CN117213033B - Solar fresh air heat recovery device - Google Patents
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- CN117213033B CN117213033B CN202311244106.1A CN202311244106A CN117213033B CN 117213033 B CN117213033 B CN 117213033B CN 202311244106 A CN202311244106 A CN 202311244106A CN 117213033 B CN117213033 B CN 117213033B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar fresh air heat recovery device, which belongs to the technical field of heating and ventilation and comprises an exhaust pipe, a fresh air pipe and an air pipe, wherein an exhaust fan is arranged at one end in the exhaust pipe, a fresh air fan is arranged at one end in the fresh air pipe, and a fan is arranged at one end in the air pipe; the inside of the exhaust pipe is also provided with a first heat pipe condensation evaporator and a condensation liquid reservoir, the inside of the new air pipe is provided with a second heat pipe condensation evaporator, and the first heat pipe condensation evaporator in the new air pipe is communicated with the second heat pipe condensation evaporator in the return air pipe through a first heat pipe heat insulation return pipe; a heat pipe condenser is arranged in the condensation liquid reservoir, a heat pipe evaporator is arranged in the new air pipe, and a second heat pipe heat insulation return pipe is communicated between the heat pipe condenser and the heat pipe evaporator; and an absorber is arranged in the air pipe, and a gaseous adsorbent conveying pipe is communicated between the condensation liquid reservoir and the absorber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heating ventilation, and particularly relates to a solar fresh air heat recovery device.
Background
The fresh air system is an equipment system for finishing indoor and outdoor ventilation by continuously replacing indoor air with outdoor air, has the advantages of health, comfort and energy conservation, can better realize air circulation, and is increasingly and widely applied to life and engineering. The most important of the fresh air systems is a purifying device and a heat exchange device, wherein the purifying device is used for purifying outdoor air, and the heat exchange device is used for exchanging heat between indoor air and outdoor air, so that energy consumption is reduced.
In the prior heat exchange technology, the indoor air and the outdoor air are separated by utilizing a pipeline, the heat exchange is realized by utilizing a pipeline made of a heat conducting material, and the fresh air temperature adjustment is realized by an electric heater or an electric condenser, so that the design increases the energy consumption of equipment on one hand and causes energy waste on the other hand, and in order to solve the problem, the invention provides a solar fresh air heat recovery device
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to provide a solar fresh air heat recovery device to solve the problems in the background art.
2. Technical proposal
The solar fresh air heat recovery device comprises an exhaust pipe, a fresh air pipe and an air pipe, wherein an exhaust fan is arranged at one end in the exhaust pipe, a fresh air fan is arranged at one end in the fresh air pipe, and a fan is arranged at one end in the air pipe; the inside of the exhaust pipe is also provided with a first heat pipe condensation evaporator and a condensation liquid reservoir, the inside of the new air pipe is provided with a second heat pipe condensation evaporator, and the first heat pipe condensation evaporator in the exhaust pipe is communicated with the second heat pipe condensation evaporator in the new air pipe through a first heat pipe heat insulation return pipe; a heat pipe condenser is arranged in the condensation liquid reservoir, a heat pipe evaporator is arranged in the new air pipe, and a second heat pipe heat insulation return pipe is communicated between the heat pipe condenser and the heat pipe evaporator; an absorber is arranged in the air pipe, and a gaseous adsorbent conveying pipe is communicated between the condensation liquid reservoir and the absorber;
the fresh air pipe is communicated with the air pipe through a first communicating pipe and a second communicating pipe, a first valve is arranged on the first communicating pipe, and a second valve is arranged on the second communicating pipe; a third valve is further arranged on the new air pipe between the first communicating pipe and the second communicating pipe, a fourth valve is arranged between the upper fan of the air pipe and the first communicating pipe, and a fifth valve is arranged at one end far away from the fan; and the air pipe is also integrally provided with a heat exchange mechanism, and the heat exchange mechanism comprises a heat exchanger, a water pump and a solar heat collector.
Preferably, the first heat pipe condensation evaporator in the exhaust pipe is set as a condensation end in summer and is set as an evaporation end in winter; the second heat pipe condensation evaporator in the new air pipe is set as an evaporation end in summer and a condensation end in winter.
Preferably, the device body is used for recovering the cold energy in indoor exhaust air in summer, and utilizes solar energy to cool and reduce the outdoor fresh air temperature, reduce the indoor air conditioner load, and specifically comprises the following steps: the exhaust fan, the fresh air fan and the fan are opened, the first valve and the second valve are closed, and the third valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are opened; the water pump is started when the sun exists in the daytime, and is closed when the sun exists at night or in the daytime;
specifically:
1) When the sun exists in daytime, outdoor high-temperature and high-humidity fresh air passes through the fresh air pipe, is cooled through the evaporation end of the heat pipe and then enters the room, and the fresh air is cooled. The indoor low-temperature low-humidity exhaust air is sequentially heated for 2 times to be discharged to the outside through the condensing end of the heat pipe and the condensing liquid reservoir by the exhaust pipe. The solar heat collector is used for sending the collected heat to the heater through the water pump, and air in the air pipe is heated by the heater and then sent to the adsorber, so that the adsorbent in the adsorber is desorbed with the adsorbent, the desorbed gaseous adsorbent is conveyed to the condensing liquid storage device along the conveying pipe, and the gaseous adsorbent is condensed into liquid adsorbent on the wall surface and stored in the tank 4.
2) At night, the water pump is turned off. At this time, the adsorber begins to cool down, and the adsorbent in the adsorber begins to absorb gaseous adsorbent and release heat. The released heat is carried away by the air in the air duct. The gaseous adsorbate is absorbed to lower the pressure of the gaseous adsorbate in the absorber, the conveying pipe and the condensing reservoir, the liquid adsorbate in the condensing reservoir begins to evaporate, and the heat of the condensing end of the heat pipe begins to be absorbed. Working medium in the condensing end of the heat pipe starts to liquefy and flows to the evaporating end of the heat pipe in the fresh air pipe along the heat insulation reflux pipe, and the heat of the fresh air is evaporated and absorbed in the evaporating end. At night, the fresh air can be cooled by the heat pipe evaporation end and the heat pipe evaporation end twice, and the cooled fresh air temperature is lower, so that a part of indoor air conditioning load can be borne.
Preferably, the device body is used for recovering heat in indoor exhaust air in winter, and utilizes solar energy to heat outdoor fresh air, so as to reduce the heating load of an indoor air conditioner, and the device is specifically set as follows: in the daytime, the exhaust fan and the fresh air fan are started, the fan is closed, the first valve and the second valve are opened, the third valve, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are closed, and the water pump is started; when no sun exists at night or in daytime, the exhaust fan and the fresh air fan are turned on, the fan is turned off, the first valve and the second valve are turned off, the third valve is turned on, the fourth valve and the fifth valve are turned off, and the water pump is turned off;
specifically:
1) When there is the sun in daytime, outdoor low-temperature fresh air passes through the fresh air pipe, and through the valve entering air pipe after being heated by the condensation end of the heat pipe, and after being heated by the heater for the second time in the air pipe, the fresh air enters the fresh air pipe again to enter the room through the valve, and the fresh air temperature is higher, so that a part of indoor heating load can be born. The indoor high-temperature exhaust air is cooled through the exhaust pipe by the evaporation end of the heat pipe and then is discharged to the outside. The solar heat collector sends the collected heat to the heater through the water pump, and fresh air in the air pipe is heated by the heater.
2) At night, the fresh air in the new air pipe of the exhaust fan in the exhaust pipe is only subjected to heat recovery through the heat pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a solar fresh air heat recovery device, which has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the conventional design in the market, the solar fresh air heat recovery device provided by the invention fully utilizes solar energy, and performs heat exchange by controlling the opening and closing of the valve and the water pump in summer and winter (in daytime with the sun and in evening without the sun), so that the full utilization of heat is realized, and meanwhile, the heat recovery efficiency is also improved.
Drawings
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar fresh air heat recovery device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the detailed structure of the portion A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the heat recovery apparatus test stand in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a fitting result of summer temperature efficiency with fresh air temperature change in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:
1. an exhaust pipe; 2. an exhaust fan; 3. a first heat pipe condensing evaporator; 4. a condensing reservoir; 5. a second heat pipe adiabatic return pipe; 6. a heat pipe condenser; 7. a new air pipe; 8. a fresh air machine; 9. a first heat pipe adiabatic return pipe; 10. a second heat pipe condensing evaporator; 11. an adsorber; 12. a gaseous adsorbate delivery tube; 13. a blower; 14. an air duct; 15. a fourth valve; 16. a first valve; 17. a third valve; 18. a second valve; 19. a fifth valve; 20. a heat exchanger; 21. a water pump; 22. a solar collector; 23. a heat pipe evaporator.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, the invention provides a solar fresh air heat recovery device, which comprises an exhaust pipe 1, a fresh air pipe 7 and an air pipe 14, wherein an exhaust fan 2 is arranged at one end inside the exhaust pipe 1, a fresh air fan 8 is arranged at one end inside the fresh air pipe 7, and a fan 13 is arranged at one end inside the air pipe 14; the inside of the exhaust pipe 1 is also provided with a first heat pipe condensation evaporator 3 and a condensation liquid reservoir 4, the inside of the fresh air pipe 7 is provided with a second heat pipe condensation evaporator 10, and the first heat pipe condensation evaporator 3 and the second heat pipe condensation evaporator 10 are communicated through a first heat pipe heat insulation return pipe 9; a heat pipe condenser 6 is arranged in the condensation liquid reservoir 4, a heat pipe evaporator 23 is arranged in the fresh air pipe 7, and a second heat pipe heat insulation return pipe 5 is communicated between the heat pipe condenser 6 and the heat pipe evaporator 23; an absorber 11 is arranged in the air pipe 14, and a gaseous adsorbent conveying pipe 12 is communicated between the condensation liquid reservoir 4 and the absorber 11;
the new air pipe 7 is communicated with the air pipe 14 through a first communicating pipe and a second communicating pipe, a first valve 16 is arranged on the first communicating pipe, and a second valve 18 is arranged on the second communicating pipe; a third valve 17 is also arranged on the new air pipe 7 between the first communicating pipe and the second communicating pipe, a fourth valve 15 is arranged between the fan 13 and the first communicating pipe on the air pipe 14, and a fifth valve 19 is arranged at one end far away from the fan 13; the air pipe 14 is also integrally provided with a heat exchange mechanism which comprises a heat exchanger 20, a water pump 21 and a solar heat collector 22.
The first heat pipe condensation evaporator 3 is set as a condensation end in summer and an evaporation end in winter; the second heat pipe condensation evaporator 10 is set as an evaporation end in summer and a condensation end in winter.
The device body is used for recovering the cold energy in indoor exhaust air in summer, utilizes solar energy to refrigerate and reduce outdoor fresh air temperature, reduces indoor air conditioner load, and the specific setting is as follows: the exhaust fan 2, the fresh air fan 8 and the fan 13 are opened, the first valve 16 and the second valve 18 are closed, and the third valve 17, the fourth valve 15 and the fifth valve 19 are opened; the water pump 21 is turned on during daytime when there is a sun, and the water pump 21 is turned off at night or during daytime when there is no sun. Specifically: 1) When the sun exists in daytime, outdoor high-temperature and high-humidity fresh air passes through the fresh air pipe 7, is cooled by the second heat pipe condensation evaporator 10 and then enters the room, and the fresh air is cooled. The indoor low-temperature low-humidity exhaust air is secondarily heated and discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 1 sequentially passing through the first heat pipe condensation evaporator 3 and the condensation liquid storage tank 4. The solar heat collector 22 sends the collected heat to the heater 20 through the water pump 21, the air in the air pipe 14 is heated by the heater 20 and then sent to the adsorber 11, so that the adsorbent in the adsorber is desorbed with the adsorbent, the desorbed gaseous adsorbent is sent to the condensation liquid reservoir 4 along the conveying pipe 12, and the gaseous adsorbent is condensed into liquid adsorbent on the wall surface of the condensation liquid reservoir 4 and stored in the condensation liquid reservoir 4.
2) At night, the water pump 21 is turned off. At this time, the adsorber 11 starts to cool down, and the adsorbent in the adsorber 11 starts to absorb the gaseous adsorbent and release heat. The released heat is carried away by the air in the air duct 14. The absorption of the gaseous adsorbent causes the pressure of the gaseous adsorbent in the adsorber 11, the delivery pipe 12, and the condensation reservoir 4 to decrease, and the liquid adsorbent in the condensation reservoir 4 begins to evaporate and absorb heat from the heat pipe condenser 6. The working fluid in the heat pipe condenser 6 starts to liquefy and flows to the heat pipe evaporator 23 in the fresh air pipe 7 along the second heat pipe adiabatic return pipe 5, and evaporates and absorbs the heat of the fresh air in the heat pipe evaporator 23. At night, the fresh air can be cooled twice by the second heat pipe condensation evaporator 10 and the heat pipe evaporator 23, and the cooled fresh air has a lower temperature so as to bear a part of indoor air conditioning load.
The device body is used for recovering heat in indoor exhaust in winter, and utilizes solar energy to heat outdoor fresh air, reduces indoor air conditioner heating load, and the concrete setting is as follows: in the daytime, the exhaust fan 2 and the fresh air fan 8 are started, the fan 13 is closed, the first valve 16 and the second valve 18 are opened, the third valve 17, the fourth valve 15 and the fifth valve 19 are closed, and the water pump 21 is started; when no sun exists at night or in daytime, the exhaust fan 2 and the fresh air fan 8 are turned on, the fan 13 is turned off, the first valve 16 and the second valve 18 are turned off, the third valve 17 is turned on, the fourth valve 15 and the fifth valve 19 are turned off, and the water pump 21 is turned off; specifically: 1) When the sun exists in the daytime, the outdoor low-temperature fresh air passes through the fresh air pipe 7, is heated by the second heat pipe condensation evaporator 10, enters the air pipe 14 through the valve 16, is secondarily heated by the heater 20 in the air pipe 14, enters the fresh air pipe 7 through the valve 18 and then enters the room, and the higher fresh air temperature can bear a part of indoor heating load. The indoor high-temperature exhaust air is cooled by the exhaust pipe 1 through the first heat pipe condensation evaporator 3 and then is exhausted to the outside. The solar heat collector 22 sends the collected heat to the heater 20 through the water pump 21, and fresh air is heated by the heater 20 in the air pipe 14.
2) At night, the exhaust fan in the exhaust pipe 1 and the fresh air in the fresh air pipe 7 only perform heat recovery through the heat-insulating return pipe of the first heat pipe.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3 to fig. 4, the performance test of the solar fresh air heat recovery device provided by the invention is performed by a specific experimental example, and the specific contents are as follows:
1. device body size
The built fresh air heat recovery device experiment table consists of an oblique flow pipeline fan, an air pipe, a fin heating pipe, a pressure regulator, a micro-channel heat pipe and a data acquisition system. The cold end air pipe is made of polystyrene foam plates with the thickness of 5cm, the fresh air heating section of the hot end air pipe is made of 3cm high-temperature-resistant aluminum silicate heat insulation plates, and polyurethane foam joint filling agent is used at the joint and the joint of the fan to ensure tightness of the air pipe. The length of the microchannel heat pipe selected in the method is 500mm, the width is 50mm, the thickness is 3mm, a plurality of parallel microchannels which are independent of each other are arranged in the microchannel heat pipe, the pipe wall is made of pure aluminum, the internal working fluid is mixed liquid mainly containing acetone, and the lengths of an evaporation section and a condensation section are 150mm. And uniformly coating heat-conducting silicone grease on the surface of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe, and adhering a radiating fin to strengthen heat transfer. The length of the radiating fins is 50mm, the width of the radiating fins is 30mm, the tooth density is 26 teeth, 20 radiating fins are adhered to one heat pipe, the installation form of the heat pipe is a row of 10 radiating fins, 2 rows of the radiating fins are arranged vertically and in parallel, and the gaps of the heat pipe heat insulation sections are filled with aluminum foil heat insulation cotton.
When the device is started, air is pressed out by the cold end fan and the hot end fan, fresh air flows to the lower end of the heat pipe after being heated by the fin heating pipe, working medium in the heat pipe is heated and boiled, generated steam carries heat to the upper end of the heat pipe, cold end air is heated by the fins, and the steam returns to the lower end of the hot end to cool the hot end air along with gravity after being condensed when meeting cold, and the steam is circulated and reciprocated. The experimental flow chart and the distribution of the temperature measuring points and the wind speed measuring points are shown in figure 3.
2. Device performance evaluation index
The heat recovery device can be evaluated by the temperature efficiency of the device, is defined as the ratio of the actual heat exchange amount to the theoretical maximum heat exchange amount, and is related to factors such as the head-on wind speed of the heat exchanger, the inclination angle of the heat pipe, the cold-hot air flow ratio and the like. According to the cooling capacity recovery efficiency of the heat-development type heat exchange device specified in GB/T21087-2020 heat recovery fresh air handling unit, which is not less than 65%, the calculation formula is as follows:
cold recovery efficiency E c
Wherein L is x The mass flow rate of fresh air is kg/h; l (L) min Is the smaller value of the fresh air mass flow and the exhaust air mass flow, kg/h; t is t 1 The temperature is the temperature of a dry ball at a fresh air inlet or the ambient temperature; t is t 2 The temperature of the dry bulb at the fresh air outlet is set to be the temperature; t is t 3 Is the temperature of dry ball at the exhaust inlet or indoorTemperature, DEG C.
3. Results of Performance test
The experimental device is vertically arranged, the head-on wind speed is controlled to be 1m/s in real time through the display value of a hot wire type anemometer, the fresh air/exhaust flow ratio is 100%, and the indoor temperature is 26 ℃. The temperature of the fin heater is controlled to heat fresh air, and the temperature t of the fresh air 1 Setting at 30deg.C, 32deg.C, 34 deg.C, 36 deg.C, 38deg.C and 40 deg.C for 6 working conditions.
Table 1 shows experimental data of temperatures of the inlet and outlet of fresh air and exhaust air, and the temperature efficiency E under the corresponding working condition is calculated by combining the above formula c The influence of factors such as air leakage and heat dissipation of the air pipe on the calculation result is ignored in calculation, and the influence is shown in fig. 4.
TABLE 1 New and exhaust Inlet and Outlet test point data
4. Device efficiency estimation
4.1 evaluation of summer efficiency
According to the above-mentioned cold recovery efficiency E c In the calculation formula, in the traditional heat pipe type fresh air heat recovery heat exchanger, fresh air is cooled for 1 time only, and the temperature is reduced to t 2 But the invention can cool the fresh air for 2 times, and finally the temperature is reduced to t 2b And because the adsorption refrigeration principle is used for cooling, the temperature can be lowered, and the temperature t is assumed 2b The temperature is reduced to 7 ℃, and the efficiency can reach 230-560 percent, which is far higher than that of the traditional heat pipe type heat recovery device by 62-80 percent. And because the temperature drop of the invention is lower, part of fresh air wet load can be borne.
4.2 winter efficiency assessment
Under the condition that the outdoor temperature is 0 ℃ and the indoor temperature is 20 ℃, the temperature of fresh air entering the room can be increased by about 4-10 ℃ according to the sensible heat recovery efficiency of 70 percent, and the fresh air temperature can be increased by more than 10 ℃ (the specific numerical value is related to the area of the heat collector and the fresh air volume) due to the fact that the fresh air is heated by solar energy.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. The solar fresh air heat recovery device is characterized by comprising an exhaust pipe (1), a fresh air pipe (7) and an air pipe (14), wherein an exhaust fan (2) is arranged at one end inside the exhaust pipe (1), a fresh air fan (8) is arranged at one end inside the fresh air pipe (7), and a fan (13) is arranged at one end inside the air pipe (14); a first heat pipe condensation evaporator (3) and a condensation liquid reservoir (4) are also arranged in the exhaust pipe (1), a second heat pipe condensation evaporator (10) is arranged in the fresh air pipe (7), and the first heat pipe condensation evaporator (3) and the second heat pipe condensation evaporator (10) are communicated through a first heat pipe heat insulation return pipe (9); a heat pipe condenser (6) is arranged in the condensation liquid reservoir (4), a heat pipe evaporator (23) is arranged in the fresh air pipe (7), and a second heat pipe heat insulation return pipe (5) is communicated between the heat pipe condenser (6) and the heat pipe evaporator (23); an absorber (11) is arranged in the air pipe (14), and a gaseous adsorbent conveying pipe (12) is communicated between the condensation liquid reservoir (4) and the absorber (11);
the fresh air pipe (7) is communicated with the air pipe (14) through a first communicating pipe and a second communicating pipe, a first valve (16) is arranged on the first communicating pipe, and a second valve (18) is arranged on the second communicating pipe; a third valve (17) is further arranged between the first communicating pipe and the second communicating pipe on the fresh air pipe (7), a fourth valve (15) is arranged between the fan (13) and the first communicating pipe on the air pipe (14), and a fifth valve (19) is arranged at one end far away from the fan (13); a heat exchange mechanism is also integrally arranged on the air pipe (14), and comprises a heat exchanger (20), a water pump (21) and a solar heat collector (22);
the first heat pipe condensation evaporator (3) is set as a condensation end in summer and an evaporation end in winter; the second heat pipe condensation evaporator (10) is arranged as an evaporation end in summer and a condensation end in winter;
the device body is used for recovering heat in indoor exhaust in winter, and utilizes solar energy to heat outdoor fresh air, reduces indoor air conditioner heating load, and the concrete setting is as follows: the air exhauster (2) and the fresh air blower (8) are opened in daytime, the air blower (13) is closed, the first valve (16) and the second valve (18) are opened, the third valve (17), the fourth valve (15) and the fifth valve (19) are closed, and the water pump (21) is opened; when no sun exists at night or in daytime, the exhaust fan (2) and the fresh air fan (8) are started, the fan (13) is closed, the first valve (16) and the second valve (18) are closed, the third valve (17) is opened, the fourth valve (15) and the fifth valve (19) are closed, and the water pump (21) is closed.
2. The solar fresh air heat recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the device body is used for recovering cold energy in indoor exhaust air in summer and utilizing solar energy for refrigeration to reduce outdoor fresh air temperature and indoor air conditioning load, and the device is specifically provided with the following steps: the exhaust fan (2), the fresh air fan (8) and the fan (13) are opened, the first valve (16) and the second valve (18) are closed, and the third valve (17), the fourth valve (15) and the fifth valve (19) are opened; the water pump (21) is turned on in the daytime when the sun is present, and the water pump (21) is turned off at night or in the daytime when the sun is not present.
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CN204227618U (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-25 | 贝莱特空调有限公司 | A kind of economic benefits and social benefits heat pipe-type heat recovery energy-saving fresh air handining unit |
CN105042815A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-11-11 | 安徽建筑大学 | Secondary heat recovery heat-tube type air conditioning system |
CN105387584A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-03-09 | 上海理工大学 | Multifunctional household fresh air purification treatment machine with air exhausting and heat recycling functions |
CN211290456U (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-08-18 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Step heat pipe heat recovery air treatment system |
CN112902465A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-04 | 郑州大学 | Solar heat utilization and underground building ventilation system based on pulsating heat pipe |
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