CN104814025A - Mustard type rape chemical gametocide as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Mustard type rape chemical gametocide as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a rape chemical gametocide comprising the active ingredients of tribenuron-methyl, acetochlor and forchlorfenuron, wherein the concentration of the tribenuron-methyl is 0.5-0.8mg/L, the concentration of the acetochlor is 0.15-0.24ml/L, and the concentration of the forchlorfenuron is 0.08-0.13g/L. A preparation method of the chemical gametocide comprises the following steps: (1) adding water to dissolve the tribenuron-methyl and fix the volume; (2) adding water to dilute the acetochlor and fix the volume; (3) dissolving the forchlorfenuron by using 95% ethanol, and then adding water to fix the volume; and (4) mixing the solutions with fixed volumes together uniformly. When the chemical gametocide provided by the invention is used for treating mustard type rape plants, the male sterility inductivity reaches up to 98-100%, and the dead pollen rate reaches 100%. Moreover, the rape chemical gametocide does not generate phytotoxicity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant genetics and breeding field, in particular to a kind of mustard type rape male sterilant and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Hybrid vigour is the universal phenomenon of biosphere.Hybrid vigour is utilized to obtain significant achievement on the crops such as corn, paddy rice, rape, cotton, wheat, Chinese sorghum.China is the country of first large scale application cross-bred rape after hybrid rice.According to statistics, from 2000 to 2005, the cross rape of national and provincial authorization accounts for 78.3% of authorization rape variety, and production obtains large-area applying, and serves important function for promoting China's rapeseed breeding level and promoting development of rape industry.Rape is the crop utilizing hybrid vigour approach maximum, and main utilization ways comprises cytoplasmic male sterility, nuclear male sterility, Self-Incompatibility, chemical induction male sterile etc., and application in production all.
The great advantage of cytoplasmic male sterile line easily realizes three series mating, but there is limitation to the apolegamy of restorer; The advantage of genie male sterile line easily matches influential point set, but need to pull out 50% fertile plant in producing, and not only added workload, but also have impact on hybrid purity; , there is the phenomenons such as seed selection pure lines difficulty, inbreeding depression in self incompatible line.And utilize male sterilant to induce rapeseed male sterility, because of have combination selection freely, by genotype restriction, there is no cytoplasmic effect, without the need to seed selection male sterile line and restorer, the feature such as breeding cycle frequency that is short, that filter out influential point set is high, production of hybrid seeds program is simple, oneself becomes a new technology of current rape heterosis research and utilization.
Mustard type rape originates in oil crop as the Northwest, has drought-resistant, not easily splits pod, early ripe, the advantages such as individual plant bears pods many, and yellow seed type is many, oil content high (more than 45%).But in production application, because mustard type rape exists the narrow problem of Restorer varieties, cause heterosis utilization difficulty, not yet formed so far three be, two be utilize heterotic effective technology with self incompatible line etc.Therefore, by chemical emasculation method apolegamy crossbreed, become mustard type rape and utilize one of heterotic desirable route.
Male sterilant sprays to the regular period at crop growth, can induction of male sterility.The principle of induction gametocide is according to the difference of plant Pistil And Stamen to drug resistance degree, before male plant Organ Differentiation or in growth course, spray interior absorption chemical agent, through a series of physiological and biochemical procedure, to stop the formation of pollen or to suppress the normal development of pollen and cause male sterile.The research of chemical inducer induction of male sterility becomes study hotspot both domestic and external.China occupies first place in the world in the male sterile research on utilization of chemical induction, be widely used on the crops such as wheat, rape, paddy rice at present, filter out more male sterilant, but, up to now, yet there are no the report of special male sterilant and the application study of developing for mustard type rape.
Based on above reason, research and probe is a kind of is suitable for efficient, cheap, low toxicity male sterilant and the application method easily thereof of mustard type rape, is that northwest juncea spring rape utilizes heterotic important means.
In view of this, special proposition the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of male sterilant being applicable to mustard type rape, and the active component of described male sterilant comprises 0.5 ~ 0.8mg/L tribenuron-methyl, 0.15 ~ 0.24ml/L Acetochlor and 0.08 ~ 0.13g/L CPPU.After using male sterilant process mustard type rape plant provided by the invention, male sterile inductivity is up to 98% ~ 100%, and dead pollen rate reaches 100%.Further, poisoning is not produced.
The second object of the present invention is the preparation method providing a kind of described male sterilant, and this preparation method is simple and convenient, ensures that all components fully mixes, forms the uniform medicament of content.
The third object of the present invention is the purposes providing above-mentioned male sterilant.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:
A kind of rape male sterilant, the active component of described male sterilant comprises: tribenuron-methyl, Acetochlor and CPPU;
The concentration of described tribenuron-methyl is 0.5 ~ 0.8mg/L; The concentration of described Acetochlor is 0.15 ~ 0.24ml/L; The concentration of described CPPU is 0.08 ~ 0.13g/L.
Provided by the inventionly be applicable in the male sterilant of mustard type rape, containing tribenuron-methyl, Acetochlor and CPPU, use male sterilant process plant provided by the invention, male sterile inductivity is up to 98% ~ 100%, and dead pollen rate reaches 100%.Further, poisoning is not produced.The content of three kinds of active principles is most important, and when concentration is too low, full-bloom stage there will be pollinia.During excessive concentration, produce serious poisoning, affect the normal growth of rapeseed plants.
Preferably, the concentration of tribenuron-methyl is 0.6 ~ 0.7mg/L; The concentration of Acetochlor is 0.18 ~ 0.21ml/L; The concentration of described pyrrole urea is 0.09 ~ 0.11g/L.
Further preferably, the concentration of tribenuron-methyl is 0.6mg/L; The concentration of Acetochlor is 0.18ml/L; The concentration of CPPU is 0.098g/L.In order to increase the adhesive ability of male gametocide on plant surface, to ensure gametocidal effect, in male sterilant provided by the invention, also added sticker.The kind of sticker is preferably organosilicon synergist, does not affect the effect of medicament, and its concentration is preferably 0.3 ~ 0.5ml/L.
A preparation method for rape male sterilant provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
(1) tribenuron-methyl be dissolved in water, constant volume;
(2) Acetochlor thin up, constant volume;
(3), after CPPU dissolves with 95% ethanol, add water constant volume;
(4) solution after constant volume is mixed.
Preparation method provided by the invention is simple and convenient, ensures that all components fully mixes, forms the uniform medicament of content.
Preferably, in order to ensure gametocidal effect, in male sterilant provided by the invention, also added sticker, in the preparation, measuring appropriate sticker, mixing with all the other components after the constant volume that adds water.Consider from the pot-life, the wet concentration of dissolving and constant volume selects the lower kind of impurity content, such as distilled water, pure water.
In order to ensure that in male sterilant, all components fully mixes, and does not produce lamination, causing its drug effect uneven, preferably, in described step (4), stirring when the solution after constant volume is mixed.
A kind of male sterilant provided by the present invention is as the application in mustard type rape male gametocide.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) provide a kind of male sterilant being applicable to mustard type rape, after using its process mustard type rape plant, male sterile inductivity is up to 98% ~ 100%, and dead pollen rate reaches 100%.Further, poisoning is not produced.
(2) in the present invention, in male sterilant, also added sticker, increase the adhesive ability of male gametocide on plant surface, to ensure gametocidal effect.The kind of sticker is preferably organosilicon synergist, does not affect the effect of medicament, and its concentration is preferably 0.3 ~ 0.5ml/L.
(3) present invention also offers the simple and convenient preparation method of a kind of described male sterilant, ensure that all components fully mixes, form the uniform medicament of content.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below.
Fig. 1 is the impact of male sterilant on Pollen Activity of the variable concentrations examined under a microscope.
Fig. 2 uses the impact on stamen before and after male sterilant.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but it will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example only for illustration of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, the condition of conveniently conditioned disjunction manufacturer suggestion is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be and can buy by commercially available the conventional products obtained.
Embodiment 1
Take tribenuron-methyl 0.5mg, add after 100ml distilled water fully dissolves and be transferred in the volumetric flask of 500ml, be settled to 500ml.
Measure 50% Acetochlor 0.3ml, be transferred to after adding 50ml distilled water diluting in 250ml capacity product, be settled to 250ml.
Take 80% CPPU 0.1g, add after 50ml 95% ethanol fully dissolves and be transferred in 250ml volumetric flask, be settled to 250ml.
After constant volume three kind of solution is all mixed, after mixing, namely obtains the male sterilant being applicable to mustard type rape.Wherein, the concentration of tribenuron-methyl is 0.5mg/L, and the concentration of Acetochlor is 0.15ml/L, and the concentration of CPPU is 0.08g/L.
Embodiment 2
Take 80% tribenuron-methyl 1mg, add after 150ml distilled water fully dissolves and be transferred in the volumetric flask of 500ml, be settled to 500ml.
Measure 80% Acetochlor 0.3ml, be transferred to after adding 50ml distilled water diluting in 250ml capacity product, be settled to 250ml.
Take 80% CPPU 0.1625g, add after 50ml 95% ethanol fully dissolves and be transferred in 250ml volumetric flask, be settled to 250ml.
After constant volume three kind of solution is all mixed, after mixing, namely obtains the male sterilant being applicable to mustard type rape.Wherein, the concentration of tribenuron-methyl is 0.8mg/L, and the concentration of Acetochlor is 0.24ml/L, and the concentration of CPPU is 0.13g/L.
Embodiment 3
Take 80% tribenuron-methyl 0.875mg, add after 200ml distilled water fully dissolves and be transferred in the volumetric flask of 500ml, be settled to 500ml.
Measure 70% Acetochlor 0.3ml, be transferred to after adding 50ml distilled water diluting in 250ml capacity product, be settled to 250ml.
Take 98% CPPU 0.1122g, add after 50ml 95% ethanol fully dissolves and be transferred in 250ml volumetric flask, be settled to 250ml.
After constant volume three kind of solution is all mixed, after mixing, namely obtains the male sterilant being applicable to mustard type rape.Wherein, the concentration of tribenuron-methyl is 0.7mg/L, and the concentration of Acetochlor is 0.21ml/L, and the concentration of CPPU is 0.11g/L.
Embodiment 4
Take 75% tribenuron-methyl 0.8mg, add after 200ml distilled water fully dissolves and be transferred in the volumetric flask of 500ml, be settled to 500ml.
Measure 90% Acetochlor 0.2ml, be transferred to after adding 50ml distilled water diluting in 250ml capacity product, be settled to 250ml.
Take 98% CPPU 0.1g, add after 50ml 95% ethanol fully dissolves and be transferred in 250ml volumetric flask, be settled to 250ml.
After constant volume three kind of solution is all mixed, after mixing, namely obtains the male sterilant being applicable to mustard type rape.Wherein, the concentration of tribenuron-methyl is 0.6mg/L, and the concentration of Acetochlor is 0.18ml/L, and the concentration of CPPU is 0.098g/L.
Embodiment 5
Take 75% tribenuron-methyl 0.8mg, add after 200ml distilled water fully dissolves and be transferred in the volumetric flask of 500ml, be settled to 500ml.
Measure 90% Acetochlor 0.2ml, be transferred to after adding 50ml distilled water diluting in 250ml capacity product, be settled to 250ml.
Take 98% CPPU 0.1g, add after 50ml 95% ethanol fully dissolves and be transferred in 250ml volumetric flask, be settled to 200ml.
Measure organosilicon synergist 0.4ml, be diluted with water to 50ml.
After constant volume four kind of solution is all mixed, after mixing, namely obtains the male sterilant being applicable to mustard type rape.Wherein, the concentration of tribenuron-methyl is 0.6mg/L, and the concentration of Acetochlor is 0.18ml/L, and the concentration of CPPU is 0.098g/L, and the concentration of organosilicon synergist is 0.4ml/L.
Experimental example
Carry out field experiment in 2013,2,014 two respectively.Often process is by community plantation, and about row 120 strain of every community 4, the long 3m of row, line-spacing 0.4m, spacing in the rows 0.1m, extract assorted seedling, seedling, makes growing way neat and consistent, and field management is with general land for growing field crops.At rape flowering, to be treated to unit, in conjunction with Pollen Activity microscopy result and fertility standard, all kinds of fertility strain numbers such as the strain of statistics rape complete sterility, half sterile strain, fertile plant, calculate each process sterile plant rate and poisoning strain rate.
(1) toeatment period and number of times: spray medicine toeatment period 3, be respectively T1 in squaring period, namely there is small bud in 50% plant; Peduncle-growing period for rapeseed T2, namely 75% plant stem starts to extend, the long 2-3mm of bud; Initial bloom stage T3, namely 50% plant first the flowers are in blossom puts.Establish 3 repetitions each period, one repeats as spraying once; Two repeat as spraying secondary, second time spray first time spray after 10 days; Three repeat to spray clear water in contrast.
(2) chemical emasculation agent concentration: take 75% tribenuron-methyl 0.1g, distilled water dissolves, is settled to 500ml; Measure 90% Acetochlor 25ml, distilled water dissolves, is settled to 250ml; Take 98% CPPU 12.5g, 95% ethanol fully dissolves, and distilled water is settled to 250ml; Homogeneous phase mixing, obtains 1000ml mustard type rape male sterilant mother liquor.
Get mother liquor, be mixed with the concentration shown in table 1 respectively.
Table 1 male sterilant concentration gradient table
Note: in table, 0/0/0 represents successively respectively, tribenuron-methyl concentration (mg/L)/Acetochlor concentration (ml/L)/CPPU concentration (g/L).
In use, be added into organosilicon synergist in every portion, the concentration of organosilicon synergist in male sterilant is 0.4ml/L.
The male sterilant of C2 concentration is the male sterilant that in the present invention prepared by embodiment 5.CK and C1, C3, C4 are contrast concentration.
(3) individual plant is by dose: it is 4ml that first time sprays individual plant by dose, and control treatment only sprays respective numbers clear water.Second time sprays at first time spray medicine after 10 days, and individual plant is 7ml by dose.
(4) different disposal period and number of times are on the impact of plant fertility
Spray a medicament to educate sex survey data to mustard type rape plant and list in table 2.Result shows, difference sprays the male sterile inductivity of period to mustard type rape and there are differences, and the male sterile inductivity of peduncle-growing period for rapeseed (T2) is the highest, and the male sterile inductivity of initial bloom stage (T1) is minimum.Spray the male sterile inductivity of a medicament all lower than 30% at different times, plant growing way, morphology of tea flower organ difference compared with adjoining tree is less.
Table 2 sprays medicine once on the impact of plant fertility at different times
From table 3, spray the male sterile inductivity of secondary to peduncle-growing period for rapeseed (T2) the highest, as sterile in the plant of 99.1% can be induced under C2 concentration; The male sterile inductivity spraying secondary at initial bloom stage (T3) is minimum.
Table 3 male sterilant sprays medicine secondary to the impact of plant fertility at different times
Above result shows, spraying the male sterile inductivity of number of times to mustard type rape has considerable influence, and the sterile inductivity that secondary sprays is significantly higher than and once sprays.Also there are differences at the male sterile inductivity of different disposal mustard type rape in period, no matter spray once or secondary, all the highest with the male sterile inductivity of peduncle-growing period for rapeseed (T2).This shows, too early (T1 in squaring period), plant does not reach by medicine sensitive periods spray medicine, cannot or less induction flower pesticide or pollen abortion; Spray medicine excessively slow (initial bloom stage T3), pollen microspore has been developed to dicaryotic phase with after-stage, to insecticide sensitivity reduction, causes pollen cannot stamen abortion; And the microspore development of peduncle-growing period for rapeseed (T2) is in monokaryotic stage, responsive to medicament, easily induction flower pesticide or pollen abortion, male sterile inductivity is high.
(5) different spraying concentration is on the impact of plant fertility
Under peduncle-growing period for rapeseed (T2) with secondary Study On Spraying Condition, analyze the impact of different disposal concentration on mustard type rape plant fertility.From table 4, during with the process of C1 concentration, male sterile inductivity 16.8%.The sterile plant rate of C2 concentration process is the highest, and sterile inductivity reaches 99.1%.Also there is good gametocidal effect through the process of C3 concentration, male sterile inductivity 94.2%, but occur part poisoning strain, poisoning strain rate 5.8%., there is more poisoning strain in the male sterile inductivity 54.4% of C4 concentration process, poisoning strain rate 45.6%.Result of the test shows, C2 concentration has best gametocidal effect; There is part poisoning strain in C3 concentration; C4 concentration causes comparatively major injury to plant.
The different spraying concentration of table 4 is on the impact of plant fertility
(6) different spraying concentration is on Flower Parts of Brassica Napus, plant forms and the impact of breeding time
Please refer to Fig. 1, wherein, result shown in CK-C4 is respectively kills the result of agent with the change of respective concentration listed by table 1.As shown in Figure 1, variable concentrations mustard type rape kills agent and sprays and produce obviously impact to floral organ, and compare with untreated normal fertile flower device, the sterile strain filigree that induction produces obviously shortens, and flower pesticide shrinkage does not plump, empty not plump, lopsided abortion even without pollen.
As seen from Figure 2, and do not use compared with male sterilant (listed by the first row floral organ), plant stamen (listed by the second row floral organ) is degenerated in needle-like, with cytoplasmic male sterile line stamen plesiomorphism.
In the novel built mustard type rape male sterilant of the present invention's development, containing tribenuron-methyl, Acetochlor, CPPU.Three kinds of agent activity component contents are tribenuron-methyl 0.6mg/L, Acetochlor 0.18ml/L, CPPU 0.098g/L; Use this male sterilant formulation content Suitable agents process plant, male sterile inductivity reaches 98%-100%, and dead pollen rate reaches 100%.
Utilize chemical inducer induction of male sterility, key technology is spraying period and spraying concentration, number of times.Spraying period is too early, and partial pollen appears in the whole florescence, and spraying period is excessively late, and early stage, flower pesticide broke up, and generation physiology can not be induced sterile, occurs a large amount of normal pollen; In the constant situation of total dosage, spraying concentration is too low, and full-bloom stage there will be pollinia, excessive concentration, produces serious poisoning, affects rapeseed plants normal growth and grows.
The suitable application method of this new chemical male gametocide, spray in peduncle-growing period for rapeseed (the long 2-3mm of the maximum flower bud of 50% plant) first time, suitable treatment concentration is 75% tribenuron-methyl 0.8mg/L+90% Acetochlor 0.2ml/L+98% CPPU 0.1g/L, and individual plant dose 4ml; The 10 days second time in interval spray, and individual plant dose 7ml.Spray date is 10:00-12:00 in the morning, and spray weather is calm without dew, is equipped with sticker 0.4ml/L and sprays, to ensure gametocidal effect during spray medicine.
The tribenuron-methyl used in the present invention, Acetochlor, CPPU chemical emasculation built agent are study application first on juncea spring rape, and its advantage is that induction juncea spring rape plant produces male sterile more thoroughly; Its shortcoming is that spraying period is subject to environmental influence, causes individual plant not reach uniformity by dose.Therefore select good spray medicine weather conditions, guarantee that individual plant is subject to dose, effectively could improve the sterile degree by medicine process colony's sterile plant rate and sterile strain.
Although illustrate and describe the present invention with specific embodiment, however it will be appreciated that can to make when not deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and amendment.Therefore, this means to comprise all such changes and modifications belonged in the scope of the invention in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. a rape male sterilant, is characterized in that, the active component of described male sterilant comprises: tribenuron-methyl, Acetochlor and CPPU;
The concentration of described tribenuron-methyl is 0.5 ~ 0.8mg/L; The concentration of described Acetochlor is 0.15 ~ 0.24ml/L; The concentration of described CPPU is 0.08 ~ 0.13g/L.
2. male sterilant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the concentration of described tribenuron-methyl is 0.6 ~ 0.7mg/L; The concentration of described Acetochlor is 0.18 ~ 0.21ml/L; The concentration of described CPPU is 0.09 ~ 0.11g/L.
3. male sterilant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the concentration of described tribenuron-methyl is 0.6mg/L; The concentration of described Acetochlor is 0.18ml/L; The concentration of described CPPU is 0.098g/L.
4. male sterilant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises sticker.
5. male sterilant according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described sticker is organosilicon synergist.
6. male sterilant according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the concentration of described organosilicon synergist is 0.3 ~ 0.5ml/L.
7. a preparation method for male sterilant described in any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) tribenuron-methyl be dissolved in water, constant volume;
(2) Acetochlor thin up, constant volume;
(3), after CPPU dissolves with 95% ethanol, add water constant volume;
(4) solution after constant volume is mixed.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, before described step (4), also comprises: sticker thin up, constant volume.
9. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, in described step (4), stirs when being mixed by the solution after constant volume.
10. male sterilant described in an any one of claim 1 ~ 6 is as the application in mustard type rape male gametocide.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115735923A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Chemical male sterilant of red large-piece seed melon and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101919399A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2010-12-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | Compound chemical hybridizing agent composite and application thereof |
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| CN101919399A (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2010-12-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | Compound chemical hybridizing agent composite and application thereof |
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| CN115735923A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Chemical male sterilant of red large-piece seed melon and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115735923B (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-05-31 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Chemical emasculation agent for red large-leaf melon and preparation method and application thereof |
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Inventor after: Gu Yuanguo Inventor after: Jia Donghai Inventor after: Wang Juan Inventor after: Li Qiang Inventor after: Shi Bixian Inventor after: Lei Zhonghua Inventor after: Liu Xiangyu Inventor after: Fu Xiaofa Inventor after: Tang Qiuxiang Inventor before: Gu Yuanguo |
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