate ammonia salt Complex, its heat of adsorption/exothermic heat of reaction is taken out of by the room temperature cooling medium in heat exchanger 2B to 5B.Then, heat exchanger 2A to 5A It is passed through room temperature cooling medium, after the cooled cooling of high temperature adsorption salt, ammonia is adsorbed by high temperature adsorption salt again and complex reaction occurs, So that ammonia pressure is declined, lead to cryogenic absorption salt decomplexing desorbing, now heat exchanger 2B to 5B is passed through coolant media, its sensible heat provides To the endothermic heat of reaction/heat of desorption needed for cryogenic absorption salt decomplexing desorbing, the temperature of coolant media reduces, and produces refrigerating effect.

The kind of refrigeration cycle of high temperature utilized above and cryogenic absorption salt referred to as sorption cycle again（Resorption Cycle）, it is Prior art [2,3,10b].High temperature adsorption salt is the one of which of high-temperature adsorbing agent.Under identical balance pressure, high temperature is inhaled Attached dose has higher equilibrium temperature.Cryogenic absorption salt is the one of which of low temperature adsorbent.Under identical balance pressure, low Warm adsorbent has relatively low equilibrium temperature.

Fig. 9 shown device is to be absorbed heat to freeze using the heat of desorption/chemical reaction of refrigerant vapour, is not to utilize cold-producing medium The decalescence of steam, to freeze, therefore need not configure condenser and vaporizer, and expert of the art thinks that adsorbent bed simultaneously works as The effect of condenser and vaporizer（Referring to document [2], p.164）.This device can also utilize heat of adsorption/chemical heat release Carry out heat supply, as heat pump.Similarly, other embodiments of the invention equally can utilize the heat of desorption/chemical reaction of cold-producing medium Absorb heat and to freeze（As refrigerating plant）Or using heat of adsorption/chemical heat release come heat supply（As heat pump assembly）, now, It is not required to configure condenser and vaporizer.

The present embodiment and the heating/type of cooling differring primarily in that adsorbent bed of prior art.Fig. 9 device is described again Heating process（Taking adsorbent bed 1A as a example）：Open valve 51,53, when each heat exchanger is passed through identical heating medium simultaneously, by Absorb heat in adsorbent bed 1A, the mean temperature of the adsorber that adsorbent bed 1A is located is less than the mean temperature in heat exchanger 2A, because This produces the heat transfer free convection of gas.If allowing identical heating medium flow successively through heat exchanger 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, heat exchange Device 2A has higher temperature, and free convection effect is more preferable.In addition, often discharge high temperature waste hot and low temperature in some industrial plants simultaneously Used heat, high temperature waste hot is passed through heat exchanger 2A, and low-temperature waste heat is passed through heat exchanger 3A, 4A, 5A, will make Fig. 9 device internal gas Produce more significantly heat transfer free convection.These modes can make adsorbent bed 1A obtain quick and uniform heating.Can See, the technological thought of the present invention is exactly：First device being designed as its internal gas can have passage or the space of free-flowing, Then intentionally cause larger temperature difference in device using various conditions, thus producing heat transfer free convection to heat absorption Bed.

Embodiment 9

The present embodiment is similar to Example 8, is all the use of high temperature and cryogenic absorption salt, and its difference essentially consists in, Embodiment 8 is absorbed heat and to be produced cooling effect using the heat of desorption of cold-producing medium and/or chemical reaction, and the present embodiment make use of system simultaneously The decalescence of cryogen and heat of desorption and/or chemical reaction absorb heat and to produce cooling effect.Specifically as shown in Figure 10 and Fig. 3 （Fig. 3 is the top view of adsorber, heater and the quencher moiety of Figure 10）, inside have six adsorbers 1 of high temperature adsorption salt even Connect the same heat exchanger 110 dedicated for heating and the same heat exchanger 111 dedicated for cooling.Dedicated for heating The heating medium of heat exchanger 110 comes from the conduction oil of solar thermal collector array 30.Inside there is the adsorber 1 of high temperature adsorption salt It is connected with condenser 112, cold-producing medium storage tank 12 and vaporizer in turn and interior adsorbent bed 1A and 1B having cryogenic absorption salt between 113, adsorbent bed 1A with 1B are connected in parallel the heat exchanger 111 jointly connected dedicated for cooling（The height of conventional sorption cycle again It is direct connection between thermohaline adsorber and low temperature salt adsorber, and the present embodiment high temp. salt adsorber and low temperature salt adsorber Between also concatenated heat exchanger 111 dedicated for cooling, so contribute to maintaining high temp. salt adsorber and low temperature salt adsorber Pressure stability）.

The heating desorption operation of this device is to be carried out using the heat that solar thermal collector array 30 provides on daytime.Only The heat that solar thermal collector array 30 provides is wanted to be able to maintain that the heat exchanger 110 dedicated for heating reaches desorption temperature, just Most of adsorber 1 heating desorptions should be made as far as possible, then refrigerant liquid 11 is stored in cold-producing medium storage tank 12.Essence On, the heating desorption of adsorbent bed is a kind of chemical energy storage process it is simply that converting the solar into adsorbent and the cold-producing medium of desorbing A kind of potential energy collectively forming（Chemical energy）.According to calculating, the chemical energy storage density of ammonia salt system is about 0.8 ~ 1 GJ/m³- ammonia salt, Far above the sensible heat energy storage density of hot water or conduction oil, referring to document [10a].The present embodiment and existing solar thermal collection system Except for the difference that, Figure 10 device is configured without hot water thermal insulating energy-accumulating water tank or heat conduction oil thermal insulating energy storage fuel tank.At night, Figure 10 device It is to rely on six adsorber 1 of desorbing and chemical energy stored by refrigerant liquid 11 maintaining it to run.

During cooling adsorption operations, adsorbent bed 1A and 1B operated in anti-phase, when adsorbent bed 1A absorption carrys out the refrigeration of flash-pot 113 During agent steam, adsorbent bed 1B is connected with the heat exchanger 111 dedicated for cooling, due in the heat exchanger 111 dedicated for cooling Refrigerant vapour pressure be less than adsorbent bed 1B in cryogenic absorption salt balance pressure, adsorbent bed 1B desorbing.Inhale after operated in anti-phase Attached bed 1B absorption carrys out the refrigerant vapour of flash-pot 113, and adsorbent bed 1A is connected with the heat exchanger 111 dedicated for cooling and solves Inhale.

This device both can in summer as refrigerating plant to user's cooling it is also possible to winter as heat pump to user supply Heat.When summer is to user's cooling, the part coming from the air of interior is passed through vaporizer 113, makees in cold-producing medium evaporation endothermic With under, this partial air is lowered the temperature；Another part comes from the heat exchanger that indoor air is passed through adsorbent bed 1A or 1B, in desorbing Lower the temperature under heat effect.This two parts cool after air mixing after return indoor.Winter, to during user's heat supply, comes from room A part for interior air is passed through condenser 112, and under cold-producing medium condensation exothermic effects, this partial air heats up；Another part The air coming from interior is passed through the heat exchanger of adsorbent bed 1A or 1B, heats up under the absorption heat effect of cryogenic absorption salt；Another The air that part comes from interior is passed through dedicated for the heat exchanger 111 cooling down, and rises under the absorption heat effect of high temperature adsorption salt Temperature.Return indoor after air mixing after this three parts heat temperature raising.

Example given above 1 to 9 simply uses separate unit（Set）Device to lecture being embodied as of the present invention as an example Mode.When adopting multiple stage（Set）During device cooperation, in order to improve energy utilization efficiency further, each adsorber（Bed）Between Quality and the exchange of energy can also be carried out.The present invention and then can be with other senior circulating technology combination application.These are high Level circulating technology includes but is not limited to：Extraction cycle, return matter circulation, heat wave circulation, autocascade cycle, multiple stage circulation, adsorb again and follow Ring, multiple multiple-effect circulation, stepwise regeneration circulation etc..When the present invention is used with other technical combinations, be related to the present invention that Partly it is still contained within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention a bit.

It should be evident that the adsorber heating/type of cooling that the present invention is lectured be applied to any based on physical absorption, , then there is the cooling/heating pump installation of the gas-solid phase system of chemical reaction in chemisorbed or adsorb first.

Present invention relates solely to the common Thermal Equipment such as adsorber, heat exchanger, it is easier to be made as industry and the product for civilian use.Mesh The application scenario of the most worthy of the front present invention is：（1）Air conditioning for automobiles：The compressor cooling air-conditioning commonly using now will be by vapour Car engine drives compressor, and when turning on the aircondition, automobile fuel consumption increases by 10% to 20%.On the other hand, automobile engine is to environmental emission The heat of high-temp waste gas is not obtained by（The heat that this part wastes accounts for the 35% of gasoline combustion total amount of heat）.Absorption type refrigerating Device is suitable as air conditioning for automobiles, and heating medium can utilize engine exhaust, and cooling medium is car external environment air, coolant media For in-car air.（2）Solar airconditioning：Solar energy is clean energy resource, neither consumes fossil fuel using solar energy, and does not discharge Pollutant.Various embodiments of the present invention can be used as solar-heating cooling accumulation energy air conditioner.Heating medium is solar thermal collector Heat-conducting medium, cooling medium be surrounding air or cold water.（3）The long-distance sand transport of low grade heat energy：A large amount of to environmental emission The exemplary of low grade heat energy is coal-burning power plant.The generating efficiency of coal-burning power plant is generally 45%, to the flue gas of airborne release （Temperature is about 110 DEG C）And cooling water（Temperature is about 60 DEG C）Heat account for the 55% of institute of coal-burning power plant burning coal total amount of heat. These low grade heat energies cannot local use, the sensible heat of flue gas and cooling water also cannot give other users by remote conveying.Natural Low grade heat energy can be converted to the change of cold-producing medium by the absorption type refrigerating/heat pump assembly of Convective Heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed Learn energy, then long-distance sand transport cold-producing medium reaches user side, is reconverted into heat energy for users to use.

Same or analogous label corresponds to same or analogous part；

Described in accompanying drawing, the being for illustration only property of term of position relationship illustrates it is impossible to be interpreted as the restriction to this patent；

Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not right The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, also may be used on the basis of the above description To make other changes in different forms.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.All this Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit of invention and principle etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention Protection domain within.

Claims

1. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of a kind of free convection heating and/or cooling adsorbent bed, including adsorber, heater, Cooler, vaporizer and condenser it is characterised in that described heater heating space, cooler cooling space respectively with Adsorber inner space is interconnected；

Described adsorber, heater and/or cooler are arranged to the described heater and/or cooler heat effect in heater Cause adsorber inner space and heater under the lower and/or cooling effect of cooler heats the cold of space and/or cooler But the gas free convection between space；

2. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating according to claim 1 and/or cooling adsorbent bed, its It is characterised by, described heater and cooler unite two into one using same heat exchanger, adsorber, be used as heater and cooler Heat exchanger be separately positioned in two cavitys that top and bottom are interconnected.

3. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating according to claim 2 and/or cooling adsorbent bed, its It is characterised by, described vaporizer and condenser unite two into one using same heat exchanger, the heat exchange as vaporizer and condenser Device is connected with the bottom of adsorber place cavity.

4. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating according to claim 1 and/or cooling adsorbent bed, its It is characterised by, heater, adsorber and cooler are respectively placed in the cavity that three spaces separate, the top of adsorber place cavity End and lower end are interconnected with the top of heater place cavity and lower end respectively, and the top of adsorber place cavity and lower end are divided It is not interconnected with the top of cooler place cavity and lower end.

5. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating according to claim 1 and/or cooling adsorbent bed, its It is characterised by, heater and vaporizer unite two into one using same heat exchanger, cooler and condenser unite two into one using same One heat exchanger, the heat exchanger as heater and vaporizer, adsorber, the heat exchanger as cooler and condenser are arranged on In same cavity, set gradually from top to bottom in this cavity heat exchanger as heater and vaporizer, adsorber, as cold But the heat exchanger of device and condenser.

6. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump assembly of free convection heating according to claim 1 and/or cooling adsorbent bed, its It is characterised by, heater and vaporizer unite two into one using one or more heat exchanger, and cooler and condenser unite two into one Using one or more heat exchanger；As one or more heat exchangers of heater and vaporizer, as cooler and condensation One or more heat exchangers of device, adsorber are arranged in same cavity；

Adsorber includes some sections of adsorbent beds, as one or more heat exchangers of heater and vaporizer, as cooler and One or more heat exchangers of condenser are arranged between some sections of adsorbent beds in any way, the top of uppermost adsorbent bed and The lower section of lowermost adsorbent bed.

7. absorption type refrigerating/the heat of the free convection heating according to any one of claim 1,2,4 and/or cooling adsorbent bed Pump installation is it is characterised in that also include cold-producing medium storage tank；

Adsorber, heater, cooler and condenser are located at heat source side, and vaporizer and cold-producing medium storage tank are located at user side, absorption Device connects the gas feed to be condensed of condenser, and the condensate outlet of condenser connects cold-producing medium storage tank import by delivery pipe, Cold-producing medium outlet connects the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer, and the vapor outlet port of vaporizer connects absorption by delivery pipe Device, has throttle between cold-producing medium outlet and the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer；

Or, adsorber, heater, cooler, vaporizer and cold-producing medium storage tank are located at heat source side, and condenser is located at user side, Adsorber connects the gas feed to be condensed of condenser by delivery pipe, and the condensate outlet of condenser connects system by delivery pipe Cryogen storage tank import, cold-producing medium outlet connects the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer, and the vapor outlet port connection of vaporizer is inhaled Adnexa, has throttle between cold-producing medium outlet and the liquid-inlet to be evaporated of vaporizer.

8. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump of the free convection heating according to claim 1,4 any one and/or cooling adsorbent bed Device is it is characterised in that described heater is solar thermal collector.

9. absorption type refrigerating/the heat pump of the free convection heating according to any one of claim 1 ~ 6 and/or cooling adsorbent bed Device, it is characterised in that adsorber includes several, has high-temperature adsorbing agent in several adsorbers therein, remaining adsorber Inside there is a low temperature adsorbent, described interior have the adsorber of high-temperature adsorbing agent and the described interior adsorber phase having low temperature adsorbent to interconnect Logical.

10. absorption type refrigerating/the heat of the free convection heating according to any one of claim 1 ~ 6 and/or cooling adsorbent bed It is characterised in that also including circulating fan, circulating fan constitutes gas circulation loop with the two ends connection of adsorber to pump installation.