CN104818457A - Cutter with W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coating and manufacturing technology thereof - Google Patents
Cutter with W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coating and manufacturing technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104818457A CN104818457A CN201510182540.0A CN201510182540A CN104818457A CN 104818457 A CN104818457 A CN 104818457A CN 201510182540 A CN201510182540 A CN 201510182540A CN 104818457 A CN104818457 A CN 104818457A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical cutting tool manufacturing, and particularly relates to a cutter with a W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coating and a manufacturing technology of the cutter with the W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coating. The cutter is manufactured through the combination between a multi-arc ion plating method and a medium-frequency magnetron sputtering method, the W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coating is arranged on the surface of the cutter, and a Zr transition layer is arranged between the W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coating and a cutter body. According to the invention, due to the fact that the metal element Zr and the nonmetal element C are added to the cutter with the W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coating, the hardness of a WS2 coating can be greatly improved, and the coating of the cutter has high hardness and low frictional coefficients, and can reduce the cutting force and abrasion of the cutter and prolong the service life of the cutter. The manufacturing technology of the cutter with the W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coating is convenient, and can be widely applied to machining of difficult-to-machine materials such as dry cutting materials and high-plasticity materials.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of mechanical cutting tool manufacture, particularly relate to a kind of W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter and preparation technology thereof.
Two, background technology
When dry machining technology, owing to there is no cooling and the lubrication of cutting fluid, between cutter and workpiece, a large amount of heat in metal cuttings can be produced, processing conditions is worsened.Self-lubricating coat in use cutter is a kind of effective ways of cutter Frotteurism when improving dry cutting.Self-lubricating coat in use conventional at present mainly contains following several: the frictional coefficient of (1) coating own is low, has self-lubricating function, and this type coating can be divided into DLC, CN again
xthe hard coats such as type coating and MoS
2, WS
2the soft coatings such as type coating; (2) the product frictional coefficient of coating friction generation is low, has self-lubricating function, mainly refers to TiAlVN type coating.Wherein MoS
2, WS
2type coating can be considered to be worth doing at cutter, cutter work zone of action generates the transfer film with laminate structure, and lubricant effect is good.But MoS
2, WS
2the laminate structure itself had makes such coating hardness lower, is not well positioned to meet the requirement of self-lubricating.At MoS
2, WS
2add the non-metallic elements such as metallic element and C, N such as Ti, Cu, Cr in coating and can improve MoS
2, WS
2the hardness of coating.
Chinese patent " application number 200610068975.3 " reports self-lubricating compound soft coating cutter and preparation method thereof, and it is at tool surface coating MoS
2/ Zr/Ti compound coating realizes the self-lubricating of cutter, but the hardness of this coating is lower, and the effective acting time of self-lubricating coat in use is shorter.Document [TribologyInternational 47 (2012) 188-193] reports in steel matrix surface-coated W-S-C coating to prepare self-lubricating coat in use, but do not add the metallic elements such as Cr, Ti in the coating, coating hardness improves limited, and still difficulty meets machining requirement.
Three, summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing MoS
2, WS
2the deficiency that class self-lubricating coat in use hardness is lower, provides a kind of W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter and preparation technology thereof.
W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter, by adding metallic element Zr and non-metallic element C, improves WS
2coating hardness, coating hardness improves mechanism and mainly contains following aspect: adding of (1) Zr element makes WS
2lattice distorts, and produces solution strengthening; (2) WS is made adding of C element
2lattice distorts, and produces solution strengthening; (3) C element add can and WS
2in W Element generation WC hard and metallographic; (4) C element, adding of Zr element ZrC Wimet phase can be generated in coating deposition process.W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter has higher hardness while guarantee self-lubricating function, improves the cutting ability of coated cutting tool; Preparation technology can produce W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter easily.
The object of the invention is to realize as follows: W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter, tool matrix material is rapid steel or Wimet, and tool surface is W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use, is Zr transition layer between W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use and tool matrix.
The method of the W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter described in preparation is: depositional mode is multi-arc ion coating deposition Zr transition layer+mid frequency sputtering deposition W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use, and its step of preparation process is:
(1) prepare W-S-C-Zr composition target: with numerical-control processing method diameter be 101.6mm, to be that the sputter area central position of the C target of 5mm is uniform process 10 ~ 15 circumferential blind holes to thickness, the diameter of blind hole is less than the width of sputter area, and the degree of depth of blind hole is 3mm; In the blind hole of processing, identical with blind hole diameter, that thickness is 5mm C disk, WS are put in interval
2disk and Zr disk;
(2) in coating equipment medium frequency magnetron sputtering target installation site, a Zr electric arc target is installed, two W-S-C-Zr composition targets;
(3) pre-treatment: by tool matrix surface finish to minute surface, removes surface contaminant, puts into alcohol and acetone successively, the each 25min of ultrasonic cleaning, remove the greasy dirt of tool surface, put into vacuum chamber of film coating machine rapidly after abundant drying, vacuumize and make vacuum chamber base vacuum be 7.0 × 10
-3pa, is heated to 150 ~ 250 DEG C, insulation 30min;
(4) Ion Cleaning: logical Ar gas, air pressure is 1.5Pa, unbalanced pulse grid bias power supply, and voltage is 800V, and dutycycle is 0.2, Glow Discharge Cleaning 15min; Reduce and be biased into 300V, dutycycle is 0.2, and air pressure is down to 0.5Pa, opens ion source, and open arc source Zr target, electric current is adjusted to 60 ~ 65A, Ion Cleaning 2 ~ 3min;
(5) Zr transition layer is deposited: Zr target current is adjusted to 70 ~ 75A, electric arc plating Zr 3 ~ 5min;
(6) W-S-C-Zr layer is deposited: close Zr target, bias voltage is down to 100V, air pressure is adjusted to 0.6 ~ 0.7Pa, open two W-S-C-Zr composition targets, target current is 1.0 ~ 2.0A, adjust bias voltage every 20 ~ 30min and be followed successively by 100V, 75V, 50V, 75V, 100V, deposition W-S-C-Zr layer 100 ~ 150min;
(7) aftertreatment: close two W-S-C-Zr composition targets, closes ion source and gas source, and close pulsed bias, coating terminates.
C disk, the WS of blind hole is put into by adjustment
2the quantity of disk and Zr disk, the content of C element and Zr element in adjustable W-S-C-Zr coating, make C element optimized percentage in W-S-C-Zr coating between 35% ~ 45%, Zr element optimized percentage is between 7% ~ 15%.
Between W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use and tool matrix, there is Zr transition layer in prepared W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter, can unrelieved stress be reduced, improve the bonding strength between coating and tool matrix.In medium frequency magnetron sputtering deposition, apply W-S-C-Zr composition target can the content of C element, Zr element in control W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use, under the prerequisite not damaging W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use lubricity, adjustment W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use hardness reaches optimum value, and properties of coating obtains larger raising.
Prepared W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter combines and adds Zr element and C element makes WS
2the method that coating hardness improves, and the Wimet phases such as WC, ZrC are generated in W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use, coating hardness improves further, and supporting capacity is improved.Because C itself is a kind of excellent lubricant, in W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use C element add the lubricity improving coating, the temperature range making coating have lubrication broadens.
When prepared W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter carries out dry cutting, the WS in W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use
2solid lubricant is protected in non-crystalline state C, along with the carrying out of cutting, and WS
2be exposed to cutter bits, cutter work zone of action gradually, and WS
2grain orientation be parallel to cutter bits, cutter work contact surface, formed at tool surface and there is the lubricant film of lubrication.Along with the carrying out of cutting, the WS in W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use
2constantly form transfer film in cutter bits, cutter work zone of action, continuous lubrication is carried out to cutter.
Prepared W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter can reduce the friction of cutter bits, cutter work zone of action in machining, reduces cutting force, reduces tool wear, improves cutter life.W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter preparation technology is convenient, can be widely used in the processing of the difficult-to-machine material such as dry cutting and high-ductility material.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter coat structural representation of the present invention.In figure: 1 be W-S-C-Zr layer, 2 be Zr layer, 3 for tool matrix.
Fig. 2 is W-S-C-Zr composition target structural representation of the present invention.In figure: 4 be Zr disk, 5 be C target, 6 be C disk, 7 for WS
2disk.
Five, embodiment
Provide most preferred embodiment of the present invention below:
Embodiment one: a kind of W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter and preparation technology thereof, the body material of this cutter is: YG8 Wimet; Tool surface is W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use, is Zr transition layer between W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use and tool matrix, and depositional mode is multi-arc ion coating deposition Zr transition layer+medium frequency magnetron sputtering deposition W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use, and its step of preparation process is:
(1) prepare W-S-C-Zr composition target: with numerical-control processing method diameter be 101.6mm, to be that the sputter area central position of the C target of 5mm is uniform process 10 ~ 15 circumferential blind holes to thickness, the diameter of blind hole is 17mm, and the degree of depth of blind hole is 3mm; In the blind hole of processing, C disk, the WS that diameter is 17mm, thickness is 5mm is put at interval
2disk and Zr disk;
(2) in coating equipment medium frequency magnetron sputtering target installation site, a Zr electric arc target, two W-S-C-Zr composition targets are installed;
(3) pre-treatment: by tool matrix surface finish to minute surface, removes surface contaminant, puts into alcohol and acetone successively, the each 25min of ultrasonic cleaning, remove the greasy dirt of tool surface, put into vacuum chamber of film coating machine rapidly after abundant drying, vacuumize and make vacuum chamber base vacuum be 7.0 × 10
-3pa, is heated to 200 DEG C, insulation 30min;
(4) Ion Cleaning: logical Ar gas, air pressure is 1.5Pa, unbalanced pulse grid bias power supply, and voltage is 800V, and dutycycle is 0.2, Glow Discharge Cleaning 15min; Reduce and be biased into 300V, dutycycle is 0.2, and air pressure is down to 0.5Pa, opens ion source, and open arc source Zr target, electric current is adjusted to 60A, Ion Cleaning 2min;
(5) Zr transition layer is deposited: Zr target current is adjusted to 70A, electric arc plating Zr 3min;
(6) W-S-C-Zr layer is deposited: close Zr target, bias voltage is down to 100V, and air pressure is adjusted to 0.7Pa, open two W-S-C-Zr composition targets, target current is 1.0A, adjusts bias voltage be followed successively by 100V, 75V, 50V, 75V, 100V every 20min, deposition W-S-C-Zr layer 100min;
(7) aftertreatment: close two W-S-C-Zr composition targets, closes ion source and gas source, and close pulsed bias, coating terminates.
By changing C disk, WS
2the quantity of disk and Zr disk, the content of C element and Zr element in adjustable W-S-C-Zr coating, make C element optimized percentage in W-S-C-Zr coating between 35% ~ 45%, Zr element optimized percentage is between 7% ~ 15%.
Embodiment two: a kind of W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter and preparation technology thereof, the High Speed Steel Twist Drill of this cutter to be body material be W18Cr4V; Tool surface is W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use, is Zr transition layer between W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use and tool matrix, and depositional mode is multi-arc ion coating deposition Zr transition layer+medium frequency magnetron sputtering deposition W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use, and its step of preparation process is:
(1) prepare W-S-C-Zr composition target: with numerical-control processing method diameter be 101.6mm, to be that the sputter area central position of the C target of 5mm is uniform process 10 ~ 15 circumferential blind holes to thickness, the diameter of blind hole is 17mm, and the degree of depth of blind hole is 3mm; In the blind hole of processing, C disk, the WS that diameter is 17mm, thickness is 5mm is put at interval
2disk and Zr disk;
(2) in coating equipment medium frequency magnetron sputtering target installation site, a Zr electric arc target, two W-S-C-Zr composition targets are installed;
(3) pre-treatment: carry out grinding and polishing to cutter matrix surface, removes surface contaminant, puts into alcohol and acetone successively, the each 25min of ultrasonic cleaning, remove the greasy dirt of tool surface, put into vacuum chamber of film coating machine rapidly after abundant drying, vacuumize and make vacuum chamber base vacuum be 7.0 × 10
-3pa, is heated to 250 DEG C, insulation 30min;
(4) Ion Cleaning: logical Ar gas, air pressure is 1.5Pa, unbalanced pulse grid bias power supply, and voltage is 800V, and dutycycle is 0.2, Glow Discharge Cleaning 15min; Reduce and be biased into 300V, dutycycle is 0.2, and air pressure is down to 0.5Pa, opens ion source, and open arc source Zr target, electric current is adjusted to 65A, Ion Cleaning 3min;
(5) Zr transition layer is deposited: Zr target current is adjusted to 75A, electric arc plating Zr 5min;
(6) W-S-C-Zr layer is deposited: close Zr target, bias voltage is down to 100V, and air pressure is adjusted to 0.6Pa, open two W-S-C-Zr composition targets, target current is 1.5A, adjusts bias voltage be followed successively by 100V, 75V, 50V, 75V, 100V every 30min, deposition W-S-C-Zr layer 150min;
(7) aftertreatment: close two W-S-C-Zr composition targets, closes ion source and gas source, and close pulsed bias, coating terminates.
By changing C disk, WS
2the quantity of disk and Zr disk, the content of C element and Zr element in adjustable W-S-C-Zr coating, make C element optimized percentage in W-S-C-Zr coating between 35% ~ 45%, Zr element optimized percentage is between 7% ~ 15%.
Claims (3)
1.W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter, tool matrix material is rapid steel or Wimet, it is characterized in that: tool surface is W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use, is Zr transition layer between W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use and tool matrix.
2.W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter and preparation technology thereof, is characterized in that: depositional mode is multi-arc ion coating deposition Zr transition layer+medium frequency magnetron sputtering deposition W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use, it is characterized in that step of preparation process is:
(1) prepare W-S-C-Zr composition target: with numerical-control processing method diameter be 101.6mm, to be that the sputter area central position of the C target of 5mm is uniform process 10 ~ 15 circumferential blind holes to thickness, the diameter of blind hole is less than the width of sputter area, and the degree of depth of blind hole is 3mm; In the blind hole of processing, identical with blind hole diameter, that thickness is 5mm C disk, WS are put in interval
2disk and Zr disk;
(2) in coating equipment medium frequency magnetron sputtering target installation site, a Zr electric arc target is installed, two W-S-C-Zr composition targets;
(3) pre-treatment: by tool matrix surface finish to minute surface, removes surface contaminant, puts into alcohol and acetone successively, the each 25min of ultrasonic cleaning, remove the greasy dirt of tool surface, put into vacuum chamber of film coating machine rapidly after abundant drying, vacuumize and make vacuum chamber base vacuum be 7.0 × 10
-3pa, is heated to 150 ~ 250 DEG C, insulation 30min;
(4) Ion Cleaning: logical Ar gas, air pressure is 1.5Pa, unbalanced pulse grid bias power supply, and voltage is 800V, and dutycycle is 0.2, Glow Discharge Cleaning 15min; Reduce and be biased into 300V, dutycycle is 0.2, and air pressure is down to 0.5Pa, opens ion source, and open arc source Zr target, electric current is adjusted to 60 ~ 65A, Ion Cleaning 2 ~ 3min;
(5) Zr transition layer is deposited: Zr target current is adjusted to 70 ~ 75A, electric arc plating Zr 3 ~ 5min;
(6) W-S-C-Zr layer is deposited: close Zr target, bias voltage is down to 100V, air pressure is adjusted to 0.6 ~ 0.7Pa, open two W-S-C-Zr composition targets, target current is 1.0 ~ 2.0A, adjust bias voltage every 20 ~ 30min and be followed successively by 100V, 75V, 50V, 75V, 100V, deposition W-S-C-Zr layer 100 ~ 150min;
(7) aftertreatment: close two W-S-C-Zr composition targets, closes ion source and gas source, and close pulsed bias, coating terminates.
3. W-S-C-Zr self-lubricating coat in use cutter according to claim 2 and preparation technology thereof, is characterized in that the C disk, the WS that are put into blind hole by adjustment
2the quantity of disk and Zr disk, the content of C element and Zr element in adjustable W-S-C-Zr coating, make C element optimized percentage in W-S-C-Zr coating between 35% ~ 45%, Zr element optimized percentage is between 7% ~ 15%.
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| CN106191765A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-07 | 山东大学 | Texturing soft and rigid composite coating layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106498393A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-03-15 | 山东大学 | Micro- texture ZrVSiN self adaptation coated cutting tool and its preparation technology |
| CN107058948A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2017-08-18 | 厦门大学 | A kind of soft and rigid composite coating layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110172665A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-27 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Lubricating film and preparation method thereof, purposes |
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