CN104799015A - Feed additive for promoting growth and resisting ammonia nitrogen stress of tilapia mossambica - Google Patents
Feed additive for promoting growth and resisting ammonia nitrogen stress of tilapia mossambica Download PDFInfo
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- CN104799015A CN104799015A CN201510259131.6A CN201510259131A CN104799015A CN 104799015 A CN104799015 A CN 104799015A CN 201510259131 A CN201510259131 A CN 201510259131A CN 104799015 A CN104799015 A CN 104799015A
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- tilapia mossambica
- cobastab
- feed addictive
- amino acid
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed additive for promoting growth and resisting ammonia nitrogen stress of tilapia mossambica. The additive consists of a crystalized amino acid mixture and compound vitamins; the crystalized amino acid mixture comprises essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids, wherein the essential amino acids include 3-9 percent of arginine, 1-3 percent of histidine, 5-11 percent of leucine, 3-7 percent of isoleucine, 3-9 percent of lysine, 1-5 percent of methionine, 2-7 percent of threonine, 2-8 percent of phenylalanine, 1-3 percent of tryptophan and 3-9 percent of valine; the non-essential amino acids include 3-12 percent of aspartic acid, 3-10 percent of serine, 1-4 percent of glycine, 2-8 percent of alanine, 0-2 percent of cystine, 2-6 percent of tyrosine, 2-12 percent of glutamic acid and 1-4 percent of proline. The tilapia mossambica feed additive disclosed by the invention is balanced in proportion and can be used for remarkably increasing the growth rate of the tilapia mossambica, remarkably improving the ammonia nitrogen stress resistance of the tilapia mossambica and increasing the cultivation profit of the tilapia mossambica.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fodder, relate to a kind of feed addictive used for aquiculture, particularly a kind of Tilapia mossambica growth promotion, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress feed addictive.
Background technology
Tilapia mossambica is the high-quality fish that FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) cultivates to world-wide deployment.In recent years, along with the fast development of China's Tilapia mossambica aquaculture, the continuous expansion of cultivation scale, tuple amount, gently manage, consumption of natural resource, sacrificialing environment too much, affect the quality safety of Tilapia mossambica product, the health of the threat mankind.Research finds, " stress " be the reason that the multiple disease of Tilapia mossambica is sent out, " stress " be after animal is subject to the stimulation of inside and outside environment change, body self-control reaches a series of non-specific responding that new dynamic equilibrium produces or the sum total claiming non-specific responding; " stress " be the natural reaction of the self-protection produced in animal self evolutionary process.Stress reaction can suppress the immunologic function of Tilapia mossambica, is often in the Tilapia mossambica physiological dysfunction of stress situation, catches gradually.
Ammonia in water body is extremely malicious to fish, and under the condition that particularly, water temperature high in pH value is high, its toxicity is larger, generally all presses the molecules of ammonia of 0.05 ~ 0.1mg/L nitrogen as admissible higher limit.The suitable existence water environment temperature of Tilapia mossambica is 25 DEG C ~ 35 DEG C, higher than the fish such as black carp, grass carp, silver carp, bighead, carp, crucian (optimum growth water temperature is 23 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C), the harm of nitrogen in water body to Tilapia mossambica is larger, outstanding along with food-safety problem, the safety of Tilapia mossambica product and Growing Quality also result in the concern of raiser, and the anti-ammonia nitrogen how improving Tilapia mossambica also stress seem particularly important.
Along with the raising of people's living standard and the enhancing of ecological protection consciousness, improve further the requirement of Tilapia mossambica production process to ambient influnence, resources conservation, eco-friendly sustainable development idea are through in specialization, intensive healthy aquaculture.
Therefore, comprehensive nutrition is researched and developed and conversion ratio is high, improve Tilapia mossambica immunity, the additive for fodder of resisting stress is extremely important.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of reasonable mixture ratio, Tilapia mossambica feed additive special balanced in nutrition, this additive can promote juvenile tilapia growth rate, significantly strengthen the anti-ammonia nitrogen stress ability of Tilapia mossambica, promotes Tilapia mossambica cultivation profit.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is as follows:
Tilapia mossambica growth promotion, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress a feed addictive, described feed addictive comprises crystalline amino acid mixture and B B-complex, and described crystalline amino acid mixture comprises essential amino acid and nonessential amino acid.
As Tilapia mossambica growth promotion of the present invention, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress the preferred version of feed addictive, described feed addictive is crystalline amino acid mixture and B B-complex, it is 24 ~ 71% that described essential amino acid accounts for described feed addictive weight ratio, and it is 14 ~ 58% that described nonessential amino acid accounts for described feed addictive weight ratio.
As Tilapia mossambica growth promotion of the present invention, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress the further preferred version of feed addictive, it is as follows that each component of described essential amino acid accounts for described feed addictive weight ratio: arginine 3 ~ 9%, histidine 1 ~ 3%, leucine 5 ~ 11%, isoleucine 3 ~ 7%, lysine 3 ~ 9%, methionine 1 ~ 5%, threonine 2 ~ 7%, phenylalanine 2 ~ 8%, tryptophan 1 ~ 3%, valine 3 ~ 9%.
As Tilapia mossambica growth promotion of the present invention, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress the further preferred version again of feed addictive, it is as follows that each component of described nonessential amino acid accounts for described feed addictive weight ratio: aspartic acid 3 ~ 12%, serine 3 ~ 10%, glycine 1 ~ 4%, alanine 2 ~ 8%, cystine 0 ~ 2%, tyrosine 2 ~ 6%, glutamic acid 2 ~ 12%, proline 1 ~ 4%.
As Tilapia mossambica growth promotion of the present invention, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress the preferred version of feed addictive either a program, in described B B-complex, to account for described feed addictive weight ratio as follows for each component: vitamin A 0 ~ 0.05%, Cobastab
10 ~ 0.5%, Cobastab
20 ~ 0.6%, Cobastab
30 ~ 2.0%, Cobastab
50 ~ 1.0%, Cobastab
60 ~ 0.3%, Cobastab
70 ~ 0.01%, Cobastab
90 ~ 0.2%, Cobastab
120 ~ 0.001%, inositol 0 ~ 11%, vitamin C 0 ~ 4.1%, vitamin D
30 ~ 0.002%, vitamin E 0 ~ 1.0%, vitamin K
30 ~ 0.3%.
The application process of tilapia feed additive of the present invention is: in the production process of compound feed of tilapia, add feed addictive of the present invention by 0.5 ~ 3.0% of mixed feed gross weight, production technology prepares mixed feed routinely.
In additive, each amino acid composition participates in synthesis and degraded two aspects of protein now to the reconciliation statement of the protein metabolism of Tilapia mossambica.Research find valine and lysine, methionine, tryptophan, serine collaborative use can save tilapia feed protein content.In addition, the immune response of each component of amino acid and Tilapia mossambica has a lot of relevance.Valine and sulfur-containing amino acid shortage can cause thymus gland and lymphoid tissue impaired, suppress the hyperplasia of neutrocyte.Excess of ammonia base acid simultaneously also can produce infringement to the immunocompetence of animal, the too high metabolism disturbing isoleucine and valine of level such as such as isoleucine.There is similar structure between each component of amino acid, this makes it in absorption and metabolism process, all there is competition each other, produces antagonism and synergy.Therefore, amino acid whose rational proportion and utilization are with significant to the cultivation of Tilapia mossambica.
Vitamin A maintains animal normal growth to grow necessary liposoluble vitamin, has physiological action widely, as maintained normal visual acuity, growth promoting effects, raising immunity of organisms etc.Cobastab
1also known as thiamine, after thiamine pyrophosphokinase catalysis, be transformed into diphosphothiamine (TPP) in vivo, be maintain animal body eubolism and the necessary nutriment of health, participate in tricarboxylic acid cycle and glycometabolism process.Cobastab
2also known as riboflavin, be the important composition composition of coenzyme FMN (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) (FAD), these two kinds of coenzyme participate in vivo oxidation reduction reaction, closely related with energetic supersession.Cobastab
3be the raw material of synthesis coacetylase, and coacetylase is the coenzyme of acylation, realizes in vivo, to the acidylate of the transfer of acetyl group and butanedioic acid, malic acid, participating in citrate cycle, having important effect.Cobastab
5the metabolism of main involved in sugar lipoids, protein, plays an important role to the last oxidative degradation of substrate in citrate cycle.Cobastab
6relevant with amino acid whose metabolism with protein, turning ammonia, deamination and desulfurization base, and playing a significant role in the decomposition and synthesis of catalytic amino acid.Cobastab
7also known as biotin, be the coenzyme of multiple carboxylase, in carboxylase reaction, play CO
2the effect of carrier, plays an important role in the biochemical reaction such as Fatty synthesis, gluconeogenesis approach, and increasing fish growth, organism immune response and resistance has facilitation.Cobastab
9also known as folic acid, participate in the formation of purine and pyrimidine in nucleic acid synthesis mainly as coenzyme, the main synthetic cell DNA that participates in closes and promotes phenylalanine and tyrosine, histidine and glutamic acid, the conversion of cysteine and methionine.Cobastab
12dNA biosynthesis and protein metabolism in main participation cell, Cobastab in animal body
12apocleisis, undergrowth, anaemia etc. are shown as during shortage.Inositol system vitamin B complex material, adds inositol and can improve feed efficiency in feed, accelerate fish growth, promotes the fat metabolism in liver and its hetero-organization.Vitamin C is fish body normal growth and the necessary nutrient of various physiological functions, and there is the effect of immunological regulation, raising fish body premunition, the biosynthesis of collagen synthesis, carnitine and norepinephrine and neuroendocrine peptide is all closely related with it in addition.Vitamin D
3effectively can promote that Tilapia mossambica is to the absorption of P element in feed and digestion, promote sclerotin mineralising and nervimuscular regulating action, reduce the discharge of phosphorus in breeding process.Vitamin E protects material that in body, unrighted acid etc. is easily oxidized from oxidation as antioxidant; erythrocyte membrane can be protected simultaneously; make it increase the resistance of haemolysate, vitamin E also participates in regulating tissue respiration and oxidative phosphorylation process in addition.Vitamin K
3major function coordinates other specified proteins to form factor, clotting factor, plays a role in addition in the mobilization and bone growth of calcium.Based on above-mentioned each component to the effect of body, and in conjunction with the growth demand of Tilapia mossambica, devise Tilapia mossambica growth promotion of the present invention, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress feed addictive.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) crystalline amino acid mixture and B B-complex wide material sources, proportion balance in feed addictive of the present invention, add in feed Tilapia mossambica growth promotion of the present invention, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress feed addictive can improve significantly Tilapia mossambica cultivation economic benefit, significantly can strengthen the anti-stress ability of Tilapia mossambica, improve the immunocompetence of Tilapia mossambica, reduce a sick rate, improve survival rate; Promote the growth of Tilapia mossambica, improve flesh quality.
(2) proportion balance is adopted and the high feed addictive of protein transform rate; reduce the pollution of water body ammonia nitrogen discharge; the water body environment of protection Tilapia mossambica cultivation; contribute to improving specialization, intensive healthy aquaculture water is put down, meet resources conservation, eco-friendly sustainable development idea simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Tilapia mossambica growth promotion of the present invention, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress feed addictive 1 constituent content: 1000g additive is containing arginine 62.3g, histidine 23g, leucine 86g, isoleucine 59g, lysine 63g, methionine 32g, threonine 53g, phenylalanine 41g, tryptophan 14g, valine 63g, aspartic acid 90g, serine 83g, glycine 23g, alanine 59g, cystine 5g, trorsine 14 1g, glutamic acid 90g, proline 15g, vitamin A 200mg, Cobastab
12g, Cobastab
22g, Cobastab
310g, Cobastab
55g, Cobastab
61g, Cobastab
720mg, Cobastab
9500mg, Cobastab
123mg, inositol 50g, vitamin C 20g, vitamin D
35mg, vitamin E 6g, vitamin K
31g.
With the common commercially available mixed fodder of the ratio of 3wt% mixing, raise 5.5g bolti juvenile fish 8 weeks, growth data and ammonia nitrogen in high density stress descend 96h survival rate as shown in table 1, additive 1 group Tilapia mossambica rate of body weight gain of throwing something and feeding to be thrown something and fed group raising 89% than common mixed fodder, specific growth rate improves 0.24%/d, feed coefficient reduces by 0.29, and ammonia nitrogen in high density stress descend 96h survival rate to improve 30%.
Table 1 feed addictive 1 of the present invention affects Growth Op Tilapia
| The commercially available mixed fodder of additive 1+ | Commercially available mixed fodder | |
| Rate of body weight gain (%) | 611 | 522 |
| Specific growth rate (%/d) | 3.50 | 3.26 |
| Feed coefficient | 1.54 | 1.87 |
| 96h survival rate (%) | 73 | 43 |
Embodiment 2
Tilapia mossambica growth promotion of the present invention, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress feed addictive 2 constituent content: 1000g additive is containing arginine 56g, histidine 20g, leucine 76g, isoleucine 52g, lysine 56g, methionine 28.8g, threonine 47.2g, phenylalanine-3,4-quinone 6g, tryptophan 12.8g, valine 56g, aspartic acid 80g, serine 73.6g, glycine 20g, alanine 52g, cystine 4g, tyrosine 36g, glutamic acid 80g, proline 13.6g, vitamin A 400mg, Cobastab
14g, Cobastab
24g, Cobastab
320g, Cobastab
510g, Cobastab
62g, Cobastab
740mg, Cobastab
91g, Cobastab
126mg, inositol 106g, vitamin C 40.5g, vitamin D
310mg, vitamin E 10g, vitamin K
32g.
With the common commercially available mixed fodder of the ratio of 3wt% mixing, raise 5.5g bolti juvenile fish 8 weeks, growth data and low concentration ammonia N stress 24h Biochemical Indices In Serum as shown in table 2, additive 2 group Tilapia mossambica rate of body weight gain of throwing something and feeding to be thrown something and fed group raising 62% than common mixed fodder, specific growth rate improves 0.17%/d, feed coefficient reduces by 0.26, after low concentration ammonia N stress 24h, record the non-specificity index such as superoxide dismutase SOD in Tilapia mossambica serum, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminease AST, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase ALT and be significantly higher than commercially available mixed fodder nursing group.
Table 2 feed addictive 2 of the present invention affects Growth Op Tilapia
| The commercially available mixed fodder of additive 2+ | Commercially available mixed fodder | |
| Rate of body weight gain (%) | 584 | 522 |
| Specific growth rate (%/d) | 3.43 | 3.26 |
| Feed coefficient | 1.61 | 1.87 |
| SOD in serum (U/mL) | 260 | 171 |
| Serum AST (U/mL) | 164 | 113 |
| Serum ALT (U/mL) | 22.6 | 12.7 |
Claims (5)
1. Tilapia mossambica growth promotion, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress a feed addictive, it is characterized in that: described feed addictive comprises crystalline amino acid mixture and B B-complex, described crystalline amino acid mixture comprises essential amino acid and nonessential amino acid.
2. Tilapia mossambica growth promotion according to claim 1, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress feed addictive, it is characterized in that: described feed addictive is crystalline amino acid mixture and B B-complex, it is 24 ~ 71% that described essential amino acid accounts for described feed addictive weight ratio, and it is 14 ~ 58 % that described nonessential amino acid accounts for described feed addictive weight ratio.
3. Tilapia mossambica growth promotion according to claim 2, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress feed addictive, it is characterized in that: it is as follows that each component of described essential amino acid accounts for described feed addictive weight ratio: arginine 3 ~ 9%, histidine 1 ~ 3%, leucine 5 ~ 11%, isoleucine 3 ~ 7%, lysine 3 ~ 9%, methionine 1 ~ 5%, threonine 2 ~ 7%, phenylalanine 2 ~ 8%, tryptophan 1 ~ 3%, valine 3 ~ 9%.
4. Tilapia mossambica growth promotion according to claim 3, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress feed addictive, it is characterized in that: it is as follows that each component of described nonessential amino acid accounts for described feed addictive weight ratio: aspartic acid 3 ~ 12%, serine 3 ~ 10%, glycine 1 ~ 4%, alanine 2 ~ 8%, cystine 0 ~ 2%, tyrosine 2 ~ 6%, glutamic acid 2 ~ 12%, proline 1 ~ 4%.
5. the Tilapia mossambica growth promotion according to the arbitrary claim of claim 1 ~ 4, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress feed addictive, it is characterized in that: in described B B-complex, to account for described feed addictive weight ratio as follows for each component: vitamin A 0 ~ 0.05%, Cobastab
10 ~ 0.5%, Cobastab
20 ~ 0.6%, Cobastab
30 ~ 2.0%, Cobastab
50 ~ 1.0%, Cobastab
60 ~ 0.3%, Cobastab
70 ~ 0.01%, Cobastab
90 ~ 0.2%, Cobastab
120 ~ 0.001%, inositol 0 ~ 11%, vitamin C 0 ~ 4.1%, vitamin D
30 ~ 0.002%, vitamin E 0 ~ 1.0%, vitamin K
30 ~ 0.3%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510259131.6A CN104799015A (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | Feed additive for promoting growth and resisting ammonia nitrogen stress of tilapia mossambica |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105379967A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-03-09 | 广东肇庆星湖生物科技股份有限公司 | Compound amino acid nutrition bag and preparation method thereof |
| CN105532524A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 浙江海洋学院 | Grading and optimizing method for ammonia nitrogen resistance of marsupenaeus japonicas shrimp seed |
| CN105995215A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-10-12 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Puffing feed capable of promoting growth of aristichthys nobilis and enabling aristichthys nobilis to resist stress of nitrite in water bodies, and preparation method of puffing feed |
| CN113455598A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-10-01 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Feed additive for improving immunity of Haliotis diversicolor and application thereof |
| CN116711807A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-09-08 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Tilapia feed additive and application thereof in feed |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105379967A (en) * | 2015-10-21 | 2016-03-09 | 广东肇庆星湖生物科技股份有限公司 | Compound amino acid nutrition bag and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113455598A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-10-01 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Feed additive for improving immunity of Haliotis diversicolor and application thereof |
| CN116711807A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-09-08 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Tilapia feed additive and application thereof in feed |
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