CN104793132B - Disconnecting switch contact condition detection device and detection method based on electric-field sensor - Google Patents
Disconnecting switch contact condition detection device and detection method based on electric-field sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104793132B CN104793132B CN201510190661.XA CN201510190661A CN104793132B CN 104793132 B CN104793132 B CN 104793132B CN 201510190661 A CN201510190661 A CN 201510190661A CN 104793132 B CN104793132 B CN 104793132B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- module
- electric field
- voltage
- phase
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
- Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测装置，包括DSP处理器单元，DSP处理器单元上还分别连接有DSP复位模块、DSP晶振模块、液晶显示模块、启动按钮、屏蔽板打开按钮、预警模块、光耦隔离模块，光耦隔离模块还分别连接有A/D转换模块、信号调理模块，A/D转换模块上还依次连接有自适应放大模块、电场信号提取模块、电场传感器，信号调理模块上还连接有温湿度传感器。本发明还公开了基于上述检测装置的检测方法。本发明实现了完全的电气隔离，有效确保了电力系统检测领域对于绝缘性能的要求。本发明可以得出隔离开关的接触状态，并进行预警处理，同时可以对电压、环境等参数进行显示。
The invention discloses an isolating switch contact state detection device based on an electric field sensor, which includes a DSP processor unit, and the DSP processor unit is also respectively connected with a DSP reset module, a DSP crystal oscillator module, a liquid crystal display module, a start button, a shielding plate opening button, The early warning module, the optocoupler isolation module, and the optocoupler isolation module are respectively connected with an A/D conversion module and a signal conditioning module. The A/D conversion module is also connected with an adaptive amplification module, an electric field signal extraction module, an electric field sensor, and a signal conditioning module in sequence. A temperature and humidity sensor is also connected to the conditioning module. The invention also discloses a detection method based on the detection device. The invention realizes complete electrical isolation, and effectively ensures the requirement for insulation performance in the field of power system detection. The invention can obtain the contact state of the isolating switch, carry out early warning processing, and can display parameters such as voltage and environment at the same time.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于输变电设备离线检测技术领域，涉及一种基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测装置，本发明还涉及一种基于上述检测装置的检测方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of off-line detection of power transmission and transformation equipment, and relates to a contact state detection device of an isolating switch based on an electric field sensor, and also relates to a detection method based on the detection device.
背景技术Background technique
电力输电线路和变电站是为了将发电厂的电力能源输送给用户，随着技术的不断进步，用户对于电能质量的要求日益提高，电能质量包括有电压大小、频率以及波形，这些影响相对系统缺相所带来的影响来说是不明显的。非全相运行将给系统造成很大影响，由于三相电流不平衡，可能使发电机、变压器个别绕组通过电流较大，造成过热现象，据统计，在各种工、农业生产用异步电动机故障中，由于电源断相、某相绕组断线而使电动机被烧毁的占半数以上；三相电流不平衡产生的负序分量电流，使发电机定子绕组产生负序旋转磁场，在转子绕组中感应出的交流电流，引起附加损耗；并与转子绕组产生的磁场相互作用，引起机组振动；非全相运行时产生的零序电流，会对邻近的通信线路产生干扰等。因此电力系统缺相运行应引起广大电力工作人员的足够重视，最好不让这种情况发生，当其发生时，则需尽快使系统恢复到正常运行。Power transmission lines and substations are used to transmit the power energy of power plants to users. With the continuous advancement of technology, users have increasingly high requirements for power quality. Power quality includes voltage, frequency and waveform. These effects are relatively phase-deficient in the system The impact is not obvious. Non-full-phase operation will have a great impact on the system. Due to the unbalanced three-phase current, it may cause a large current to pass through individual windings of generators and transformers, resulting in overheating. According to statistics, asynchronous motors used in various industrial and agricultural productions fail Among them, more than half of the motors are burnt due to power supply phase failure and winding disconnection of a certain phase; the negative sequence component current generated by the unbalanced three-phase current causes the stator winding of the generator to generate a negative sequence rotating magnetic field, which is induced in the rotor winding The AC current generated by the generator causes additional loss; it interacts with the magnetic field generated by the rotor winding, causing the unit to vibrate; the zero-sequence current generated during non-full-phase operation will interfere with adjacent communication lines, etc. Therefore, the lack of phase operation of the power system should arouse the sufficient attention of the majority of electric power workers. It is best not to let this situation happen. When it happens, the system needs to be restored to normal operation as soon as possible.
隔离开关是高压开关电器中使用最多的一种高压设备，基本上都与高压断路器配合使用。它本身的工作原理及结构比较简单，但是由于使用量大，工作可靠性要求高，对变电站的设计、建设和安全运行的影响均较大。Isolating switch is the most used high-voltage equipment in high-voltage switchgear, and it is basically used in conjunction with high-voltage circuit breakers. Its working principle and structure are relatively simple, but due to the large amount of use and high reliability requirements, it has a greater impact on the design, construction and safe operation of substations.
隔离开关的动静触头之间可能存在三种状态，一是两触头之间明显的存在分离间隙，表明此时隔离开关是完全断开的；二是两触头之间完全闭合，表明此时隔离开关两侧完全接通；三是两触头之间看似闭合实则断开，此时给工作人员的印象就是隔离开关是闭合的，然而事实上其是断开的，即对后续系统完成不了供电。第三种情况由于工作人员很难知情而导致其危害是最大的，其是造成缺相的一个最重要的原因，主要由于隔离开关触头烧伤或是螺丝松动造成接触不良或是没有接触上，从而造成某一相没有供上电。然而在变电站现场，这些接触不良或是接触不上的情况是看不出来的，从而隔离开关出线侧的电压情况在变电站现场无从得知，因此对于现场运行人员和巡检人员来说，有必要对隔离开关接触状态进行检测。There may be three states between the moving and static contacts of the isolating switch. One is that there is an obvious separation gap between the two contacts, indicating that the isolating switch is completely disconnected at this time; the other is that the two contacts are completely closed, indicating that this When the two sides of the isolating switch are completely connected; the third is that the two contacts seem to be closed but are actually disconnected. At this time, the impression given to the staff is that the isolating switch is closed, but in fact it is disconnected. Could not complete the power supply. The third situation is the most harmful because it is difficult for the staff to know. It is one of the most important reasons for the lack of phase. It is mainly due to the burnt contact of the isolating switch or the loosening of the screw, resulting in poor contact or no contact. As a result, a certain phase is not powered on. However, at the substation site, these poor or inaccessible conditions cannot be seen, so the voltage situation on the outlet side of the isolating switch cannot be known at the substation site. Therefore, it is necessary for site operators and inspectors to Detect the contact state of the isolating switch.
本发明基于隔离开关出线侧电压情况对隔离开关的接触状态进行判定。线路断线后，对于非故障相而言，其电压和电流会相应的升高，这对于设备的绝缘水平提出了考验，同时也对人员安全构成了威胁，所以系统非全相运行时间不能太长，应尽快使其恢复正常。本发明运用电场传感器对隔离开关的出线侧电压进行检测，如发现系统非全相运行，则可立即进行相应的处理，使用电场传感器主要优势在于：一是实现完全无接触式测量，保证了检测时的安全；二是电场传感器造价低廉，大大节约装置的成本。The invention judges the contact state of the isolating switch based on the voltage condition of the outlet side of the isolating switch. After the line is disconnected, the voltage and current of the non-faulty phase will rise accordingly, which puts a test on the insulation level of the equipment and also poses a threat to the safety of personnel, so the non-full-phase running time of the system should not be too long long, it should be restored to normal as soon as possible. The invention uses the electric field sensor to detect the voltage on the outlet side of the isolating switch. If it is found that the system is not in full-phase operation, the corresponding processing can be carried out immediately. The main advantages of using the electric field sensor are: first, to realize completely non-contact measurement and ensure the detection The second is that the cost of the electric field sensor is low, which greatly saves the cost of the device.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测装置，可方便的对隔离开关出线侧的电压情况进行现场获取。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a contact state detection device for a disconnector based on an electric field sensor, which can conveniently obtain the voltage situation on the outlet side of the disconnector on site.
本发明的目的还在于提供一种基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态的检测方法。The purpose of the present invention is also to provide a method for detecting the contact state of the disconnector based on the electric field sensor.
本发明所采用的第一种技术方案是，基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测装置，包括DSP处理器单元，DSP处理器单元上还分别连接有DSP复位模块、DSP晶振模块、液晶显示模块、启动按钮、屏蔽板打开按钮、预警模块、光耦隔离模块，光耦隔离模块还分别连接有A/D转换模块、信号调理模块，A/D转换模块上还依次连接有自适应放大模块、电场信号提取模块、电场传感器，信号调理模块上还连接有温湿度传感器。The first kind of technical scheme that the present invention adopts is, the isolating switch contact state detection device based on electric field sensor, comprises DSP processor unit, is also respectively connected with DSP reset module, DSP crystal oscillator module, liquid crystal display module, The start button, the opening button of the shielding plate, the early warning module, the optocoupler isolation module, and the optocoupler isolation module are respectively connected with an A/D conversion module and a signal conditioning module, and the A/D conversion module is also connected with an adaptive amplification module, an electric field The signal extraction module, the electric field sensor, and the signal conditioning module are also connected with a temperature and humidity sensor.
本发明的第一种技术方案的特点还在于，The feature of the first technical solution of the present invention is also that,
DSP处理器单元还连接有SRAM存储模块。The DSP processor unit is also connected with an SRAM storage module.
DSP处理器单元还连接有通信模块。The DSP processor unit is also connected with a communication module.
本发明所采用的第二种技术方案是，基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测方法，具体按照以下步骤实施：The second technical solution adopted in the present invention is a method for detecting the contact state of a disconnector based on an electric field sensor, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
步骤1、电场传感器置于隔离开关出线的正下方，电场传感器将感应到三相叠加在一起的电场信号，并且电场传感器将感应到的电场信号转化为电压信号，电压信号通过电场信号提取模块进行提取，然后送入自适应放大模块，自适应放大模块把信号放大到适合A/D转换模块要求的输入电压范围，然后送入A/D转换模块，最后通过光耦隔离模块送入DSP处理器单元；温湿度传感器将采集到的所测环境的温湿度信息通过信号调理模块后，通过光耦隔离模块送入DSP处理器单元；Step 1. The electric field sensor is placed directly below the outlet of the isolating switch. The electric field sensor will sense the electric field signal of the three phases superimposed together, and the electric field sensor will convert the sensed electric field signal into a voltage signal, and the voltage signal will be processed by the electric field signal extraction module. Extract it, and then send it to the adaptive amplification module, which amplifies the signal to the input voltage range suitable for the A/D conversion module, then send it to the A/D conversion module, and finally send it to the DSP processor through the optocoupler isolation module unit; the temperature and humidity sensor sends the collected temperature and humidity information of the measured environment through the signal conditioning module to the DSP processor unit through the optocoupler isolation module;
步骤2、DSP处理器单元对离散化的电压信号进行快速傅立叶变换，变换得出电压值，DSP处理器单元会基于隔离开关接触状态的判别原理，同时结合不同电压等级的电压情况，根据所测电压大小确定隔离隔离开关触头的接触状态；当判别为缺相时，进行报警处理，并在液晶模块上显示缺相、电压及环境参数等信息，同时摁下屏蔽板打开按钮继续进行相别的鉴定。Step 2. The DSP processor unit performs fast Fourier transform on the discrete voltage signal to obtain the voltage value. The DSP processor unit will use the principle of discrimination of the contact state of the isolating switch, and combine the voltage conditions of different voltage levels, according to the measured The voltage determines the contact state of the contactor of the isolating switch; when it is judged that there is a lack of phase, an alarm will be processed, and information such as phase loss, voltage, and environmental parameters will be displayed on the LCD module, and at the same time, press the open button of the shielding plate to continue the phase separation. identification.
本发明的第二种技术方案的特点还在于，The second technical solution of the present invention is also characterized in that,
步骤1中A/D转换模块中的采样频率fs由DSP处理器单元通过下式设置：The sampling frequency f s in the A/D conversion module in step 1 is set by the DSP processor unit through the following formula:
fs＝fN/512f s =f N /512
其中，fN＝50Hz为工频，512为每个周期采集512个点。Among them, f N =50Hz is the power frequency, and 512 is to collect 512 points per cycle.
步骤2中DSP处理器单元对离散化的电压信号进行快速傅立叶变换，具体按照以下步骤实施：In step 2, the DSP processor unit performs fast Fourier transform on the discretized voltage signal, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
经过A/D转换模块后得到的电压信号离散序列为x(n)，0≤n≤N-1，N为采样点数，k为谐波的次数，对x(n)序列进行离散傅立叶变换处理：The discrete sequence of the voltage signal obtained after the A/D conversion module is x(n), 0≤n≤N-1, N is the number of sampling points, k is the number of harmonics, and the x(n) sequence is processed by discrete Fourier transform :
因此可知信号的实部和虚部分别为：Therefore, it can be known that the real and imaginary parts of the signal are:
步骤2中隔离开关接触状态的判别原理为：电场传感器所测电场信号为三相叠加的一个信号，当电场传感器放置于某一相导线正下方时，由于距三相导线电气距离都较远，所以电场传感器对于三相导线的响应电压差距很小，而且相位也是相互相差120°，这样在隔离开关正常闭合时，电场传感器就会形成一个不大的电压U1；当某一相触头没有闭合时，剩下的另外两相电压合成一个较大的电压U2，U2明显大于正常时电压U1；当某两相触头没有闭合时，剩下的另外一相电压U3，电压U3比U2略小，U3大于正常时电压U1；而当三相触头都没有闭合时，后端就没有电场信号，所测电压值U4几乎为零，综合起来有U2>U3>U1>U4。The principle of discriminating the contact state of the isolation switch in step 2 is: the electric field signal measured by the electric field sensor is a signal superimposed by three phases. Therefore, the response voltage difference of the electric field sensor to the three-phase wires is very small, and the phases are also 120° different from each other, so that when the isolating switch is normally closed, the electric field sensor will form a small voltage U1; when a certain phase contact is not closed When the other two phase voltages are combined into a larger voltage U2, U2 is obviously greater than the normal voltage U1; when a certain two-phase contact is not closed, the remaining other phase voltage U3, the voltage U3 is slightly smaller than U2 , U3 is greater than the normal voltage U1; and when the three-phase contacts are not closed, there is no electric field signal at the rear end, and the measured voltage value U4 is almost zero. In general, U2>U3>U1>U4.
步骤2中判别为缺相时，相别的鉴定方法为：将基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测装置置于线路下方，打开基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测装置两侧与导线平行的两块金属屏蔽板，对某一相进行检测，此时另外两相所产生的电场信号基本被屏蔽，所测信号基本就是对本相电压的反映，如本相隔离开关触头没有接触时，所测电压值就基本为零，而在隔离开关触头接触良好时，所测电压值与U3相当。When it is judged as lack of phase in step 2, the phase identification method is as follows: place the electric field sensor-based isolation switch contact state detection device under the line, and open the two sides of the electric field sensor-based isolation switch contact state detection device parallel to the wire. A metal shielding plate is used to detect a certain phase. At this time, the electric field signals generated by the other two phases are basically shielded, and the measured signal is basically a reflection of the voltage of this phase. The voltage value is basically zero, and when the contacts of the isolating switch are in good contact, the measured voltage value is equivalent to that of U3.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测装置采用DSP处理器单元作为处理器，实现对隔离开关出线侧电压信号的采集，主要对电压信号进行A/D采样、FFT处理，然后根据判别原理进行分析。当某一相隔离开关的触头没有闭合时，其出线侧就没有电压，此时会进行相应的预警处理，同时设计有液晶显示屏，可以显示电压、温湿度等信息，这样使得电力工作人员可快速排除隔离开关问题，完成正常供电，可有效防止高压设备或用电设备因缺相运行所带来的严重后果。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the electric field sensor-based isolation switch contact state detection device of the present invention uses a DSP processor unit as a processor to realize the acquisition of the voltage signal on the outlet side of the isolation switch, and mainly performs A/D sampling and FFT on the voltage signal processing, and then analyze according to the discriminant principle. When the contact of a certain phase isolating switch is not closed, there will be no voltage on the outlet side, and corresponding early warning processing will be carried out at this time. It can quickly eliminate the problem of the isolating switch, complete the normal power supply, and effectively prevent the serious consequences caused by the lack of phase operation of high-voltage equipment or electrical equipment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明隔离开关接触状态检测装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a disconnector contact state detection device of the present invention;
图2是本发明中电场传感器的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the electric field sensor in the present invention.
图中，1.电场传感器，2.电场信号提取模块，3.自适应放大模块，4.A/D转换模块，5.光耦隔离模块，6.温湿度传感器，7.信号调理模块，8.DSP复位模块，9.DSP晶振模块，10.DSP处理器单元，11.SRAM存储模块，12.液晶显示模块，13.启动按钮，14.屏蔽板打开按钮，15.预警模块，16.通信模块，17.上极板，18.下极板，19.绝缘介质，20.信号线，21.导线固定卡。In the figure, 1. Electric field sensor, 2. Electric field signal extraction module, 3. Adaptive amplification module, 4. A/D conversion module, 5. Optocoupler isolation module, 6. Temperature and humidity sensor, 7. Signal conditioning module, 8 .DSP reset module, 9. DSP crystal oscillator module, 10. DSP processor unit, 11. SRAM storage module, 12. Liquid crystal display module, 13. Start button, 14. Shield plate open button, 15. Early warning module, 16. Communication Module, 17. Upper pole plate, 18. Lower pole plate, 19. Insulation medium, 20. Signal line, 21. Wire fixing card.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测装置，结构如图1所示，包括DSP处理器单元10，DSP处理器单元10上还分别连接有DSP复位模块8、DSP晶振模块9、SRAM存储模块11、液晶显示模块12、启动按钮13、屏蔽板打开按钮14、预警模块15、通信模块16、光耦隔离模块5，光耦隔离模块5还分别连接有A/D转换模块4、信号调理模块7，A/D转换模块4上还依次连接有自适应放大模块3、电场信号提取模块2、电场传感器1，信号调理模块7上还连接有温湿度传感器6。The present invention is based on the isolating switch contact state detecting device of electric field sensor, and structure is as shown in Figure 1, comprises DSP processor unit 10, is also connected with DSP reset module 8, DSP crystal oscillator module 9, SRAM memory module respectively on the DSP processor unit 10 11. Liquid crystal display module 12, start button 13, shielding plate opening button 14, early warning module 15, communication module 16, optocoupler isolation module 5, optocoupler isolation module 5 is also connected with A/D conversion module 4, signal conditioning module 7. An adaptive amplification module 3 , an electric field signal extraction module 2 , and an electric field sensor 1 are sequentially connected to the A/D conversion module 4 , and a temperature and humidity sensor 6 is also connected to the signal conditioning module 7 .
其中电场传感器1主要作用是对隔离开关出线侧电压进行监测。选用电场传感器1的最大优势是造价低廉、而且安装方便，只要放在隔离开关出线侧电压所形成的电场中即可。同时整个测量系统与一次设备之间实现了完全的电气隔离，有效确保了电力系统对于绝缘性能的要求。本发明中电场传感器1为电容式电场传感器，结构如图2所示，包括上极板17和下极板18以及中间填充绝缘介质19，电场传感器1的表面固接有导线固定卡21，导线固定卡上引出信号线20，上下两极板之间的电压由信号线20引出，送入后续的电压信号提取模块进行电压的提取。电容式电场传感器1的工作原理为：上极板17和下极板18置于隔离开关出线侧电压形成的工频电场中，将会分别聚集工频变化的正负电荷，由于这些电荷的作用，两极板间就形成电压，便可通过某种方法将此电压进行提取。电场传感器1的上下两极板大小相等、组成相同，其材料采用金属铁，其形状可以是圆形和方形。中间的绝缘介质采用玻璃或是其他合适的材料。上下两极板引出的信号线采用自带屏蔽层的电缆线，其内芯采用铜质材料，其电阻小，导电性能好，能很好的进行信号的传输。The main function of the electric field sensor 1 is to monitor the voltage on the outlet side of the isolating switch. The biggest advantage of choosing the electric field sensor 1 is that it is cheap and easy to install, as long as it is placed in the electric field formed by the voltage on the outlet side of the isolating switch. At the same time, complete electrical isolation is realized between the entire measurement system and primary equipment, effectively ensuring the insulation performance requirements of the power system. Electric field sensor 1 among the present invention is capacitive electric field sensor, and structure as shown in Figure 2, comprises upper pole plate 17 and lower pole plate 18 and middle filling insulating medium 19, and the surface of electric field sensor 1 is affixed with wire fixing card 21, and wire The signal line 20 is drawn out from the fixed card, and the voltage between the upper and lower plates is drawn out from the signal line 20, and sent to the subsequent voltage signal extraction module for voltage extraction. The working principle of the capacitive electric field sensor 1 is: the upper plate 17 and the lower plate 18 are placed in the power frequency electric field formed by the voltage on the outlet side of the isolating switch, and the positive and negative charges of the power frequency change will be collected respectively. Due to the effect of these charges , a voltage is formed between the two plates, and this voltage can be extracted by a certain method. The upper and lower plates of the electric field sensor 1 are equal in size and composition, and its material is metal iron, and its shape can be circular or square. The intermediate insulating medium is made of glass or other suitable materials. The signal wires leading out from the upper and lower pole plates are cables with shielding layers, and the inner core is made of copper material, which has low resistance and good electrical conductivity, and can transmit signals well.
其中电场信号提取模块2主要是应用了仪用放大器的原理，前端并联电容再与电场传感器1出来的信号进行串联，并联电容上便可分得电压信号，此时仪用放大器的输入电阻选定为兆欧级别以上，便可基本准确地提取出电压信号。Among them, the electric field signal extraction module 2 mainly applies the principle of the instrument amplifier. The front-end parallel capacitor is connected in series with the signal from the electric field sensor 1, and the voltage signal can be obtained from the parallel capacitor. At this time, the input resistance of the instrument amplifier is selected If it is above the megohm level, the voltage signal can be basically and accurately extracted.
其中自适应放大模块3采用可编程增益放大器PGA204，特点是精度高、数字控制可编程增益。由程序根据输入电压大小自动控制信号放大倍数，共分为四级放大倍数，具有控制灵活、线性度高、稳定可靠等优点。Among them, the adaptive amplification module 3 adopts the programmable gain amplifier PGA204, which is characterized by high precision and digitally controlled programmable gain. The signal magnification is automatically controlled by the program according to the input voltage, which is divided into four levels of magnification. It has the advantages of flexible control, high linearity, stability and reliability.
其中A/D转换模块4采用的ADS8505为主要器件，ADS8505从采样速度、精度上都可满足本发明装置的需求。The ADS8505 adopted by the A/D conversion module 4 is the main device, and the ADS8505 can meet the requirements of the device of the present invention in terms of sampling speed and precision.
其中光耦隔离模块5主要作用是对整个电路的数字部分和模拟部分进行隔离保护，系统可选用6N137芯片、HCPL0630芯片等作为光耦隔离的主要器件。Among them, the main function of the optocoupler isolation module 5 is to isolate and protect the digital part and the analog part of the whole circuit. The system can choose 6N137 chips, HCPL0630 chips, etc. as the main devices for optocoupler isolation.
其中温湿度传感器6选用瑞士Sensirion公司SHTxx系列产品SHT11作为温湿度传感器，该传感器主要包括有一个温度敏感元件和一个湿度敏感元件，可方便对温度和湿度进行测量。Among them, the temperature and humidity sensor 6 uses the SHTxx series product SHT11 of Sensirion Company of Switzerland as the temperature and humidity sensor. The sensor mainly includes a temperature sensitive element and a humidity sensitive element, which can be used to measure the temperature and humidity conveniently.
其中DSP复位模块8主要作用是在DSP处理器单元10受外界干扰等因素影响、程序跑飞致使设备无法正常工作时对系统进行复位处理。系统采用CAT1832V-GT3芯片作为看门狗电路主控芯片，此外通过配置按键单元还可以人为的对系统进行复位操作。Wherein the main function of the DSP reset module 8 is to reset the system when the DSP processor unit 10 is affected by factors such as external interference, and the program runs away and the device cannot work normally. The system uses the CAT1832V-GT3 chip as the main control chip of the watchdog circuit. In addition, the system can be manually reset by configuring the key unit.
其中DSP晶振模块9为DSP系统工作提供时钟，采用30M的外接晶振。Among them, the DSP crystal oscillator module 9 provides a clock for the operation of the DSP system, and adopts a 30M external crystal oscillator.
其中DSP处理器单元10选用了TI公司的TMS320F28335型号，具有速度快、精度高、成本低、功耗小、性能好、外设集成度高、存储量大等优点，可很好的实现对信号的处理。Among them, the DSP processor unit 10 has selected the TMS320F28335 model of TI Company, which has the advantages of fast speed, high precision, low cost, low power consumption, good performance, high integration of peripherals, large storage capacity, etc., and can realize signal processing very well. processing.
其中SRAM存储模块11主要作用是存储DSP系统运行过程中的中间数据，装置采用IS61LV51216芯片，具有速度快、不必配合内存刷新电路的优点，可提高整体的工作效率。Wherein the main function of the SRAM storage module 11 is to store the intermediate data during the operation of the DSP system. The device adopts the IS61LV51216 chip, which has the advantages of fast speed and no need to cooperate with the memory refresh circuit, and can improve the overall work efficiency.
其中液晶显示模块12主要作用是对电压、频率以及环境参数等信息进行显示，装置采用12864点阵液晶显示模块。The main function of the liquid crystal display module 12 is to display information such as voltage, frequency and environmental parameters, and the device adopts a 12864 dot matrix liquid crystal display module.
其中预警模块15主要作用在于，当检测到隔离开关触头没有闭合完全时，将会提醒现场工作人员，以便妥善解决问题，装置采用型号为YS-01的声光报警器作为预警模块15。Wherein the main function of the early warning module 15 is that when it is detected that the contact of the isolating switch is not completely closed, it will remind the on-site staff to properly solve the problem.
其中通信模块16主要为了将数据上传至电网后台监控中心，以满足智能电网大背景下进行的高压设备运行状态分析。通信模块可选用3G、ZigBee、WiFi等方式。Among them, the communication module 16 is mainly for uploading data to the background monitoring center of the power grid, so as to meet the analysis of the operation status of the high-voltage equipment under the background of the smart grid. The communication module can choose 3G, ZigBee, WiFi and other methods.
本发明中隔离开关接触状态的判别原理为：电场传感器1所测电场信号为三相叠加的一个信号，当电场传感器1放置于某一相导线正下方时，由于距三相导线电气距离都较远，所以电场传感器1对于三相导线的响应电压差距很小，而且相位也是相互相差120°，这样在隔离开关正常闭合时，电场传感器1就会形成一个不大的电压U1；当某一相触头没有闭合时，剩下的另外两相电压合成一个较大的电压U2，U2明显大于正常时电压U1；当某两相触头没有闭合时，剩下的另外一相电压U3，电压U3比U2略小，U3大于正常时电压U1；而当三相触头都没有闭合时，后端就没有电场信号，所测电压值U4几乎为零，综合起来有U2>U3>U1>U4。The discriminant principle of the contact state of the isolating switch in the present invention is: the electric field signal measured by the electric field sensor 1 is a signal of three-phase superimposition, when the electric field sensor 1 is placed directly below a certain phase wire, because the electrical distance from the three phase wires is relatively small Therefore, the response voltage difference of the electric field sensor 1 to the three-phase conductors is very small, and the phases are also 120° different from each other, so that when the isolating switch is normally closed, the electric field sensor 1 will form a small voltage U1; when a certain phase When the contacts are not closed, the remaining two phase voltages synthesize a larger voltage U2, U2 is obviously greater than the normal voltage U1; when a certain two-phase contacts are not closed, the remaining other phase voltage U3, the voltage U3 Slightly smaller than U2, U3 is greater than the normal voltage U1; and when the three-phase contacts are not closed, there is no electric field signal at the rear end, and the measured voltage value U4 is almost zero. In general, U2>U3>U1>U4.
当检测到有一相或是两相隔离开关触头没有接触时即非全相(缺相)运行时，相别的鉴定方法为：将基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测装置置于线路下方，打开基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测装置两侧与导线平行的两块金属屏蔽板，对某一相进行检测，此时另外两相所产生的电场信号基本被屏蔽，所测信号基本就是对本相电压的反映，如本相隔离开关触头没有接触时，所测电压值就基本为零，而在隔离开关触头接触良好时，所测电压值与U3相当。When it is detected that there is no contact between one phase or two phase isolating switch contacts, that is, non-full phase (phase loss) operation, the phase identification method is: place the isolating switch contact state detection device based on the electric field sensor under the line, Open the two metal shielding plates on both sides of the electric field sensor-based isolating switch contact state detection device parallel to the wires to detect a certain phase. At this time, the electric field signals generated by the other two phases are basically shielded, and the measured signals are basically for this phase. The reflection of the phase voltage, if the contact of the isolating switch of this phase is not in contact, the measured voltage value is basically zero, and when the contact of the isolating switch is in good contact, the measured voltage value is equivalent to U3.
本发明基于电场传感器的隔离开关接触状态检测方法，具体按照以下步骤实施：The present invention is based on the detection method of the contact state of the isolating switch of the electric field sensor, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
步骤1、电场传感器1置于隔离开关出线的正下方，电场传感器1将感应到三相叠加在一起的电场信号，并且电场传感器1将感应到的电场信号转化为电压信号，电压信号通过电场信号提取模块2进行提取，然后送入自适应放大模块3，自适应放大模块3把信号放大到适合A/D转换模块4要求的输入电压范围，然后送入A/D转换模块4，最后通过光耦隔离模块5送入DSP处理器单元10；温湿度传感器6将采集到的所测环境的温湿度信息通过信号调理模块7后，通过光耦隔离模块5送入DSP处理器单元10；Step 1. The electric field sensor 1 is placed directly below the outlet of the isolating switch. The electric field sensor 1 will sense the electric field signal of the three phases superimposed together, and the electric field sensor 1 will convert the sensed electric field signal into a voltage signal, and the voltage signal will pass through the electric field signal. The extraction module 2 extracts, and then sends it to the adaptive amplification module 3, and the adaptive amplification module 3 amplifies the signal to the input voltage range suitable for the A/D conversion module 4, then sends it to the A/D conversion module 4, and finally passes the optical signal Coupling isolation module 5 is sent into DSP processor unit 10; After the temperature and humidity information of the measured environment collected by temperature and humidity sensor 6 is passed through signal conditioning module 7, it is sent into DSP processor unit 10 by optocoupler isolation module 5;
其中，A/D转换模块4中的采样频率fs由DSP处理器单元10通过下式设置：Wherein, the sampling frequency f in the A/D conversion module 4 is set by the DSP processor unit 10 through the following formula:
fs＝fN/512 (1)f s =f N /512 (1)
其中，fN＝50Hz为工频，512为每个周期采集512个点。Among them, f N =50Hz is the power frequency, and 512 is to collect 512 points per cycle.
步骤2、DSP处理器单元10对离散化的电压信号进行快速傅立叶变换：Step 2, DSP processor unit 10 carries out Fast Fourier Transform to the discretized voltage signal:
经过A/D转换模块4后得到的电压信号离散序列为x(n)，0≤n≤N-1，N为采样点数，k为谐波的次数，对x(n)序列进行离散傅立叶变换处理：The discrete sequence of the voltage signal obtained after the A/D conversion module 4 is x(n), 0≤n≤N-1, N is the number of sampling points, k is the number of harmonics, and discrete Fourier transform is performed on the x(n) sequence deal with:
因此可知信号的实部和虚部分别为：Therefore, it can be known that the real and imaginary parts of the signal are:
变换得出电压值Um，DSP处理器单元10会基于隔离开关接触状态的判别原理，同时结合不同电压等级的电压情况，根据所测电压大小确定隔离隔离开关触头的接触状态，即电压值Um与U1、U2、U3、U4进行比较；①如果Um接近U1，则隔离开关正常闭合，②如果Um接近U4，则隔离开关三相触头都没有闭合，③如果Um接近U2，则有一相触头没有闭合，④如果Um接近U3，则两相触头没有闭合；当判别为缺相(缺一相或者两相即③、④两种情况)时，进行报警处理，并在液晶模块上显示缺相、电压及环境参数等信息，同时摁下屏蔽板打开按钮继续进行相别的鉴定：如果测得本相电压接近于U3时表明该相隔离开关触头正常闭合，如果本相电压接近于零时表明该相隔离开关触头没有闭合。Transform to get the voltage value U m , the DSP processor unit 10 will determine the contact state of the contacts of the isolating switch according to the measured voltage, that is, the voltage value U m is compared with U1, U2, U3, and U4; ① If U m is close to U1, the isolating switch is closed normally; ② If U m is close to U4, the three-phase contacts of the isolating switch are not closed; ③ If U m is close to U2 , then one phase contact is not closed, ④ if U m is close to U3, then the two-phase contacts are not closed; Display information such as phase loss, voltage and environmental parameters on the LCD module, and press the shield plate open button to continue phase identification: if the measured voltage of this phase is close to U3, it means that the contact of the phase isolation switch is normally closed, if When the phase voltage is close to zero, it indicates that the contact of the phase isolation switch is not closed.
根据需要，可将所测数据上传至电网后台监控中心，以用作电压质量分析。According to needs, the measured data can be uploaded to the grid background monitoring center for voltage quality analysis.
本发明中，采用电场传感器1对隔离开关出线侧电压进行检测，造价低廉、安装方便，同时整个检测装置与一次设备之间实现了完全的电气隔离，有效确保了电力系统测量领域对于绝缘性能的要求。监测终端采用DSP处理器单元10作为处理器，充分利用DSP处理器单元10的快速计算能力的特点，在对信号进行采集同时现场进行数字化处理，并计算得到电压幅值、有效值等参数信息，可进行现场预警，同时可以显示电压以及环境参数信息。In the present invention, the electric field sensor 1 is used to detect the voltage on the outlet side of the isolating switch, which is cheap and easy to install. At the same time, complete electrical isolation is realized between the entire detection device and the primary equipment, effectively ensuring the insulation performance of the power system measurement field. Require. The monitoring terminal adopts the DSP processor unit 10 as the processor, fully utilizes the characteristics of the fast computing ability of the DSP processor unit 10, and performs digital processing on the spot while collecting the signal, and calculates parameter information such as voltage amplitude and effective value, On-site early warning can be carried out, and voltage and environmental parameter information can be displayed at the same time.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510190661.XA CN104793132B (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2015-04-21 | Disconnecting switch contact condition detection device and detection method based on electric-field sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510190661.XA CN104793132B (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2015-04-21 | Disconnecting switch contact condition detection device and detection method based on electric-field sensor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104793132A CN104793132A (en) | 2015-07-22 |
| CN104793132B true CN104793132B (en) | 2018-07-06 |
Family
ID=53558101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510190661.XA Expired - Fee Related CN104793132B (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2015-04-21 | Disconnecting switch contact condition detection device and detection method based on electric-field sensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104793132B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105372588A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-02 | 国家电网公司 | High-voltage switch state monitoring system and data storage system |
| CN105487007B (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2018-04-03 | 江苏省电力公司淮安供电公司 | A kind of disconnecting switch condition monitoring system based on vibration analysis |
| CN107631863B (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-12-10 | 西安工程大学 | High-voltage circuit breaker mechanical characteristic monitoring system and monitoring method |
| CN110376253B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2020-11-24 | 华中科技大学 | A humidity sensor, preparation method and humidity-sensitive switch trigger |
| CN110673025A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-01-10 | 北京兴达奇热工控制设备有限公司 | Online monitoring system for distribution isolating switch for kiln |
| CN111157841B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2022-10-18 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司台州供电公司 | Fault quick positioning device for secondary circuit of electric operation type isolating switch |
| CN113391203A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-14 | 国家电网有限公司 | Detection system for bad closing state of isolating switch |
| CN113391202A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-09-14 | 国家电网有限公司 | Method for judging closing state of isolating switch |
| CN117929990B (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-05-28 | 辽宁合顺电力技术有限公司 | High-voltage switch contact state detection device |
| CN118226242B (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-12-31 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司南京供电分公司 | Disconnector position double confirmation method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103412190A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-11-27 | 国家电网公司 | Switch-class device state evaluation method based on parameter on-line identification |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01255450A (en) * | 1988-04-05 | 1989-10-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | remote display device |
| CN201478877U (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-05-19 | 兰州银利电器设备有限责任公司 | Non-contact type high-voltage detecting protection device |
| CN102412626B (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2014-11-05 | 纪元电气集团有限公司 | Internet of things-based intelligent high-voltage switch cabinet |
| CN103257280B (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2015-04-01 | 西安工程大学 | Capacitive equipment dielectric loss monitoring method based on electric field sensor |
| CN104316201A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-01-28 | 重庆瑞升康博电气有限公司 | Infrared array temperature measurement monitoring system of high-voltage isolating switch contact |
-
2015
- 2015-04-21 CN CN201510190661.XA patent/CN104793132B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103412190A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-11-27 | 国家电网公司 | Switch-class device state evaluation method based on parameter on-line identification |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 智能高压开关柜综合操控装置的设计与实现;王列华 等;《电气应用》;20130630;第32卷(第11期);第51-56、74页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104793132A (en) | 2015-07-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104793132B (en) | Disconnecting switch contact condition detection device and detection method based on electric-field sensor | |
| CN201355384Y (en) | System for detecting and managing partial discharge of switch cabinet on-line | |
| CN204442008U (en) | A kind of intelligent type low-voltage comprehensive distribution cabinet | |
| CN202167896U (en) | Integrated information platform of integration on-line monitoring system | |
| CN201218822Y (en) | Electric energy quality on-line monitoring device | |
| CN103969555A (en) | Method for judging electric power equipment arc discharge, mechanical vibration and abnormal displacement type faults | |
| CN202929124U (en) | Substation high-voltage shunt capacitor intelligent online monitoring system | |
| CN106291219A (en) | Single-phase earthing/PT disconnection fault automatic discrimination alarm device and method | |
| CN201611383U (en) | On-line detection device for shaft voltage and shaft current of generator | |
| CN201540356U (en) | Intelligent isolating switch on-line monitoring device | |
| CN206114790U (en) | Zinc oxide arrester on -line monitoring device | |
| CN206193186U (en) | Isolator mechanical breakdown diagnostic device | |
| CN201607479U (en) | Over-voltage non-contact on-line monitoring and identifying integrated device for power grid | |
| CN105467197B (en) | Integrated arrester on-Line Monitor Device | |
| CN103604978A (en) | On-line monitor device of lightning current of overhead transmission line based on PCI collection card | |
| CN204179672U (en) | A kind of power factor controller | |
| CN203164360U (en) | Transformer device insulation online monitoring system | |
| CN203705516U (en) | PCI acquisition card based lightning current on-line monitoring device for overhead transmission lines | |
| CN203178369U (en) | Bushing monitoring system for intelligent substation | |
| CN201237622Y (en) | On-line monitoring device for three-phase arrester in cabinet | |
| CN212808479U (en) | Electrified fault diagnosis device of low-voltage transformer area zero line | |
| CN201429671Y (en) | On-line Monitoring and Locating Device for Turn-to-Turn Short Circuit of Hydrogenerator Rotor | |
| CN102891532B (en) | Portable microcomputer charging protection device and method | |
| CN203385783U (en) | Low-power intelligent high-voltage charged display locking device based on AVR microcontroller | |
| CN204190361U (en) | A kind of generator unit stator one-phase ground protection device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| EXSB | Decision made by sipo to initiate substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20180706 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |