CN104802649B - A kind of controller of current vortex retarder - Google Patents
A kind of controller of current vortex retarder Download PDFInfo
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- CN104802649B CN104802649B CN201510121130.5A CN201510121130A CN104802649B CN 104802649 B CN104802649 B CN 104802649B CN 201510121130 A CN201510121130 A CN 201510121130A CN 104802649 B CN104802649 B CN 104802649B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
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- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of controller of current vortex retarder; the controller includes microcontroller and is connected to signal input module, indicator light, CAN communication interface, driving circuit and the current sampling circuit of microcontroller; wherein the IGBT module of driving circuit is connected to microcontroller by AND gate circuit U3, and current sampling circuit includes sampling resistor R3, retarder coil group L, current foldback circuit U4 and sampled signal modulate circuit U5 etc..The configuration of the present invention is simple, passes through the information such as acquisition engine speed, throttle opening, speed and temperature at dependable performance, judge current car load situation and braking requirement amount etc., voluntarily adjust IGBT module output duty cycle, reduce the electric current of retarder coil, to reduce output brake force automatically, realize automatic load adjusting control, guarantee driving safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of automobile control, specially a kind of controller of current vortex retarder.
Background technology
Currently, the service brake of oversize vehicle, vehicle is generally improved in the process of moving using current vortex retarder
Brake force, eddy current retarder are divided into two parts, control circuit and executing agency, executing agency be one group of magnet exciting coil and
The mechanical assembly of corresponding mechanical structure composition, control circuit are being executed by being passed through electric current to the magnet exciting coil of executing agency
Corresponding brake force is generated in the shaft (transmission shaft) of mechanism, braking is executed to vehicle.Traditional controller of current vortex retarder
Stepping formula control mode is generally used, as shown in Figure 1, according to the variation for manipulating switch (hand braking or foot brake signal), to more
Group magnet exciting coil L1, L2, L3, L4 are switched on or switched off power supply in batches, to adjust brake power；Switching tube generally uses
The BTS550 power devices of company of Infineon, in the moment of switching tube conducting, since dash current is larger so that flowed through when braking
The current changing rate of power device is larger, and the long-time for being unfavorable for power drive device uses, and is powered for a long time in power device
Afterwards, controller internal operating temperature increases, and influences product service life, and can not be according to load change to electric whirlpool during use
The brake force of stream retarder adjusts, and in vehicle underloading and zero load, using effect is poor, reduces the stabilization of service brake
Property.
Patent name is:The control method and drive control device of eddy current retarder braking moment【The patent No.：
ZL201010146019.9】In refer to acquire speed signal, temperature of rotor signal in real time by microprocessor, when temperature is normal
When, microprocessor is according to the pwm control signal that current gear output duty cycle is definite value, to eddy current retarder braking moment reality
Row opened loop control；When temperature over-range, microprocessor carries out closed-loop control, should by temperature of rotor control near threshold temperature
Using temperature limit as open loop or closed-loop control limit value in method, and PWM controls are added in multiple-rank control, and Multistage stepping+PWM
After control, the braking moment generated is smaller, and system is affected by temperature larger, and after vehicle heavy load, electric braking cannot shift to an earlier date
Intervention, will produce brake force not foot phenomenon, braking effect is poor.
Using similar control scheme, patent name is:Associated braking system controller of current vortex retarder and control method
【The patent No.：ZL201010590330.2】In refer to controller after brake pedal is operated, according to pwm control signal, step on
Board position, car speed variation, calculate the real-time brake force of automobile, then calculate the gradient residing for automobile, then table look-up and made
Power ratio applies retarder electromagnetic coil the pwm control signal of corresponding duty ratio, realizes auxiliary braking.The program passes through
After coherent signal input, the real-time brake force of automobile is calculated, brake force then is applied to braking system again, in practical application mistake
Cheng Zhong, running car brake force is not only related with speed, also with running car category of roads, road traffic condition (hill path, height
Speed, rain, snow), the factors such as the loaded-up condition of automobile (unloaded, heavy duty) it is related, since automobile is in level road, climbing, the acceleration of descending
Or required brake force is different in braking process, the practical application effect of the program can calculate deviation because of parameter, defeated
The braking effect gone out can be significantly affected.
Invention content
It, can be according to car load state certainly to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, the present invention to provide a kind of simple in structure, dependable performance
Row changes the controller of current vortex retarder of output brake force.
Technical scheme is as follows：A kind of controller of current vortex retarder, including microcontroller and it is connected to microcontroller
Signal input module (1), indicator light (2), CAN communication interface (3), driving circuit (4) and current sampling circuit (5), it is special
Sign is：The driving circuit (4) includes AND gate circuit U3 and IGBT module, and the AND gate circuit U3 is connected with microcontroller；Institute
It includes sampling resistor R3, retarder coil group L, current foldback circuit U4 and sampled signal conditioning electricity to state current sampling circuit (5)
Road U5；The retarder coil group L is connected with the IGBT module output end of driving circuit (4)；The retarder coil group L is also
It is connected with sampling resistor R3 and current foldback circuit U4；The current foldback circuit U4 is connected with sampled signal modulate circuit U5
It connects, and is connected respectively with microcontroller；
The signal input module (1) includes brake voltage sample circuit (11), brake switch (12), velocity sensor
(13) it is connected with brake pedal with temperature sensor (14), the brake voltage sample circuit (11), the brake switch (12)
It is connected with braking pressure circuit, the velocity sensor (13) and temperature sensor (14) are connected with retarder coil group L respectively；
After driver's brake pedal, the braking gas circuit of vehicle is switched on, and with gradually increasing for air pressure, braking is opened
S1, S2 in (12) is closed successively to be switched on, which is acquired by microcontroller, in vehicle travel process, the retarder on transmission shaft
Rotor high speed rotation is installed on the velocity sensor of retarder coil group L, senses the variation of retarder rotor, generates speed
Pulse signal is acquired by microcontroller；In vehicle operation, Engine ECU can believe current engine speed, throttle opening
Breath is transmitted in CAN bus, which is received by microcontroller by CAN communication interface, and microcontroller comprehensive analysis is currently each
The relationship of engine speed and speed under a throttle opening, judges the current loaded-up condition of vehicle, under rated load operating mode
Engine speed will produce corresponding speed signal output, and throttle opening also has corresponding variation, under a certain speed,
Throttle opening is compared with larger under rated load operating mode or when having significant change, shows that vehicle is in heavy condition, on the contrary then be
Light condition can be according to the load shape currently identified after microcontroller collects brake voltage signal and brake switch signal
State is using corresponding control slope curve.
Preferably, the retarder coil group L is composed in parallel by 4 groups of retarder coils (L1, L2, L3, L4), described slow
One end of device coil group L is connected with the output end of IGBT module, and the other end is connected with the ungrounded end of sampling resistor R3.
Preferably, the current foldback circuit U4 includes voltage comparator, an input terminal (31) and the list of AND gate circuit U3
The control output end of piece machine is connected, and another input terminal (32) of AND gate circuit U3 is connected with the output end of voltage comparator.
Preferably, the indicator light is that light beam or striation are shown.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：By acquiring the information such as engine speed, throttle opening, speed and temperature, judge
Current car load situation and braking requirement amount etc. voluntarily adjust IGBT module output duty cycle, make to flow through retarder coil
Electric current change, to generate different brake force, realize service brake；When detecting retarder when the temperature is excessively high, control
Device reduces output brake force automatically, improves the reliability of vehicle braking, guarantee driving safety.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the multiple-rank control schematic diagram in prior art.
Fig. 2 is the structure composition schematic diagram in the technical program.
Fig. 3 is the electrical block diagram in the technical program.
Fig. 4 is different control slope curve.
Fig. 5 is output duty cycle.
In attached drawing：1, signal input module；2, indicator light；3, CAN communication interface；4, driving circuit；5, current sample electricity
Road；11, brake switch；12, brake voltage sample circuit；13, velocity sensor；14, temperature sensor；
U3, AND gate circuit；U4, current foldback circuit；U5, current sampling circuit；D, bi-directional voltage suppressor
R2, resistance；R3, sampling resistor；L1-L4 retarder coils；L retarder coil groups；
The input terminal of 31-32, AND gate circuit U3；The output end of 33 AND gate circuit U3
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a kind of controller of current vortex retarder, including microcontroller and the signal for being connected to microcontroller
Input module 1, indicator light 2, CAN communication interface 3, driving circuit 4 and current sampling circuit 5.
Wherein signal input module 1 includes：Brake voltage sample circuit 11, brake switch 12, velocity sensor 13 and temperature
Sensor 14 is spent, the brake voltage sample circuit 11 is connected with brake pedal, the brake switch 12 and braking pressure circuit
It is connected, the velocity sensor 13 and temperature sensor 14 are connected with retarder stator coil respectively；Indicator light 2 is light beam or light
Item shows that the variation range lighted is corresponding with the output duty cycle of PWM wave；One end of CAN communication interface 3 is real with microcontroller
Existing interactive signal connection, the other end are connected with vehicle body engine CAN network；Driving circuit 4 include AND gate circuit U3 and
The Q3 of IGBT module, AND gate circuit U3 are connected with microcontroller, and AND gate circuit U3 output ends 33 are by driving triode Q1, Q2 and drive
Dynamic resistance R1 is connected to the gate pole of IGBT module Q3, and resistance R2 and bi-directional voltage suppressor D are in parallel, then are composed in series IGBT with R1
The output end of the gate pole input protection circuit of module, IGBT module is connected with retarder coil group L, retarder coil group L with
Sampling resistor R3 is connected with current foldback circuit U4, sampled signal modulate circuit U5.Wherein retarder coil group L is delayed by 4 groups
Fast device coil (L1, L2, L3, L4) composes in parallel, and one end of the retarder coil group L is connected with the output end of IGBT module,
The other end is connected with the ungrounded end of sampling resistor R3；Current sampling circuit 5 includes sampling resistor R3, retarder coil group L, mistake
Stream protection circuit U 4 and sampled signal modulate circuit U5；The current foldback circuit U4 and AND gate circuit U3, current sampling circuit
U5 is connected, and is connected respectively with microcontroller.
As shown in figure 3, brake voltage signal is the signal exported by vehicle brake pedal, when driver's brake pedal
When, angle is stepped on pedal, there is corresponding voltage change.Its voltage change range is 0~5V, and effective identification range is
0.5~4.5V, the voltage are sampled by the brake voltage sample circuit 11 that microcontroller connects；
After driver's brake pedal, the braking gas circuit of vehicle is switched on, with gradually increasing for air pressure, gas braking
S1, S2 in switch 12 are successively switched on, which is acquired by microcontroller simultaneously, slow on transmission shaft in vehicle travel process
Fast device rotor high speed rotation, the velocity sensor being installed on retarder stator coil sense the variation of transmission shaft rotor, production
Raw vehicle speed pulse, is acquired by microcontroller.In vehicle operation, Engine ECU can be by current engine speed, air throttle
The information such as aperture are transmitted in CAN bus, which is received by microcontroller by CAN communication interface, microcontroller synthesis point
The relationship of engine speed and speed, judges the current loaded-up condition of vehicle under the current each throttle opening (throttle value) of analysis,
Engine speed under rated load operating mode will produce corresponding speed signal output, throttle opening (gas pedal value)
Corresponding variation is had, under a certain speed, throttle opening shows vehicle compared with larger under declared working condition or when having significant change
Be in heavy load state, on the contrary it is then be light condition.After microcontroller collects brake voltage signal and brake switch signal, meeting
According to the loaded-up condition currently identified using corresponding control slope curve.
As shown in figure 4, B curves are the controlling curve of normally loaded condition in figure, in the figure, the longitudinal axis is brake pedal
Output valve, when the initial stage that brake pedal is stepped on, since the dead zone voltage of pedal exists, PWM controller does not export, in order to better
It realizes control, dead zone voltage is identified as 0.9V or so, only when brake pedal steps on certain altitude, pedal output voltage is big
When 0.9V, controller just can make corresponding output according to brake signal, switching signal, speed signal etc., brake pedal
Maximum virtual value is 4.5V, and horizontal axis is output duty cycle (brake force) under the brake voltage, maximum value 100%, about
1800~2300N/M.As shown in figure 5, under normally loaded condition, during vehicle is advanced, the voltage of brake pedal is 1.5V or so
When, controller exports 25% or so PWM wave, is equivalent to obtain the brake force of a quarter, the voltage of brake pedal is 4.5V
When left and right, the PWM wave of controller output 100% is equivalent to obtain maximum braking force output.C curve is in case of heavy load in Fig. 4
Lower controlling curve, can be seen that by the curve, and in heavy load traveling, when the voltage of brake pedal is 3V or so, controller is
The PWM wave of output 100% makes electric braking prior involvement, realizes that light stop can reach the effect well braked, A curves are in figure
It in underloading controlling curve, can be seen that by the curve, in underload traveling, when the voltage of brake pedal reaches maximum value
When, controller export 75% or so PWM wave, make electric braking lag intervention, ensure that vehicle at light load, brake force output compared with
It is low.
In Fig. 3, PWM drive circuit by with AND gate circuit U3, driving triode Q1, Q2, driving resistance R1, resistance R2, double
It is formed to voltage suppressor D, wherein driving resistance R1, resistance R2, the input protection that bi-directional voltage suppressor D is IGBT module Q3
Circuit prevents from causing malfunction or IGBT module Q3 damages, the PWM of microcontroller output due to driving circuit control failure or interference etc.
Wave makes Q3 work by being loaded into the gate pole of IGBT module Q3 with AND gate circuit U3, driving triode Q1, Q2, driving resistance R1
In on off state, the output port of 4 groups of coils from parallel connection of coils of retarder to IGBT module, when IGBT module works, 4 groups of coils (L1,
L2, L3, L4) there is electric current to flow through, Induced magnetic field is generated, and form active force (braking moment), the size of active force is by IGBT
The output duty cycle of module determines；As shown in figure 5, in figure, the PWM waveform of different duty is shown respectively, the control wave
Shape is used to control the on off state of IGBT module, and when it is 100% to export PWM duty cycle, IGBT module is equivalent to retarder 4
Group coil is exported entirely, when output is 50% duty ratio, is equivalent to and to 4 groups of coils of retarder partly export.In IGBT
When module works, the variation of PWM wave duty ratio, while can be shown in the form of indicating modulating signal, indicator light circuit by
A string of Column being luminous or light-emitting section composition, the variation range lighted is corresponding with the output duty cycle of PWM wave, works in retarder
When, microcontroller output control signal shows the output state of current retarder to light corresponding light beam or striation, works as IGBT
When module exports entirely, striation or light beam are all lighted.When PWM, which is exported, to be stopped, striation all extinguishes.Sampled signal tune in Fig. 3
Reason circuit U 5 is made of a voltage follower, and when there is voltage generation on R3, the voltage is by 1：1 amplification, and it is sent to monolithic
The voltage sample input terminal of machine, current foldback circuit U4 are made of a voltage comparator, when one voltage signal of generation on R3
When, which is fed to the reverse input end of comparator, and the in-phase input end of comparator is a fixed voltage source Vref, is passed through
The comparison voltage Vref for adjusting U4 in-phase input ends can set protective current value, that is, adjust the maximum electricity for flowing through retarder coil
It flows, the R3 in Fig. 3 is current sampling resistor, when there is electric current to flow through retarder coil and sampling resistor R3, in sampling resistor R3
One voltage of upper generation, the ADC which is sent to CPU by sampled signal modulate circuit U5 samples input port, to sampling
Electric current is monitored in real time, which is also sent into current foldback circuit U4 and is compared simultaneously, when leading to electricity for some reason
Stream rises, and sampled voltage is made to increase, and the reverse input end voltage of voltage comparator U4 rises, when the voltage is more than the same phase of comparator
When the value of input terminal voltage Vref, comparator U4 exports a low level, which is sent to the input with door U3 simultaneously
The signal acquisition port at end 2 and microcontroller, the output shutdown of AND gate circuit U3, pwm signal stop work without output, IGBT module Q3
Make, IGBT module is avoided to be damaged because of overcurrent, meanwhile, microcontroller detects over-current signal, can be handled accordingly.
In vehicle travel process, due to continuously braking or be other, when causing retarder temperature rise, monolithic machine testing
To the temperature signal, when temperature rise is to setting value, system enters drop power mode output, at this point, microcontroller meeting basis is worked as
Preceding speed, loaded-up condition, the parameters such as retarder temperature, the automatic PWM duty cycle for reducing output make its output current be lower,
It ensure that current vortex retarder is operated within the scope of a safe and reasonable.
Although the detailed description and description of the specific embodiments of the present invention are given above, it should be noted that
We can carry out various equivalent changes and modification to the above embodiment according to the concept of the present invention, and generated function is made
It, should all be within protection scope of the present invention when with the spirit still covered without departing from Figure of description.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of controller of current vortex retarder, including microcontroller and the signal input module for being connected to microcontroller（1）, indicator light
（2）, CAN communication interface（3）, driving circuit（4）And current sampling circuit（5）, it is characterised in that：The driving circuit（4）Packet
AND gate circuit U3 and IGBT module are included, the AND gate circuit U3 is connected with microcontroller；The current sampling circuit（5）Including sampling
Resistance R3, retarder coil group L, current foldback circuit U4 and sampled signal modulate circuit U5；The retarder coil group L and drive
Dynamic circuit（4）IGBT module output end be connected；The retarder coil group L also with sampling resistor R3 and current foldback circuit
U4 is connected；The current foldback circuit U4 is connected with sampled signal modulate circuit U5, and is connected respectively with microcontroller；Institute
State signal input module（1）Including brake voltage sample circuit（11）, brake switch（12）, velocity sensor（13）It is passed with temperature
Sensor（14）, the brake voltage sample circuit（11）It is connected with brake pedal, the brake switch（12）It is returned with braking pressure
Road is connected, the velocity sensor（13）And temperature sensor（14）It is connected respectively with retarder coil group L；When driver steps on
After brake pedal, the braking gas circuit of vehicle is switched on, with gradually increasing for air pressure, brake switch（12）In S1, S2 successively
It is switched on, which is acquired by microcontroller, and in vehicle travel process, the retarder rotor high speed rotation on transmission shaft is installed on
The velocity sensor of retarder coil group L senses the variation of retarder rotor, generates vehicle speed pulse, is adopted by microcontroller
Collection；In vehicle operation, current engine speed, throttle opening information can be transmitted in CAN bus by Engine ECU,
The information is received by microcontroller by CAN communication interface, and microcontroller comprehensive analysis is currently started under each throttle opening
The relationship of machine rotating speed and speed judges that the current loaded-up condition of vehicle, the engine speed under rated load operating mode will produce phase
The speed signal output answered, throttle opening also has corresponding variation, under a certain speed, the more specified load of throttle opening
Larger under lotus operating mode or when having significant change shows that vehicle is in heavy condition, on the contrary then be light condition, microcontroller acquisition
It, can be according to the loaded-up condition currently identified using corresponding control slope to after brake voltage signal and brake switch signal
Curve.
2. controller of current vortex retarder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The retarder coil group L is by 4 groups
Retarder coil（L1、L2、L3、L4）It composes in parallel, the output end phase of one end and IGBT module of the retarder coil group L
Even, the other end is connected with the ungrounded end of sampling resistor R3.
3. controller of current vortex retarder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The current foldback circuit U4 includes
An input terminal (31) for voltage comparator, AND gate circuit U3 is connected with the control output end of microcontroller, and AND gate circuit U3's is another
Input terminal（32）It is connected with the output end of voltage comparator.
4. controller of current vortex retarder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The indicator light is light beam or striation
Display.
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| CN201510121130.5A CN104802649B (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | A kind of controller of current vortex retarder |
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| CN201510121130.5A CN104802649B (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2015-03-17 | A kind of controller of current vortex retarder |
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| CN104802649B true CN104802649B (en) | 2018-08-17 |
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| CN105128683B (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2017-06-20 | 盐城市步高汽配制造有限公司 | Current vortex retarder boosting rectifier control system |
| CN105480099A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-04-13 | 成都科瑞信科技有限责任公司 | Voltage-reduction constant-current type eddy current retarder control system based on pulsing bias amplification |
| CN105291858A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-03 | 成都科瑞信科技有限责任公司 | Novel eddy current retarder control system |
| CN105291857A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-03 | 成都科瑞信科技有限责任公司 | Inductor voltage reduction drive type eddy current retarder control system based on bias amplification |
| CN105291859A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-03 | 成都科瑞信科技有限责任公司 | Eddy current retarder control system based on voltage reduction constant current source |
| CN105383313A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-09 | 成都科瑞信科技有限责任公司 | Eddy current retarder control system based on pulse bias amplification and wave filtering processing |
| CN106904081A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-06-30 | 乐清市铭图电气科技有限公司 | Controller of current vortex retarder and its control method |
| CN107899099B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2021-06-01 | 吉林大学 | Stifled drainage monitored control system is prevented in thoracic surgery nursing |
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