CN104808125B - Partial discharge detecting system in transformer oil based on Fiber Bragg Grating - Google Patents
Partial discharge detecting system in transformer oil based on Fiber Bragg Grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN104808125B CN104808125B CN201510221950.1A CN201510221950A CN104808125B CN 104808125 B CN104808125 B CN 104808125B CN 201510221950 A CN201510221950 A CN 201510221950A CN 104808125 B CN104808125 B CN 104808125B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to partial discharge detecting system in electric device maintenance technical field more particularly to a kind of transformer oil based on Fiber Bragg Grating, including：Fiber-optic bragg grating sensor, lasing light emitter, photo-coupler, photodetector, digital waveform record system, environment temperature sensor, the feedback circuit arranged in oil-immersed power transformer cavity.Lasing light emitter exports the light of specific wavelength, fiber-optic bragg grating sensor is transmitted to by photo-coupler, fiber-optic bragg grating sensor is transferred to photodetector after the partial discharge of transformer ultrasonic signal received is converted to the reflected light of light intensity signal, and digital waveform record system records the electric signal of photodetector output；Environment temperature sensor determination of the environment temperature, and change by feedback circuit the output wavelength of lasing light emitter, it is ensured that output wavelength is consistent with the operation wavelength of fiber-optic bragg grating sensor.Good insulation preformance of the present invention, can adapt to complex working condition, and measurement sensitivity is higher.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric device maintenance technical field more particularly to a kind of transformers based on Fiber Bragg Grating
Partial discharge detecting system in oil.
Background technology
Power transformer is one of very important equipment in electric system energy transmission, and safe and stable operation is to power grid
Reliable power supply it is most important.Partial discharge monitoring technology is Diagnosis for Power Transformer insulation defect, is found in advance potential
One of most effective state-detection means of failure.Wherein, shelf depreciation ultrasonic Detection Method is widely used at present
A kind of nondestructive testing method receives the ultrasonic signal of shelf depreciation generation using ultrasonic sensor, realizes and is put to local
Electric strong and weak and position detection.This method need not detect electric signal, there is certain anti-electrical Interference ability, and can realize and determine
Position, is allowed to be widely used in Partial Discharge Detection.Shelf depreciation is detected by supercritical ultrasonics technology, early prevention transformer is found to early
Incipient fault and realize transformer on-line monitoring and improve its operational reliability, the considerable guidance being respectively provided with
Meaning.
Current most common method is by the use of piezoelectric ceramic type energy converter as super in partial discharge of transformer ultrasound detection
Sonic transducer.During ultrasonic wave is detected, by piezoelectric ceramic transducer by couplant and clamping device, change is fixed on
The ultrasonic pulsative signal that shelf depreciation generates inside receiving transformer on depressor oil tank wall.Then, piezoceramic material is utilized
The ultrasonic wave received is converted into electric signal by piezoelectric effect, by the analysis to electric signal, judges that inside transformer partial discharge is strong
It is weak.Between the electric signal and acoustical signal that are generated during using shelf depreciation relative time difference or acoustical signal and acoustical signal between when
Between it is poor, can determine whether the spatial position of shelf depreciation, realize the detection of partial discharge of transformer.Above-mentioned ultrasonic Detection Method is due to inspection
Non-electrical signal is surveyed, and is connected between sensor and detection device using optical fiber, it being capable of preferably isolation detection equipment and high-voltage electricity
Gas equipment so that the method has certain anti-electrical Interference ability, and can facilitate positioning by the signal Analysis time difference, subtracts
The repair time of transformer fault is lacked, the diagnosis for transformer incipient fault provides reliable basis.
There is also some shortcomings for the supersonic testing method of existing piezoelectric ceramic type sensor：
(1) sensitivity is low, and since communication process ultrasonic in fuel tank is complicated, and the ultrasonic signal reached outside oil tank wall is micro-
It is weak so that the detection sensitivity of whole system is relatively low.
(2) easily by electromagnetic interference, although piezoceramic transducer is connected by optical fiber, there is certain anti-electrical Interference energy
Power, but in applying at the scene, insulation performance is poor, it still can be by electromagnetic interference influence.
(3) multimetering is not easy to, single-point detection can only be carried out using piezoelectric sensing probe, it is impossible to realize multimetering.
(4) easily affected by environment, piezoceramic transducer is not suitable for the environment such as high temperature, inflammable, corrosion, simultaneously because body
The influence of the factors such as product, quality, it is difficult to be used under severe, narrow and small environment.
The content of the invention
Based on the deficiency of existing partial discharge of transformer supersonic testing method, the present invention proposes a kind of based on optical fiber Bragg
Partial discharge detecting system in the transformer oil of grating, including：Including sensing unit, demodulation collecting unit and temperature-compensating list
Member；
Wherein, sensing unit includes：The fiber-optic bragg grating sensor arranged in oil-immersed power transformer cavity；
Demodulation collecting unit includes：Lasing light emitter, photo-coupler, photodetector and digital waveform record system；Temperature compensation unit
Including environment temperature sensor and feedback circuit；Lasing light emitter, fiber-optic bragg grating sensor, photodetector pass through list respectively
Mode fiber is connected with photo-coupler；Digital waveform record system is connected with photodetector；Environment temperature sensor is arranged in oil
On immersion power transformer chamber outer wall, it is connected by feedback circuit with lasing light emitter.
The light of the lasing light emitter output specific wavelength, fiber-optic bragg grating sensor, light are transmitted to by photo-coupler
The partial discharge of transformer ultrasonic signal received is converted to light intensity signal, optical fiber Bragg light by fine bragg grating sensor
The reflected light of grid is transferred to photodetector using photo-coupler, and light intensity signal is converted to electric signal by photodetector, number
Character waveform record system records the electric signal of photodetector output；Environment temperature sensor is used for dynamic determination of the environment temperature
It spends, and changes the output wavelength of lasing light emitter by feedback circuit, it is ensured that output wavelength and optical fiber Bragg light after temperature change
The operation wavelength of gate sensor is consistent.
The length of the Fiber Bragg Grating is less than the maximum for surveying ultrasonic wavelength half length, with to greatest extent
Raising detection sensitivity.
The Fiber Bragg Grating is the Fiber Bragg Grating that the grid region length of uniform period is 12mm or is non-equal
The π phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical gratings in even cycle.
The bonding method of the Fiber Bragg Grating is directly by grid region bonding partially to transformer oil chamber interior wall or only
Paste the part for the one lateral extent grid region 0.5mm of connector being connected close to Fiber Bragg Grating with photo-coupler.
The lasing light emitter is tunable laser or distributed feedback laser.
The fiber-optic bragg grating sensor is arranged on oil-immersed power transformer cavity inner wall, is passed with environment temperature
Sensor installation site is corresponding.
The ideal operation wavelength of the Fiber Bragg Grating comes by using the length scanning function of tunable laser
The distribution of Fiber Bragg Grating wavelength change gradient is obtained, is then chosen in Fiber Bragg Grating wavelength rising edge or trailing edge
The wavelength of gradient maximum is operation wavelength, and the detection sensitivity and the linearity for making system are optimal state.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) good insulation preformance has extraordinary anti-electromagnetic interference capability, easily realizes on-line monitoring.
(2) it can adapt to complex working condition.It is easily installed and is detected in bad environments, narrow space.
(3) measurement sensitivity is higher.The detecting system linearity is good, can effectively improve detection sensitivity.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is shelf depreciation ultrasonic testing system schematic diagram in transformer oil of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the System Working Principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiment is described in detail.
The present invention proposes shelf depreciation in a kind of transformer oil based on Fiber Bragg Grating ultrasonic sensing technology and examines
Examining system, the system utilize tunable laser edge demodulation techniques pair by the use of Fiber Bragg Grating as ultrasonic sensor
Measured signal is demodulated, and has higher measurement sensitivity and precision.It is below shelf depreciation ultrasound detection in transformer oil
System is discussed in detail.
Partial discharge detecting system in transformer oil based on Fiber Bragg Grating ultrasonic sensing technology, as shown in Figure 1, mainly
It is made of sensing unit, demodulation collecting unit and temperature compensation unit.Wherein, sensing unit is mainly passed by Fiber Bragg Grating
Sensor is arranged in oil-immersed power transformer cavity, reaches the mesh of shelf depreciation ultrasonic signal in detection transformer oil
's；Demodulation collecting unit is mainly made of tunable laser, photo-coupler, photodetector and digital oscilloscope, is passed through
The ultrasonic signal that sensing unit is received is converted to light intensity signal, and then is converted to electric signal, to reach high-precision detection
Purpose.Temperature compensation unit includes environment temperature sensor and feedback circuit, and environment temperature sensor is used for dynamic determination of the environment
Temperature, feedback circuit for changing lasing light emitter output wavelength, it is ensured that optical fiber Bragg light after institute's output wavelength and temperature change
The operation wavelength of gate sensor is consistent.
(1) sensing unit mainly realizes that type local-discharge ultrasonic is believed by the Fiber Bragg Grating being built in oil tank of transformer
Number detection.Wherein, Bragg grating should choose the maximum less than ultrasonic wavelength half length, so can both ensure
Bragg grating can effectively detect ultrasonic signal, meanwhile, grid region length is unlikely to too short, Fiber Bragg Grating reflectance spectrum
It is relatively steep, it ensure that the linearity and detection sensitivity of reflective light intensity and wavelength.
(2) collecting unit is demodulated, main operational principle is as shown in Fig. 2, the light wave that sends of tunable narrow-band laser is a length of
λTL, it is passed to by coupler in Fiber Bragg Grating, Fiber Bragg Grating reflected light turns by coupler transfer to photoelectricity
In parallel operation, light intensity signal is changed into electric signal by photoelectric converter, is gathered and shown by digital oscilloscope.When ul-trasonic irradiation is in light
During fine Bragg grating, fiber grating is subject to the perturbation of ultrasonic activation, and the back wave wavelength of output is in a certain range Δ λ
Drift triggers λ in reflected lightTLThe light intensity of wave band changes, and then the voltage magnitude that oscillograph is caused to collect changes,
Finally, the detection of ultrasonic signal in oil is realized.
Wherein, the laser wavelength lambda that tunable laser is sentTLIt should be according to the Fiber Bragg Grating selected in experiment
Bragg wavelength is configured, i.e., the optical maser wavelength adjustment sent light source is in the linear ramp of Fiber Bragg Grating reflectance spectrum
Place.This is because FBG reflectance spectrums and laser spectrum belong to Gaussian Profile, linear region at slope, and laser spectrum
Bandwidth be far smaller than FBG reflectance spectrum bandwidth, when light source light spectrum falls in this section of linearly interval, can ensure to test to the greatest extent
System linearity degree.
The specific method of adjustment of tunable laser wavelength：One fixed frequency, amplitude are applied to Fiber Bragg Grating
Ultrasonic signal is allowed to generate vibration.Using the length scanning function of tunable laser, its sweep parameter is set, makes laser
The optical maser wavelength sent is scanned within the specific limits by certain speed, at the same in observation oscilloscope electric signal Voltage Peak peak
Value.When peak-to-peak value maximum, corresponding optical maser wavelength is needs the wavelength value set, at this point, the detection sensitivity and line of system
Property degree is optimal.
(3) temperature compensation unit.Mainly include environment temperature sensor and feedback circuit, environment temperature sensor is arranged in
On oil-immersed power transformer chamber outer wall, for dynamically measuring environment temperature where FBG；Feedback circuit is according to temperature sensor
Detected temperature change changes the output wavelength of lasing light emitter, it is ensured that institute's output wavelength and optical fiber Bragg after temperature change
The operation wavelength of grating sensor is consistent, is further ensured that the detection sensitivity of system.
Fiber Bragg Grating wavelength detecting is converted into light-intensity test by the present invention, using linear between wavelength and light intensity
Relation can realize that Fiber Bragg Grating detects the high-frequency of ultrasonic wave, high-precision in oil.
The present invention proposes shelf depreciation ultrasonic signal in the transformer oil based on Fiber Bragg Grating ultrasonic sensing technology
Detecting system, some shortcomings that conventional ultrasound can be overcome to sense are examined with meeting in transformer oil shelf depreciation ultrasonic signal
The particular requirement of survey.In the present invention, propose by the use of Fiber Bragg Grating as sonac, utilize tunable laser side
Measured signal is demodulated along demodulation techniques, obtains electric signal.Due to being converted optical signals in laser edge demodulation techniques
Electric signal greatly improves the measurement range and measurement sensitivity of system.
The invention has following advantage：(1) good insulation preformance, from electromagnetic interference.Fiber Bragg Grating material is in itself
With fine insulation performance, and the connection between detection device and electrical equipment is also by single mode optical fiber, and it is very good to have
Anti-electromagnetic interference capability, performance stablize, easily realize transformer partial discharge on-line monitoring.(2) it can adapt to complex working condition.It is pressed with it
Electroceramics sensor is compared, and Fiber Bragg Grating has many advantages, such as light weight, small, corrosion-resistant, is easily installed in environment
Badly, narrow space is detected.(3) measurement sensitivity is higher.Fiber Bragg Grating ultrasonic testing system has very
The good linearity, by converting optical signals to electric signal, realizes the detection to ultrasonic signal in oil, can effectively improve detection
Sensitivity.(4) there is development space, can connect fiber-optic bragg grating sensor in oil multiple grid regions, and multiple spot is arranged in
In oil tank of transformer, to realize distributed measurement and positioning to partial discharge in oil, measurement efficiency is improved, while improves economic effect
Benefit.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of the claims
Subject to.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of partial discharge detecting system in transformer oil based on Fiber Bragg Grating, which is characterized in that including：Sensing
Unit, demodulation collecting unit and temperature compensation unit；
Wherein, sensing unit includes：The fiber-optic bragg grating sensor arranged in oil-immersed power transformer cavity；Demodulation
Collecting unit includes：Lasing light emitter, photo-coupler, photodetector and digital waveform record system；Temperature compensation unit includes
Environment temperature sensor and feedback circuit；Lasing light emitter, fiber-optic bragg grating sensor, photodetector pass through single-mode optics respectively
Fibre is connected with photo-coupler；Digital waveform record system is connected with photodetector；Environment temperature sensor is arranged in oil immersed type
On power transformer chamber outer wall, it is connected by feedback circuit with lasing light emitter；
The Fiber Bragg Grating is the Fiber Bragg Grating that the grid region length of uniform period is 12mm or is non-homogeneous week
The π phase shift optical fiber Bragg optical gratings of phase；
The bonding method of the Fiber Bragg Grating is directly by grid region bonding partially to transformer oil chamber interior wall or only pastes
The part for the one lateral extent grid region 0.5mm of connector being connected close to Fiber Bragg Grating with photo-coupler；
The ideal operation wavelength of the Fiber Bragg Grating is obtained by using the length scanning function of tunable laser
Fiber Bragg Grating wavelength change gradient is distributed, and then chooses gradient in Fiber Bragg Grating wavelength rising edge or trailing edge
Maximum wavelength is operation wavelength, and the detection sensitivity and the linearity for making system are optimal state；
The light of the lasing light emitter output specific wavelength, fiber-optic bragg grating sensor, optical fiber cloth are transmitted to by photo-coupler
The partial discharge of transformer ultrasonic signal received is converted to light intensity signal by loudspeaker lattice grating sensor, Fiber Bragg Grating
Reflected light is transferred to photodetector using photo-coupler, and light intensity signal is converted to electric signal, digital wave by photodetector
Shape record system records the electric signal of photodetector output；Environment temperature sensor is used for dynamic determination of the environment temperature, and
Change the output wavelength of lasing light emitter by feedback circuit, it is ensured that output wavelength and fiber bragg gratings sensing after temperature change
The operation wavelength of device is consistent.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the Fiber Bragg Grating, which is less than, surveys ultrasonic wave
The maximum of wavelength half length, to improve detection sensitivity to greatest extent.
3. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lasing light emitter swashs for tunable laser or distributed Feedback
Light device.
4. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber-optic bragg grating sensor is arranged in oil immersed type electricity
It is corresponding with environment temperature sensor installation site on power transformer cavity inner wall.
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| CN201510221950.1A CN104808125B (en) | 2015-05-04 | 2015-05-04 | Partial discharge detecting system in transformer oil based on Fiber Bragg Grating |
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| CN105675058B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-11-28 | 国家电网公司 | Transverse wave pipe oil conservater oil level and leakage detection device and method |
| CN105717129A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-06-29 | 国家电网公司 | Basin-type insulator crack detector based on fiber gratings |
| CN106405349A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-02-15 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Method and system of intrusion ultra high frequency and ultrasonic detection of partial discharge in transformer oil |
| CN106291288A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-04 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Partial-discharge ultrahigh-frequency optical pulse detecting method and system in intrusive mood transformer oil |
| CN109406958B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2021-04-09 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for evaluating sensitivity of ultrasonic partial discharge instrument |
| CN109387756A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-02-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of partial discharge detecting system and method based on fiber grating |
| CN109612601B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-11-13 | 国网宁夏电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Power equipment temperature and partial discharge integrated detection system and method |
| CN110031734A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-19 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of transformer optical fiber detector |
| US11719559B2 (en) | 2019-10-24 | 2023-08-08 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Fiber optic sensing system for grid-based assets |
| US11585692B2 (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2023-02-21 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Fiber optic sensing system for grid-based assets |
| CN111238682A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-05 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Power transformer oil temperature monitoring system based on fiber bragg grating |
| CN111624449B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-09-09 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Power equipment partial discharge multichannel optical detection system based on emission spectroscopy |
| CN112595945A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-04-02 | 西安理工大学 | FBG temperature compensation optical fiber partial discharge detection device and method |
| CN114609494A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-06-10 | 华北电力大学 | GIL partial discharge optical fiber sensing system |
| CN117889918B (en) * | 2024-03-15 | 2024-05-31 | 山东泰开电力开关有限公司 | Composite sensor for GIS fault detection and control method |
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| CN102323527A (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2012-01-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Power transformer partial discharge detection system and method based on fiber bragg grating |
| CN103837178A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-06-04 | 湖北工业大学 | System and method for demodulating fiber bragg gratings based on liquid crystal F-P cavity adjustable filter technology |
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