CN104792626A - Experimental device of FRP rib durability under stretching stress and environment coupling effect - Google Patents

Experimental device of FRP rib durability under stretching stress and environment coupling effect Download PDF

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CN104792626A
CN104792626A CN201510190662.4A CN201510190662A CN104792626A CN 104792626 A CN104792626 A CN 104792626A CN 201510190662 A CN201510190662 A CN 201510190662A CN 104792626 A CN104792626 A CN 104792626A
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frp muscle
plate
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CN104792626B (en
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孙伟
蒋金洋
王桂玲
武胜萍
王凤娟
王彭生
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention provides an experimental device of FRP rib durability under stretching stress and environment coupling effect. The experimental device comprises a pull-down plate (1), a positioning plate (7), a pull-up plate (2) positioned between the pull-down plate (1) and the positioning plate (7), four pull rods (3) penetrating through the pull-up plate (20) and arranged between the pull-down plate (1) and the positioning plate (7) through a positioning nut (4), a pair of universal spherical hinges (8) with threaded rods, a sample loading sleeve (10), a glass tube (13) and a temperature controller (15), wherein a thrust augmentation nut (5) is arranged at the bottom of the pull-up plate (2); a spring (6) is arranged between the pull-up plate (2) and the positioning plate (7); holes are respectively formed in the middle parts of the pull-down plate (1) and the pull-up plate (2); the pair of universal spherical hinges (8) with the threaded rods respectively penetrate through the holes in the middle parts of the pull-down plate (1) and the pull-up plate (2) and are connected with the sample loading sleeve (10); a stress sensor (9) is arranged between the universal spherical hinges (8) and the pull-down plate (1); the stress sensor (9) is connected with a data collector (16); the glass tube (13) is connected with the temperature controller (15). The experimental device is high in precision, adjustable in stress level, uniform in stress distribution during the process of applying load for a long time, good in continuity, convenient in temperature control and high in reliability.

Description

FRP muscle endurance quality experimental provision under drawing stress and environment coupled action
Technical field
The present invention relates to FRP muscle permanance research field, particularly a kind of FRP muscle multi-factors durability experimental technique and device under drawing stress and environment coupled action.
Background technology
Reinforced concrete structure is cheap because of it, and construction is simple, excellent performance widespread use civil engineering work, building and military project etc.But iron and steel resource is limited, and reinforced concrete structure faces steel bar corrosion problem in western salt lake, the South Sea and offshore engineering, has a strong impact on the service life of xoncrete structure.Fiber reinforcement polymer bar (Fiber Reinforced Polymer rebars, be called for short FRP muscle) has that tensile strength is high, light weight, the feature such as non-conductive, corrosion-resistant, and becomes the focus of engineering field research.
There is not the corrosion problem of reinforcing bar in FRP muscle; but due to FRP muscle many employings polymeric matrix; polymkeric substance easily occurs swellingly to destroy basal body structure with dissolving under hot humid, ocean salt environment, microbial environment and concrete alkali environment, reduces the protection to fiber.In addition, the skeleton structure of conventional reinforcing material glass fibre is Si-O tetrahedron, stripping and etching phenomenon easily occurs under strong alkali environment, and greatly reduces the mechanical property of FRP muscle.Therefore, Chinese scholars starts to FRP muscle at wet environment, and the endurance quality under the environment such as acid, alkali, salt and high temperature is studied.In engineering structure, environment and load act on FRP tendon concrete structure simultaneously, and load can cause FRP muscle surface crack, the diffusion of speeding-up ion.But the impact on FRP muscle endurance quality under the less consideration loading stress of existing research and environment coupled action, main cause is that the pulling strengrth of FRP muscle is high, and stress is difficult to realize with being coupled of environment.Research is had to adopt falling weight imposed load under FRP muscle, and single unit system is put into large environmental cabinet realization coupling, for the weight volume reaching stress level needs is large, and stress level is difficult to control under buoyancy, in addition, charger easily destroys under corrosion environment, and life cycle is short, cost is high, and precision is low.
Therefore, development FRP muscle endurance quality experimental provision under drawing stress and the effect of environment various factors coupling has important using value, for FRP muscle Study on Durability provides the experimental apparatus of science, promote the application of FRP muscle in engineering structure, prospect is very wide.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention is to for the deficiency in FRP muscle Study on Durability under existing drawing stress and environment coupled action, profit is spring-loaded, sensor technology and temperature control technology, a kind of experimental provision and the method that are applicable to study endurance quality under the effect that FRP muscle is coupled with salt, alkali, high/low temperature in drawing stress are provided, thus the endurance quality of FRP muscle is tested accurately and evaluated.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the invention provides FRP muscle endurance quality experimental provision under a kind of drawing stress and environment coupled action, comprise lower pulling plate (1), location-plate (7), be located at the upper arm-tie (2) between lower pulling plate (1) and location-plate (7), positioning screw cap (4) is utilized to be arranged at 4 pull bars (3) lower pulling plate (1) and location-plate (7) through upper arm-tie (2), be threaded the universal spherical joint (8) of bar, dress sample sleeve pipe (10), glass tube (13), temperature controller (15), described upper arm-tie (2) bottom is provided with afterburning nut (5), is provided with spring (6) between described upper arm-tie (2) and location-plate (7), the middle part of described lower pulling plate (1), upper arm-tie (2) is respectively equipped with perforate, and the universal spherical joint (8) being threaded bar for a pair is each passed through lower pulling plate (1), the middle part perforate of upper arm-tie (2) is connected with dress sample sleeve pipe (10), be provided with strain gauge (9) between universal spherical joint (8) and lower pulling plate (1), strain gauge (9) is connected with data acquisition unit (16), described glass tube (13) is connected with temperature controller (15).
As improvement, the temperature-control range of described temperature controller (15) is at-50 ~ 99 DEG C.
Improve as another kind, described glass tube (13) is plexi-glass tubular.
Improve as another kind, 4 pull bars (3) are uniformly distributed.
Present invention also offers one utilizes said apparatus to FRP muscle endurance performance testing method under drawing stress and environment coupled action, comprises the following steps:
(1) get FRP muscle sample 12, its two ends adopt threaded steel pipe 11 anchoring, and the middle part suit glass tube 13 of FRP muscle sample, bottom utilize rubber plug 14 and epoxide-resin glue sealing;
(2) according to specimen height, adjust the relative position of afterburning nut, upper arm-tie, location-plate and positioning screw cap, and utilize level meter to control upper arm-tie and location-plate level, FRP muscle sample good for anchoring is screwed in dress sample sleeve pipe;
(3), after pouring into corrosion simulation solution by the upper end of glass tube, upper port is covered with preservative film; Design temperature controller temperature;
(4) according to the stress level of setting, the afterburning nut of slow circumvolve applies axle center drawing stress to FRP muscle sample, keep pull-up plate level in afterburner process, utilize strain gauge and data acquisition unit Real-Time Monitoring STRESS VARIATION, be loaded on the stress level of setting; Every 15min gathers a subordinate load, when load level decline 5% time, adjust afterburning nut and return to virgin stress level;
(5) after the duration reaching setting, closing temperature controller, strain gauge, data acquisition unit; Shed load, take off FRP muscle sample; Adopt the pulling strengrth of MTS testing machine test FRP muscle sample, elastic modulus and limit tensile strain;
By residual strength f (t, T, a), elastic modulus loss percentage e (t, T, a) and residual strain energy H (t, T, a) to FRP muscle stretch and the effect of environment various factors coupling under endurance quality evaluate; Wherein, residual strength f (t, T, a), elastic modulus loss percentage e (t, T, a) and residual strain energy H (t, T, a) determined by formula (1)-(3):
Residual strength f (t, T, a), i.e. the ultimate tensile strength of FRP muscle sample and the ratio of the pulling strengrth of contrast FRP muscle sample after drawing stress and environment coupled action:
f ( t , T , a ) = P t , T , a P 0 × 100 % - - - ( 1 )
Elastic modulus loss percentage, namely after drawing stress and environment coupled action, elastic modulus and the difference of the elastic modulus of contrast FRP muscle of FRP muscle sample accounts for the percentage amounts of initial elastic modulus:
e ( t , T , a ) = E t , T , a - E 0 E 0 × 100 % - - - ( 2 )
Residual strain energy, i.e. the tensile stress strain curve integral area of FRP muscle sample and the integral area of the tensile stress-strain curve of contrast FRP muscle sample after drawing stress and environment coupled action:
H ( t , T , a ) = ∫ 0 ϵ l ( t , T , a ) f ( ϵ ) dϵ ∫ 0 ϵ l 0 f ( ϵ ) dϵ - - - ( 3 )
In formula, f (e) is the stress changing curve equation in FRP muscle tensile loads process.
Wherein, P 0for FRP muscle sample does not corrode front ultimate tensile strength, E 0for elastic modulus, ε l0for limit tensile strain; T is design temperature, and a is stress level, is P with the ultimate tensile strength of FRP muscle sample after simulated solution coupling to length of time t d t, T, a, elastic modulus is E t, T, abe ε with limit tensile strain l (t, T, a).
Preferably, described corrosion simulation solution is saturated aqua calcis, strong base solution, salt solusion or saline and alkaline composite solution.
Beneficial effect: apparatus of the present invention precision is high, and stress level is adjustable, in long-term load application process, stress distribution is even, and continuity is good, and temperature controls convenient, and reliability is high.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) test specimen is coaxially stressed, is conducive to the precision improving test.In order to ensure that applied pulling force is axle center tensile load, the present invention reduces from following two aspects or eliminates geometric eccentricity: 1) adopt screw thread weldless steel tube anchoring FRP muscle, utilize linear anchoring servicing unit to ensure the shaft core position at anchoring two ends; 2) upper and lower arm-tie and location-plate are by level meter level of control; 3) be provided with two universal spherical joints between upper and lower arm-tie, reduced by the rotation of universal spherical joint or eliminate eccentric.
(2) stress level is adjustable, and in long-term load application process, stress distribution is even.The present invention adopts 4 springs to load, strain gauge is installed between lower ball pivot and lower pulling plate, be connected with data acquisition system (DAS), the stress level of controlled loading, hold Real-Time Monitoring STRESS VARIATION in lotus process, once stress loss is more than 5%, then tightens the virgin stress value that afterburning nut makes it to recover setting simultaneously, overcome the large volume problem of weight charger.
(3) etchant solution is separated with charger, and acquisition precision is high, and reliability, continuity are good, save time.Etchant solution is fixed on the free segment of FRP muscle sample by plexi-glass tubular, not injury experiment charger, effectively prevent the problem of the loading frame burn into force thing stress instability by etchant solution affects caused because of solution effects.
(4) temperature controls conveniently, and reliability is high.The simulated solution temperature that the present invention's employing has refrigeration, the microcomputer temperature controller of heat-production functions controls to soak test specimen, temperature range is-50 DEG C ~ 99 DEG C, and control accuracy is high, convenient and reliable, and can study the endurance quality under FRP muscle high/low temperature, applicability is good.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of FRP muscle endurance quality experimental provision under drawing stress of the present invention and environment coupled action.
Fig. 2 is in the specific embodiment of the invention, 60 DEG C, the tensile stress-strain curve of GFRP muscle under 0.6 stress level and the coupling of pH=13.68 strong base solution.
Fig. 3 is in the specific embodiment of the invention, 60 DEG C, the drawing stress-Integrated strain curve of GFRP muscle under 0.6 stress level and the coupling of pH=13.68 strong base solution.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described.
FRP muscle endurance quality experimental provision under drawing stress and environment coupled action, see Fig. 1, comprise lower pulling plate 1, location-plate 7, be located at upper arm-tie 2 between lower pulling plate 1 and location-plate 7, utilize positioning screw cap 4 to be arranged at 4 pull bars 3 lower pulling plate 1 and location-plate 7, the universal spherical joint 8 being threaded bar, dress sample sleeve pipe 10, glass tube 13, temperature controller 15 through upper arm-tie 2; 4 pull bars 3 are uniformly distributed; Be provided with afterburning nut 5 bottom upper arm-tie 2, between upper arm-tie 2 and location-plate 7, be provided with spring 6; The middle part of lower pulling plate 1, upper arm-tie 2 is respectively equipped with perforate, and the universal spherical joint 8 being threaded bar for a pair is each passed through lower pulling plate 1, the middle part perforate of upper arm-tie 2 is connected with dress sample sleeve pipe 10; Be provided with strain gauge 9 between universal spherical joint 8 and lower pulling plate 1, strain gauge 9 is connected with data acquisition unit 16; Glass tube 13 is connected with temperature controller 15, and glass tube 13 is plexi-glass tubular; The temperature-control range of temperature controller 15 is at-50 ~ 99 DEG C.
Utilize said apparatus to test FRP muscle endurance quality under drawing stress and environment coupled action, comprise the following steps:
(1) according to testing requirements, intercept 12, the FRP muscle that length is 70 times of diameters, 2 as spare test piece, sample two ends are by the threaded weldless steel tube anchoring of surfaces externally and internally, outer diameter of steel pipes is 25mm, thick 3mm, and anchorage length is the FRP muscle diameter of 15 times, steel duct filling epoxy resin glue, FRP muscle is in the shaft core position of ground tackle to utilize linear anchoring servicing unit to ensure; 6 FRP muscle samples are for testing the pulling strengrth before corrosion, elastic modulus and limit tensile strain, and other 6 FRP muscle are for testing pulling strengrth, elastic modulus and limit tensile strain after drawing stress and environment coupled action.
(2) plexi-glass tubular is enclosed within the middle part (a section that can freely extend in drawing process, namely FRP muscle two ends adopt ground tackle anchoring, do not have the remaining free segment of anchoring) of FRP muscle sample, bottom utilizes rubber plug and epoxide-resin glue sealing.
(3) according to specimen height, adjust the position of afterburning nut, upper arm-tie, location-plate and upper end positioning screw cap, and utilize level meter to control upper arm-tie and location-plate level, FRP muscle sample good for anchoring is screwed in and fills sample sleeve pipe up and down.
(4) pour into corrosion simulation solution according to testing requirements by the upper port of glass tube, cover upper port with preservative film, the outside with glass tube fixed by temperature controller.Then according to the stress level of setting, the afterburning nut of slow circumvolve applies axle center drawing stress to FRP muscle sample, and keep pull-up plate level in afterburner process, the change of the acquisition system Real-Time Monitoring stress of strain gauge, is loaded on the stress level of setting.Gather a subordinate load by the every 15min of acquisition system, when load level decline 5% time, adjust afterburning nut and return to virgin stress level.
(5) reach the requirement of experiment duration, then closing temperature controller, strain gauge data acquisition system (DAS), sheds load, takes off FRP muscle sample.
Test the pulling strengrth of stress level of the same race and the lower 6 FRP muscle samples of environment coupled action, elastic modulus and limit tensile strain, ensure 5 valid data.By residual strength, elastic modulus loss percentage and residual strain energy are evaluated the endurance quality under the stretching of FRP muscle and the effect of environment various factors coupling, and it is defined as follows:
Residual strength f (t, T, a): the ultimate tensile strength of FRP muscle sample and the ratio of the pulling strengrth of contrast FRP muscle sample after drawing stress and environment coupled action.
f ( t , T , a ) = P t , T , a P 0 × 100 %
In formula, P t, T, afor stress level is a, temperature is soak the pulling strengrth mean value of FRP muscle after t d in the simulated solution of T; P 0for the pulling strengrth mean value of contrast FRP muscle.
Elastic modulus loss percentage: after drawing stress and environment coupled action, elastic modulus and the difference of the elastic modulus of contrast FRP muscle of FRP muscle sample accounts for the percentage amounts of initial elastic modulus.
e ( t , T , a ) = E t , T , a - E 0 E 0 × 100 %
In formula, E t, T, afor stress level is a, temperature is soak the elastic modulus mean value of FRP muscle after t d in the simulated solution of T; E 0for the elastic modulus mean value of contrast FRP muscle.
Residual strain energy: the tensile stress strain curve integral area of FRP muscle sample and the integral area of the tensile stress-strain curve of contrast FRP muscle sample after drawing stress and environment coupled action.
H ( t , T , a ) = ∫ 0 ϵ l ( t , T , a ) f ( ϵ ) dϵ ∫ 0 ϵ l 0 f ( ϵ ) dϵ
In formula, f (e) is the stress-change curve equation in FRP muscle tensile loads process; e l (t, T, a)for stress level is a, temperature is soak the limit tensile strain of FRP muscle after t d in the simulated solution of T; e l0for the limit tensile strain of contrast FRP muscle sample.
Below to 60 DEG C of temperature, under stress level 0.6, the coupling of pH=13.68 strong base solution, the endurance quality of GFRP muscle is tested:
The present embodiment muscle adopts Aslan 100 glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) muscle, and matrix is vinyl ester resin, and volume fraction is about 30%, and reinforcing material is E-glass fiber, and volume fraction is about 70%, and diameter is 10mm.Corrosion simulation solution is the strong base solution of pH=13.68, and solution composition is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 simulated solution composition (unit: g/L)
In the present embodiment, FRP muscle sample is long is 700mm, and often hold anchorage length to be 150mm, freedom length is 400mm, and stress level is 0.6.According to pull bar length, spring rate, dress sample casing diameter, FRP muscle specimen length L is 500 ~ 1500mm, diameter 6 ~ 16mm, tensile load are that 10 ~ 80kN all can realize object of the present invention.
Intercept 12 long be the GFRP muscle sample of 700mm, by sample two ends by the threaded weldless steel tube anchoring of surfaces externally and internally, outer diameter of steel pipes is 25mm, thick 3mm, anchorage length is 150mm, steel duct filling epoxy resin glue, GFRP muscle is in the shaft core position of ground tackle to utilize linear anchoring servicing unit to ensure.After last one end glue pours into 72h, wherein 6 GFRP muscle MTS 810 experimental machine carry out pulling strengrth test with reference to GB/T 228.1-2010 " metal material stretching test Part I: room temperature test method ", utilize extensometer collection stretching initial stage dependent variable, for calculating elastic modulus and correction limit tensile strain, ensure 5 effective fracture tensile strength data, otherwise increase sample quantities proceeds test.
According to the GFRP muscle pulling strengrth recorded, adopt proving installation of the present invention and experimental technique, 0.6 stress level (drawing stress/ultimate tensile strength of applying) is applied to test specimen, there is strain gauge Real-Time Monitoring, holding once stress loss is more than 5% in lotus process, then adjusting afterburning nut and return to virgin stress value.The temperature that controls environment is 60 DEG C, and the simulated solution of pH=13.68 is poured into plexi-glass tubular.Duration of test runs is 30d, pull down infuser device, unloading tensile load, take off sample, then use MTS 810 experimental machine to carry out pulling strengrth test with reference to GB/T228.1-2010 " metal material stretching test Part I: room temperature test method ", utilize extensometer collection stretching initial stage dependent variable, for calculating elastic modulus and correction limit tensile strain, ensure 5 effective fracture tensile strength data, otherwise increase sample quantities proceeds test.
Record the ultimate tensile strength of the GFRP muscle sample after stress and environment coupled action, elastic modulus and limit tensile strain, adopt residual strength, elastic modulus loss percentage and residual strain energy are evaluated, as shown in table 2, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 the endurance quality under the effect of FRP muscle stretching-environment various factors coupling.
GFRP muscle endurance quality after table 2 stress and environment coupled action

Claims (6)

1. a FRP muscle endurance quality experimental provision under drawing stress and environment coupled action, is characterized in that: comprise lower pulling plate (1), location-plate (7), be located at upper arm-tie (2) between lower pulling plate (1) and location-plate (7), utilize positioning screw cap (4) to be arranged at 4 pull bars (3) lower pulling plate (1) and location-plate (7), the universal spherical joint (8) being threaded bar, dress sample sleeve pipe (10), glass tube (13), temperature controller (15) through upper arm-tie (2); Described upper arm-tie (2) bottom is provided with afterburning nut (5), is provided with spring (6) between described upper arm-tie (2) and location-plate (7); The middle part of described lower pulling plate (1), upper arm-tie (2) is respectively equipped with perforate, and the universal spherical joint (8) being threaded bar for a pair is each passed through lower pulling plate (1), the middle part perforate of upper arm-tie (2) is connected with dress sample sleeve pipe (10); Be provided with strain gauge (9) between universal spherical joint (8) and lower pulling plate (1), strain gauge (9) is connected with data acquisition unit (16); Described glass tube (13) is connected with temperature controller (15).
2. FRP muscle endurance quality experimental provision under a kind of drawing stress according to claim 1 and environment coupled action, is characterized in that: the temperature-control range of described temperature controller (15) is at-50 ~ 99 DEG C.
3. FRP muscle endurance quality experimental provision under a kind of drawing stress according to claim 1 and environment coupled action, is characterized in that: described glass tube (13) is plexi-glass tubular.
4. FRP muscle endurance quality experimental provision under a kind of drawing stress according to claim 1 and environment coupled action, is characterized in that: 4 pull bars (3) are uniformly distributed.
5. utilize device described in any one of claim 1 to 4 to a FRP muscle endurance performance testing method under drawing stress and environment coupled action, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) get FRP muscle sample, its two ends adopt threaded steel pipe anchoring, and the middle part suit glass tube of FRP muscle sample, bottom utilize rubber plug and epoxide-resin glue sealing;
(2) according to specimen height, adjust the relative position of afterburning nut, upper arm-tie, location-plate and positioning screw cap, and utilize level meter to control upper arm-tie and location-plate level, FRP muscle sample good for anchoring is screwed in dress sample sleeve pipe;
(3), after pouring into corrosion simulation solution by the upper end of glass tube, upper port is covered with preservative film; Design temperature controller temperature;
(4) according to the stress level of setting, the afterburning nut of slow circumvolve applies axle center drawing stress to FRP muscle sample, keep pull-up plate level in afterburner process, utilize strain gauge and data acquisition unit Real-Time Monitoring STRESS VARIATION, be loaded on the stress level of setting; Every 15min gathers a subordinate load, when load level decline 5% time, adjust afterburning nut and return to virgin stress level;
(5) after the duration reaching setting, closing temperature controller, strain gauge, data acquisition unit; Shed load, take off FRP muscle sample; Adopt the pulling strengrth of MTS testing machine test FRP muscle sample, elastic modulus and limit tensile strain;
By residual strength f (t, T, a), elastic modulus loss percentage e (t, T, a) and residual strain energy H (t, T, a) to FRP muscle stretch and the effect of environment various factors coupling under endurance quality evaluate; Wherein, residual strength f (t, T, a), elastic modulus loss percentage e (t, T, a) and residual strain energy H (t, T, a) determined by formula (1)-(3):
Residual strength f (t, T, a), i.e. the ultimate tensile strength of FRP muscle sample and the ratio of the pulling strengrth of contrast FRP muscle sample after drawing stress and environment coupled action:
f ( t , T , a ) = P t , T , a P 0 × 100 % - - - ( 1 )
Elastic modulus loss percentage, namely after drawing stress and environment coupled action, elastic modulus and the difference of the elastic modulus of contrast FRP muscle of FRP muscle sample accounts for the percentage amounts of initial elastic modulus:
e ( t , T , a ) = E t , T , a - E 0 E 0 × 100 % - - - ( 2 )
Residual strain energy, i.e. the tensile stress strain curve integral area of FRP muscle sample and the integral area of the tensile stress-strain curve of contrast FRP muscle sample after drawing stress and environment coupled action:
H ( t , T , a ) = ∫ 0 ϵ l ( t , T , a ) f ( ϵ ) dϵ ∫ 0 ϵ l 0 f ( ϵ ) dϵ - - - ( 3 )
In formula, f (ε) is the stress changing curve equation in FRP muscle tensile loads process.
Wherein, P 0for FRP muscle sample does not corrode front ultimate tensile strength, E 0for elastic modulus, ε l0for limit tensile strain; T is design temperature, and a is stress level, is P with the ultimate tensile strength of FRP muscle sample after simulated solution coupling to length of time td t, T, a, elastic modulus is E t, T, abe ε with limit tensile strain l (t, T, a).
6. device according to claim 5 is to FRP muscle endurance performance testing method under drawing stress and environment coupled action, it is characterized in that: corrosion simulation solution is saturated aqua calcis, strong base solution, salt solusion or saline and alkaline composite solution.
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