CN104797748A - Composite spinneret, conjugated fiber, and process for manufacturing conjugated fiber - Google Patents

Composite spinneret, conjugated fiber, and process for manufacturing conjugated fiber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104797748A
CN104797748A CN201380060030.5A CN201380060030A CN104797748A CN 104797748 A CN104797748 A CN 104797748A CN 201380060030 A CN201380060030 A CN 201380060030A CN 104797748 A CN104797748 A CN 104797748A
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China
Prior art keywords
tap
island
polymer
extra large
composite
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CN201380060030.5A
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CN104797748B (en
Inventor
增田正人
宫下雅臣
船越祥二
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Toray Industries Inc
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Toray Industries Inc
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/082—Melt spinning methods of mixed yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/36—Matrix structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
    • Y10T428/2931—Fibers or filaments nonconcentric [e.g., side-by-side or eccentric, etc.]

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing: a conjugated fiber having a sea-island structure such that the sea polymer of the sea-island structure can be easily eluted even when the island component is present at a high density; and a spinneret suitable for manufacturing the conjugated fiber. This conjugated fiber has sea-island regions (42) and a sea component region (44), wherein the sea component region (44) lies among the sea-island regions (42), and has a width which is equal to or larger than a prescribed level. This composite spinneret has a discharge plate which has an extrusion hole assembly that is composed of both a group of sea extrusion holes for forming the sea component region and a group of sea-island extrusion holes.

Description

The manufacture method of composite spinning jete and composite fibre, composite fibre
Technical field
The composite fibre that the present invention relates to composite spinning jete for discharging the composite polymeric logistics be made up of two or more polymer and obtain by using the composite spinning machine of this composite spinning jete to carry out melt spinning, the manufacture method of composite fibre.
Background technology
By combining two or more polymer, the composite fibre replenishing performance insufficient in the polymer of single component or give brand-new function due to the variation of purposes by a large amount of exploitations.
Island-in-sea type composite fiber as one of composite fibre is following fiber, when observing cross section, form different two or more polymer in being separated, certain polymer dispersed, in another kind of polymer, is regarded the former polymer as island and regards the polymer of the latter as sea.Below the former polymer is called " island polymer ", the polymer of the latter is called " extra large polymer ".
And after manufacturing island-in-sea type composite fiber at melt spinning, by by easy dissolved element and extra large polymer stripping, only can make difficult dissolved element and island polymer residue, obtaining filamentary string diameter is nano level superfine fibre.In dress material purposes, show flexible touch, superfine degree that general fiber cannot obtain, be applicable to dermatine, new sense of touch textiles etc.In addition, because fibrous septum is fine and close, so can be used as high-density fabric, also can launch in windproof at needs, hydrophobic motion dress material purposes.In addition, in industry material applications, because specific area increase, dust catching improve and go for high-performance filter etc., in addition because superfine fibre enters fine groove, wipe dirt, and also go for the cleaning wiping cloth or precise finiss cloth etc. of precision machinery etc.
Usually, in composite spinning jete, form composite polymeric logistics, the gimmick manufacturing composite fibre is thus called composite spinning method, by by polymer melting mixing each other and the gimmick manufactured is called polymer alloy method.
In polymer alloy method, superfine fibre can be manufactured in the same manner as composite spinning method, but there is the limit in the control of fibre diameter, be difficult to obtain uniform superfine fibre.In contrast, composite spinning method forms the composite polymeric logistics be made up of two or more polymer in composite spinning jete, critically can control composite construction.Therefore, can be formed uniformly high-precision silk section morphology in, superiority is higher than polymer alloy method.
In this composite spinning method, control to carry out stable silk cross section, composite spinning jete technology is most important.Therefore, at present, motion miscellaneous has been carried out.
If the composite spinning jete technology relevant with island-in-sea type composite fiber is roughly divided into two classes, then there are pipe method spinning head technology and method of salary distribution spinning head technology.
The typical example of pipe method spinning head is disclosed in patent document 1.Figure 15 represents the partial enlargement longitudinal section of the composite spinning jete of patent document 1.In addition, in the various figures, when there are the parts of the same reference numerals corresponding with the figure illustrated, sometimes omit the description.
Pipe method spinning head shown in Figure 15 is made up of distributor 1, discharge plate 2 and contracted flow plate 3, described distributor 1 is provided with extra large polymer and imports stream 21, island polymer importing stream 22, pipeline 20 and extra large polymer distribution room 23, described discharge plate 2 is provided with composition polymer tap 15, and described contracted flow plate 3 is provided with spinning head tap 6.
In this spinning head, easy dissolved element and extra large polymer are imported stream 21 from extra large polymer and are directed into extra large polymer distribution room 23, are full of the periphery of pipeline 20.On the other hand, difficult dissolved element and island polymer are imported stream 22 from island polymer and are directed into pipeline 20, discharge from pipeline 20.The island polymer of discharging from this pipeline 20 is inserted into the extra large polymer be full of in extra large polymer distribution room 23, forms the composite polymeric logistics that extra large polymer is coated to island polymer.Then, this composition polymer flows through by composition polymer tap 15, and composite polymeric logistics is collaborated each other, discharges from spinning head tap 6, thus, becomes the composite fibre with cross section, island.
In pipe method spinning head as above, bring up to manufacturing limit by the radical of the pipeline 20 by unit are, in the cross section of island-in-sea type composite fiber, the quantity of island component becomes many, the radical of the superfine fibre after extra large polymer stripping can be increased, maybe the fibre diameter of superfine fibre can be reduced.But when improving the radical of pipeline 20, because spacing between pipes is from narrowing, thus extra large polymer cannot invade the central part of pipeline 20, the distributivity of extra large polymer worsens.Therefore, there is island polymer not by the part that extra large polymer is coated to, especially when carrying out spinning with high island polymer ratio, there is the situation that polymer interflow each other, island occurs.In order to eliminate this situation, needing the configuration optimizing pipeline 20, improving the distributivity of extra large polymer, the typical example of this solve scheme is open in patent document 2 and patent document 3.
Figure 17 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate adopted in patent document 2 and patent document 3.
In the discharge plate of Figure 17, there is composition polymer tap 15, stream 11 (not having tap in this part) is entered by the extra large polymer arranging non-configuring pipes 20, even if the quantity of tap increases, also the distributivity of extra large polymer can be made good, thus equably to the extra large polymer of composition polymer tap group entirety supply.Therefore, even if the central part of polymerizable compound within thing tap group, extra large polymer is also present between the polymer of island, can suppress the interflow of island polymer.Therefore, in the spinning head technology of patent document 2 or patent document 3, even if be pipe method spinning head, the many island-in-sea type composite fiber of island number can also be obtained.
On the other hand, when considering the increase of island number, method of salary distribution spinning head is effective technology.As its typical example, patent document 4 can be enumerated.Figure 16 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate of shape disclosed in patent document 4.
In Figure 16, when to be located at discharge Ban Mou island tap 13 for benchmark, there is the formation that each tap is configured as follows: in the region that 2 common outer tangent lines 30 of the island tap 13 of the island tap 13a adjacent with this island tap 13 with most short central spacing and benchmark surround, at least there is a part for extra large tap 12.Therefore, in the discharge plate of Figure 16, extra large being forced property of polymer is configured between the polymer of island, can prevent the interflow of the island polymer of discharging from island tap 13 and island tap 13a.Therefore, even if when adjacent island tap 13 is close to manufacturing limit level, due to the interflow of island polymer can be prevented, so the quantity of the tap of the discharge island polymer of the unit cross-sectional area of discharging entrance hole can be increased further.
As above, in spinning head technology in the past, by carrying out various improvement, the island-in-sea type composite fiber that island number is many can be manufactured, in recent years, by being multiply according to this Dao Shuojiang island polymer segments, as above-mentioned, can the company's of acquisition fibre diameter be nano level nanofiber.But in the technology that patent document 1 ~ 4 is enumerated, when merely enlarged hole packed density etc., the distance each other of the island component in the cross section of island-in-sea type composite fiber diminishes.Therefore, for the manufacture of in the operation with solvent stripping sea polymer of superfine fibre, the extra large polymer by dissolution with solvents cannot between the polymer of island or discharge expeditiously between superfine fibre, and the dissolution efficiency of extra large polymer reduces sometimes.Therefore, the time of complete stripping sea polymer increases, and especially when obtaining nanofiber etc., there is the deterioration of nanofiber, nanofiber aggregates with one another etc., can not get the problems such as the function that nanofiber expects.
Prior art document
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2001-192924 publication
Patent document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2009-91680 publication
Patent document 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2012-518100 publication (U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/205926 description)
Patent document 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2011-208313 publication
Summary of the invention
Invent problem to be solved
As mentioned above, the manufacture method of the island-in-sea type composite fiber of the composite spinning jete of the hole packed density that improve island tap is expected to use.But, as above-mentioned, because the stripping that extra large polymer occurs when the stripping of extra large polymer is bad, so there is the problem making it reduce, become the obstacle of the manufacture of superfine fibre.Therefore, solve this problem industrially to have great importance.Therefore, problem of the present invention is, provides the island-in-sea type composite fiber that the dissolution efficiency of extra large polymer during a kind of stripping at extra large polymer is good, in addition, provides a kind of composite spinning jete being suitable for manufacturing described island-in-sea type composite fiber.
For solving the means of problem
In order to solve the problem, the manufacture method of island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention, island-in-sea type composite fiber and composite spinning jete have following formation.
(1) composite fibre, has sea component and island component, when observing the cross section of composite fibre, has with lower area in the cross section of described composite fibre:
Be configured with in sea component the region, island of multiple island component,
Only formed by sea component and the sea component region of more than 1 or 2 clipped by region, island,
The subregional width of described marine origin (H), is greater than the maximum being present in island component distance each other (W) in region, described island and adjacent.
(2) according to aforesaid composite fibre, internal direction is led to from the top layer of described composite fibre in described sea component region.
(3) according to aforesaid composite fibre, the island component in region, described island is configured regularly.
(4) composite fibre according to aforementioned any one, when observing the cross section of described island-in-sea type composite fiber, the subregional length of marine origin (L) is more than 0.25 with the ratio (L/D) of the diameter (D) of composite fibre.
(5) composite fibre according to aforementioned any one, when observing the cross section of described island-in-sea type composite fiber, the subregional width of marine origin (H) is greater than the maximum gauge (d) of island component.
(6) according to aforesaid composite fibre, when observing cross section, there is at least one following sea component region: the subregional width of marine origin (H) is greater than the maximum gauge (d) of island component, and the subregional length of described marine origin (L1) is more than or equal to the subregional width of marine origin (H), more than 1/4 of the diameter (D) that the subregional length of described marine origin (L1) is composite fibre.
(7) composite fibre according to aforementioned any one, when observing cross section, the diameter (D) of the subregional width of marine origin (H) and composite fibre meets following formula:
0.001＜H/D＜0.2。
(8) composite fibre according to aforementioned any one, when observing cross section, the sectional area (Ac) of composite fibre and the subregional area of marine origin add up to (As) to meet following formula:
0.05≤As/Ac≤0.35。
(9) composite fibre according to aforementioned any one, when observing cross section, sea component region is cross.
(10) manufacture method for superfine fibre, has the operation of extra large polymer stripping from the composite fibre described in aforementioned any one.
(11) fibre, comprises the fiber described in above-mentioned any one.
(12) fibre, comprises the superfine fibre obtained by previous building methods.
(13) composite spinning jete, discharge for the composition polymer will be made up of island polymer and extra large polymer, described spinning head meets important document <1> and <2>:
<1> composite spinning jete is built by distributor, discharge plate and contracted flow plate,
Described distributor is for distributing each polymer;
Described discharge plate is positioned at the downstream in the polymer spun outbound path direction of described distributor, and has multiple extra large tap and be selected from the tap of more than at least a kind in multiple islands tap and multiple composition polymer tap;
Described contracted flow plate is positioned at the downstream in the polymer spun outbound path direction of described discharge plate, and have discharge entrance hole, the tap that described discharge entrance hole combines with any combination tap be selected from following combination is communicated with: the combination of described extra large tap and this island tap, described extra large tap and the combination of described composition polymer tap and the combination of described extra large tap, described island tap and described composition polymer tap;
Discharge plate described in <2> and there is the tap aggregate built by multiple tap, described tap aggregate is built by following tap group: the sea component region formed by described extra large tap is formed with tap group and at least more than one the island tap group that formed by any one of (i) ~ (v)
(i) described extra large tap and described island tap,
(ii) described composition polymer tap,
(iii) described extra large tap and described composition polymer tap,
(iv) described island tap and described composition polymer tap,
(v) described extra large tap, described island tap and described composition polymer tap.
(14) according to aforesaid composite spinning jete, important document <3> is also met,
Sea component region described in <3> is formed and uses tap group, from the periphery of described tap aggregate inwardly, is configured continuously in the mode of the part clipping described island tap group in both sides.
(15) composite spinning jete according to aforementioned any one, described distributor has multiple composition polymer tap, and be that described dispensing orifice or described distributing trough are communicated with the tap of more than a kind in described composition polymer tap with the described extra large tap or described island tap being selected from described discharge plate by stacked for the distribution plate that is formed with dispensing orifice and distributing trough or at least one in them more than 1 and build.
(16) composite spinning jete according to aforementioned any one, described distributor has multiple composition polymer tap, and described composite spinning jete has multiple pipeline, extra large polymer imports stream and extra large polymer distribution room,
Described multiple pipeline is disposed in the described composition polymer tap position one to one with described discharge plate 2, and for described island polymer is supplied to polymer tap 15,
Described extra large polymer imports stream for supplying extra large polymer,
Described extra large polymer distribution room and extra large polymer import fluid communication, and are configured to around described multiple pipeline,
The described composition polymer tap of described discharge plate is communicated with described extra large polymer distribution room with described pipeline.
(17) composite spinning jete according to aforementioned any one, the extra large tap forming a part for described tap aggregate is configured in each summit of n limit shape grid, the island tap forming a part for described tap aggregate is configured in the position of centre of gravity of n limit shape grid, for the described extra large tap forming described sea component region formation tap group, the imaginary circle contour being radius with the distance between centers with hithermost described extra large tap or described island tap configures the described island tap of less than m, n and m meets the arbitrary important document in (x) ~ (xii):
(x)n＝6、m＝2
(xi)n＝4、m＝3
(xii)n＝3、m＝5。
(18) composite spinning jete according to aforementioned any one, when the circumscribed radius of described tap aggregate is set to R, from described circumscribed outer thoughtful radius be apart from center below 0.5R circle inner side till, described sea component region formation tap group is configured by the form that described island tap group clips continuously with both sides.
(19) composite spinning jete according to aforementioned any one, for the manufacture of the composite fibre described in aforementioned any one.
(20) a kind of manufacture method of composite fibre, comprise following operation: island polymer and extra large polymer are put in the described composite spinning jete of the spinning machine of the composite spinning jete employed described in aforementioned any one, make island polymer and extra large polymer discharge from composite spinning jete and carry out the operation of spinning.
(21) according to the manufacture method of aforesaid composite fibre, manufactured composite fibre is the composite fibre described in aforementioned any one.
In addition, the meaning of the term used in the present invention is as follows.
" dispensing orifice " refers to being combined to form hole and distributing the effect of polymer in the realization on path direction that spins of polymer by multiple distribution plate.
In the present invention, " distributing trough " refer to by multiple distribution plate be combined to form groove and with polymer spin the effect vertical direction of path direction realizing distributing polymer.Here, distributing trough can be slot, also can scrape out elongated groove.
In the present invention, " polymer spun outbound path direction " refers to that each polymer flows to the principal direction of spinning head tap from distributor.
" composition polymer tap " refer to island polymer and extra large polymer are closed with core sheath, side by side, stratiform, island shape or the circle-shaped composition polymer the collaborated tap of discharging.
" hole packed density " refers to the value of being tried to achieve divided by the sectional area sum of discharge entrance hole by the number of island tap and several sums of composition polymer tap.In addition, in the present invention, also there is the situation of Jin You island tap, in addition, there is the situation only having composition polymer tap." diameter " when observing fibre section refers to the diameter of a circle of the same area with the area of this figure when the figure for defining diameter is not circle.But, the extra large polymer of removal is only remained to the fiber of island polymer, refers to the circumscribed diameter of fibre section.
Observe fibre section time figure " " center " refers to position of centre of gravity.
" de-sea " in the present invention refers to the extra large polymer stripping of solvent by composite fibre.
Invention effect
According to composite fibre of the present invention, even if the quantity of the island component of the unit cross-sectional area of composite fibre is many, also can easily with solvent efficiently by extra large polymer stripping, superfine superfine fibre can be obtained.And, according to composite spinning jete of the present invention, can easily manufacture above-mentioned composite fibre.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the outline longitudinal section of the composite spinning jete used in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the outline longitudinal section of composite spinning jete, filament spinning component and the cooling device periphery used in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the plane of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the partial enlargement longitudinal section of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the outline longitudinal section of the composite spinning jete used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the sectional view of the composite fibre of an example of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the sectional view of the composite fibre of an example of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the partial enlargement longitudinal section of the composite spinning jete of conventional example.
Figure 16 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate of conventional example.
Figure 17 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate of conventional example.
Figure 18 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 19 is the partial enlarged drawing in the cross section of composite fibre of the present invention.
Figure 20 is the sectional view of the composite fibre of an example of the present invention.
Figure 21 is the sectional view of the composite fibre of an example of the present invention.
Figure 22 is the sectional view of the composite fibre of an example of the present invention.
Figure 23 is the sectional view of the composite fibre of an example of the present invention.
Figure 24 is the sectional view of the composite fibre of an example of the present invention.
Figure 25 is the sectional view of the composite fibre of an example of the present invention.
Figure 26 is the sectional view of the composite fibre of an example of the present invention.
Figure 27 is the sectional view of an example of existing composite fibre.
Figure 28 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 29 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 30 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 31 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 32 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 33 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 34 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 35 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Figure 36 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, to the present invention together with being preferred embodiment described.
Composite fibre of the present invention, as illustrated in Figure 13, is characterized in that, there is the region, island 42 being configured with island component 43 in sea component 41 and the sea component region 44 only formed by sea component 41.
As shown in figure 13, in the present invention, said sea component region 44 refers to, is only formed by extra large polymer, and the subregional width of above-mentioned marine origin (H) is greater than the region of the maximum being present in island component in region, island and adjacent distance to each other.In composite fibre of the present invention, this sea component region exists with the state clipped by the region, island of composite fibre, there is 1 or 2 the above sea component region when observing cross section.
As above-mentioned, an object of composite fibre of the present invention manufactures superfine fibre, formed this structure be in order to, even if increase island packed density, the efficiency of the stripping process of extra large polymer also can not be made to reduce.Be arranged with in sea component in the past in the compound cross-section of multiple island component, use the process of solvent naturally to carry out gradually from the skin of composite fibre.Before till the stripping process of extra large polymer arrives the inside of composite fibre, island component is also subject to the impact of solvent.Therefore, the superfine fibre of gained exists quality significantly to be reduced, and maybe can not complete the problem in de-sea etc.
Therefore, as composite fibre of the present invention, be conceived to arrange the sea component region be only made up of extra large polymer when observing cross section.That is, in composite fibre of the present invention, when the extra large polymer stripping by composite fibre, compared with the extra large polymer be present in region, island, solvent is quickly by subregional for marine origin extra large polymer stripping.Therefore, solvent arrives the center of composite fibre in early days, so can shorten the dissolution time of extra large polymer.
Island component distance to each other (island component spacing: W) adjacent in region, island mentioned here and the subregional width of marine origin (H) can be tried to achieve as follows.
That is, with embedding medium embedding composite fibres such as epoxy resin, after cutting its cross section with slicer, by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), its cutting face is taken with the multiplying power can observing cross section entirety.Now, if implement dyeing with metallic compound, then the poor contrast sharpening of island component and sea component can be made.Can, from the cross-sectional image of random more than 10 selected composite fibres, image processing software be used to measure the subregional width of marine origin.Island component spacing mentioned here and the subregional width of marine origin refer to using from image relative to the cross section of fiber axis vertical direction as section, the island component showed in the image of this section distance to each other and the subregional width of marine origin.This island component spacing refers to for 2 island components adjacent in region, island, the minimum of a value of the distance between a certain island component and another island component.The width of sea component calculates as follows.The boundary line of imagination sea component region and island composition range.Imagination forms the point of boundary line, by the beeline of each point to the boundary line in rightabout island composition and region, island.
This island component spacing and the subregional width of marine origin are all measured to decimal point the 2nd with a μm unit, are rounded up by decimal point the 2nd.Above operation is carried out respectively more than random 10 places of extracting out.For island component distance, adopt the mean value of the value measured.
When observing cross section as above, deposit in case in sea component region with large width, in the initial stage of the stripping process of extra large polymer, form crackle from the side of composite fibre towards central part, solvent easily invades the inside of composite fibre.In addition, the crackle of this formation is significantly transmitted to the inside of composite fibre, divisible composite fibre.If by this way composite fibre is divided into multiply, then the specific area being exposed to the composite fibre in solvent when the stripping process of extra large polymer increases, and the dissolution rate of extra large polymer rises, and is applicable.Specific area mentioned here refers to the surface area of unit fiber quality.
As the standard of this phenomenon of display, the diameter (D) of the subregional width of marine origin (H) and composite fibre is preferably the relation meeting 0.001 < H/D < 0.2.If such model group, then when carrying out the stripping process of extra large polymer in the flow liquid of liquid-flow dyeing machine etc., because composite fibre during process is subject to the physical stimulation of liquid stream, thus the crackle temporarily formed expands along with the carrying out of the stripping process of extra large polymer.In addition, due to the effect of above-mentioned liquid stream, if apply power towards compression direction to composite fibre, then physically split.Invade the easness of composite fibre inside, the easness of crackle formation from solvent, H/D is more large more suitable, and therefore, H/D is preferably more than 0.01, is more preferably more than 0.03.On the other hand, be easy from the viewpoint of the qualitative control of homogenieity (such as diameter, shape), cross-section etc. of composite fibre and the section morphology that there is multiple island components, be preferably less than 0.2.
In the viewpoint of the entirety formation of such crackle being extended to composite fibre, the subregional sectional area of preferred marine origin (As) has certain above ratio relative to the sectional area (Ac) of composite fibre, is preferably the relation of 0.05≤As/Ac.In addition, preferably in the scope of As/Ac≤0.35.In the parameter that As/Ac is such, also be that larger then de-extra large efficiency is higher, if but such scope, amount then for the formation of the subregional extra large polymer of marine origin is few, owing to also can be used for to the sufficient extra large polymer in formation cross section, island in region, island, so island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention can be manufactured with high island polymer ratio.In addition, except the homogenieity of above-mentioned island component, the easness of qualitative control, do not need the difficulty optionally improving nozzle design etc. yet.
Be present in the region, island in composite fibre of the present invention, refer to the region that there is multiple island component in sea component as above-mentioned, but in this region, island, preferably island component is configured regularly.
The configuration of rule mentioned here is as illustrated in Figure 19, refer in close 4 island components, connect the straight line at the center of adjacent 2 island components each other (45-(a) in Figure 19 (connecting the straight line at the center of 2 island components) and 45-(b) (connecting the straight line at the center of other 2 island components)) be in parallel relation.Parallel relation mentioned here refers to that above-mentioned two straight line angulations are more than 0 ° less than 5 °.In the evaluation of the parallel relation of island component, identical with the situation of the subregional width of marine origin, in the cross section of captured composite fibre, for the position of random extraction, if the above-mentioned goniometry formed by 2 articles of straight lines more than 20 places is to decimal point the 1st, if the value of trying to achieve rounding up below the decimal point of this mean value in above-mentioned scope, is then in parallel relation.
In the region, island of composite fibre of the present invention, if island component is arranged regularly, then produce the effect that the tension force that puts on composite fibre in throwing and aft-loaded airfoil is undertaken equably by composite fibre cross section entirety, throwing, aft-loaded airfoil significantly improve.Usually, when island-in-sea type composite fiber, be difficult to carry out spinning with high spinning speed, but when island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention, because island component is configured regularly, even if so with high spinning speed, also can carry out spinning.In addition, now concentrate on the situation of a part for fibre section owing to there is not stress, so excellent quality.
In order to improve the raising effect of the dissolution efficiency of extra large polymer, the subregional length of the marine origin in composite fibre of the present invention (L) and the ratio (L/D) of the diameter (D) of composite fibre are preferably more than 0.25 (such as with reference to Figure 13).If in such scope, then in the initial stage of the stripping process of extra large polymer, owing to cracking in sea component region, solvent invades wherein, thus the specific area being exposed to the extra large polymer in solvent increases, and therefore, can carry out the stripping of efficient extra large polymer.This is because extra large polymer is dissolved by the process of solvent.By this effect, extra large polymer result is brittle, but because formed by the extra large polymer easily dissolved, so brittle in the initial stage of stripping process, when carrying out stripping process with liquid-flow dyeing machine etc., owing to being subject to the physical stimulation of liquid stream, thus crackle can be formed simply.
The crackle caused because of the subregional embrittlement of marine origin for sample is formed, as long as the diameter of compound cross-section and the ratio of the subregional width of marine origin are more than 0.25 just can to represent, but more preferably L/D is more than 0.50.That is, if in such scope, then crackle is formed in the initial stage of stripping process with more than 1/2 of composite fibre diameter, this crackle is due to the carrying out of stripping process, be subject to the stimulation of physics further, thus crosscut ground transmits the cross section of composite fibre, finally composite fibre is divided into half.Under these circumstances, the specific area handled by solvent and the Segmentation Number of composite fibre square in ratio, ground increases.Therefore, the dissolution efficiency of extra large polymer improves further.If from such viewpoint, the longer the better for the subregional length of marine origin (L), and enforceable value is maximum can be 1, can be used as particularly preferred scope and enumerates.
In addition, the subregional width of marine origin (H) in composite fibre of the present invention is preferably greater than the maximum gauge (d) of island component.This is because as the raising effect of de-extra large efficiency brought by configuration sea component region of the object of the invention, substantially the subregional width of marine origin (H) is depended on, but when this width is greater than the maximum gauge (d) of island component, because the intrusion of solvent, crackle are formed and can carry out well and the obstruction that can not affect by island component, so be preferred.
In addition, in composite fibre of the present invention, at least one following sea component of preferred existence: the subregional width of described marine origin (H) is greater than the maximum gauge (d) of island component, the subregional length of described marine origin (L1) is more than or equal to the subregional width of described marine origin (H), more than 1/4 of the diameter (D) that the subregional length of described marine origin (L1) is composite fibre.
In addition, the evaluation method of the diameter of this island component is as follows.That is, in the same manner as the situation of width subregional with marine origin, the cross section of shooting island-in-sea type composite fiber, in the multifilament of composite fibre, takes image with the multiplying power of the island component of observable more than 150.Measure the diameter of the random island component of 150 extracted out from captured image.Island component diameter mentioned here refer to using in the image taken by two dimension relative to the cross section of fiber axis vertical direction as section, with more than 3 circumscribed imaginary diameter of a circles in this section.About the value of island component diameter, measure to decimal point the 1st with nm unit, round up below decimal point.The diameter of 150 island components of inquiry agency shooting, using the maximum gauge (d) of this maximum as the said island component of the present invention.
In composite fibre of the present invention, the maximum gauge (d) of this island component is preferably less than the subregional width of marine origin (H), and suppressing in the viewpoint to the obstruction that above-mentioned crackle is formed, the relation of H/d is more preferably more than 2.0.In addition, in composite fibre of the present invention, the diameter of this island component is preferably 100 ~ 5000nm, if in this scope, then there is the raising effect of de-extra large efficiency of the present invention, and the superfine fibre implementing the stripping process of extra large polymer becomes the superfine fibre with the high excellent specific property of quality.If fibre diameter is in the scope of 100 ~ 5000nm, then can not become the obstruction of the stripping process of extra large polymer, except the subregional more remarkable effect of marine origin of the present invention is outside the pale of civilization, the superfine fibre of the fineness with the limit that cannot be arrived by independent spining technology can also be obtained.
The superfine fibre produced by composite fibre of the present invention, if its diameter is less than 5 μm, then has the sense of touch of the softness that common fiber (tens of μm) cannot obtain, superfine degree.Utilize this characteristic, such as, can be used as dermatine or high feel clothes materials'use.And, also can utilize the compactness of fibrous septum, formed high-density fabric, and for needs windproof or hydrophobic motion dress material.In addition, the fiber through superfineization enters in stria, and catches the dirt in specific area increase or fine Inter-fiber voids.Therefore, high adsorptivity and dust catching is shown.Utilize this characteristic, in industry material applications, can be used as cleaning wiping cloth or the precise finiss cloth of precision machinery etc.Particularly to be used for IT grinding or wiping, owing to requiring the wiping properties etc. of height, so the diameter of superfine fibre is more thin better, the scope of 100 ~ 1000nm can be enumerated as preferred scope.In composite fibre of the present invention, this island component also can be made to become lower than 100nm, but from the viewpoint of the operability the stripping process of extra large polymer etc., the diameter of island component is preferably more than 100nm.
In superfine fibre described above and the manufacture of fibre that is made up of it, preferably apply flexibly composite fibre of the present invention, improve due to the fundamental characteristics of the superfine fibre of the mechanical characteristic of difficulty in the past etc. can be made, or improve the uniformity of its superfine fibre bundle, thus the quality of the fibre formed by it can be improved.
When by the composite fibre produced for the purpose of superfine fibre, mostly usually be with the difficult solvent components of island polymer, the situation being easy-soluble component with extra large polymer.Such as, the situation that island polymer is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), extra large polymer is the copolymerization PET of easy stripping property is had.In this case, as the copolymerization PET of extra large polymer compared with the polymer of island, there is the dissolution velocity high to solvent.But poor in the efficiency of the stripping process of extra large polymer, when time before the complete stripping of extra large polymer is long, You Lian island polymer is also by situation that solvent is disposed.Particularly, when reducing the diameter of island component, this affects highly significant.Especially when island component is μm level, because the specific area of island component improves, thus its diameter not equal quality situation about reducing in the island component having the situation of the reduction of the mechanical characteristic of superfine fibre bundle, be configured at outermost island component and be configured at internal layer in composite fibre.
In composite fibre of the present invention, by configuring sea component region as the present invention, thus the impact of the process of solvent just feeds through to the inside of composite fibre from the initial stage of the stripping process of extra large polymer, therefore, the problem that the quality becoming the problem of composite fibre in the past reduces is few.In addition, even if improve island packed density, also can by improving the ratio of island polymer relative to extra large polymer, improve the yield relative to the composite fibre of raw material and manufacture the superfine fibre that island polymer forms.In addition, this island polymer ratio is improved owing to the stress of silk producing procedures (spinning, stretching) can be passed to island component expeditiously, so the fibre structure of island component highly can be generated.Therefore, except the mechanical characteristic of superfine fibre can be improved, can also be in progress by the orientation crystallization of island component, improve self patience to solvent.
As above, the subregional existence of the marine origin as important document of the present invention, even if increase was the island packed density of problem in the past, the dissolution efficiency of extra large polymer also can not reduce.Therefore, undertaken superfineization by archipelago, in addition by improving the ratio of island polymer, stably can manufacturing the superfine fibre of the fundamental characteristics excellences such as mechanical characteristic with high production rate.For the sea component region realizing such effect, if meet scope given to this invention, then also comprise embodiment illustrated in Figure 13, Figure 14 figure and Figure 20 ~ Figure 26, and play its effect.Particularly, when by sea component region from the surface of composite fibre internally direction configuration be effective.In addition, because sea component region exists with the sectional area ratio of certain degree, thus the segmentation that crackle forms the composite fibre caused is carried out efficiently.In addition, if the crackle expanding such forms the viewpoint of the segmentation of the composite fibre caused, then island of the present invention composition range is preferably configured largo in the cross section of composite fibre.Wherein, being preferably sea component region is as shown in fig. 13 that criss-cross configuration.
The fracture strength of island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention is preferably 0.5 ~ 10.0cN/dtex, and percentage elongation is preferably 5 ~ 700%.Intensity mentioned here refers to the loading-extension curve of trying to achieve multifilament under the condition shown in JIS L1013 (1999), by the value that obtains divided by initial titre of loading value during fracture, the value that elongation when so-called percentage elongation refers to fracture obtains divided by initial test portion length.In addition, so-called initial titre refers to that the mean value obtained by the quality of the unit length repeatedly measuring fiber calculates the value of the quality of every 10000m.In order to become the operation of aft-loaded airfoil operation by property, the value that can tolerate the actual use of fiber, the fracture strength of island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention is preferably more than 0.5cN/dtex.The higher limit that can manufacture is about 10.0cN/dtex.In addition, about percentage elongation, if also consider, the operation of aft-loaded airfoil operation is by property, be then preferably more than 5%.The higher limit of the percentage elongation of the object that usually can manufacture is 700%.Fracture strength and percentage elongation according to intended applications, can be regulated by the condition controlling manufacturing process.
When the superfine fibre obtained by island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention being used for the general dress material purposes of inside or outside etc., fracture strength is preferably 1.0 ~ 4.0cN/dtex, and percentage elongation is preferably 20 ~ 40%.In addition, in motion dress material purposes that service behaviour is harsher etc., fracture strength is preferably 3.0 ~ 5.0cN/dtex, and percentage elongation is preferably 10 ~ 40%.This superfine fibre, in non-dress material purposes, is considered as cleaning wiping cloth or abrasive cloth use.In these purposes, fibre is increasing the weight of to pull limit wiping object thing below.Therefore, preferred fracture strength is more than 1.0cN/dtex, and percentage elongation is more than 10%.Due to the mechanical characteristic for this scope, thus such as medium in erasing, do not have superfine fibre rupture and come off.
Island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention can form fiber and batch packaging or the various intermediate such as tow, cut staple, cotton, fibre ball, rope, fine hair, fabric, nonwoven fabric, stripping process carried out to extra large polymer and produces superfine fibre, forming fibre miscellaneous.In addition, island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention also can not process and directly use, and partly removes extra large polymer, or carries out the process etc. of removing island polymer, thus makes fibre.
As fibre, can be used for the medical application such as the household use such as the vehicle such as inner product, seat cushions Interior Parts, cosmetics, cosmetic mask, cleaning wiping cloth, healthy articles for use such as general dress material, motion dress material, clothing materials, carpet, sofa, the curtain such as jacket, skirt, trousers, underwear or abrasive cloth, filter, environment such as harmful substance removing goods, battery separator etc., industry material applications or thread, support, artificial blood vessel, blood filter.
Below, further the manufacture method of composite fibre of the present invention and the composite spinning jete that can manufacture use are described in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the summary sectional view of the composite spinning jete of one of embodiment of the present invention.The summary sectional view of Fig. 2 is composite spinning jete 7 of the present invention, use with its merging filament spinning component 8, cooling device 9 and periphery thereof.Fig. 4 is the plane of the discharge plate as the use of one of embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 5 is the close-up plan view of Fig. 4.In addition, Fig. 3, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 18, Figure 27 ~ Figure 35 is the close-up plan view of the discharge plate used in the various embodiment of the present invention.In addition, they are the skeleton diagrams passing on main points of the present invention, and the record in figure is simplified.In composite spinning jete of the present invention, the quantity of hole and groove and its size ratio etc. are not limited to diagram, and embodiment can be coordinated to change.
The composite spinning jete 7 that embodiments of the present invention use as shown in Figure 2, is installed in filament spinning component 8, is fixed in spinning block 10.Cooling device 9 is arranged with at composite spinning jete 7.Composite spinning jete 7 as shown in Figure 1, stacks gradually the distributor 1 for distributing each polymer, discharge plate 2 and contracted flow plate 3 and forms.In addition, as shown in Figure 5, the island tap 13 for discharging island polymer or the extra large tap 12 for discharging extra large polymer is formed at discharge plate 2, formed by island tap group and sea component region and form tap aggregate 18 with tap group, tap Qun Shi island, described island tap 13 and extra large tap 12 form group's, and described sea component region formation tap group only extra large tap 12 forms group and forms.
Here, the polymer of each composition distributed by distributor (not shown), is discharged from the island tap 13 shown in Fig. 5 or extra large tap 12, and the polymer interflow of each composition, forms composite polymeric logistics.Then, composition polymer flows through discharge entrance hole 4, the contracted flow hole 5 of the contracted flow plate shown in Fig. 1, discharges from spinning head tap 6.After this composite polymeric logistics is discharged from the spinning head tap 6 shown in Fig. 2, by the air-flow cooling curing blown out by cooling device 9.Then, after granting finish, batch as island-in-sea type composite fiber.In addition, in fig. 2, adopt the ring-type cooling device 9 blowing out air-flow in ring-type, but also can use the cooling device from unidirectional blowout air-flow.
Here, bad to stripping when can suppress extra large polymer stripping, the device shortening extra large polymer dissolution time is described.
The discharge plate that the composite spinning jete of embodiment of the present invention uses is as illustrated in Fig. 5, there is following tap group: the sea component region formed by multiple extra large tap 12 is formed with tap group and any one at least more than one the tap group for the formation of region, island formed (hereinafter referred to as " island tap group ") by following (i) ~ (v), these taps are merged and forms a tap aggregate.Sea component region formation tap group is configured continuously with the form clipped by island tap group.Here, exemplify by the configuration of the island tap group be combined to form of following (i) in Fig. 5, the configuration of the island tap group formed by (ii) is exemplified in Fig. 3, exemplify by the configuration of the island tap group be combined to form of (iii) in Fig. 9, exemplify in Figure 11 by the configuration of the island tap group be combined to form of (iv), illustrate in Figure 18 by the configuration of the island tap group be combined to form of (v).
(i) extra large tap 12 and island tap 13
(ii) composition polymer tap 15
(iii) extra large tap 12 and composition polymer tap 15
(iv) island tap 13 and composition polymer tap 15
(v) extra large tap 12 and island tap 13 and composition polymer tap 15
Thus, each polymer of discharging from the island tap group and sea component region formation tap group that discharge plate behind interflow, is discharged from spinning head tap, is become the composite fibre with sea component region and region, island discharge entrance hole.
Here, as one of embodiments of the present invention, when island tap group becomes the configuration of (i), the flowing along polymer is described forming the subregional principle of marine origin.
Island polymer and extra large polymer are together discharged to downstream from the discharge plate 2 shown in Fig. 1.The polymer discharged flows along the path direction that spins of polymer, and widening with the direction spinning path direction vertical of polymer, thus, adjacent polymer collaborates each other, becomes composite polymeric logistics.Now, discharging plate as shown in Figure 5, arrange the island tap group of only extra large tap 12, is effective to manufacturing the composite fibre that there is sea component region 44 as shown in fig. 13 that.But, because discharged polymer is in order to landfill flow path space, move in the mode of widening, so only separate the distance between island tap group as shown in figure 17, be difficult to form sea component region 44 in the cross section of composite fibre.In addition, in the discharge plate of such as Figure 17, widening of polymer becomes large.Therefore, there is skew and wait and the cross section destabilization of fiber in the configuration of island polymer, cannot become the composite fibre being formed with uniform island component.
As shown in Figure 5, be arranged on composite spinning jete by island tap group in the mode separating into 4, it is effective for arranging extra large tap 12 betwixt.In the discharge plate shown in Fig. 5, owing to there being the extra large tap 12a in sea component region in the space separating island tap group, thus widening of above-mentioned region, island can be suppressed, the destabilization of fibre section can be suppressed.
In the case of fig. 5, imaginary circle contour using the distance between centers between hithermost hole in extra large tap 12a and close extra large tap 12 or island tap 13 as radius, centered by extra large tap 12a configures the island tap 13 of less than 2, thus, the sea component region formation tap group of multiple extra large tap 12a has been gathered in formation.As Fig. 5, by configuring this sea component region formation tap group continuously with the form of the part clipping island tap group in both sides, the composite fibre with sea component region 44 as Fig. 3 can be obtained.In addition, in the discharge plate shown in Fig. 5, as the configuration pattern in the hole of island tap group, at each apex configuration sea tap 12 of 6 limit shape grid, forming the hexagonal position of centre of gravity configuration island tap 13 of this grid.Hole shown in Fig. 5 is configured to n=6, m=2, becomes the configuration that extra large tap 12 surrounds the surrounding of island tap 13.Therefore, even if when island polymer ratio increases, also extra large polymer must be there is between the polymer of island, the polymer from adjacent island tap can be suppressed to collaborate.
As other configuration pattern of island tap group, Fig. 7 shows 4 limit shape grid, and Fig. 8 shows 3 dihedral grid.
In the pattern shown in Fig. 7, n=4, m=3.In this case, due to adjacent island tap distance each other can than the configuration of 6 limit shape grid shown in Fig. 5 closer to, so hole packed density can be improved further.In the pattern shown in Fig. 8, n=3, m=5.In this case, compared with the situation of 4 limit shape grid shown in Fig. 7, adjacent island tap 13 closing each other can be realized further.Therefore, can further improve hole packed density.As above, as the configuration pattern of island tap group, hole packed density can be improved by the order of 3 dihedral grid, 4 limit shape grid, 6 limit shape grid, but, owing to also there is the situation throwing condition of island polymer ratio etc. being produced to restriction, so preferably according to the configuration pattern of the section morphology decision bore of target composite fibre.
Below, Fig. 6 is used to be described distributor.Fig. 6 is the partial enlargement longitudinal section of discharging plate.Distributor is by by the slab being called metering plate 16 and the thin plate stacked more than 1 and form respectively being called distribution plate 17.This metering plate 16 and distribution plate 17, by alignment pin, become consistent mode to arrange with the center of composite spinning jete 7 (core).This metering plate 16 and distribution plate 17 also can be fixing with screw or bolt etc.In addition, by thermo-compressed etc., each sheetmetal is engaged (diffusion bond), be also applicable to suppressing polymer to leak between parts.
Be processed with in the metering plate 16 of Fig. 6 for distributing island polymer and extra large polymer respectively and being supplied to flow passage groove or the stream hole of distribution plate 17.Polymer uniform, by giving polymer certain stream crushing, can be supplied to the inflow stream of the distribution plate 17 being positioned at topmost by this stream hole.
A slice distribution plate 17 is formed distributing trough 51 for distributing island polymer and extra large polymer respectively and dispensing orifice 52 or any one.This distributing trough 51 is upper directs polymer in the direction (in Fig. 6 left direction arrow and right direction arrow) vertical with polymer spun outbound path direction, and dispensing orifice 52 has the function in polymer spun outbound path direction (in Fig. 6 lower direction arrow) upper directs polymer.Here, if by alternately stacked with the distribution plate 17 with distributing trough 51 for the distribution plate 17 with dispensing orifice 52, then relative to 1 dispensing orifice 52,1 distributing trough 51 being communicated to the position in the downstream in this polymer spun outbound path direction is formed.Therefore, form the stream forming and be communicated in the racing formula of multiple dispensing orifices 52 of the end of distributing trough 51, the polymer uniform Ground Split of each composition distributed by metering plate 16 can be become the polymer of more pettiness.
Below, as another embodiment of the present invention, use and discharge Fig. 3 of close-up plan view of plate and Figure 10 of the outline longitudinal section of composite spinning jete, the situation of the configuration of (ii) is described.Discharge plate shown in Fig. 3 refers to that island tap group is built by composition polymer tap.Shown in Fig. 3 is be commonly referred to as pipe method spinning head, and island tap group built by composition polymer tap 15.As shown in Figure 10, the pipeline 62 being formed with supply island polymer in distributor 64, the extra large polymer supplying extra large polymer import stream 61 and import with extra large polymer the extra large polymer distribution room 63 that stream 61 is communicated with.Here, the pipeline 62 of distributor 64 is formed to be communicated with correspondingly with the composition polymer tap 66 of island tap group.In addition, extra large polymer distribution room 63 is formed to be communicated with the extra large tap 65 of composition polymer tap 66 and sea component region formation tap group.The island polymer of discharging from the pipeline 62 of island tap group with collaborate from the extra large polymer polymerizable compound within thing tap 66 that extra large polymer distribution room 63 is discharged.Here, the core sheath structure that this composite polymeric logistics becomes Xin Wei island polymer, sheath is extra large polymer.
On the other hand, extra large polymer is supplied from extra large polymer distribution room 63 to the extra large tap 65 of sea component region formation tap group.From island tap the group composition polymer of discharging and the extra large polymer of discharging from sea component region formation tap group, interflow below discharge plate 67.Here, owing to there is the extra large polymer of discharging from sea component region formation tap group between polymerizable compound within logistics, the subregional composite fibre of marine origin of the present invention is formed with in cross section so can manufacture.
Below, as another embodiment of the invention, Fig. 9 is used to be described the situation that island tap group 19 becomes the configuration of (iii).In the discharge plate of Fig. 9, island tap group is made up of composition polymer tap 15 and extra large tap 12.The each polymer supplied from distributor (non-icon) is distributed and is supplied to each hole of discharging plate.In the composition polymer tap 15 of the island tap group shown in Fig. 9, extra large polymer and island polymer interflow, form composite polymeric logistics and discharge.In addition, in extra large tap 12, extra large polymer is only discharged.And discharge each polymer from the composition polymer tap 15 of island tap group and extra large tap 12, each polymer interflow, becomes the composite polymeric logistics with island form.The feature of the mode shown in Fig. 9 is in the tap group of island, except composition polymer tap 15, is also provided with extra large tap 12.Therefore, extra large polymer is configured with in the surrounding of the composite polymeric logistics (core: island polymer, sheath: extra large polymer) of the core sheath form formed by composition polymer tap 15.Therefore, when the composite fibre shown in Figure 13, distance each other between island component 43 can be expanded.Therefore, when the stripping process of extra large polymer, solvent easily invades between island component 43, can shorten the dissolution time of extra large polymer.In such embodiment, if increase the ratio of island polymer, then usually there is the situation that island polymer collaborates each other, but due between the polymer of island across many extra large polymer, so be suitable embodiment from the viewpoint at the interflow suppressing island polymer.
Below, as an embodiment more of the present invention, the situation that island tap group 19 becomes the configuration of (iv) is described.Figure 11 is the close-up plan view of discharging plate.In the discharge plate of Figure 11, island tap group is made up of composition polymer tap 15 and island tap 13.The each polymer supplied from distributor (non-icon) is assigned with, and is supplied to each hole of discharging plate.Here, in the composition polymer tap 15 of island tap group, extra large polymer and island polymer collaborate, and discharge composite polymeric logistics.In addition, in island tap 13, island polymer is only discharged.The feature of the mode shown in Figure 11 is in the tap group of island, except composition polymer tap 15, is also formed with island tap 13.Therefore, there is the composite polymeric logistics of island polymer in the surrounding that can be formed in the polymer flow (core: island polymer, sheath: extra large polymer) of core sheath form.Its result, compared with the configuration of (ii) shown in Fig. 3, can improve hole packed density, therefore, in the cross section of composite fibre, and configurable more island component.
Below, as another embodiment of the present invention, situation island tap group being become to the configuration of (v) is described.Figure 18 is the close-up plan view of discharging plate.In the discharge plate of Figure 18, island tap group is formed by composition polymer tap 15, extra large tap 12 and island tap 13.The each polymer supplied by distributor (non-icon) is assigned with, and is supplied to each hole of discharging plate.In the composition polymer tap 15 of island tap group, extra large polymer and island polymer interflow, discharge composite polymeric logistics.In island tap 13, only discharge island polymer, in extra large tap 12, only discharge extra large polymer.The feature of the discharge plate of Figure 18 is, except being formed except composition polymer tap 15 in the tap group of island, is also formed with island tap 12 and extra large tap 13.Therefore, the composite polymeric logistics that core sheath (core: island polymer, sheath: extra large polymer) polymer and island polymer are surrounded by extra large polymer can be formed.Therefore, the configuration of (iv) shown in number ratio Figure 11 of the island component in composite fibre is many, fewer than the configuration of (iii) shown in Fig. 9.On the other hand, island component distance is to each other wider than the configuration of (iii) shown in Fig. 9, narrower than the configuration of (iv) shown in Figure 11.Therefore, archipelagoization and the raising of the dissolution efficiency of extra large polymer become the intermediate degree of the configuration of (iii) and the configuration of (iv).
Applying flexibly Fig. 9, Figure 11, Tu18Zhong of pipe method spinning head, to show the composite polymeric logistics formed by composition polymer tap 15 be island polymer and extra large polymer is the example of core sheath structure, but is not limited thereto.This composite polymeric logistics also can be side by side, multilayer shape, island shape etc., according to the distribution of each polymer of distributor, interflow state and can diversely being formed.
Sea component region formation tap group of the present invention as shown in figure 12, when the circumscribed radius of tap aggregate 18 is set to R, till the region within the circumscribed outer thoughtful radius 0.5R of tap aggregate 18, even if when an island tap group's part configures continuously with the form of the both sides clipping sea component region formation tap group, also object of the present invention can be realized.In addition, stripping tap group is not limited to cross configuration, and also can be radial configuration, clathrate configuration, the configuration of river word, emphasis be configure sea component region formation tap group with the form of an island tap group's part and two side contacts here.
Below, with the composite spinning jete of the present invention shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Figure 10 and Figure 12 and discharge the shape etc. that plate commonly describes each parts in detail.
Composite spinning jete 7 shown in Fig. 1, is not limited to circle from shape during top view, also can be quadrangle or polygon.In addition, the arrangement of the spinning head tap 6 of the composite spinning jete 7 shown in Fig. 1 or the tap aggregate 18 shown in Fig. 4 can according to the radical of island-in-sea type composite fiber, strand number, cooling device and changing.When the cooling device 9 shown in Fig. 2 is the cooling device of ring-type, spinning head tap or tap aggregate can be made to become row or multiple row and be arranged in ring-type.In addition, when the cooling device 9 shown in Fig. 2 is unidirectional cooling device, spinning head tap or tap aggregate can be arranged alternately.
Can be arbitrary form such as circle, polygon, star for discharging each stream hole of the polymer of each composition.In addition, according to embodiment, each stream hole can be changed as follows: make changes of section etc. along polymer spun outbound path direction.
Discharge entrance hole 4 shown in Fig. 1 spins on path direction at polymer, from below discharge plate 2, (approach zone) between certain runway is set, relax thus island polymer and extra large polymer just collaborate after current difference, realize the effect making composite polymeric logistics stabilisation.The aperture of this discharge entrance hole 4 is greater than the circumscribed diameter being disposed in the tap aggregate of discharging plate 2, and is preferably formed with the mode of the ratio of the sectional area of discharge entrance hole 4 with the circumscribed sectional area reducing tap aggregate as far as possible.As above-mentioned, when being formed with discharge entrance hole 4, widening from each polymer of discharging plate 2 discharge can being suppressed, composite polymeric logistics stabilisation can be made.
Contracted flow hole 5 shown in Fig. 1, by by from discharge entrance hole 4 to spinning head tap 6 stream reduce the scope that angle [alpha] is set in 50 ~ 90 °, can be miniaturized by composite spinning jete 7, and the wild effect of the draw resonance of composite polymeric logistics etc. can be suppressed, the logistics of Absorbable organic halogens ground supply composite polymeric.
Below, the manufacture method of composite fibre is commonly described in detail with the composite spinning jete of embodiments of the present invention.
The manufacture method of composite fibre of the present invention is implemented by known composite spinning machine, uses the composite spinning jete 7 shown in Fig. 1 to be preferred in control special compound cross-section this point of the present invention.
Owing to the object of the invention is to manufacture the island-in-sea type composite fiber for generation of superfine fibre, so as island polymer and extra large polymer, such as can enumerate the polymer that the melting such as polyethylene terephthalate or its copolymer, PEN, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), poly terephthalic acid-1,3-propylene diester, polypropylene, polyolefin, Merlon, polyacrylate, polyamide, PLA, thermoplastic polyurethane is shaping.Particularly with polyester, the polyamide polycondensation based polymer that is representative because fusing point is high, so preferably.If the fusing point of polymer more than 165 DEG C, then heat resistance is good, preferably.In addition, also the various additives such as the colouring agents such as inanimate matter, carbon black, dyestuff, pigment, fire retardant, fluorescent whitening agent, antioxidant or ultra-violet absorber such as titanium oxide, silica, barium monoxide can be contained in the polymer.In addition; when considering the process of Tuo Haihuotuo island, can from polyester and the melting such as copolymer, PLA, polyamide, polystyrene and copolymer thereof, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol shaping and more show than other composition the polymer of soluble property and select.As easy-soluble component, be preferably the copolyester, PLA, polyvinyl alcohol etc. of the soluble property of display in water solvent or hot water etc., from the view point of spinnability and be dissolved in simply in the water solvent of low concentration, particularly preferably use polyester, the PLA of polyethylene glycol, the homopolymerization of sulfoisophthalic acid sodium or combination copolymerization.In addition, in de-sea property and the viewpoint of the fibrillation of superfine fibre that produces, the polyester of the homopolymerization of sulfoisophthalic acid sodium or copolymerization is particularly preferably.
The difficult solvent components more than exemplified and the combination of easy-soluble component, as long as select difficult solvent components according to intended applications, and selection can with the fusing point of difficult solvent components with the easy-soluble component carrying out spinning under the spinning temperature of benchmark.Here, considering above-mentioned melt viscosity ratio, if regulate the molecular weight etc. of each composition, then the fibre diameter of the island component of island-in-sea type composite fiber and the homogenieity of cross sectional shape can be improved.In addition, when producing superfine fibre by island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention, from the view point of stability and the maintenance of mechanics physical property of the cross sectional shape of superfine fibre, relative to the difficult solvent components of the solvent for de-sea and the dissolution velocity of easy-soluble component poor more large more preferred, using the scope of 10 ~ 3000 times as target, combination can be selected from above-mentioned polymer.As the combination being applicable to the polymer being obtained superfine fibre by island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention, from the relation of fusing point, as suitable example, can enumerate and make the combination that extra large polymer is the polyethylene terephthalate of copolymerization 1 ~ 10 % by mole of 5-sulfoisophthalic acid sodium, island polymer is polyethylene terephthalate or PEN, make that extra large polymer is PLA, island polymer is nylon 6, the combination of poly terephthalic acid-1,3-propylene diester or polybutylene terephthalate.
Spinning temperature when carrying out spinning to the island-in-sea type composite fiber used in the present invention is more than the temperature of the polymer that fusing point is high or viscosity is high display mobility in two or more polymer.As the temperature of this display mobility, different according to molecular weight, as long as but with the fusing point of this polymer for target, set fusing point less than+60 DEG C.If below it, then owing to there is no polymer thermal decomposition etc. in spinneret or filament spinning component, can Inhibitory molecules amount reduce, so preferably.The discharge rate of the polymerization in manufacture method of the present invention, as the scope that Absorbable organic halogens is discharged, can enumerate every tap is 0.1g/ minutes/well ~ 20.0g/ minutes/well.Now, the pressure loss considering can guarantee to discharge in the tap of stability is preferably.The pressure loss mentioned here with 0.1MPa ~ 40MPa for target, preferably by with the melt viscosity of polymer, discharge aperture, scope that the relation of tap length determines discharge rate.In manufacture method of the present invention, the quality of each polymer that island polymer (difficult solvent components) can be discharged with the unit interval with the ratio of extra large polymer (easy-soluble component), for benchmark, is selected in the scope that the ratio of extra large polymer/island polymer is 10/90 ~ 95/5.In this sea/island polymer ratio, be suitable from the productive viewpoint of raising island polymer ratio and superfine fibre.But, from the viewpoint of the long-time stability of island compound cross-section, as by manufacture method of the present invention effectively and maintaining the scope manufacturing composite fibre and superfine fibre while stability, the preferred scope of this island polymer ratio is 20/80 ~ 50/50.Like this, from the cooled solidification of island composite polymeric logistics that composite spinning jete is discharged, grant finish, drawn by the roller controlling peripheral speed, become island-in-sea type composite fiber thus.Here, as long as this hauling speed decides according to discharge rate and targeted fiber diameter, but in manufacture method of the present invention, preferred spinning speed is the scope of 100 ~ 7000m/ minute.In manufacture method of the present invention, by changing the shape of spinning head tap 6, not only can form circle, also can form the shape beyond triangle, flat etc. circle or hollow.In addition, the strand number of composite fibre can be the multifilament more than monofilament of 1 strand and 2 strands.Through the viewpoint that the composite fibre of spinning makes mechanical characteristic improve from high orientation, can stretch after temporarily batching, also temporarily can not batch and proceed to stretch.As this stretching condition, such as in the stretching-machine comprising more than one pair of roller, if the fiber be made up of the thermoplastic polymer of the display of usual melt-spinnable, then by all speed ratios of the 1st roller and 2nd roller suitable with crystallized temperature that are set as the following temperature of the above fusing point of glass transition temperature, at fiber axis to easily stretching, and carry out HEAT SETTING and batch, the composite fibre in the island-in-sea type composite fiber cross section had as shown in Figure 7 can be obtained.
In addition, when not showing the polymer of glass transition, as long as carry out the mensuration of the dynamic viscoelastic (tan δ) of composite fibre, select the temperature of more than the peak temperature of the high temperature side of the tan δ of gained as preparation heating-up temperature.Here, from raising stretching ratio, improve the viewpoint of mechanics physical property, implementing this stretching process of multistage is also suitable means.
In order to obtain superfine fibre by the island-in-sea type composite fiber of the present invention obtained like this, dipping composite fibre in the solvent etc. of solubilized easy-soluble component and by easy-soluble component stripping, removal, that is, by de-extra large operation, the superfine fibre be made up of difficult solvent components can be obtained.When easy dissolved element is the copolymerization PET, PLA (PLA) etc. of the copolymerization such as 5-sulfoisophthalic acid sodium, the aqueous alkalis such as sodium hydrate aqueous solution can be used.As with the method for aqueous alkali process composite fibre of the present invention, as long as such as by composite fibre or after forming fiber construct by it, impregnated in aqueous alkali.Now, if aqueous alkali is heated to more than 50 DEG C, then due to the carrying out be hydrolyzed can be accelerated, so preferably.In addition, if utilize fluid dyeing machine etc. to process, then can once process in large quantities, therefore, productivity is preferred from the viewpoint of industry.As mentioned above, be illustrated based on the manufacture method of general melt spinning method to superfine fibre of the present invention, but can certainly meltblown and spun-bond process manufacture be passed through, and, also can be manufactured by the solution spinning such as wet type and dry-and wet-type etc.
Embodiment
Enumerate embodiment to be below specifically described superfine fibre of the present invention.The evaluation of embodiment and comparative example is undertaken by following method.
A. intrinsic viscosity (IV)
Using o-chlorphenol as solvent, measure at 25 DEG C.
B. the melt viscosity of polymer
By vacuum drier, make granular polymer become below moisture rate 200ppm, by Toyo Seiki キ ャ ピ ロ グ ラ Off 1B, periodically change rate of straining, measure melt viscosity.In addition, measure temperature same with spinning temperature, in embodiment or comparative example, record 1216s -1melt viscosity.Subsidiary one carries, and is set to 5 minutes, and measures under nitrogen atmosphere from after sample is dropped into heating furnace to mensuration.
C. fiber number
When island-in-sea type composite fiber, measure the quality of 100m, by being multiplied by 100 times to calculate fiber number.In addition, the superfine fibre obtained for the extra large polymer from composite fibre stripping more than 99%, measures the quality of 10m, is multiplied by 1000 times and calculate fiber number.In addition, the weighing of these samples carries out under temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 55%RH environment.
Repeat 10 same operations, by its simple mean value in dtex unit, using decimal point the 2nd income value rounded up as fiber number.The reduction rate (following formula) of the dissolution rate of extra large polymer and sample is worth as same by the judgement of the stripping of sea polymer, is evaluated by the reduction rate of sample.
Reduction rate (%)=(after 1-stripping process example weight/stripping example weight before treatment) × 100
D. the mechanical characteristic of fiber
To composite fibre and superfine fibre, use オ リ エ ンテック society cupping machine " テ Application シ ロ Application " (registration mark) UCT-100 type, 20cm test portion length, 100%/minute draw speed condition under measure load-deformation curve.Read loading during fracture, this loading is calculated intensity divided by initial titre.Read strain during fracture, calculate value divided by test portion length as percentage elongation.The unit of intensity is cN/dtex, and the unit of percentage elongation is %, evaluates.Arbitrary value all repeats 5 these operations in every level, obtains the simple mean value of the result of gained.Intensity is by the value of decimal point the 2nd gained that rounds up, and percentage elongation is by the value of the gained that rounds up below decimal point.
E. each parameter (maximum diameter d of composite fibre diameter D, composite fibre sectional area Ac, island component, island component spacing W, sea component peak width H, sea component zone length L, the subregional total sectional area As of marine origin of the cross-section of composite fibre.Adjacent island component depth of parallelism θ)
By the island-in-sea type composite fiber that epoxy resin embedding obtains, freezing by Reichert society FC4E type freezing microtome section system, and after cutting with the Reichert-Nissei ul tracut N possessing diamond tool, with the cross section of (strain) キ ー エ Application ス VE-7800 type scanning electronic microscope (SEM) to this cutting face shooting composite fibre.
From random selected image, use image processing software (WINROOF) to evaluate the maximum diameter d of composite fibre diameter D, island component, island component spacing W, sea component peak width H, sea component zone length L and adjacent island component depth of parallelism θ respectively.
In addition, for the maximum diameter d of island component, with the multiplying power of the island component of observable more than 150 shooting image, measure the island component diameter of random 150 island components extracted out from captured image.About the value of island component diameter, measure to decimal point the 1st with nm unit, round up below decimal point.The diameter of the island component of 150 of inquiry agency shooting, using the maximum diameter d of its maximum as island component.
In addition, for composite fibre diameter D, island component spacing W, sea component peak width H and sea component zone length L, observe the composite fibre of in random selected multifilament more than 10, from cross-sectional image, all measure to decimal point the 2nd with μm unit, be rounded to decimal point the 1st.More than 10 places, carry out above operation respectively, obtain simple several mean values.According to composite fibre diameter D, sea component peak width H and the sea component zone length L of this gained, try to achieve composite fibre sectional area Ac and the subregional total sectional area As of marine origin of every 1 composite fibre respectively.
The adjacent island component depth of parallelism is the index of the configuration rule representing island component.As illustrated in Figure 19, in close 4 island components, using connect the straight line at the center of adjacent 2 island components each other (45-(a) in Figure 19 (connecting the straight line 1 at the center of 2 island components) and 45-(b) (connecting the straight line 2 at the center of other 2 island components)) angulation θ as the adjacent island component depth of parallelism.In addition, measure using the composite fibre of more than 10 in multifilament selected at random as object, observe more than 10 places of each composite fibre, obtain simple several mean values.
F. the stripping property of extra large polymer
This project is the effect that the subregional existence of evaluation marine origin brings.Under each spinning condition, the composite fibre obtained is weaved, the knitted fabric of gained be impregnated in NaOH 3 % by weight aqueous solution being full of 80 DEG C de-sea bath (bath raio 1:100 (knitted fabric: solvent)) in 15 minutes, make extra large polymer stripping.Bath raio mentioned here refers to the mass ratio of test portion and solvent, and bath raio 1:100 represents with the solvent of 100 of test portion times of quality enforcement stripping process.
After the polymer of stripping sea, remove moisture, the test portion by stripping process is dry in the air drier of 60 DEG C.Quality before and after the stripping process measuring this test portion under temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 55%RH environment, calculates reduction rate (%) according to following formula.By calculated reduction rate, with the extra large polymer stripping property of following 3 grade evaluation composite fibres.
Reduction rate (%)=(after 1-stripping process example weight/stripping example weight before treatment) × 100
The stripping property of < sea polymer evaluates >
Excellent: reduction rate is the scope of extra large polymer ratio (%) ± 5 (%)
Good: reduction rate is the scope of-5 (%) to-10 (%) of extra large polymer ratio (%)
Bad: reduction rate be the ratio (%)-10 (%) of extra large polymer below.
The evaluation that comes off of the superfine fibre (island component) during the stripping process of G. extra large polymer
The composite fibre obtained under each spinning condition is weaved, prepares the knitted fabric of 10g gained, bathe the extra large polymer stripping of more than 99% in (bath raio 1:100) in the de-sea of NaOH 3 % by weight aqueous solution being full of 80 DEG C.
Bath raio mentioned here refers to the mass ratio of sample and solvent, and bath raio 1:100 represents with the solvent of 100 of sample quality times of quality enforcement stripping process.In addition, for the judgement of the stripping of extra large polymer, the reduction rate (following formula) of the dissolution rate of extra large polymer and sample is worth as same, is evaluated by the reduction rate of sample.
Reduction rate (%)=(after 1-stripping process example weight/stripping example weight before treatment) × 100
In order to confirm that superfine fibre is with or without coming off, and carries out following evaluation.
Gathering the solution of the stripping process of the extra large polymer of the carrying out of 100ml, making this solution by retaining the glass fiber filter paper of particle diameter 0.5 μm.By the dry mass difference measured under temperature 25 DEG C, humidity 55%RH environment before and after the process of filter paper to judge that superfine fibre is with or without coming off.
> is evaluated in coming off of < superfine fibre
Excellent: of poor quality lower than 3mg
Good: to be of poor qualityly more than 3mg and lower than 7mg
Can: be of poor qualityly more than 7mg and lower than 10mg
Can not: of poor quality is more than 10mg.
[embodiment 1]
(be designated as below " copolymerization PET1 " using the polyethylene terephthalate (PET melt viscosity: 120Pas) of intrinsic viscosity (IV) 0.63dl/g as island polymer with as the PET of the 5-sulfoisophthalic acid sodium of the copolymerization 5.0 % by mole of the IV0.58dl/g of extra large polymer, melt viscosity: 140Pas) at 290 DEG C respectively after melting, measure, make it flow into the filament spinning component of the composite spinning jete 7 being assembled with present embodiment shown in Fig. 2, island composite polymeric logistics is discharged in melting.With the polymer quality of the unit interval of dropping into for benchmark, island polymer ratio is 50/50.Grant finish by after the composite polymeric logistics cooling curing of discharge, batch with the spinning speed of 1500m/ minute, obtain the non-drawing of fiber of 150dtex-15 silk (single hole discharge rate 2.25g/ minute).
The non-drawing of fiber batched is carried out 3.0 times of stretchings between the roller being heated to 90 DEG C and 130 DEG C, becomes the composite fibre of 50dtex-15 silk.Here, the method for salary distribution spinning head shown in Fig. 6 used in embodiment 1 is used.In discharge plate 2, with the hole on 6 limits shape grid configuration condition (i) illustrated in Figure 28, hole packed density is set to 1.5 (individual/mm 2).Here, the circumscribed radius of tap aggregate is defined as " radius R ".(" radius R " is in following identical definition).
In the discharge plate that embodiment 1 uses, till the circumference of the circumscribed outer thoughtful radius 0.7R of tap aggregate, with the form clipped by the island tap group at 4 places configuration sea component region formation tap group.
As recorded in table 1, in the cross section of the composite fibre of gained, be formed with the sea component region 44 of 4 places as illustrated in Figure 14 figure.This sectional observation result as in table 1 record, known obtain in the claims in the present invention 1 record composite fibre.The composite fibre of this acquisition has the intensity of 2.5cN/dtex, the percentage elongation of 34% and the mechanical characteristic at high-order processability no problem.The stripping property of sea component is good (good).The efficiency in this Tuo Haijia man-hour improve as a result, the mechanical characteristic of superfine fibre has excellent characteristic (intensity: 2.4cN/dtex, percentage elongation: 45%), come off few (come off evaluation: good) of superfine fibre during de-sea.Table 1 shows the evaluation result of throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
[embodiment 2]
Make illustrative island tap 13 and extra large tap 12 in Figure 29 become 4 limit shape grid, hole packed density is 2.0 (individual/mm 2), in mode similarly to Example 1, use the composite spinning jete being assembled with a discharge plate island tap group's part configured with the form clipping the sea component region formation tap group at 4 places, in addition, all implement according to embodiment 1.In example 2, similarly to Example 1, in compound cross-section, sea component region is formed with, thus, there is good extra large polymer stripping property (extra large polymer stripping property: good), come off few (come off evaluation: good) of superfine fibre during de-sea.Table 1 shows the evaluation result of throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
[embodiment 3]
As illustrated in Figure 30, with 3 dihedral grid configuration island taps 13, and configure extra large tap 12, hole packed density is set to 3.0 (individual/mm 2), similarly to Example 1, the composite spinning jete of the discharge plate of the form configuration sea component region formation tap group of the part of the island tap group be assembled with to clip 4 places in both sides is used, in addition, all in mode similarly to Example 1, obtain composite fibre.
In the cross section of the composite fibre of embodiment 3, there are 4 sea component regions as illustrated in Figure 14 figure.These sea component regions, when observing cross section from the surface of fiber upper, right, and a left side towards center position, but do not enter into center.Its shape is roughly rectangle direction.In addition, the cross section parameter of composite fibre, as recorded in table 1, meets the important document of composite fibre of the present invention.In embodiment 3, although further increase island packed density, but have and embodiment 1 and the equal good extra large polymer stripping property (extra large polymer stripping property: good) of embodiment 2, although reduce the diameter of superfine fibre further, come off still few (come off evaluation: good) of superfine fibre during de-sea.Table 1 shows the evaluation result of throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
[embodiment 4]
The composite spinning jete that embodiment 4 uses, uses the pipe method spinning head utilized as shown in Figure 10, hole packed density is set to 1.2 (individual/mm 2), and be assembled with the composite spinning jete of the discharge plate shown in Figure 31, in addition, all obtain composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 1.
The composite fibre of embodiment 4 is formed with 4 sea component regions, place as shown in Figure 14 figure in its cross section.In addition, the cross section parameter of composite fibre, as described in table 1, meets the important document of composite fibre of the present invention.In example 4, although have good extra large polymer stripping property (extra large polymer stripping property: good), compared with embodiment 1, the island component in region, island be configured to the closeest filling, completely de-sea needs few time.Therefore, although the coming off of superfine fibre during de-sea has the tendency of some increases, be no problem level (come off evaluation: can).In addition, reduce a little when due to this impact, the mechanical characteristic of superfine fibre compares with embodiment 1, but it is also be no problem level (intensity 1.8cN/dtex, percentage elongation 37%) in practical.Table 1 shows the evaluation result of throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
[embodiment 5]
As shown in figure 12, configure sea component region formation tap group in the mode till on the circumference arriving radius 0.5R, and use the porose packed density of assembling to be 1.4 (individual/mm 2) the composite spinning jete of discharge plate, in addition, obtain composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 1.
The composite fibre of embodiment 5 is formed with 4 sea component regions, place as shown in Figure 14 figure in its cross section.The cross section parameter of composite fibre, as described in table 1, meets the important document of composite fibre of the present invention.In embodiment 5, owing to configuring sea component region formation tap group in the mode till on the circumference arriving radius 0.5R, so sea component region is compared with embodiment 1, extend to the inside of composite fibre and exist, although composite fibre diameter D and the ratio (H/D) of the subregional width H of marine origin are 0.03 and equal with embodiment 1, extra large polymer stripping property very excellent (extra large polymer stripping property: excellent).In the sample of embodiment 5,5 minutes are processed under the stripping treatment conditions same with the evaluation of extra large polymer stripping property, observe the superfine fibre bundle of the sample after process, composite fibre is divided into multiply because being formed with the impact of crackle in composite fibre by result, thinks that extra large polymer stripping property improves because of this effect.In addition, due to the processing time required for completely de-sea can be shortened, thus there is (come off evaluation: excellent) in coming off of superfine fibre, has the characteristic (intensity 2.6cN/dtex percentage elongation 57%) that the intensity of superfine fibre is also excellent hardly.The evaluation result of table 1 percentage elongation throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
[embodiment 6]
Except being set to except 80% by island polymer ratio, obtain composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 1.
The composite fibre of embodiment 6, its cross section is formed with 4 sea component regions, place as shown in Figure 14 figure.The cross section parameter of composite fibre, as described in table 1, meets the important document of composite fibre of the present invention.In embodiment 6, by increasing island polymer ratio, the mechanical characteristic of composite fibre significantly improves (intensity 3.3cN/dtex, percentage elongation 31%) compared to embodiment 1.In embodiment 6, even if in the silk producing procedures of spinning or stretching etc. or in the manufacturing procedure of knitted fabric etc., also can not fracture of wire etc. be there is, excellent quality.In addition, although island polymer ratio is increased to 80%, because the subregional effect of marine origin of feature of the present invention, and extra large polymer stripping property has good performance (extra large polymer stripping property: good).Except so extra large polymer stripping property, in silk producing procedures, also the fibre structure of island component is formed to heavens, therefore, come off (come off evaluation: excellent) of superfine fibre is not had during de-sea, superfine fibre also has excellent mechanical characteristic (intensity 3.1cN/dtex, percentage elongation 40%).Table 1 shows the evaluation result of throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
[embodiment 7]
Except being set to except 20% by island polymer ratio, obtain composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 1.
The composite fibre of embodiment 7, its cross section is formed with the sea component region at 4 places as shown in Figure 14 figure.In addition, the cross section parameter of composite fibre, as described in table 1, meets the important document of composite fibre of the present invention.In embodiment 7, by reducing island polymer ratio, composite fibre diameter D is increased to 0.25 with the ratio (H/D) of the subregional width H of marine origin, extra large polymer stripping property very excellent (extra large polymer stripping property: excellent).In the same manner as the situation of embodiment 5, under the stripping treatment conditions same with the evaluation of extra large polymer stripping property, process 5 minutes, observe the superfine fibre bundle of the sample after process, result composite fibre is divided into multiply, and major part produces superfine fibre.On the other hand, in superfine fibre, by setting low island polymer ratio, the fibre structure of island component is formed insufficient, or increase a little than embodiment 1 in the coming off of superfine fibre, but be the level (come off evaluation: can) of practical upper no problem.Table 1 shows the evaluation result of throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
[comparative example 1]
Island tap and extra large tap is made to become 6 limit shape grid similarly to Example 1, and use the composite spinning jete being assembled with the discharge plate not configuring sea component region formation tap group, in addition, composite fibre is obtained in mode similarly to Example 1 completely.
In the composite fibre of comparative example 1, owing to not configuring sea component region formation tap group, so do not form the sea component region of feature of the present invention in its cross section, and obtain so-called island-in-sea type composite fiber as in the past as illustrated in Figure 27.
In comparative example 1, although obtain mechanical characteristic (the intensity 2.3cN/dtex roughly equal with embodiment 1, percentage elongation 32%), but because the stripping of extra large polymer is little by little carried out from the outermost layer of composite fibre, so extra large polymer stripping property significantly reduces (extra large polymer stripping property: bad).In the same manner as the situation of embodiment 5, the sample 5 minutes of comparative example 1 is processed under the stripping treatment conditions same with the evaluation of extra large polymer stripping property, observe the superfine fibre bundle of sample after process, the sea component stripping on result composite fibre only top layer, de-sea is not almost also carried out.Due to this impact, for the sample of comparative example 1, need significantly to extend to the time till completely de-sea, the island component near the outermost layer that result is configured at composite fibre, also by solvent process, sees the coming off of many superfine fibres (come off evaluation: can not).Therefore, the mechanical characteristic of superfine fibre significantly reduces (intensity 1.8cN/dtex, percentage elongation 16%) than embodiment 1, and when observing this superfine fibre bundle, the superfine fibre fluffing of frittering, quality is unexcellent.Table 1 shows the evaluation result of throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
Table 1
[comparative example 2]
Make island tap and extra large tap become 6 limit shape grid similarly to Example 1, and use and be assembled with and do not configure sea component region formation tap group and hole packed density is set to 3.0 (individual/mm 2) the composite spinning jete of discharge plate, and island polymer ratio is set to 80%, in addition, obtains composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 1.
In the composite fibre of comparative example 2, owing to not configuring sea component region formation tap group, thus the sea component region of feature of the present invention is not formed in its cross section, compared with comparative example 1, island number is increased to 2 times, has island component in the cross section entirety of composite fibre by the cross section structure of the closeest filling.
In comparative example 2, in the mechanical characteristic of composite fibre, although have more excellent characteristic (intensity 3.3cN/dtex, percentage elongation 33%), but be the structure of island component compact configuration, due to extra large polymer stripping extremely difficulty carry out, thus extra large polymer stripping property extremely low (extra large polymer stripping property: bad).In the same manner as the situation of embodiment 5, the sample 5 minutes of comparative example 2 is processed under the stripping treatment conditions same with the evaluation of extra large polymer stripping property, observe the fibre bundle of the sample after process, the stripping of result sea polymer is not almost carried out, and composite fibre almost maintains state before treatment.In the case of comparative example 1, owing to seeing the position partly producing superfine fibre, thus compared with comparative example 1, the stripping property of the extra large polymer of comparative example 2 reduces further.
Due to this impact, thus for the sample of comparative example 2, even if extend the dissolution time of extra large polymer, also only obtain the state of extra large polymer residue in the inside of composite fibre, reach 2 in the process by sodium hydrate aqueous solution and littlely to stop constantly.Confirm the coming off of superfine fibre, result is seen and many to be come off (come off evaluation: can not).The mechanical characteristic investigating this 2 hours processing samples is for reference, and result mechanical characteristic is very low, and quality is unexcellent.Table 2 shows the evaluation result of throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
[comparative example 3]
Except the pipe method spinning head as illustrated in Figure 10 that use is assembled with the discharge plate not configuring sea component region formation tap group, all obtain composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 1.
The composite fibre of comparative example 3, in the same manner as comparative example l, does not form the sea component region of feature of the present invention, and compared with embodiment 1, island component is configured by with concentric circles from the center of composite fibre, and adjacent island component depth of parallelism θ is 25 °.
Although the composite fibre of comparative example 3 does not have special problem in spinning process, in stretching process, significantly there is fracture of wire.On the other hand, although the mechanical characteristic of composite fibre has inequality, it is good result (intensity 2.5cN/dtex, percentage elongation 38%), because island component spacing is large, thus extra large polymer stripping property is the level (extra large polymer stripping property: good) of no problem.But, as above-mentioned, except the quality of composite fibre is unexcellent, also because be not the configuration of island component of the said rule of the present invention, so there is the limit in the High Level of the fibre structure of island component, when completely de-sea, see the coming off of a large amount of superfine fibre (come off evaluation: can not).Therefore, compared with embodiment 1, the mechanical characteristic of superfine fibre significantly reduces (intensity 1.5cN/dtex, percentage elongation 13%), poor quality.Table 2 shows the evaluation result of throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
[comparative example 4]
Use the pipe method spinning head being assembled with the discharge plate not configuring sea component region formation tap group identically with comparative example 3, and island polymer ratio is set to 70%, in addition, all obtain composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 1.By the way, in comparative example 4, the island polymer ratio with 80% implements spinning, but due to island component fusible each other, thus compound cross-section crumbles, so island polymer ratio is reduced to 70% to carry out spinning.
The composite fibre of comparative example 4 does not form the sea component region of feature of the present invention in the same manner as comparative example 3, and compared with comparative example 3, owing to improving island polymer ratio, thus island component is closely aligned on the cross section of composite fibre.And adjacent island component depth of parallelism θ is 17 °.
The mechanical characteristic of the composite fibre of comparative example 4, although have inequality in the same manner as comparative example 3, but relatively better (intensity 2.8cN/dtex, percentage elongation 31%), by island component is closely aligned, the stripping of sea polymer can not be carried out expeditiously, even if compared with the embodiment 6 of island polymer ratio high 10%, extra large polymer stripping property also reduces (extra large polymer stripping property: bad).Therefore, in the composite fibre of comparative example 4, compared with embodiment 6, the stripping processing time of extra large polymer needs more than 2 times, sees the coming off of a large amount of superfine fibre (come off evaluation: can not).Therefore, in superfine fibre, see fluffing etc., quality reduces, and in mechanical characteristic, compared with embodiment 6, also significantly reduces (intensity 1.7cN/dtex, percentage elongation 18%).Table 2 shows result.
[comparative example 5]
Do not configure in the pipe method spinning head of sea component region formation tap group identical with comparative example 3, island component pipeline group is arranged in equilateral triangle clathrate, use and be assembled with there is composition polymer tap 15 and being provided with the composite spinning jete of the discharge plate 11 (but not having tap here) entering stream of extra large polymer as illustrated in Figure 17, in addition island polymer ratio is set to 80%.This condition is according to method disclosed in patent document 2.Except being set to above-mentioned condition, obtain composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 1.
In comparative example 5, although implement spinning with the island polymer ratio of 80%, island component each other fusible can be suppressed, form island compound cross-section.
But, in comparative example 5, the present invention's said sea component region formation tap group is not set.Therefore, do not form the sea component region of feature of the present invention, in compound cross-section universe, island component is closely formed.Adjacent island component depth of parallelism θ is 23 °.
But island component is closely aligned by the composite fibre of comparative example 5, the stripping of extra large polymer is not in progress, and compares with embodiment 6, and the stripping property of extra large polymer significantly reduces (extra large polymer stripping property: bad).Therefore, in comparative example 5, in the same manner as comparative example 4, compared with embodiment 6, the stripping processing time of extra large polymer needs more than 2 times, sees coming off of a large amount of superfine fibre in addition.In addition, when observing the sample after extra large polymer stripping, partly observe extra large component of polymer etc. at the central part of composite fibre, the stripping of extra large polymer does not complete.See fluffing etc. the superfine fibre of comparative example 5 is intrafascicular, feel is poor.In mechanical characteristic, compared with embodiment 6, comparative example 5 also significantly reduces (intensity 1.9cN/dtex, percentage elongation 12%).Table 2 shows the evaluation result of throwing condition and composite fibre and superfine fibre.
Table 2
[embodiment 8 ~ 10]
In order to change sea component peak width H, use the composite spinning jete being assembled with discharge plate to implement, the hole count of the sea component region formation tap group of the discharge plate that the embodiment 6 illustrated in Figure 28 uses by this discharge plate changes to 3 times (embodiments 8), 10 times (embodiment 9), 40 times (embodiment 10) in the territory, net shadow zone of Figure 28.In addition, in order to adjust island component spacing, as shown in table 3ly changing island polymer ratio like that, in addition, all obtaining composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 6.
In the composite fibre of embodiment 8 ~ 10, all form the sea component region of 4 places as illustrated in Figure 14 figure, but form by changing sea component region the hole count using tap group, sea component peak width H increases than embodiment 6.
As for the mechanical characteristic of composite fibre, there is the characteristic of equal excellence of the intensity of more than 3.2cN/dtex, the percentage elongation of more than 29%.In addition, from needless to say, in the knitted fabric processing for evaluating extra large polymer stripping property etc., can not there is fracture of wire or fluffing, the excellent quality of cloth and silk in silk producing procedures.
Compared with embodiment 6, along with sea component region increases, see the tendency that extra large polymer stripping property improves, especially in embodiment 9 and embodiment 10, there is very excellent performance, similarly to Example 5, in the sample obtained in 5 minutes processing times, many superfine fibres are produced.
Therefore, in the composite fibre of embodiment 8 ~ 10, the time till can shortening complete for extra large polymer stripping.Therefore, come off few (come off evaluation: excellent) of superfine fibre, the mechanical characteristic of superfine fibre is also excellent.Table 3 shows result.
[embodiment 11,12]
Replace the discharge plate that uses of embodiment 5, use the composite spinning jete being assembled with the discharge plate being provided with 8 place's sea component region formation tap groups, described sea component region formation tap group by skin inwardly but be not present in center.And, island polymer ratio is set to 70%, all obtains composite fibre (embodiment 11) in mode similarly to Example 5 in addition.
In addition, the spinning condition implemented by this embodiment 11, changes to the spinning speed of 3000m/ minute, stretching ratio is set to 1.7 times, implements embodiment 12.
In embodiment 11 and embodiment 12, be formed with 8 sea component regions, place all as illustrated in Figure 20.Compared with the cross section of embodiment 5, although the subregional size of marine origin is equal (L/D:0.25, H/D:0.03), can confirm to be formed with sea component region is increased to 8 places compound cross-section by 4.In embodiment 11 and embodiment 12, equal no problem in silk producing procedures, especially in embodiment 12, although spinning speed to be increased to the 3000m/ minute of 2 times, not obvious fracture of wire etc.
For the sample of embodiment 11 and embodiment 12, also because of the increase of the subregional existence of marine origin good (extra large polymer stripping property: good), the mechanical characteristic of the superfine fibre produced by this composite fibre has excellent characteristic to extra large polymer stripping property.Table 3 shows result.
[embodiment 13,14]
Replace the spinning head used in embodiment 1, use and be assembled with following discharge plate composite spinning jete: the sea component region formation tap group of mode continuously shown in allocation plan 5 crossing tap aggregate in the mode of square crossing respectively.Composite fibre (embodiment 13) is obtained in addition in mode similarly to Example 11.In addition, the spinning condition implemented by this embodiment 13, changes to 3000m/ minute by spinning speed, stretching ratio is set to 1.7 times, implements embodiment 14.
In embodiment 13 and embodiment 14, all form the sea component region shown in Figure 13, described sea component region with cross composite fibre cross section and composite fibre central vertical the form of intersecting form (L/D:1.00).In embodiment 13 and embodiment 14, compared with embodiment 11, although sea component peak width is equal (H/D:0.03), but As/Ac is 0.153, in composite fibre cross section, the subregional area ratio of marine origin increases, and compared with embodiment 11, this extra large polymer stripping property improves (extra large polymer stripping property: excellent) further.
For the composite fibre of this embodiment 13 and embodiment 14, similarly to Example 5 with in the sodium hydrate aqueous solution process sample of 5 minutes, can be observed the appearance that composite fibre is divided into multiply.In these composite fibres, in be configured at its cross section sea component region with crossing, define crackle.Therefore, composite fibre is divided into multiply in the de-extra large initial stage of the stripping process of extra large polymer.By this effect, in the composite fibre of embodiment 13 and embodiment 14, although island polymer ratio higher be 70%, also can shorten the processing time till completely de-sea.Therefore, come off (come off evaluation: excellent) of superfine fibre cannot almost be observed.Table 3 shows result.
[embodiment 15]
Replace the discharge plate used in embodiment 13, prepare discharge plate shown in Figure 32, that add the sea component region formation tap group that arranges continuously in the mode of crossing tap aggregate 18 and equivalent arrangements.Except using the composite spinning jete of the discharge plate be assembled with illustrated in Figure 32, all carry out composite fiber spinning in mode similarly to Example 13.In embodiment 15, as shown in figure 21, the every 45 ° of configurations of form 4 (H/D:0.03L/D:1.00) in the cross section of composite fibre is crossed with sea component region.
For embodiment 15, owing to becoming the form in the cross section of sea component region perforating fiber, region, further segmentation island, so easily composite fibre is divided into multiply in the stage at de-sea initial stage, the surface area be exposed in sodium hydrate aqueous solution due to outward appearance increases, thus compared with embodiment 13, extra large polymer stripping property excellence (extra large polymer stripping property: excellent).Its result, compared with comparative example, can shorten the completely de-time required for sea, also almost can not see come off (come off evaluation: excellent) of superfine fibre.Table 3 shows result.
Table 3
[embodiment 17,18]
As shown in figure 33, island tap 13 and extra large tap 12 are set to 4 limit shape grid, prepare sea component region formation tap group to be arranged on discharge plate (the hole packed density 1.5/mm from the center of tap aggregate 18 towards skin to the scope of 0.5R 2).Use the composite spinning jete being assembled with this discharge plate, PET (the copolymerization PET2 of the 5-sulfoisophthalic acid sodium of the copolymerization of IV0.50dl/g 8.0 % by mole is used as extra large polymer, melt viscosity: 120Pas), in addition, all composite fibre (embodiment 17) is obtained in mode similarly to Example 6.
In addition, adopt the hole packed density of the spinning head used in this embodiment 17 is set to 0.3/mm 2discharge plate 2, in addition, all implement embodiment 18 in mode similarly to Example 11.In embodiment 17 and embodiment 18, all as shown in figure 22, the form that sea component region broadens from the center of composite fibre is from all directions formed as.In addition, although L/D is 0.50, by changing hole packed density, described in table 4, become the composite fibre of H/D and As/Ac change.The composite fibre of embodiment 17 and embodiment 18 is in the stripping process of 5 similarly to Example 5 minute, all in the cross section of composite fibre, form crackle, although sea component region does not arrive the outermost layer of composite fibre, but the initial stage of the stripping process from extra large polymer, sodium hydrate aqueous solution can invade the inside of composite fibre.Therefore, in extra large polymer stripping property, embodiment 18 is owing to can broadly form sea component region, so have excellent extra large polymer stripping property (extra large polymer stripping property: excellent), in embodiment 17, also due to the effect that above-mentioned crackle is formed, thus there is good extra large polymer stripping property (extra large polymer stripping property: good).Table 4 shows result.
[embodiment 19]
Use forms stripping sea in the mode shown in Figure 34 and discharges group and hole packed density is set to 0.3/mm 2discharge plate, to make sea component region by with the trapezoidal center being formed in composite fibre.This stripping sea is discharged group and is placed continuously in the scope from the center of tap aggregate 18 to R0.4, and sea component region configures with symmetrical form in composite fibre.Except using the composite spinning jete of the discharge plate be assembled with illustrated in Figure 34, all obtain composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 17.
The composite fibre of embodiment 19, in its cross section, the configuration of the sea component region formation tap group depended on, as shown in figure 23, is formed in the sea component region that the upper continuous print of circumferencial direction (120 °) is trapezoidal.In embodiment 19, similarly to Example 18, sea component region does not arrive the outermost layer of composite fibre, but by observing the sample of short time stripping process (5 minutes) similarly to Example 5, known in de-extra large initial stage, in the cross section of composite fibre, form crackle.Therefore, the extra large polymer stripping property of sample is good (extra large polymer stripping property: good), can shorten the de-sea time, therefore also can suppress come off (come off evaluation: good) of superfine fibre when taking off sea completely.Table 4 shows result.
[embodiment 20,21]
According to the result of embodiment 19, in order to expand the sea component region at the center being formed in composite fibre, use the composite spinning jete being assembled with and the scope arranging stripping sea discharge group of the discharge plate illustrated in Figure 34 being set to continuously the discharge plate of the scope from the center of tap aggregate 18 to R0.5, in addition, all composite fibre is obtained in mode similarly to Example 19.In addition, the spinning condition implemented by this embodiment 20, changes to 3000m/ minute by spinning speed, stretching ratio is set to 1.5 times, thus implements embodiment 21.
In the composite fibre of embodiment 20 and embodiment 21, be subject to expanding the impact that the scope that arranges of group is discharged in stripping sea, as illustrated in Figure 24, in the inside of composite fibre, compared with embodiment 19, expand formation sea component region, ground.In embodiment 20, because the sea component region being formed in the inside of composite fibre expands, so compared with embodiment 19, the intrusion forming crackle and sodium hydrate aqueous solution at the de-sea initial stage becomes easy, thus, sea polymer stripping property excellence (extra large polymer stripping property: excellent), due to the processing time required for completely de-sea can be shortened, thus come off (come off evaluation: excellent) to superfine fibre unconfirmed.
Therefore, the mechanical characteristic of the superfine fibre behind de-sea is excellent, does not also have fibrillation etc., good quality this superfine fibre is intrafascicular.Can confirm in embodiment 21, although make spinning speed increase, but in spinning process and stretching process, there is no fracture of wire, except having good throwing, and similarly to Example 19 in the initial stage of the stripping process of extra large polymer, in composite fibre, form crackle, extra large polymer stripping property has good characteristic (extra large polymer stripping property: good).
[embodiment 22]
As illustrated in Figure 35, in the cross section of composite fibre, use to be assembled with and configure in mode sea component region being formed as square crossing at equal intervals the composite spinning jete that the discharge plate of group is discharged in stripping sea, in addition, all obtain composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 11.
In the cross section of the composite fibre of embodiment 22, as illustrated in Figure 26, sea component region is equally spaced formed with the form clipped by region, island.
In embodiment 22, known in the sample of short time process similarly to Example 5, in compound cross-section, form multiple crackle, region, island is divided into multiple and exists.Because above-mentioned composite fibre to be divided into the effect of multiply in the initial stage of the stripping process of extra large polymer, thus the specific area being exposed to the extra large polymer in sodium hydrate aqueous solution increases, extra large polymer stripping property very excellent (extra large polymer stripping property: excellent).By such effect, significantly can shorten the processing time of the complete stripping of extra large polymer, come off (come off evaluation: excellent) of superfine fibre when almost taking off extra large, does not have the fluffing etc. of superfine fibre, has excellent mechanical characteristic.Table 4 shows result.
[embodiment 23]
Except using to be assembled with, discharge group in stripping sea is set to illustrative mode in Figure 36, hole packed density is set to 0.3/mm 2the composite spinning jete of discharge plate, to make sea component region by the center be formed in triangle at composite fibre, in addition, all obtain composite fibre in mode similarly to Example 19.
The composite fibre of embodiment 23, in its cross section, depends on the configuration of sea component region formation tap group, forms leg-of-mutton sea component region as shown in figure 25.In embodiment 23, similarly to Example 19, sea component region does not arrive the outermost layer of composite fibre, but by observing the sample of short time stripping process (between 5 points) similarly to Example 5, known in de-extra large initial stage, form crackle in the cross section of composite fibre.Therefore, the extra large polymer stripping property good (extra large polymer stripping property: excellent) of sample, can shorten the de-sea time, thus can suppress come off (come off evaluation: excellent) of superfine fibre when taking off sea completely.Table 4 shows result.
Table 4
Description of reference numerals
1 distributor
2 discharge plate
3 contracted flow plates
4 discharge entrance hole
5 contracted flow holes
6 spinning head taps
7 composite spinning jetes
8 filament spinning components
9 cooling devices
10 spinning blocks
11 discharge plate
12 extra large taps
13 island taps
15 composition polymer taps
16 metering plates
17 distribution plates
18 tap aggregates
19 island tap groups
20 pipelines
21 extra large polymer import stream
22 island polymer import stream
23 extra large polymer distribution rooms
30 common outer tangent lines
40 composite fibres
41 sea components
42 region, islands
43 island components
44 sea component regions
51 distributing troughs
52 dispensing orifices
61 extra large polymer import stream
62 pipelines
63 extra large polymer distribution rooms
64 distributors
65 extra large taps
66 composition polymer taps
67 discharge plate

Claims (21)

1. a composite fibre, has sea component and island component, when observing the cross section of composite fibre, has with lower area in the cross section of described composite fibre:
Be configured with in sea component multiple island component region, island and
Only formed by sea component and the sea component region of more than 1 or 2 clipped by region, island,
The subregional width of described marine origin (H), is greater than the maximum being present in island component distance each other (W) in region, described island and adjacent.
2. composite fibre according to claim 1, internal direction is led to from the top layer of described composite fibre in described sea component region.
3. composite fibre according to claim 1 and 2, the island component in region, described island is configured regularly.
4. the composite fibre according to any one of claims 1 to 3, when observing the cross section of described island-in-sea type composite fiber, the subregional length of marine origin (L) is more than 0.25 with the ratio (L/D) of the diameter (D) of composite fibre.
5. the composite fibre according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, when observing the cross section of described island-in-sea type composite fiber, the subregional width of marine origin (H) is greater than the maximum gauge (d) of island component.
6. composite fibre according to claim 5, when observing cross section, there is at least one following sea component region: the subregional width of marine origin (H) is greater than the maximum gauge (d) of island component, and the subregional length of described marine origin (L1) is more than or equal to the subregional width of described marine origin (H), more than 1/4 of the diameter (D) that the subregional length of described marine origin (L1) is composite fibre.
7. the composite fibre according to any one of claim 1 ~ 6, when observing cross section, the diameter (D) of the subregional width of marine origin (H) and composite fibre meets following formula:
0.001＜H/D＜0.2。
8. the composite fibre according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7, when observing cross section, the sectional area (Ac) of composite fibre and the subregional area of marine origin add up to (As) to meet following formula:
0.05≤As/Ac≤0.35。
9. the composite fibre according to any one of claim 1 ~ 8, when observing cross section, sea component region is cross.
10. a manufacture method for superfine fibre, has the operation of extra large polymer stripping from the composite fibre described in any one of claim 1 ~ 9.
11. 1 kinds of fibres, comprise the fiber described in any one of claim 1 ~ 9.
12. 1 kinds of fibres, comprise the superfine fibre obtained by manufacture method according to claim 10.
13. 1 kinds of composite spinning jetes, discharge for the composition polymer will be made up of island polymer and extra large polymer, described spinning head meets important document (1) and (2):
(1) composite spinning jete is built by distributor, discharge plate and contracted flow plate,
Described distributor for distributing each polymer,
Described discharge plate is positioned at the downstream in the polymer spun outbound path direction of described distributor, and has multiple extra large tap and be selected from the tap of more than at least a kind in multiple islands tap and multiple composition polymer tap,
Described contracted flow plate is positioned at the downstream in the polymer spun outbound path direction of described discharge plate, and there is discharge entrance hole, the tap that described discharge entrance hole combines with the arbitrary tap be selected from following combination is communicated with: the combination of described extra large tap and described island tap, described extra large tap and the combination of described composition polymer tap and the combination of described extra large tap, described island tap and described composition polymer tap
(2) described discharge plate has the tap aggregate built by multiple tap, described tap aggregate is built by following tap group: the sea component region formed by described extra large tap is formed with tap group and at least more than one the island tap group that formed by any one of (i) ~ (v)
(i) described extra large tap and described island tap,
(ii) described composition polymer tap,
(iii) described extra large tap and described composition polymer tap,
(iv) described island tap and described composition polymer tap,
(v) described extra large tap, described island tap and described composition polymer tap.
14. composite spinning jetes according to claim 13, also meet important document (3),
(3) described sea component region formation tap group, from the periphery of described tap aggregate inwardly, is configured continuously in the mode of the part clipping described island tap group in both sides.
15. composite spinning jetes according to claim 13 or 14, described distributor has multiple composition polymer tap, and be that described dispensing orifice or described distributing trough are communicated with the tap of more than a kind in described composition polymer tap with the described extra large tap or described island tap being selected from described discharge plate by stacked for the distribution plate that is formed with dispensing orifice and distributing trough or at least one in them more than 1 and build.
16. composite spinning jetes according to any one of claim 13 ~ 15, described distributor has multiple composition polymer tap, and described composite spinning jete has multiple pipeline, extra large polymer imports stream and extra large polymer distribution room,
Described multiple pipeline is disposed in the described composition polymer tap position one to one with described discharge plate 2, and for described island polymer is supplied to polymer tap 15,
Described extra large polymer imports stream for supplying extra large polymer,
Described extra large polymer distribution room and extra large polymer import fluid communication, and are configured to around described multiple pipeline,
The described composition polymer tap of described discharge plate is communicated with described extra large polymer distribution room with described pipeline.
17. composite spinning jetes according to any one of claim 13 ~ 16, the extra large tap forming a part for described tap aggregate is configured in each summit of n limit shape grid, the island tap forming a part for described tap aggregate is configured in the position of centre of gravity of n limit shape grid, for the described extra large tap forming described sea component region formation tap group, the imaginary circle contour being radius with the distance between centers with hithermost described extra large tap or described island tap configures the described island tap of less than m, n and m meets the arbitrary important document in (x) ~ (xii):
(x)n＝6、m＝2，
(xi)n＝4、m＝3，
(xii)n＝3、m＝5。
18. composite spinning jetes according to any one of claim 13 ~ 17, when the circumscribed radius of described tap aggregate is set to R, till from described circumscribed outer thoughtful radius being the inner side of the circle of distance center below 0.5R, described sea component region formation tap group is configured by the form that described island tap group clips continuously with both sides.
19. composite spinning jetes according to any one of claim 13 ~ 18, for the manufacture of the composite fibre described in claim 1 ~ 9.
The manufacture method of 20. 1 kinds of composite fibres, comprise following operation: island polymer and extra large polymer are put in the described composite spinning jete of the spinning machine of the composite spinning jete described in any one employing claim 13 ~ 18, make island polymer and extra large polymer discharge from composite spinning jete and carry out the operation of spinning.
The manufacture method of 21. composite fibres according to claim 20, manufactured composite fibre is the composite fibre described in any one of claim 1 ~ 9.
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