CN104812809B - 分散水溶性聚合物的非水方法 - Google Patents

分散水溶性聚合物的非水方法 Download PDF

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CN104812809B
CN104812809B CN201380051894.0A CN201380051894A CN104812809B CN 104812809 B CN104812809 B CN 104812809B CN 201380051894 A CN201380051894 A CN 201380051894A CN 104812809 B CN104812809 B CN 104812809B
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A·奥伯林
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Abstract

描述使水溶性聚合物分散和水合的方法，其包含形成一或多种聚醚、一或多种水溶性聚合物和经疏水性改质的乙氧基化氨基甲酸酯的非水浆料，其条件是所述浆料含有少于5％水。可以将所述非水浆料放置得与水接触以使所述水溶性聚合物分散和水合。

Description

分散水溶性聚合物的非水方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2012年10月16日提交的美国临时专利申请第61/714,369号的优先权，所述申请以全文引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及用于分散水溶性聚合物的方法和组合物。
背景技术
许多水溶性聚合物(纤维素、纤维素衍生物、胶状物等)典型地以固体干燥形式销售，并且因此粉末处置和加工性质是极其重要的。举例来说，低粉尘含量是合乎需要的。此外，干燥粉末被从容器或盛器倾倒的能力被描述为流动性。流动性受颗粒形状和大小分布以及所得容积密度影响。容积密度是粉末状固体材料所占据的每单位体积的质量。可接受的流动性一般来说取决于相对高的容积密度和相对低的静止角。静止角是粉末的圆锥形排放堆的斜坡与上面搁置有其的表面之间的最大角，越低角代表越广泛散布的堆垛。
作为在其各种应用中使用水溶性聚合物的一部分，水溶性聚合物必须是被溶解的。溶解经常被描述为具有两个重叠现象的过程，分散和水合。分散是指使聚合物链的颗粒或群组散布到遍及溶液。水合是指使聚合物链松开并且使其流体动力学体积膨胀(和相应粘度增大)。如果分散是不良的，或如果水合胜过分散，那么水合聚合物可以溶胀，并且将相对干燥的非水合聚合物从溶液分离，形成团块。合乎需要的分散和水合通常特征分别在于有极少到无团块形成和随时间的快速粘度增大。
因此，工业中需要减少前述问题(粉尘、变流量、不一致分散或不合需要的水合速率)以便简化并入有水溶性聚合物的产品的调配。
具体实施方式
在一个实施例中，本发明提供了一种使水溶性聚合物分散和/或水合的方法，其包含形成一或多种聚醚、一或多种水溶性聚合物和经疏水性改质的乙氧基化氨基甲酸酯的非水浆料，其条件是所述浆料含有少于5％水。可以将所述非水浆料放置得与水接触以使所述水溶性聚合物分散和水合。
术语“聚醚”意指氧化溶剂或多元醇。预期聚醚可以在其组成中包括甲醚和/或丙醚单元，和/或是环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的聚二醇共聚物。
在一个实施例中，水溶性聚合物是至少一种水溶性的成膜天然和合成聚合物，包括烷基纤维素醚、羟烷基纤维素醚和羟烷基烷基纤维素醚，包括甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、羟乙基甲基纤维素(HEMC)、羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、羟丙基羟乙基纤维素(HPHEC)和羟丙基纤维素(HPC)；环氧乙烷的优选地具有约20,000或更高分子量的水溶性大分子量聚合物；天然产品，例如瓜尔胶、黄原胶和水溶性增稠剂。优选地，水溶性聚合物是选自由以下组成的群组的水溶性经改质的纤维素醚：烷基纤维素衍生物、羟烷基纤维素衍生物、阳离子羟烷基纤维素衍生物(所述阳离子物质是季烷基胺)和羧烷基纤维素衍生物。在一个实施例中，水溶性经改质的纤维素醚不是水合延迟(经表面处理)等级。优选的水溶性聚合物是羟乙基纤维素(可以商标名CELLOSIZE获自陶氏化学公司(The Dow Chemical Company))、经阳离子改质的羟乙基纤维素(cat-HEC)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(可以商标名METHOCEL获自陶氏化学公司)和聚氧化乙烯(可以商标名POLY OX获自陶氏化学公司)。
经疏水性改质的乙氧基化氨基甲酸酯(HEUR)具有20,000到80,000g/mol之间的MW。在一个实施例中，经疏水性改质的乙氧基化氨基甲酸酯是来自陶氏化学公司的ACUSOLTM880。
在一个实施例中，非水浆料具有少于4％、优选地少于3％并且更优选地少于2％水。
在一个实施例中，本发明提供了一种非水浆料，其基本上由以下组成：一或多种聚醚、一或多种水溶性聚合物和经疏水性改质的乙氧基化氨基甲酸酯，其条件是所述浆料含有少于5％水。在一个实施例中，非水浆料是无磷酸酯的。在一个实施例中，非水浆料是无油的。在一个实施例中，非水浆料是无表面活性剂的。
本发明加速了水溶性聚合物于水中的溶解，并且因此应用于个人护理和织物护理应用中，其中水溶性聚合物被水合和并入到个人护理或织物护理调配物中。在一个实施例中，调配时间归因于更快溶解而减少。
实例
实例1
本发明的非水浆料以重量百分比为单位描述于表1中：
表1
*-经表面处理
*-经表面处理
在室温下，将200mL塑料烧杯中的聚丙二醇或聚乙二醇在500rpm下搅拌(来自海道夫(Heidolph)，德国(Germany)的海道夫RZR 2020搅拌器，和来自KA韦克(KA Werke)，德国的四方叶片螺旋桨)。然后，将经疏水性改质的乙氧基化氨基甲酸酯在500rpm的搅拌下添加并且搅拌直到完全溶解，形成乳白色混合物。仍在500rpm搅拌下，缓慢添加水溶性聚合物，并且继续在500rpm下搅拌10-15分钟以形成非水浆料。
实例2
大体上根据实例1制造批次1-7，并且进行测试。视觉上，六种调配物在室温、4℃或40℃下储存1周之后不呈现相分离。
选择批次3，以便使用布洛克菲尔德(Brookfield)DV III Ultra可编程流变仪用心轴64号进一步表征粘度，如表2中所示：
表2
在4周之后，批次3仍不具有相分离并且粘度指示浆料是稳定的。
实例3
大体上根据实例1制造批次1-5，并且测试其对比相应未经处理的水溶性聚合物的溶解，所有都是2％浓度。结果呈现于表3中。
表3
将10g的每种所列的本发明浆料(实际上含有2g的水溶性聚合物)放在90g去离子水中，并且使用来自海道夫，德国的顶置式搅拌器海道夫RZR 2020在500rpm下搅拌2分钟(在聚合物添加之后)。
将2g的所列的常规纤维素醚放在98g去离子水中，并且使用来自海道夫，德国的顶置式搅拌器海道夫RZR 2020在500rpm下搅拌2分钟(在聚合物添加之后)。
由经训练的小组成员评估每种溶液的为本领域的技术人员已知的溶解问题的迹象(鱼眼、凝胶形成、不透明性)。结论是本发明提供了更快并且更容易的溶解。

Claims (7)

1.一种使水溶性聚合物分散和水合的方法，其包含：
形成一或多种聚醚、一或多种水溶性聚合物和经疏水性改质的乙氧基化氨基甲酸酯的非水浆料，其条件是所述浆料含有少于5％水；和然后
使所述非水浆料与水接触以使所述水溶性聚合物分散和水合；
但除了包括形成聚丙二醇、水溶性聚合物和经疏水性改质的乙氧基化氨基甲酸酯的非水浆料的方法之外。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述水溶性聚合物是选自由以下组成的群组的水溶性经改质的纤维素醚：烷基纤维素衍生物、羟烷基纤维素衍生物、阳离子羟烷基纤维素衍生物和羧烷基纤维素衍生物，其中所述阳离子物质是季烷基胺。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述水溶性聚合物选自由以下组成的群组：羟乙基纤维素、经阳离子改质的羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素和聚氧化乙烯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述方法在不添加热量的情况下进行。
5.一种非水浆料，其基本上由以下组成：
聚乙二醇，
羟乙基纤维素、经阳离子改质的羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素和聚氧化乙烯中的至少一者，和
经疏水性改质的乙氧基化氨基甲酸酯，
其条件是所述浆料含有少于5％水。
6.一种个人护理组合物，其含有通过根据权利要求1所述的方法形成的水溶性聚合物。
7.一种织物护理组合物，其含有通过根据权利要求1所述的方法形成的水溶性聚合物。
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