CN104791843B - Cold-state prefiring gas replacement operation method of full gas fired boiler - Google Patents
Cold-state prefiring gas replacement operation method of full gas fired boiler Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cold-state prefiring gas replacement operation method of a full gas fired boiler, and belongs to the field of gas boilers. The method comprises the following main steps that 1, a front-and-back lower layer coke oven gas burning torch carries out firing; 2, it is checked and confirmed that hydraulic valves and a blast-furnace gas valve are in the closed state; 3, a manual blow off valve and one hydraulic valve are opened, the flow of adjusting valves is adjusted to 50 percent, and preparations are made for nitrogen cleaning replacement; 4, a nitrogen valve is opened; 5, a sampling valve is opened, and samples are taken for laboratory testing till the content of nitrogen is qualified; 6, the nitrogen is replaced with blast-furnace gas; 7, the manual blow off valve is closed; 8, the hydraulic valves are opened, the adjusting valves are adjusted, and blast-furnace gas firing succeeds. The problems that in the prior art, a replacement method is large in danger and long in starting time are solved, the gas testing step is omitted, the time spent on blowing replacement is shortened, the blast-furnace gas blowing replacement operation step is simplified, and replacement efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas boiler field, more particularly, it relates to coal gas before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark
Replacement operator method.
Background technology
The high efficiente callback of blast furnace in metallurgical industry coal gas is utilized, and is just progressively becoming new benefit growth point, and full burning gas boiler is sent out
Group of motors is widely used with the advantage of its energy-saving and environmental protection.In view of blast furnace gas is inflammable, explosive, easy poisoning physical characteristic
And effect on environment it is big the characteristics of, country promulgates to be had special " GB6222-2005 industrial enterprise gas safety norm standard ", real
Border is formulated all very with caution, respectively using Zhong Ge enterprises enterprises standard, such as " gas safety operational procedure ", to coal gas
Safety work give specification and guidance.
At present country's gas boiler combustor arrangement form has two kinds of forms:Front-back wall arranges and corner arrangement, no matter what
Arrangement is planted, at least one layer burner centre has burning torch as flame on duty.In industry, according to " GB6222-2005 " specification
Require, full burning gas boiler startup stage, before lighting up procedure is carried out, blast furnace gas system must twice be purged and changed
Test, ignition operation can be carried out after result of laboratory test is qualified.Twice purging is respectively with chemical examination:(1) nitrogen displacement pipe-line system is used
Interior air, until nitrogen content chemical examination is qualified;(2) nitrogen in blast furnace gas displacement pipe-line system, until blast furnace gas contains
Quantization tests qualified, and boiler can start igniting.For step (2), for blast furnace gas hour consumption is in 10 ten thousand steres
More than boiler, at diffusion mouth at least two, its bore be typically larger than DN80mm, and replace, diffuse the time 0.5 hour with
On.Based on above-mentioned factor, in the operating process of step (2) production scene often occur gas concentration reach alarming value with
On, unavoidably becoming dangerous matter sources (point), more serious situation can occur gas poisoning, cause personal injury;Additionally, should
Operating process also extends the boiler ignition start time, causes the wasting of resources.
Chinese invention patent, Authorization Notice No.:The B of CN 101792831, authorized announcement date:2011.08.31, one is disclosed
The automatic blowing method of nitrogen replaced with gas in blast furnace gas energy recovery system pipe network is planted, the method adopts Programmable Logic Controller
What PLC or Distributed Control System DCS were configured to the automatic blowing of nitrogen replaced with gas in blast furnace gas energy recovery system pipe network
Each unit is controlled, suitable according to the automatic blowing flow process of the present invention by programmable controller PLC or Distributed Control System DCS
Sequence, is monitored to relevant device and controls one by one, is finally completed to replaced with gas in blast furnace gas energy recovery system pipe network
The automatic blowing function of nitrogen.The invention is used in blast furnace gas energy recovery system pipe network, remote with coal gas replacement nitrogen
Journey automatic blowing function, and with reducing user's operation cost and the characteristics of Personal Risk.Its weak point is that the program is setting
Timing need to increase control system so that cost increases, and need to increase a number of electric control valve and in production run process
In have very high requirement to the tightness of valve, in case nitrogen or gas leak.
Chinese invention patent, application number 201410007331.8, applying date 2014.01.06 discloses a kind of continuous annealing
The Ignition method of stove, comprises the following steps:1) to NOF stoves, RTF stoves, SF stoves, RJC stove leak tests, pipeline leak test;2) confirm
The each valve closing of pipeline and stokehold, zero valve are closed;3) the valve blind plate of nitrogen zero is extracted first, each valve of pipeline is opened successively;4) it is right
Oxygen content is measured in stove;5) valve of nitrogen zero and each valve of gaspipe line pipeline are opened successively;6) nitrogen purging coal gas is closed
The valve of pipeline, blocks up nitrogen purging coal gas blind plate;7) detonation test is done after coal gas replacement;8) stokehold igniting will be opened burner one by one
Open, one by one burner igniting.The beneficial effect of the invention is:It is effectively prevented and is not caused because valve leaks or blind plate are tight etc.
Gas leak, the gas leak caused during annealing furnace furnace lifting is thoroughly avoided from mistake proofing angle in stove, in addition blast
Etc. hidden danger, it is ensured that be protective atmosphere in the safety and stove of furnace lifting.Its weak point is that the invention is for continuous annealing furnace
Ignition method description, for coal gas replacement operation, in step 5) and step 6) in, independent of nitrogen purge and coal
Stress control in gas purge, according to《GB6222-2005 industrial enterprise gas safety norm standard》, to pipeline internal pressure
Power is distinctly claimed, and keeps suitable pipeline pressure to produce beneficial to industry security, control of the invention with regard to each valve opening degree
System is without detailed description.
The content of the invention
1. the invention technical problem to be solved
Dangerous big, the starting time length existed for method of replacing in prior art and the problem of waste of resource, this
It is bright there is provided coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark, it is therefore an objective to optimize blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen
Operation, reduce the consumption of blast furnace gas and nitrogen, reduce coal gas diffusion effect on environment, shorten the boiler startup time, drop
Low cost, improves the performance of enterprises.
2. technical scheme
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention is provided is:
Coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark, its step is:
(A) igniting of coke-stove gas burning torch, is opened;
(B) the first hydraulic valve, the second hydraulic valve, the 3rd hydraulic valve, the 4th hydraulic valve, blast furnace gas valve, are reviewed and validate
It is closed;
(C), manual diffusion valve and the 5th hydraulic valve are opened, and the first regulating valve I, the first regulating valve II, first is adjusted
Valve III and the first regulating valve IV are opened and flow is adjusted to 50%, is that nitrogen purge displacement is prepared;
(D), open nitrogen valve, nitrogen is passed through in blast furnace gas pipeline purged, displaced air, control pressure exists
More than 0.7kPa;
(E) sampling valve, sample examination, are opened, until nitrogen content is up to more than 98%;
(F), blast furnace gas valve is slowly opened, carries out blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen, slowly closing nitrogen valve, the first regulating valve
I, the first regulating valve II, the first regulating valve III and the first regulating valve IV;
(G), in pipeline mixture pressure and suitable gas pressure, manual diffusion valve is closed, purges end-of-job;
(H), the second hydraulic valve and the 4th hydraulic valve are opened, adjust the flow of the first regulating valve II and the first regulating valve IV to
5%, blast furnace gas promotes nitrogen to flow along pipeline, and blast furnace gas gradually catches fire normally, lights a fire successfully.
Preferably, the sample of more than three diverse locations is taken during nitrogen sample examination in described step (E), and
It is qualified when each position sample nitrogen content is all higher than 98%, chemically examines the equipment for adopting for portable oxygen scale, assay method
It is to analyze from direct sample at three different sampling valves.
Preferably, the pipeline mixture pressure and gas pressure suitable duration is 4-6 in described step (G)
Minute.
Preferably, described manual diffusion valve is arranged on the end of pipeline, and blind segment length is not more than 0.5 meter.
Preferably, in described step (F), the nitrogen pressure in pipeline is remained after blast furnace gas replaces nitrogen
More than 0.7kPa.
Preferably, in described step (F), after blast furnace gas introduces pipeline, pipeline internal gas pressure, pipeline are observed
Pressure is closed nitrogen valve, the first regulating valve I, the first regulating valve II, the first regulating valve III and first in 2kPa, progressively and is adjusted
Valve IV, till completely closing.
Preferably, the coke-stove gas burning torch in the step (A) is all lighted, and its purpose is to guarantee that coal gas is conveyed
During safety.
3. beneficial effect
The technical scheme provided using the present invention, compared with prior art, with following remarkable result:
(1) in step (G) of the invention, when the gas pressure of pipeline mixture pressure and gas generator is suitable,
Duration is 4-6 minutes, closes manual diffusion valve, purges end-of-job, eliminates coal gas assay step, shortens purging and puts
The required time is changed, shortens the boiler ignition start time, simplify blast furnace gas purging replacement operator step, improve coal gas
The efficiency of displacement;
(2) in step (A) of the invention, the igniting of coke-stove gas burning torch is opened, after coke-stove gas burning torch is all lighted
Turn on the gas-fire again valve, prevents the fuel gas during supplying gas from exploding into burner hearth, improves the security of operating process,
Reduce the probability of risk generation;
(3) present invention is provided with diffusion valve, increased nitrogen assay step, and nitrogen content is up to more than 98%, then carries out coal
Gas replaces the operation of nitrogen, reduces the impact that coal gas diffusion is produced to environment;
(4) present invention optimization blast furnace gas replaces the operation of nitrogen, reduces the consumption of blast furnace gas and nitrogen, reduces coal
Gas diffuses effect on environment, shortens the boiler startup time, and reduces cost improves the performance of enterprises.
Description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is boiler pipe schematic diagram of the invention.
Label declaration in schematic diagram:
1st, the first hydraulic valve;2nd, the second hydraulic valve;3rd, the 3rd hydraulic valve;4th, the 4th hydraulic valve;5th, blast furnace gas valve;6th,
Five hydraulic valves;7th, the first regulating valve I;8th, the first regulating valve II;9th, the first regulating valve III;10th, the first regulating valve IV;11st, sample
Valve;12nd, manual diffusion valve;13rd, coke-oven coal air valve;14th, nitrogen valve;15th, coke-stove gas burning torch.
Specific embodiment
To further appreciate that present disclosure, with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
By taking the full burning gas boilers of the 400t/h of certain steel as an example, blast furnace gas is a kind of toxic gas, once reveal aggregation meeting
Cause poisoning, or even explosion accident, therefore the induction system and combustion apparatus of blast furnace gas etc. requires strict sealing.Blast furnace gas
Concentration of catching fire under normal temperature and pressure is 35%-71%, there is the possibility of blast within this range, so in general provision conveyance conduit
Oxygen concentration be less than 5%.
Boiler capacity:400t/h, hot blast temperature:380 DEG C, superheated steam pressure:13.7MPa, air temperature:20
DEG C, superheat steam temperature:540 DEG C, exhaust gas temperature:143 DEG C, feed temperature:238 DEG C, the boiler design thermal efficiency:88.14%, pot
The fuel of stove:Blast furnace gas.In pipeline each part annexation as shown in figure 1, before cold state spark is carried out to boiler coal gas
Before the operation of displacement, it is to be ensured that other positions are in a safe condition, coal gas replacement behaviour before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark
Make method, its step is:
(A), open coke-stove gas burning torch 15 to light a fire;Coke-stove gas burning torch 15 is all lighted, and be its purpose is to really
The safety protected in coal gas course of conveying.
(B) the first hydraulic valve 1, the second hydraulic valve 2, the 3rd hydraulic valve 3, the 4th hydraulic valve 4, blast furnace coal, are reviewed and validate
Air valve 5 is closed;
(C), open the manual hydraulic valve 6 of diffusion valve 12 and the 5th, and by the first regulating valve I7, the first regulating valve II8, first
Regulating valve III9 and the first regulating valve IV10 are opened and flow is adjusted to 50%, is that nitrogen purge displacement is prepared;Described is manual
Diffusion valve 12 is arranged on the end of pipeline, and blind segment length is not more than 0.5 meter.According to《GB6222-2005 industrial enterprises gas safety
Code》7.3.1.1, before gas fittings and pipeline partition apparatus, a sluice valve is by gas main before and after grid partition apparatus
In 0.5m, exhaust stack can not be set, but during more than 0.5m, deflation head should be set.
(D), open nitrogen valve 14, nitrogen is passed through in blast furnace gas pipeline purged, displaced air, control pressure exists
More than 0.7kPa;By pressure gauge observed pressure, using method be come regulation pipe by adjustment rectification campaign plate or valve opening degree
Road pressure.
(E), sampling valve 11, sample examination, until nitrogen content during nitrogen sample examination, takes three up to more than 98% are opened
The sample of individual above diverse location, and be qualified when each position sample nitrogen content is all higher than 98%, what chemical examination was adopted sets
Standby is portable oxygen scale, and assay method is to analyze from direct sample at three different sampling valves 11, and sampling should be representative;
(F) it is, slow to open blast furnace gas valve 5, blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen is carried out, slowly closing nitrogen valve 14, first is adjusted
Section valve I7, the first regulating valve II8, the first regulating valve III9 and the first regulating valve IV10;To begin after blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen
The nitrogen pressure in pipeline is kept to be more than 0.7kPa eventually.After blast furnace gas introduces pipeline, pipeline internal gas pressure, pipe are observed
Road pressure closes nitrogen valve 14, the first regulating valve I7, the first regulating valve II8, the first regulating valve III9 and the in 2kPa, progressively
One regulating valve IV10, till completely closing.
(G), when the gas pressure of pipeline mixture pressure and gas generator is suitable, the duration is 4-6 minutes,
Manual diffusion valve 12 is closed, end-of-job is purged, the coal of pipeline mixture pressure and gas generator is judged by pressure gauge
Atmospheric pressure is suitable;
(H), the second hydraulic valve 2 of unlatching and the 4th hydraulic valve 4, the first regulating valve II8 of regulation and the first regulating valve IV10
To 5%, blast furnace gas promotes nitrogen to flow along pipeline to flow, and blast furnace gas gradually catches fire normally, lights a fire successfully.
Embodiment 2
By taking certain steel HTHP global natural disasters as an example, rated capacity:220t/h, superheater outlet temperature:
540 DEG C, superheater outlet pressure:9.81Mpa, feed temperature:220 DEG C, continuous blowdown system of boiler rate:< 3%, cold wind temperature:20
DEG C, gas inlet temperature:20℃.The fuel of boiler:Coke-stove gas and blast furnace gas.
Non-combustible composition in due to blast furnace gas is more, and its theoretical temperature combustion is relatively low, only l250 DEG C~1300 DEG C,
Be coal theoretical temperature combustion 60% or so, its flame kernel temperature is low, and chemical reaction velocity is slow, therefore when boiler is designed
Being considered as blast furnace gas needs enough tail-off times, also to solve that combustion flame is unstable, be also easy to produce pulsation, easily de- fire etc.
Problem, the ignition temperature of blast furnace gas is higher, is (530~660) DEG C, therefore the boiler of the blast furnace gas that burns generally should be adopted
The higher igniter fuel of other calorific values (natural gas or coke-stove gas), blast furnace gas combustion is gas gas single-phase combustion, once tool
For catching fire and surely firing condition, burning is just very fast, and torch is very short, the CO and H in blast furnace gas2For inflammable and explosive gas
Body, CO is toxic gas, and the aerial explosible limit concentration of blast furnace gas is 35%~71%, therefore the safety of blast furnace gas
Stable burning is also very important.
Blast furnace gas burner is bispin flow pattern, and burner is that front-back wall is arranged, 3 layers of front wall collocation, and rear wall paper puts 2 layers,
4 burners of per layer of arrangement, 20 altogether, this method for arranging is relatively flexible, and the front-back wall burner number of plies need not be identical, and
The burner of other gases can be increased according to the actual conditions of steel mill.Wherein, 2 in the middle of front wall upper strata are coke-stove gas combustion
Burner, remaining 18 are blast furnace gas burner, and 2 in the middle of front wall upper strata coke oven gas burner is equipped with coke-stove gas
Burning torch 15.In order to ensure combustion completion, it is furnished with flame detecting device on every burner.Further, since coal gas is a kind of bad
Matter gaseous fuel, in order to the stability for ensureing to burn, hearth combustor area and furnace bottom are covered with wall with refractory lining, refracto, to ensure boiler at low load
When stable burning.
In pipeline each part annexation as shown in figure 1, before cold state spark is carried out to boiler coal gas replacement operation
Before, first have to guarantee that other positions are in a safe condition, then pass to air and the fuel gas in boiler is purged clean, one kind
Coal gas replacement method of operating before full burning gas boiler cold state spark, its step is:
(A), open coke-stove gas burning torch 15 to light a fire;Coke-stove gas burning torch 15 is all lighted, and be its purpose is to really
The safety protected in coal gas course of conveying;
(B) the first hydraulic valve 1, the second hydraulic valve 2, the 3rd hydraulic valve 3, the 4th hydraulic valve 4, blast furnace coal, are reviewed and validate
Air valve 5 is closed;
(C), open the manual hydraulic valve 6 of diffusion valve 12 and the 5th, and by the first regulating valve I7, the first regulating valve II8, first
Regulating valve III9 and the first regulating valve IV10 are opened and flow is adjusted to 50%, is that nitrogen purge displacement is prepared;Described is manual
Diffusion valve 12 is arranged on the end of pipeline, and blind segment length is not more than 0.5 meter.According to《GB6222-2005 industrial enterprises gas safety
Code》7.3.1.1, before gas fittings and pipeline partition apparatus, a sluice valve is by gas main before and after grid partition apparatus
In 0.5m, exhaust stack can not be set, but during more than 0.5m, deflation head should be set;
(D), open nitrogen valve 14, nitrogen is passed through in blast furnace gas pipeline purged, displaced air, control pressure exists
More than 0.7kPa;By pressure gauge observed pressure, using method be rectification campaign plate or valve opening degree adjusting pipeline pressure.
(E) sampling valve 11, sample examination, are opened, until nitrogen content is up to more than 98%;During nitrogen sample examination, three are taken
The sample of individual above diverse location, and be qualified when each position sample nitrogen content is all higher than 98%, what chemical examination was adopted sets
Standby is portable oxygen scale, and assay method is to analyze from direct sample at three different sampling valves 11, and sampling should be representative;
(F) it is, slow to open coke-oven coal air valve 13, coke-stove gas displacement nitrogen is carried out, slowly closing nitrogen valve 14, first is adjusted
Section valve I7, the first regulating valve II8, the first regulating valve III9 and the first regulating valve IV10;To begin after coke-stove gas displacement nitrogen
The nitrogen pressure in pipeline is kept to be more than 0.7kPa eventually.After coke-stove gas introduces pipeline, pipeline internal gas pressure, pipe are observed
Road pressure closes nitrogen valve 14, the first regulating valve I7, the first regulating valve II8, the first regulating valve III9 and the in 2kPa, progressively
One regulating valve IV10, till completely closing;
(G), in pipeline mixture pressure and suitable coke-stove gas pressure, the duration is 4-6 minutes, is closed manual
Diffusion valve (12), purges end-of-job;Judge that mixture pressure and coke-stove gas pressure are suitable by pressure gauge;
(H), the second hydraulic valve 2 of unlatching and the 4th hydraulic valve 4, the first regulating valve II8 of regulation and the first regulating valve IV10
To 5%, coke-stove gas promotes nitrogen to flow along pipeline to flow, and coke-stove gas gradually catches fire normally;
(I), coke-stove gas flameholding, when burner hearth middle portion temperature reaches more than 600 DEG C, puts into blast furnace gas, while
Start flame protection system, it is slow to open blast furnace gas valve 5, carry out blast furnace gas displacement coke-stove gas, blast furnace gas is gradually
It is fiery normal, light a fire successfully.
Claims (7)
1. coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark, its step is:
(A) coke-stove gas burning torch (15) igniting, is opened;
(B) the first hydraulic valve (1), the second hydraulic valve (2), the 3rd hydraulic valve (3), the 4th hydraulic valve (4), height, are reviewed and validate
Producer gas valve (5) is closed;
(C), manual diffusion valve (12) and the 5th hydraulic valve (6) are opened, and by the first regulating valve I (7), the first regulating valve II (8),
First regulating valve III (9) and the first regulating valve IV (10) are opened and flow is adjusted to 50%, is that nitrogen purge displacement is prepared;
(D), open nitrogen valve (14), nitrogen is passed through in blast furnace gas pipeline purged, displaced air, control pressure exists
More than 0.7kPa;
(E) sampling valve (11), sample examination, are opened, until nitrogen content is up to more than 98%;
(F), blast furnace gas valve (5) is slowly opened, carries out blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen, slowly closing nitrogen valve (14), first are adjusted
Section valve I (7), the first regulating valve II (8), the first regulating valve III (9) and the first regulating valve IV (10);
(G), in pipeline mixture pressure and suitable gas pressure, manual diffusion valve (12) is closed, purges end-of-job;
(H), the second hydraulic valve (2) and the 4th hydraulic valve (4) are opened, adjusts the first regulating valve II (8) and the first regulating valve IV
(10) to 5%, blast furnace gas promotes nitrogen to flow along pipeline to flow, and blast furnace gas gradually catches fire normally, lights a fire successfully.
2. coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:In described step (E) during nitrogen sample examination, the sample of more than three diverse locations is taken, and when each position sample
It is qualified that product nitrogen content is all higher than 98%, chemically examines the equipment for adopting for portable oxygen scale, and assay method is from three differences
Sampling valve (11) place direct sample analysis.
3. coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark according to claim 1 and 2, its feature
It is:The pipeline mixture pressure and gas pressure suitable duration is 4-6 minutes in described step (G).
4. coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:Described manual diffusion valve (12) is arranged on the end of pipeline, and blind segment length is not more than 0.5 meter.
5. coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark according to claim 1 or 4, its feature
It is:In described step (F), to remain that the nitrogen pressure in pipeline is more than after blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen
0.7kPa。
6. coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:In described step (F), after blast furnace gas introduces pipeline, pipeline internal gas pressure is observed, pipeline pressure is in 2kPa
When, progressively close nitrogen valve (14), the first regulating valve I (7), the first regulating valve II (8), the first regulating valve III (9) and first and adjust
Section valve IV (10), till completely closing.
7. coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark according to claim 1 or 4, its feature
It is:Coke-stove gas burning torch (15) in the step (A) is all lighted.
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US6514879B2 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2003-02-04 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for dry/catalytic-wet steam oxidation of silicon |
CN101792831B (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-08-31 | 西安陕鼓动力股份有限公司 | Automatic sweeping method for nitrogen replaced with gas in blast furnace gas energy recovery system pipe network |
CN102297590A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Heating furnace ignition method |
CN202382259U (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-08-15 | 北京佰能电气技术有限公司 | Raw coke oven gas ignition diffusing control device |
CN103710524A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-04-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Ignition furnace-starting method of continuous annealing furnace |
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