CN104802262A - Modification technology capable of improving strength and tenacity of wood - Google Patents
Modification technology capable of improving strength and tenacity of wood Download PDFInfo
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- CN104802262A CN104802262A CN201510216387.9A CN201510216387A CN104802262A CN 104802262 A CN104802262 A CN 104802262A CN 201510216387 A CN201510216387 A CN 201510216387A CN 104802262 A CN104802262 A CN 104802262A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/20—Removing fungi, molds or insects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/30—Fireproofing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/70—Hydrophobation treatment
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wood modification, in particular to a modification technology capable of improving strength and tenacity of wood. The modification technology comprises the following steps: A. preparation of impregnation liquid which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of melamine modified urea resin, 6-10 parts of dextrin, 1-5 parts of a nanometer modifying agent, 1-3 parts of a flexibilizer, 1-5 parts of auxiliaries and 60-100 parts of water, weighing the raw materials according to the weight proportion and uniformly mixing to obtain the impregnation liquid; B. impregnating: performing vacuum-pressure impregnation treatment on the wood, and enabling the wood to adsorb the impregnation liquid; C. drying: drying the impregnated wood; D. thermal treatment: conducting thermal treatment on the dried wood under a vacuum state. The modification technology disclosed by the invention can obviously improve the strength and the tenacity of the wood, is simple in steps, convenient to operate and control, stable in quality, high in production efficiency and capable of realizing large-scale industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Wood Property Improvement field, be specifically related to a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness.
Background technology
Along with the development of national economic development and the raising of living standards of the people, the demand of people to timber is increasing.And the enforcement of wildwood protected project, make timber supply and demand contradiction more outstanding.For alleviating imbalance between supply and demand, China has built large-area Industrial Plantation.Although artificial forest wood has the advantages such as fast growing, the physical and mechanical property of artificial fast-growing woods timber is poor, and density is low, and material is soft, easily produces dry-shrinkage deformed.
In order to expand the range of application of artificial forest wood, improve the economic worth of artificial forest wood, people carry out modification by various method to artificial fast-growing woods timber.What current research was more is adopt thermosetting resin to carry out impregnation process to timber, and thermoset synthetic resin after hardening resistance to water is strong, do not run off, and intensity is high, is heated and does not soften, be applicable to impregnated timber.Synthetic resin for impregnated timber must have the low feature of viscosity, otherwise fully cannot flood timber.The height of the degree of polymerization is the principal element of decision tree impregnate with tallow treatment effect quality, so should adopt the initial stage resin of low polymerization degree.Existing many dissimilar resins can successfully be polymerized, as phenolic resins (PF), Lauxite (UF), melamino-formaldehyde (MF) and isocyanates etc. at wood internal at present.Concrete impregnation process mode be by timber pickling in the resin solution of water-soluble low molecular weight, resin to diffuse in wood cell and makes timber increase-volume, drying removing moisture, resin solidifies due to heating, generate water-fast polymer, deposition is filled in cell, or occurs crosslinked with wood components, thus make that density of wood increases, hardness and intensity improves, dimensional stability improvement.
Along with the enhancing of people's environmental consciousness, Wooden modifying expert invests the heat treatment wood of comparatively environmental protection sight, is mainly carbonized wood, utilizes high temperature (about 200 DEG C) to process timber, improve wood dimensional stability, wherein more typically have following four kinds of Technologies for Heating Processing:
1, the Thermwood technique of Finland
Thermwood process divides 3 stages to carry out: the first stage, and adopt heat and steam that timber in dry kiln is heated up, and at high temperature drying makes the humidity of timber reduce to zero, the temperature of dry kiln is rapidly heated to about 100 DEG C, is steadily warming up to 130 DEG C afterwards; Second stage is the high-temperature thermal treatment timber stage, and the temperature namely in dry kiln raises and remains 185 DEG C ~ 230 DEG C, after reaching target temperature, keeps heat treatment 2h ~ 3h at such a temperature; Phase III is cooling and conditioning stage, lowers the temperature by timber water injection system after heat treatment; When temperature is reduced to 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C, readjusts humidity and make moisture content reach 4% ~ 7%.It is pine, China fir, poplar and birch that Thermwood technique mainly processes seeds.Timber after heat treatment is mainly used in outdoor, such as: deck, fence, garden furniture, door, window etc.Indoor as kitchen furniture, main hall and panel etc.
2, the Plato Wood technique of Holland
Plato Wood technique not only can process greenwood but also can process air-dired wood, this technique divides four steps to carry out: the first step, hydrothermal treatment consists (hydrothermolysis): under condition of normal pressure, is placed in the wet environment that temperature is 160 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C by timber, process 4h ~ 5h; Second step, the drying of wood: with 3 days ~ 5 day time, with conventional drying processes by the drying of wood to moisture content lower than 10%; 3rd step, heat treatment: timber is heated to 170 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C, the processing time is 14h ~ 16h; 4th step, normally improves wood equilibrium moisture content, and what make it with atmospheric environment is suitable.This processing method by Arnhem (Holland) factory application in commercially producing, yearly productive capacity reaches 35000m3.
3, the state-owned two kinds of production technologies of method: Rectification technique and Boisperdure technique
Rectification technique processes timber in the nitrogen of 200 DEG C ~ 240 DEG C, and the moisture content of process material is 12%; And Boisperdure technique is rapid draing greenwood in the steam of 200 DEG C ~ 240 DEG C.
4, the OHT treatment process of Germany
OHT treatment process adopts oil as heat-treatment medium, at high temperature processes timber.First timber is put into a closed container being full of deep fat and process 18h ~ 24h.Oil has good heat conduction and anoxybiotic ability.But unfavorable conditions is, immersion wood internal makes wood weight increase by 50% ~ 70% by oil, and heat-treated wood has greasy smell.
Above-mentioned four kinds of heat treatment process are numerous and diverse, process conditions are harsh, control difficulty, the stability of product quality is difficult to ensure, some treatment process also need special heat-treatment medium, such as: the Rectification technique of France needs nitrogen, the OHT treatment process of Germany needs oil as heat-treatment medium.
Although timber is through the modified stability that can improve its size of heat treatment, equilibrium moisture content in timber declines, corrosion resistant performance also increases to some extent, and bonding capacity improves, and wood color deepens, improve the timber outward appearance that outward appearance is poor, but the physical and mechanical property of timber after heat treatment declines, strength of wood value declines comparatively large, as: bending strength reduces, degradation under surface wettability, and the toughness of existing improved wood is poor, limit the range of application of carbonized wood to a great extent.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming and defect existed in prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness, this modified technique can significantly improve intensity and the toughness of timber, step is simple, convenient operation and control, steady quality, production efficiency is high, can large-scale industrial production.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved wood, the intensity of this improved wood is high, good toughness; And it is anticorrosion, Anti-moth-eating, anti-mildew, waterproof, fire-retardant, anti-deformation and crack resistence performance are improved significantly; Its density, hardness, bending strength and elastic modelling quantity are all better, can promote the serviceability of timber and the service life of prolonging wood; Also have the natural qualities such as partiting thermal insulation, temperature adjustment and damping, bright in colour, bright, physics striped third dimension is strong, the penetrating nature of sheet material color.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness, comprises the steps:
A, prepare maceration extract: described maceration extract comprises the raw material of following weight portion: cyanurotriamide modified urea resin 10-30 part, dextrin 6-10 part, nano modifier 1-5 part, flexibilizer 1-3 part, auxiliary agent 1-5 part and water 60-100 part; Take above-mentioned raw materials by weight ratio to mix, obtained maceration extract;
B, dipping: timber is carried out vacuum pressed impregnation process, make timber adsorptive liquid;
C, drying: the timber after impregnation process is carried out drying process;
D, heat treatment: the timber after drying process is heat-treated under vacuum conditions.
Modified technique of the present invention can significantly improve intensity and the toughness of timber, and step is simple, and convenient operation and control, steady quality, production efficiency is high, can large-scale industrial production.
Preferably, described step B specifically comprises the steps:
B1, carry out decompression vacuum pumping process to the timber in impregnating autoclave, the relative pressure of wherein first time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.07MPa ~-0.09MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 0.5h ~ 1.5h;
B2, in impregnating autoclave, add maceration extract, carry out impregnating by pressure process, the relative pressure of wherein impregnating by pressure process is 0.7 ~ 2.5MPa, and the processing time is 1.5h ~ 2.5h.
B3, carry out the process of second time decompression vacuum pumping to timber, wherein, the relative pressure of second time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.07MPa ~-0.09MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 0.5h ~ 1.0h.
The present invention by adopting vacuum pressed impregnation process, and strictly controls its process parameter, makes timber can adsorptive liquid better, improves intensity and the dimensional stability of timber.
Preferably, in described step C, the dry gradient increased temperature mode that adopts carries out drying, and baking temperature is from 80 DEG C of gradient increased temperatures to 120 DEG C, and wherein, every 10 DEG C is a heating gradient, 2 days ~ 3 days drying time of the baking temperature of each gradient.
The present invention carries out drying by adopting gradient increased temperature mode, and strict control heating gradient and heating-up time, make the drying effect of timber better, and obtained timber is not yielding and cracking, good stability of the dimension.
Preferably, in described step D, heat treated relative pressure is-0.07MPa ~-0.09MPa, and heat treatment temperature is 180-220 DEG C, and heat treatment time is 2-6h.
The present invention is by adopting heat treatment, and strict control heat treated pressure, temperature and time, the dimensional stability of timber can be significantly improved.
Preferably, in described steps A, the preparation of cyanurotriamide modified urea resin comprises the steps:
A, prepare raw material according to following weight: melamine 350 ~ 450, methyl alcohol 180 ~ 240, formaldehyde 500 ~ 540, urea 50 ~ 150;
B, melamine and formaldehyde are added in reactor, the pH value that NaOH regulates melamine and formaldehyde mixed solution is added after stirring, heat temperature raising reacts, obtained reactant liquor, wherein, pH value after adjustment is 9.1 ~ 9.5, and reaction temperature is 75 DEG C ~ 85 DEG C, and the reaction time is 30 ~ 50min;
C, make reacting liquid temperature in reactor remain 65 DEG C ~ 75 DEG C, then add pH value >=12 that sodium hydroxide solution regulates reactant liquor;
D, in reactor, add methyl alcohol and first urea carries out modified-reaction, reduce the temperature to 60 DEG C of reactor ~ 70 DEG C after reaction 50 ~ 70min, obtain cooling fluid; The addition of first urea is the 10-80% of urea total amount;
E, add hydrochloric acid, regulate pH value to 8.5 ~ 9.5 of cooling fluid, then add the urea of surplus, stir, urea is dissolved, obtains mixed liquor;
F, add hydrochloric acid and regulate pH value to 7 ~ 8 of mixed liquor, then mixed liquor is kept to be under the condition of 55 DEG C ~ 65 DEG C, react that in reactor, to add sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph after 40 ~ 80min be 10 ~ 11 in temperature, cooling discharge, obtained cyanurotriamide modified urea resin.
After cyanurotriamide modified urea resin impregnated timber of the present invention, resin to diffuse in wood cell and makes timber increase-volume, drying removing moisture, resin solidifies due to heating, generate water-fast polymer, deposition is filled in cell, or occurs crosslinked with wood components, thus make that density of wood increases, hardness and intensity improves, dimensional stability improvement.
Preferably, in described steps A, the mixture that nano modifier is made up of with weight ratio 1-3:1 nano silicon and nano titanium oxide.The present invention is by adopting nano silicon and nano titanium oxide as the composite use of nano modifier, and to control its weight ratio be 1-3:1, can improve intensity and the hardness of timber.
Preferably, in described steps A, the mixture that flexibilizer is made up of with weight ratio 1.5-2.5:1 polyvinyl alcohol and CMS.The present invention is by adopting polyvinyl alcohol and CMS as the composite use of flexibilizer, and to control its weight ratio be 1.5-2.5:1, can improve toughness and the processing characteristics of timber.
Preferably, in described steps A, auxiliary agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: solid content be 50% aqueous polyurethane emulsion 10-12 part, sodium phosphate trimer 1-3 part, sodium humate 4-6 part, Ludox 2-4 part, secondary alcohol APEO 1-2 part, Eugenol 0.1-0.5 part and water 30-50 part; Its preparation method is: first sodium phosphate trimer, sodium humate are mixed with water, be stirred to mixed material to dissolve completely, add secondary alcohol APEO, Eugenol, aqueous polyurethane emulsion subsequently, dispersed with stirring 20-30min, add Ludox again, after stirring 8-12min, mixed solution ball milling 1-2h, obtain stabilizing solution, obtained auxiliary agent.
Auxiliary agent of the present invention is by adopting above-mentioned raw materials, and the strict weight proportion controlling each raw material, can improve intensity and the toughness of timber, and improves the preservation of timber against decay, Anti-moth-eating, anti-mildew, waterproof, anti-deformation and crack resistence performance.
Preferably, in described steps A, maceration extract also comprises the raw material of following weight portion: isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether 1-3 part, emulsified wax 1-2 part, Silicone acrylic emulsion 1-2 part, menthyl acetate 0.5-1.5 part, sodium chloride 0.5-1.5 part, sodium molybdate 0.8-1.2 part, alkylbenzenesulfonate 0.8-1.2 part and sodium tetraborate 0.4-0.8 part.The interpolation of above-mentioned raw materials makes maceration extract penetration of the present invention strong, be evenly distributed, and stable performance, hygroscopicity is little, not easily runs off after infiltrating through timber, modified effect is lasting, do not affect the grain of wood and color and luster, the mechanical properties such as modified strength of wood, toughness obtain certain lifting, and safety is fire-retardant, make the timber floor obtained durable in use, security performance is high.
Another object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of improved wood, and described improved wood obtains according to modified technique described above.
The intensity of improved wood of the present invention is high, good toughness; And it is anticorrosion, Anti-moth-eating, anti-mildew, waterproof, fire-retardant, anti-deformation and crack resistence performance are improved significantly; Its density, hardness, bending strength and elastic modelling quantity are all better, can promote the serviceability of timber and the service life of prolonging wood; Also have the natural qualities such as partiting thermal insulation, temperature adjustment and damping, bright in colour, bright, physics striped third dimension is strong, the penetrating nature of sheet material color.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: modified technique of the present invention can significantly improve intensity and the toughness of timber, and step is simple, and convenient operation and control, steady quality, production efficiency is high, can large-scale industrial production.
The improved wood intensity that the present invention obtains is high, and bending strength is up to 165Mpa, and Deflection Modulus of Elasticity is up to 18027Mpa; Good stability of the dimension, not yielding, anti-drying shrinkage ability increases, and radial absolutely dry shrinkage is lower than 5.8%, and tangential absolutely dry shrinkage is lower than 7.5%; Ability that moisture-resistant is swollen increases, and radial bulking factor is lower than 5.7%, and tangential bulking factor is lower than 7.4%; Hardness is high, and wearability is good, and footpath surface hardness is up to 2425N, and string surface hardness is up to 2336N.
The intensity of improved wood of the present invention is high, good toughness; And it is anticorrosion, Anti-moth-eating, anti-mildew, waterproof, fire-retardant, anti-deformation and crack resistence performance are improved significantly; Its density, hardness, bending strength and elastic modelling quantity are all better, can promote the serviceability of timber and the service life of prolonging wood; Also have the natural qualities such as partiting thermal insulation, temperature adjustment and damping, bright in colour, bright, physics striped third dimension is strong, the penetrating nature of sheet material color.
Detailed description of the invention
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, and the content that embodiment is mentioned not is limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Improve a modified technique for strength of wood and toughness, comprise the steps:
A, prepare maceration extract: described maceration extract comprises the raw material of following weight portion: cyanurotriamide modified urea resin 10 parts, 6 parts, dextrin, nano modifier 1 part, flexibilizer 1 part, auxiliary agent 1 part and 60 parts, water; Take above-mentioned raw materials by weight ratio to mix, obtained maceration extract;
B, dipping: timber is carried out vacuum pressed impregnation process, make timber adsorptive liquid;
C, drying: the timber after impregnation process is carried out drying process;
D, heat treatment: the timber after drying process is heat-treated under vacuum conditions.
Described step B specifically comprises the steps:
B1, carry out decompression vacuum pumping process to the timber in impregnating autoclave, the relative pressure of wherein first time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.07MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 0.5h;
B2, in impregnating autoclave, add maceration extract, carry out impregnating by pressure process, the relative pressure of wherein impregnating by pressure process is 0.7MPa, and the processing time is 1.5h.
B3, carry out the process of second time decompression vacuum pumping to timber, wherein, the relative pressure of second time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.07MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 0.5h.
In described step C, the dry gradient increased temperature mode that adopts carries out drying, and baking temperature is from 80 DEG C of gradient increased temperatures to 120 DEG C, and wherein, every 10 DEG C is a heating gradient, 2 days drying times of the baking temperature of each gradient.
In described step D, heat treated relative pressure is-0.07MPa, and heat treatment temperature is 180 DEG C, and heat treatment time is 2h.
In described steps A, the preparation of cyanurotriamide modified urea resin comprises the steps:
A, prepare raw material according to following weight: melamine 350, methyl alcohol 180, formaldehyde 500, urea 50;
B, add in reactor by melamine and formaldehyde, add the pH value that NaOH regulates melamine and formaldehyde mixed solution after stirring, heat temperature raising reacts, obtained reactant liquor, wherein, the pH value after adjustment is 9.1, reaction temperature is 75 DEG C, and the reaction time is 30min;
C, make reacting liquid temperature in reactor remain 65 DEG C, then add pH value >=12 that sodium hydroxide solution regulates reactant liquor;
D, in reactor, add methyl alcohol and first urea carries out modified-reaction, reduce the temperature to 60 DEG C of reactor after reaction 50min, obtain cooling fluid; The addition of first urea is 10% of urea total amount;
E, add hydrochloric acid, regulate the pH value to 8.5 of cooling fluid, then add the urea of surplus, stir, urea is dissolved, obtains mixed liquor;
F, add hydrochloric acid and regulate the pH value to 7 of mixed liquor, then keep mixed liquor to be that in reactor, to add sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph after reacting 40min under the condition of 55 DEG C be 10 in temperature, cooling discharge, obtained cyanurotriamide modified urea resin.
In described steps A, the mixture that nano modifier is made up of with weight ratio 1:1 nano silicon and nano titanium oxide.
In described steps A, the mixture that flexibilizer is made up of with weight ratio 1.5:1 polyvinyl alcohol and CMS.
In described steps A, auxiliary agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: solid content be 50% aqueous polyurethane emulsion 10 parts, sodium phosphate trimer 1 part, sodium humate 4 parts, Ludox 2 parts, secondary alcohol APEO 1 part, Eugenol 0.1 part and 30 parts, water; Its preparation method is: first sodium phosphate trimer, sodium humate are mixed with water, be stirred to mixed material to dissolve completely, add secondary alcohol APEO, Eugenol, aqueous polyurethane emulsion subsequently, dispersed with stirring 20min, add Ludox again, after stirring 8min, mixed solution ball milling 1h, obtain stabilizing solution, obtained auxiliary agent.
In described steps A, maceration extract also comprises the raw material of following weight portion: isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether 1 part, emulsified wax 1 part, Silicone acrylic emulsion 1 part, menthyl acetate 0.5 part, 0.5 part, sodium chloride, sodium molybdate 0.8 part, alkylbenzenesulfonate 0.8 part and sodium tetraborate 0.4 part.
A kind of improved wood, described improved wood obtains according to modified technique described above.
Embodiment 2
Improve a modified technique for strength of wood and toughness, comprise the steps:
A, prepare maceration extract: described maceration extract comprises the raw material of following weight portion: cyanurotriamide modified urea resin 15 parts, 7 parts, dextrin, nano modifier 2 parts, flexibilizer 1.5 parts, auxiliary agent 2 parts and 70 parts, water; Take above-mentioned raw materials by weight ratio to mix, obtained maceration extract;
B, dipping: timber is carried out vacuum pressed impregnation process, make timber adsorptive liquid;
C, drying: the timber after impregnation process is carried out drying process;
D, heat treatment: the timber after drying process is heat-treated under vacuum conditions.
Described step B specifically comprises the steps:
B1, carry out decompression vacuum pumping process to the timber in impregnating autoclave, the relative pressure of wherein first time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.07MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 0.7h;
B2, in impregnating autoclave, add maceration extract, carry out impregnating by pressure process, the relative pressure of wherein impregnating by pressure process is 1MPa, and the processing time is 1.5h.
B3, carry out the process of second time decompression vacuum pumping to timber, wherein, the relative pressure of second time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.07MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 0.6h.
In described step C, the dry gradient increased temperature mode that adopts carries out drying, and baking temperature is from 80 DEG C of gradient increased temperatures to 120 DEG C, and wherein, every 10 DEG C is a heating gradient, 2 days drying times of the baking temperature of each gradient.
In described step D, heat treated relative pressure is-0.07MPa, and heat treatment temperature is 190 DEG C, and heat treatment time is 3h.
In described steps A, the preparation of cyanurotriamide modified urea resin comprises the steps:
A, prepare raw material according to following weight: melamine 375, methyl alcohol 190, formaldehyde 510, urea 75;
B, add in reactor by melamine and formaldehyde, add the pH value that NaOH regulates melamine and formaldehyde mixed solution after stirring, heat temperature raising reacts, obtained reactant liquor, wherein, the pH value after adjustment is 9.2, reaction temperature is 77 DEG C, and the reaction time is 35min;
C, make reacting liquid temperature in reactor remain 67 DEG C, then add pH value >=12 that sodium hydroxide solution regulates reactant liquor;
D, in reactor, add methyl alcohol and first urea carries out modified-reaction, reduce the temperature to 62 DEG C of reactor after reaction 55min, obtain cooling fluid; The addition of first urea is 30% of urea total amount;
E, add hydrochloric acid, regulate the pH value to 8.7 of cooling fluid, then add the urea of surplus, stir, urea is dissolved, obtains mixed liquor;
F, add hydrochloric acid and regulate the pH value to 7.2 of mixed liquor, then keep mixed liquor to be that in reactor, to add sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph after reacting 50min under the condition of 57 DEG C be 10.2 in temperature, cooling discharge, obtained cyanurotriamide modified urea resin.
In described steps A, the mixture that nano modifier is made up of with weight ratio 1.2:1 nano silicon and nano titanium oxide.
In described steps A, the mixture that flexibilizer is made up of with weight ratio 1.7:1 polyvinyl alcohol and CMS.
In described steps A, auxiliary agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: solid content be 50% aqueous polyurethane emulsion 10.5 parts, sodium phosphate trimer 1.5 parts, sodium humate 4.5 parts, Ludox 2.5 parts, secondary alcohol APEO 1.2 parts, Eugenol 0.2 part and 35 parts, water; Its preparation method is: first sodium phosphate trimer, sodium humate are mixed with water, be stirred to mixed material to dissolve completely, add secondary alcohol APEO, Eugenol, aqueous polyurethane emulsion subsequently, dispersed with stirring 22min, add Ludox again, after stirring 9min, mixed solution ball milling 1.2h, obtain stabilizing solution, obtained auxiliary agent.
In described steps A, maceration extract also comprises the raw material of following weight portion: isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether 1.5 parts, emulsified wax 1.2 parts, Silicone acrylic emulsion 1.2 parts, menthyl acetate 0.7 part, 0.7 part, sodium chloride, sodium molybdate 0.9 part, alkylbenzenesulfonate 0.9 part and sodium tetraborate 0.5 part.
A kind of improved wood, described improved wood obtains according to modified technique described above.
Embodiment 3
Improve a modified technique for strength of wood and toughness, comprise the steps:
A, prepare maceration extract: described maceration extract comprises the raw material of following weight portion: cyanurotriamide modified urea resin 20 parts, 8 parts, dextrin, nano modifier 3 parts, flexibilizer 2 parts, auxiliary agent 3 parts and 80 parts, water; Take above-mentioned raw materials by weight ratio to mix, obtained maceration extract;
B, dipping: timber is carried out vacuum pressed impregnation process, make timber adsorptive liquid;
C, drying: the timber after impregnation process is carried out drying process;
D, heat treatment: the timber after drying process is heat-treated under vacuum conditions.
Described step B specifically comprises the steps:
B1, carry out decompression vacuum pumping process to the timber in impregnating autoclave, the relative pressure of wherein first time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.08MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 1h;
B2, in impregnating autoclave, add maceration extract, carry out impregnating by pressure process, the relative pressure of wherein impregnating by pressure process is 1.5MPa, and the processing time is 2h.
B3, carry out the process of second time decompression vacuum pumping to timber, wherein, the relative pressure of second time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.08MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 0.7h.
In described step C, the dry gradient increased temperature mode that adopts carries out drying, and baking temperature is from 80 DEG C of gradient increased temperatures to 120 DEG C, and wherein, every 10 DEG C is a heating gradient, 2.5 days drying times of the baking temperature of each gradient.
In described step D, heat treated relative pressure is-0.08MPa, and heat treatment temperature is 200 DEG C, and heat treatment time is 4h.
In described steps A, the preparation of cyanurotriamide modified urea resin comprises the steps:
A, prepare raw material according to following weight: melamine 400, methyl alcohol 210, formaldehyde 520, urea 100;
B, add in reactor by melamine and formaldehyde, add the pH value that NaOH regulates melamine and formaldehyde mixed solution after stirring, heat temperature raising reacts, obtained reactant liquor, wherein, the pH value after adjustment is 9.3, reaction temperature is 80 DEG C, and the reaction time is 40min;
C, make reacting liquid temperature in reactor remain 70 DEG C, then add pH value >=12 that sodium hydroxide solution regulates reactant liquor;
D, in reactor, add methyl alcohol and first urea carries out modified-reaction, reduce the temperature to 65 DEG C of reactor after reaction 60min, obtain cooling fluid; The addition of first urea is 45% of urea total amount;
E, add hydrochloric acid, regulate the pH value to 9 of cooling fluid, then add the urea of surplus, stir, urea is dissolved, obtains mixed liquor;
F, add hydrochloric acid and regulate the pH value to 7.5 of mixed liquor, then keep mixed liquor to be that in reactor, to add sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph after reacting 60min under the condition of 60 DEG C be 10.5 in temperature, cooling discharge, obtained cyanurotriamide modified urea resin.
In described steps A, the mixture that nano modifier is made up of with weight ratio 2:1 nano silicon and nano titanium oxide.
In described steps A, the mixture that flexibilizer is made up of with weight ratio 2:1 polyvinyl alcohol and CMS.
In described steps A, auxiliary agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: solid content be 50% aqueous polyurethane emulsion 11 parts, sodium phosphate trimer 2 parts, sodium humate 5 parts, Ludox 3 parts, secondary alcohol APEO 1.5 parts, Eugenol 0.3 part and 40 parts, water; Its preparation method is: first sodium phosphate trimer, sodium humate are mixed with water, be stirred to mixed material to dissolve completely, add secondary alcohol APEO, Eugenol, aqueous polyurethane emulsion subsequently, dispersed with stirring 25min, add Ludox again, after stirring 10min, mixed solution ball milling 1.5h, obtain stabilizing solution, obtained auxiliary agent.
In described steps A, maceration extract also comprises the raw material of following weight portion: isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether 2 parts, emulsified wax 1.5 parts, Silicone acrylic emulsion 1.5 parts, menthyl acetate 1 part, 1 part, sodium chloride, sodium molybdate 1 part, alkylbenzenesulfonate 1 part and sodium tetraborate 0.6 part.
A kind of improved wood, described improved wood obtains according to modified technique described above.
Embodiment 4
Improve a modified technique for strength of wood and toughness, comprise the steps:
A, prepare maceration extract: described maceration extract comprises the raw material of following weight portion: cyanurotriamide modified urea resin 25 parts, 8 parts, dextrin, nano modifier 4 parts, flexibilizer 2.5 parts, auxiliary agent 4 parts and 90 parts, water; Take above-mentioned raw materials by weight ratio to mix, obtained maceration extract;
B, dipping: timber is carried out vacuum pressed impregnation process, make timber adsorptive liquid;
C, drying: the timber after impregnation process is carried out drying process;
D, heat treatment: the timber after drying process is heat-treated under vacuum conditions.
Described step B specifically comprises the steps:
B1, carry out decompression vacuum pumping process to the timber in impregnating autoclave, the relative pressure of wherein first time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.09MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 1.2h;
B2, in impregnating autoclave, add maceration extract, carry out impregnating by pressure process, the relative pressure of wherein impregnating by pressure process is 2MPa, and the processing time is 2.2h.
B3, carry out the process of second time decompression vacuum pumping to timber, wherein, the relative pressure of second time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.09MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 0.8h.
In described step C, the dry gradient increased temperature mode that adopts carries out drying, and baking temperature is from 80 DEG C of gradient increased temperatures to 120 DEG C, and wherein, every 10 DEG C is a heating gradient, 3 days drying times of the baking temperature of each gradient.
In described step D, heat treated relative pressure is-0.09MPa, and heat treatment temperature is 210 DEG C, and heat treatment time is 5h.
In described steps A, the preparation of cyanurotriamide modified urea resin comprises the steps:
A, prepare raw material according to following weight: melamine 425, methyl alcohol 225, formaldehyde 530, urea 125;
B, add in reactor by melamine and formaldehyde, add the pH value that NaOH regulates melamine and formaldehyde mixed solution after stirring, heat temperature raising reacts, obtained reactant liquor, wherein, the pH value after adjustment is 9.4, reaction temperature is 82 DEG C, and the reaction time is 45min;
C, make reacting liquid temperature in reactor remain 72 DEG C, then add pH value >=12 that sodium hydroxide solution regulates reactant liquor;
D, in reactor, add methyl alcohol and first urea carries out modified-reaction, reduce the temperature to 68 DEG C of reactor after reaction 65min, obtain cooling fluid; The addition of first urea is 60% of urea total amount;
E, add hydrochloric acid, regulate the pH value to 9.2 of cooling fluid, then add the urea of surplus, stir, urea is dissolved, obtains mixed liquor;
F, add hydrochloric acid and regulate the pH value to 7.8 of mixed liquor, then keep mixed liquor to be that in reactor, to add sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph after reacting 70min under the condition of 62 DEG C be 10.8 in temperature, cooling discharge, obtained cyanurotriamide modified urea resin.
In described steps A, the mixture that nano modifier is made up of with weight ratio 2.5:1 nano silicon and nano titanium oxide.
In described steps A, the mixture that flexibilizer is made up of with weight ratio 2.2:1 polyvinyl alcohol and CMS.
In described steps A, auxiliary agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: solid content be 50% aqueous polyurethane emulsion 11.5 parts, sodium phosphate trimer 2.5 parts, sodium humate 5.5 parts, Ludox 3.5 parts, secondary alcohol APEO 1.8 parts, Eugenol 0.4 part and 45 parts, water; Its preparation method is: first sodium phosphate trimer, sodium humate are mixed with water, be stirred to mixed material to dissolve completely, add secondary alcohol APEO, Eugenol, aqueous polyurethane emulsion subsequently, dispersed with stirring 28min, add Ludox again, after stirring 11min, mixed solution ball milling 1.8h, obtain stabilizing solution, obtained auxiliary agent.
In described steps A, maceration extract also comprises the raw material of following weight portion: isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether 2.5 parts, emulsified wax 1.8 parts, Silicone acrylic emulsion 1.8 parts, menthyl acetate 1.2 parts, 1.2 parts, sodium chloride, sodium molybdate 1.1 parts, alkylbenzenesulfonate 1.1 parts and sodium tetraborate 0.7 part.
A kind of improved wood, described improved wood obtains according to modified technique described above.
Embodiment 5
Improve a modified technique for strength of wood and toughness, comprise the steps:
A, prepare maceration extract: described maceration extract comprises the raw material of following weight portion: cyanurotriamide modified urea resin 30 parts, 10 parts, dextrin, nano modifier 5 parts, flexibilizer 3 parts, auxiliary agent 5 parts and 100 parts, water; Take above-mentioned raw materials by weight ratio to mix, obtained maceration extract;
B, dipping: timber is carried out vacuum pressed impregnation process, make timber adsorptive liquid;
C, drying: the timber after impregnation process is carried out drying process;
D, heat treatment: the timber after drying process is heat-treated under vacuum conditions.
Described step B specifically comprises the steps:
B1, carry out decompression vacuum pumping process to the timber in impregnating autoclave, the relative pressure of wherein first time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.09MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 1.5h;
B2, in impregnating autoclave, add maceration extract, carry out impregnating by pressure process, the relative pressure of wherein impregnating by pressure process is 2.5MPa, and the processing time is 2.5h.
B3, carry out the process of second time decompression vacuum pumping to timber, wherein, the relative pressure of second time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.09MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 1.0h.
In described step C, the dry gradient increased temperature mode that adopts carries out drying, and baking temperature is from 80 DEG C of gradient increased temperatures to 120 DEG C, and wherein, every 10 DEG C is a heating gradient, 3 days drying times of the baking temperature of each gradient.
In described step D, heat treated relative pressure is-0.09MPa, and heat treatment temperature is 220 DEG C, and heat treatment time is 6h.
In described steps A, the preparation of cyanurotriamide modified urea resin comprises the steps:
A, prepare raw material according to following weight: melamine 450, methyl alcohol 240, formaldehyde 540, urea 150;
B, add in reactor by melamine and formaldehyde, add the pH value that NaOH regulates melamine and formaldehyde mixed solution after stirring, heat temperature raising reacts, obtained reactant liquor, wherein, the pH value after adjustment is 9.5, reaction temperature is 85 DEG C, and the reaction time is 50min;
C, make reacting liquid temperature in reactor remain 75 DEG C, then add pH value >=12 that sodium hydroxide solution regulates reactant liquor;
D, in reactor, add methyl alcohol and first urea carries out modified-reaction, reduce the temperature to 70 DEG C of reactor after reaction 70min, obtain cooling fluid; The addition of first urea is 80% of urea total amount;
E, add hydrochloric acid, regulate the pH value to 9.5 of cooling fluid, then add the urea of surplus, stir, urea is dissolved, obtains mixed liquor;
F, add hydrochloric acid and regulate the pH value to 8 of mixed liquor, then keep mixed liquor to be that in reactor, to add sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph after reacting 80min under the condition of 65 DEG C be 11 in temperature, cooling discharge, obtained cyanurotriamide modified urea resin.
In described steps A, the mixture that nano modifier is made up of with weight ratio 3:1 nano silicon and nano titanium oxide.
In described steps A, the mixture that flexibilizer is made up of with weight ratio 2.5:1 polyvinyl alcohol and CMS.
In described steps A, auxiliary agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: solid content be 50% aqueous polyurethane emulsion 12 parts, sodium phosphate trimer 3 parts, sodium humate 6 parts, Ludox 4 parts, secondary alcohol APEO 2 parts, Eugenol 0.5 part and 50 parts, water; Its preparation method is: first sodium phosphate trimer, sodium humate are mixed with water, be stirred to mixed material to dissolve completely, add secondary alcohol APEO, Eugenol, aqueous polyurethane emulsion subsequently, dispersed with stirring 30min, add Ludox again, after stirring 12min, mixed solution ball milling 2h, obtain stabilizing solution, obtained auxiliary agent.
In described steps A, maceration extract also comprises the raw material of following weight portion: isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether 3 parts, emulsified wax 2 parts, Silicone acrylic emulsion 2 parts, menthyl acetate 1.5 parts, 1.5 parts, sodium chloride, sodium molybdate 1.2 parts, alkylbenzenesulfonate 1.2 parts and sodium tetraborate 0.8 part.
A kind of improved wood, described improved wood obtains according to modified technique described above.
The mechanical and physical performance of the improved wood that embodiment 1-5 obtains is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Test event | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 |
| Bending strength (Mpa) | 160 | 163 | 165 | 164 | 162 |
| Deflection Modulus of Elasticity (Mpa) | 17892 | 17943 | 18027 | 18015 | 17961 |
| Radial absolutely dry shrinkage (%) | 6.4 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.3 |
| Tangential absolutely dry shrinkage (%) | 8.3 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 8.1 |
| Radial bulking factor (%) | 6.3 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 6.2 |
| Tangential bulking factor (%) | 8.2 | 7.8 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 8.0 |
| Footpath surface hardness (N) | 2389 | 2416 | 2425 | 2408 | 2357 |
| String surface hardness (N) | 2308 | 2317 | 2336 | 2325 | 2312 |
As can be seen from the above table, the improved wood intensity that the present invention obtains is high, and bending strength is up to 165Mpa, and Deflection Modulus of Elasticity is up to 18027Mpa; Good stability of the dimension, not yielding, anti-drying shrinkage ability increases, and radial absolutely dry shrinkage is lower than 5.8%, and tangential absolutely dry shrinkage is lower than 7.5%; Ability that moisture-resistant is swollen increases, and radial bulking factor is lower than 5.7%, and tangential bulking factor is lower than 7.4%; Hardness is high, and wearability is good, and footpath surface hardness is up to 2425N, and string surface hardness is up to 2336N.
The intensity of improved wood of the present invention is high, good toughness; And it is anticorrosion, Anti-moth-eating, anti-mildew, waterproof, fire-retardant, anti-deformation and crack resistence performance are improved significantly; Its density, hardness, bending strength and elastic modelling quantity are all better, can promote the serviceability of timber and the service life of prolonging wood; Also have the natural qualities such as partiting thermal insulation, temperature adjustment and damping, bright in colour, bright, physics striped third dimension is strong, the penetrating nature of sheet material color.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably implementation, and in addition, the present invention can also realize by alternate manner, and any apparent replacement is all within protection scope of the present invention without departing from the inventive concept of the premise.
Claims (10)
1. improve a modified technique for strength of wood and toughness, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A, prepare maceration extract: described maceration extract comprises the raw material of following weight portion: cyanurotriamide modified urea resin 10-30 part, dextrin 6-10 part, nano modifier 1-5 part, flexibilizer 1-3 part, auxiliary agent 1-5 part and water 60-100 part; Take above-mentioned raw materials by weight ratio to mix, obtained maceration extract;
B, dipping: timber is carried out vacuum pressed impregnation process, make timber adsorptive liquid;
C, drying: the timber after impregnation process is carried out drying process;
D, heat treatment: the timber after drying process is heat-treated under vacuum conditions.
2. a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step B specifically comprises the steps:
B1, carry out decompression vacuum pumping process to the timber in impregnating autoclave, the relative pressure of wherein first time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.07MPa ~-0.09MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 0.5h ~ 1.5h;
B2, in impregnating autoclave, add maceration extract, carry out impregnating by pressure process, the relative pressure of wherein impregnating by pressure process is 0.7 ~ 2.5MPa, and the processing time is 1.5h ~ 2.5h;
B3, carry out the process of second time decompression vacuum pumping to timber, wherein, the relative pressure of second time decompression vacuum pumping process is-0.07MPa ~-0.09MPa, and vacuumizing the processing time is 0.5h ~ 1.0h.
3. a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step C, the dry gradient increased temperature mode that adopts carries out drying, baking temperature is from 80 DEG C of gradient increased temperatures to 120 DEG C, wherein, every 10 DEG C is a heating gradient, 2 days ~ 3 days drying time of the baking temperature of each gradient.
4. a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step D, and heat treated relative pressure is-0.07MPa ~-0.09MPa, and heat treatment temperature is 180-220 DEG C, and heat treatment time is 2-6h.
5. a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described steps A, the preparation of cyanurotriamide modified urea resin comprises the steps:
A, prepare raw material according to following weight: melamine 350 ~ 450, methyl alcohol 180 ~ 240, formaldehyde 500 ~ 540, urea 50 ~ 150;
B, melamine and formaldehyde are added in reactor, the pH value that NaOH regulates melamine and formaldehyde mixed solution is added after stirring, heat temperature raising reacts, obtained reactant liquor, wherein, pH value after adjustment is 9.1 ~ 9.5, and reaction temperature is 75 DEG C ~ 85 DEG C, and the reaction time is 30 ~ 50min;
C, make reacting liquid temperature in reactor remain 65 DEG C ~ 75 DEG C, then add pH value >=12 that sodium hydroxide solution regulates reactant liquor;
D, in reactor, add methyl alcohol and first urea carries out modified-reaction, reduce the temperature to 60 DEG C of reactor ~ 70 DEG C after reaction 50 ~ 70min, obtain cooling fluid; The addition of first urea is the 10-80% of urea total amount;
E, add hydrochloric acid, regulate pH value to 8.5 ~ 9.5 of cooling fluid, then add the urea of surplus, stir, urea is dissolved, obtains mixed liquor;
F, add hydrochloric acid and regulate pH value to 7 ~ 8 of mixed liquor, then mixed liquor is kept to be under the condition of 55 DEG C ~ 65 DEG C, react that in reactor, to add sodium hydroxide solution adjust ph after 40 ~ 80min be 10 ~ 11 in temperature, cooling discharge, obtained cyanurotriamide modified urea resin.
6. a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described steps A, the mixture that nano modifier is made up of with weight ratio 1-3:1 nano silicon and nano titanium oxide.
7. a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described steps A, the mixture that flexibilizer is made up of with weight ratio 1.5-2.5:1 polyvinyl alcohol and CMS.
8. a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described steps A, auxiliary agent is made up of the raw material of following weight portion: solid content be 50% aqueous polyurethane emulsion 10-12 part, sodium phosphate trimer 1-3 part, sodium humate 4-6 part, Ludox 2-4 part, secondary alcohol APEO 1-2 part, Eugenol 0.1-0.5 part and water 30-50 part; Its preparation method is: first sodium phosphate trimer, sodium humate are mixed with water, be stirred to mixed material to dissolve completely, add secondary alcohol APEO, Eugenol, aqueous polyurethane emulsion subsequently, dispersed with stirring 20-30min, add Ludox again, after stirring 8-12min, mixed solution ball milling 1-2h, obtain stabilizing solution, obtained auxiliary agent.
9. a kind of modified technique improving strength of wood and toughness according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described steps A, maceration extract also comprises the raw material of following weight portion: isomerous tridecanol polyoxyethylene ether 1-3 part, emulsified wax 1-2 part, Silicone acrylic emulsion 1-2 part, menthyl acetate 0.5-1.5 part, sodium chloride 0.5-1.5 part, sodium molybdate 0.8-1.2 part, alkylbenzenesulfonate 0.8-1.2 part and sodium tetraborate 0.4-0.8 part.
10. an improved wood, is characterized in that: the modified technique of described improved wood according to any one of claim 1-9 obtains.
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| CN115519639A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-27 | 江西元正木业有限公司 | Jade effect processing device for wooden furniture parts |
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