CN104791843A - Cold-state prefiring gas replacement operation method of full gas fired boiler - Google Patents
Cold-state prefiring gas replacement operation method of full gas fired boiler Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cold-state prefiring gas replacement operation method of a full gas fired boiler, and belongs to the field of gas boilers. The method comprises the following main steps that 1, a front-and-back lower layer coke oven gas burning torch carries out firing; 2, it is checked and confirmed that hydraulic valves and a blast-furnace gas valve are in the closed state; 3, a manual blow off valve and one hydraulic valve are opened, the flow of adjusting valves is adjusted to 50 percent, and preparations are made for nitrogen cleaning replacement; 4, a nitrogen valve is opened; 5, a sampling valve is opened, and samples are taken for laboratory testing till the content of nitrogen is qualified; 6, the nitrogen is replaced with blast-furnace gas; 7, the manual blow off valve is closed; 8, the hydraulic valves are opened, the adjusting valves are adjusted, and blast-furnace gas firing succeeds. The problems that in the prior art, a replacement method is large in danger and long in starting time are solved, the gas testing step is omitted, the time spent on blowing replacement is shortened, the blast-furnace gas blowing replacement operation step is simplified, and replacement efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas boiler field, more particularly, relate to coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark.
Background technology
The high efficiente callback of blast furnace in metallurgical industry coal gas utilizes, and just progressively become new benefit growth point, full burning gas boiler generating set is widely used with the advantage of its energy-saving and environmental protection.Inflammable, explosive in view of blast furnace gas, easily poisoning physical characteristic and the feature large to ambient influnence, country promulgates there is special project " GB6222-2005 industrial enterprise gas safety norm standard ", practical application Zhong Ge enterprise is all very careful, formulate respectively and have enterprises standard, as " gas safety operational procedure " etc., specification and guidance are given to the safety work of coal gas.
Current domestic gas boiler combustor arrangement form has two kinds of forms: front-back wall is arranged and corner is arranged, no matter which kind of is arranged, has at least one deck burner centre to have burning torch as flame on duty.In industry, according to " GB6222-2005 " code requirement, the startup stage of full burning gas boiler, before lighting up procedure carries out, blast furnace gas system must carry out twice purging and chemical examination, can carry out ignition operation after result of laboratory test is qualified.Twice purging and chemical examination are respectively: (1) replaces the air in pipe-line system with nitrogen, until nitrogen content chemical examination is qualified; (2) nitrogen in blast furnace gas displacement pipe-line system, until the chemical examination of blast furnace gas content is qualified, boiler can start igniting.With regard to step (2), for the boiler of blast furnace gas hour consumption more than 10 ten thousand steres, diffusion mouth has two places at least, its bore is greater than DN80mm usually, and displacement, the time of diffusing is more than 0.5 hour.Based on above-mentioned factor, in the operating process of step (2), production scene often occurs that gas concentration reaches more than alarming value, unavoidably become dangerous matter sources (point), can there is gas poisoning in more serious situation, cause personal injury; In addition, this operating process also extends the boiler ignition start time, causes the wasting of resources.
Chinese invention patent, Authorization Notice No.: CN 101792831B, authorized announcement date: 2011.08.31, disclose a kind of automatic blowing method of nitrogen replaced with gas in blast furnace gas energy recovery system pipe network, the method adopts programmable controller PLC or Distributed Control System DCS to control each unit that the automatic blowing of nitrogen replaced with gas in blast furnace gas energy recovery system pipe network configures, by programmable controller PLC or Distributed Control System DCS according to automatic blowing flow sequence of the present invention, one by one relevant device monitored and control, finally complete the automatic blowing function to nitrogen replaced with gas in blast furnace gas energy recovery system pipe network.This invention is used in blast furnace gas energy recovery system pipe network, has coal gas replacement nitrogen remote auto and purge function, and have the advantages that to reduce user's operation cost and Personal Risk.Its weak point is, the program need increase control system when designing, and cost is increased, need increase the electric control valve of some and have very high requirement to the tightness of valve in production run process, in case nitrogen or gas leak.
Chinese invention patent, application number 201410007331.8, applying date 2014.01.06, discloses a kind of Ignition method of continuous annealing furnace, comprises the following steps: 1) to NOF stove, RTF stove, SF stove, RJC stove leak test, pipeline leak test; 2) confirm that pipeline and each valve closing in stokehold, zero valve are closed; 3) first extract nitrogen zero valve blind plate, open each valve of pipeline successively; 4) oxygen content in stove is measured; 5) nitrogen zero valve and each valve of gaspipe line pipeline is opened successively; 6) close the valve that nitrogen purges gaspipe line, stifled nitrogen purges coal gas blind plate; 7) detonation test is done after coal gas replacement; 8) stokehold igniting will be opened by burner one by one, burner igniting one by one.This beneficial effect of the invention is: effectively prevent the gas leak caused because valve leaks or blind plate are tight etc.; the gas leak that causes annealing furnace furnace lifting process is thoroughly avoided in stove from mistake proofing angle; the even hidden danger such as blast, ensure that in the safety of furnace lifting and stove be protective atmosphere.Its weak point is, this invention is the description of the Ignition method for continuous annealing furnace, coal gas replacement is operated, in step 5) and step 6) in, the Stress control all had nothing to do in nitrogen purging and coal gas purge, according to " GB6222-2005 industrial enterprise gas safety norm standard ", explicitly calls for manifold pressure, keep suitable pipeline pressure be beneficial to industry security produce, this invention about each valve opening degree control all without describe in detail.
Summary of the invention
1. invent the technical problem that will solve
The danger existed for method of replacing in prior art is large, start-up time long and the problem of waste resource, the invention provides coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark, object optimizes the operation of blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen, reduce the consumption of blast furnace gas and nitrogen, reduce coal gas diffusion to ambient influnence, shorten the boiler startup time, reduce costs, improve the performance of enterprises.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark, the steps include:
(A) igniting of coke-stove gas burning torch, is opened;
(B), review and validate the first hydraulic valve, the second hydraulic valve, the 3rd hydraulic valve, the 4th hydraulic valve, blast furnace gas valve be in closed condition;
(C), manual diffusion valve and the 5th hydraulic valve is opened, and by the first control valve I, the first control valve II, the first control valve III with the first control valve IV opens and flow is adjusted to 50%, for nitrogen purge displacement is prepared;
(D), open nitrogen valve, nitrogen is passed in blast furnace gas pipeline carry out purging, displaced air, controlled pressure is at more than 0.7kPa;
(E), sample valve is opened, sample examination, until nitrogen content reaches more than 98%;
(F), slowly open blast furnace gas valve, carry out blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen, slowly closing nitrogen valve, the first control valve I, the first control valve II, the first control valve III and the first control valve IV;
(G), when pipeline mixture pressure is suitable with gas pressure, close manual diffusion valve, purge end-of-job;
(H), open the second hydraulic valve and the 4th hydraulic valve, regulate the flow to 5% of the first control valve II and the first control valve IV, blast furnace gas promotes nitrogen along Flows, and blast furnace gas catches fire normally gradually, lights a fire successfully.
Preferably, in described step (E) during nitrogen sample examination, get the sample of more than three diverse locations, and when each position sample nitrogen content is all greater than 98% for qualified, the equipment that chemical examination adopts is portable oxygen scale, and assay method is from three different sample valve direct sample analyses.
Preferably, the duration that pipeline mixture pressure is suitable with gas pressure in described step (G) is 4-6 minute.
Preferably, described manual diffusion valve is arranged on the end of pipeline, and blind segment length is not more than 0.5 meter.
Preferably, in described step (F), to remain that the nitrogen pressure in pipeline is greater than 0.7kPa after blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen.
Preferably, in described step (F), after blast furnace gas introduces pipeline, observe pipeline internal gas pressure, pipeline pressure is when 2kPa, progressively close nitrogen valve, the first control valve I, the first control valve II, the first control valve III and the first control valve IV, until close completely.
Preferably, the coke-stove gas burning torch in described step (A) is all lighted, and its objective is in order to ensure the safety in coal gas course of conveying.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result:
(1) in step of the present invention (G), when the gas pressure of pipeline mixture pressure and gas generator is suitable, duration is 4-6 minute, close manual diffusion valve, purge end-of-job, eliminate coal gas assay step, shorten the time purged required for displacement, shorten the boiler ignition start time, simplify blast furnace gas and purge replacement operator step, improve the efficiency of coal gas replacement;
(2) in step of the present invention (A), open the igniting of coke-stove gas burning torch, coke-stove gas burning torch turns on the gas-fire after all lighting valve again, prevent from fuel gas in the process of supplying gas from entering burner hearth to blast, improve the security of operating process, reduce the probability that risk occurs;
(3) the present invention is provided with diffusion valve, and add nitrogen assay step, nitrogen content reaches more than 98%, then carries out the operation of coal gas replacement nitrogen, decreases the impact that coal gas diffusion produces environment;
(4) the present invention optimizes the operation of blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen, reduces the consumption of blast furnace gas and nitrogen, reduces coal gas diffusion to ambient influnence, shortens the boiler startup time, reduce costs, improve the performance of enterprises.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is boiler pipe schematic diagram of the present invention.
Label declaration in schematic diagram:
1, the first hydraulic valve; 2, the second hydraulic valve; 3, the 3rd hydraulic valve; 4, the 4th hydraulic valve; 5, blast furnace gas valve; 6, the 5th hydraulic valve; 7, the first control valve I; 8, the first control valve II; 9, the first control valve III; 10, the first control valve IV; 11, sample valve; 12, manual diffusion valve; 13, coke-oven coal air valve; 14, nitrogen valve; 15, coke-stove gas burning torch.
Detailed description of the invention
For understanding content of the present invention further, the present invention is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
For the full burning gas boiler of the 400t/h of certain steel, blast furnace gas is a kind of toxic gas, can cause poisoning, even explosion accident once reveal gathering, and therefore the induction system of blast furnace gas and combustion apparatus etc. require strict sealing.Concentration of catching fire under blast furnace gas normal temperature and pressure is 35%-71%, there is the possibility of blast, so the oxygen concentration in general provision conveyance conduit is less than 5% within the scope of this.
Boiler capacity: 400t/h, hot blast temperature: 380 DEG C, superheated steam pressure: 13.7MPa, air temperature: 20 DEG C, superheat steam temperature: 540 DEG C, exhaust gas temperature: 143 DEG C, feed temperature: 238 DEG C, the boiler design thermal efficiency: 88.14%, the fuel of boiler: blast furnace gas.In pipeline, the annexation of each parts is as shown in Figure 1, before cold state spark is carried out to boiler coal gas replacement operation before, guarantee that other positions are in a safe condition, coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark, the steps include:
(A), open coke-stove gas burning torch 15 to light a fire; Coke-stove gas burning torch 15 is all lighted, and its objective is in order to ensure the safety in coal gas course of conveying.
(B), review and validate the first hydraulic valve 1, second hydraulic valve 2, the 3rd hydraulic valve 3, the 4th hydraulic valve 4, blast furnace gas valve 5 be in closed condition;
(C), manual diffusion valve 12 and the 5th hydraulic valve 6 is opened, and by the first control valve I7, the first control valve II8, the first control valve III9 with the first control valve IV10 opens and flow is adjusted to 50%, for nitrogen purge displacement is prepared; Described manual diffusion valve 12 is arranged on the end of pipeline, and blind segment length is not more than 0.5 meter.According to " GB6222-2005 industrial enterprise gas safety code " 7.3.1.1, before gas fittings and pipeline partition apparatus, before and after grid partition apparatus, a sluice valve is in the other 0.5m of gas main, can not establish exhaust stack, but during more than 0.5m, should establish venting head.
(D), open nitrogen valve 14, nitrogen is passed in blast furnace gas pipeline carry out purging, displaced air, controlled pressure is at more than 0.7kPa; By Pressure gauge observed pressure, the method for employing regulates pipeline pressure by adjustment rectification campaign plate or valve opening degree.
(E) sample valve 11, is opened, sample examination, until nitrogen content reaches more than 98%, during nitrogen sample examination, get the sample of more than three diverse locations, and when each position sample nitrogen content is all greater than 98% for qualified, the equipment that chemical examination adopts is portable oxygen scale, assay method is that sampling should be representative from three different sample valve 11 direct sample analyses;
(F), slowly open blast furnace gas valve 5, carry out blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen, slowly closing nitrogen valve 14, first control valve I7, the first control valve II8, the first control valve III9 and the first control valve IV10; To remain that the nitrogen pressure in pipeline is greater than 0.7kPa after blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen.After blast furnace gas introduces pipeline, observe pipeline internal gas pressure, pipeline pressure, when 2kPa, progressively closes nitrogen valve 14, first control valve I7, the first control valve II8, the first control valve III9 and the first control valve IV10, until close completely.
(G), when the gas pressure of pipeline mixture pressure and gas generator is suitable, duration is 4-6 minute, close manual diffusion valve 12, purge end-of-job, judge that the gas pressure of pipeline mixture pressure and gas generator is suitable by Pressure gauge;
(H), open the second hydraulic valve 2 and the 4th hydraulic valve 4, regulate the flow to 5% of the first control valve II8 and the first control valve IV10, blast furnace gas promotes nitrogen along Flows, and blast furnace gas catches fire normally gradually, lights a fire successfully.
Embodiment 2
For certain steel HTHP global natural disasters, rated capacity: 220t/h, superheater outlet temperature: 540 DEG C, superheater outlet pressure: 9.81Mpa, feed temperature: 220 DEG C, continuous blowdown system of boiler rate: < 3%, cold wind temperature: 20 DEG C, gas inlet temperature: 20 DEG C.The fuel of boiler: coke-stove gas and blast furnace gas.
Because the non-combustible composition in blast furnace gas is more, its theoretical temperature combustion is lower, be only l250 DEG C ~ 1300 DEG C, about 60% of the theoretical temperature combustion of coal, its flame kernel temperature is low, chemical reaction velocity is slow, therefore should consider that blast furnace gas needs enough tail-off times when designing boiler, also to solve combustion flame instability, easy generation pulsation, easily take off the problems such as fire, the ignition temperature of blast furnace gas is higher, for (530 ~ 660) DEG C, therefore the boiler of blast furnace gas of burning should adopt the igniter fuel (natural gas or coke-stove gas) that other calorific values are higher usually, blast furnace gas combustion is gas gas single-phase combustion, once possess ignition and steady combustion condition, burning is just very fast, and torch is very short, CO and H in blast furnace gas
2for flammable explosive gas, CO is toxic gas, and the aerial explosible limit concentration of blast furnace gas is 35% ~ 71%, and therefore the safety and stability burning of blast furnace gas is also very important.
Blast furnace gas burner is bispin flow pattern, burner is that front-back wall is arranged, front wall collocation 3 layers, rear wall paper puts 2 layers, arrange 4 burners for every layer, amount to 20, this method for arranging is relatively flexible, the front-back wall burner number of plies need not be identical, and can increase other burning of gas devices according to the actual conditions of steel mill.Wherein, 2 in the middle of front wall upper strata is coke oven gas burner, and all the other 18 are blast furnace gas burner, and 2 coke oven gas burners in the middle of front wall upper strata are all equipped with coke-stove gas burning torch 15.In order to ensure combustion completion, every burner is furnished with flame detecting device.In addition, because coal gas is a kind of gaseous fuel inferior, in order to ensure the stability of burning, hearth combustor district and furnace bottom are covered with wall with refractory lining, refracto, to ensure smooth combustion during boiler at low load.
In pipeline, the annexation of each parts as shown in Figure 1, before cold state spark is carried out to boiler coal gas replacement operation before, first to guarantee that other positions are in a safe condition, then passing into air purges clean by the fuel gas in boiler, coal gas replacement method of operating before a kind of full burning gas boiler cold state spark, the steps include:
(A), open coke-stove gas burning torch 15 to light a fire; Coke-stove gas burning torch 15 is all lighted, and its objective is in order to ensure the safety in coal gas course of conveying;
(B), review and validate the first hydraulic valve 1, second hydraulic valve 2, the 3rd hydraulic valve 3, the 4th hydraulic valve 4, blast furnace gas valve 5 be in closed condition;
(C), manual diffusion valve 12 and the 5th hydraulic valve 6 is opened, and by the first control valve I7, the first control valve II8, the first control valve III9 with the first control valve IV10 opens and flow is adjusted to 50%, for nitrogen purge displacement is prepared; Described manual diffusion valve 12 is arranged on the end of pipeline, and blind segment length is not more than 0.5 meter.According to " GB6222-2005 industrial enterprise gas safety code " 7.3.1.1, before gas fittings and pipeline partition apparatus, before and after grid partition apparatus, a sluice valve is in the other 0.5m of gas main, can not establish exhaust stack, but during more than 0.5m, should establish venting head;
(D), open nitrogen valve 14, nitrogen is passed in blast furnace gas pipeline carry out purging, displaced air, controlled pressure is at more than 0.7kPa; By Pressure gauge observed pressure, the method for employing is that rectification campaign plate or valve opening degree are to regulate pipeline pressure.
(E), sample valve 11 is opened, sample examination, until nitrogen content reaches more than 98%; During nitrogen sample examination, get the sample of more than three diverse locations, and when each position sample nitrogen content is all greater than 98% for qualified, the equipment that chemical examination adopts is portable oxygen scale, assay method is that sampling should be representative from three different sample valve 11 direct sample analyses;
(F), slowly open coke-oven coal air valve 13, carry out coke-stove gas displacement nitrogen, slowly closing nitrogen valve 14, first control valve I7, the first control valve II8, the first control valve III9 and the first control valve IV10; To remain that the nitrogen pressure in pipeline is greater than 0.7kPa after coke-stove gas displacement nitrogen.After coke-stove gas introduces pipeline, observe pipeline internal gas pressure, pipeline pressure, when 2kPa, progressively closes nitrogen valve 14, first control valve I7, the first control valve II8, the first control valve III9 and the first control valve IV10, until close completely;
(G), when pipeline mixture pressure is suitable with coke-stove gas pressure, the duration is 4-6 minute, closes manual diffusion valve (12), purges end-of-job; Judge that mixture pressure is suitable with coke-stove gas pressure by Pressure gauge;
(H), open the second hydraulic valve 2 and the 4th hydraulic valve 4, regulate the flow to 5% of the first control valve II8 and the first control valve IV10, coke-stove gas promotes nitrogen along Flows, and coke-stove gas catches fire normally gradually;
(I), coke-stove gas flameholding, when burner hearth middle portion temperature reaches more than 600 DEG C, drop into blast furnace gas; start flame protection system simultaneously, slowly open blast furnace gas valve 5, carry out blast furnace gas displacement coke-stove gas; blast furnace gas catches fire normally gradually, lights a fire successfully.
Claims (7)
1. a coal gas replacement method of operating before full burning gas boiler cold state spark, the steps include:
(A) coke-stove gas burning torch (15) igniting, is opened;
(B), review and validate the first hydraulic valve (1), the second hydraulic valve (2), the 3rd hydraulic valve (3), the 4th hydraulic valve (4), blast furnace gas valve (5) be in closed condition;
(C) manual diffusion valve (12) and the 5th hydraulic valve (6), is opened, and by the first control valve I (7), the first control valve II (8), the first control valve III (9) with the first control valve IV (10) opens and flow is adjusted to 50%, for nitrogen purge displacement is prepared;
(D), open nitrogen valve (14), nitrogen is passed in blast furnace gas pipeline carry out purging, displaced air, controlled pressure is at more than 0.7kPa;
(E), sample valve (11) is opened, sample examination, until nitrogen content reaches more than 98%;
(F), slowly blast furnace gas valve (5) is opened, carry out blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen, slowly closing nitrogen valve (14), the first control valve I (7), the first control valve II (8), the first control valve III (9) and the first control valve IV (10);
(G), when pipeline mixture pressure is suitable with gas pressure, close manual diffusion valve (12), purge end-of-job;
(H) the second hydraulic valve (2) and the 4th hydraulic valve (4), is opened, regulate the flow to 5% of the first control valve II (8) and the first control valve IV (10), blast furnace gas promotes nitrogen along Flows, blast furnace gas catches fire normally gradually, lights a fire successfully.
2. coal gas replacement method of operating before the full burning gas boiler cold state spark of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (E) during nitrogen sample examination, get the sample of more than three diverse locations, and when each position sample nitrogen content is all greater than 98% for qualified, the equipment that chemical examination adopts is portable oxygen scale, and assay method is from three different sample valve (11) direct sample analyses.
3. coal gas replacement method of operating before the full burning gas boiler cold state spark of one according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the duration that pipeline mixture pressure is suitable with gas pressure in described step (G) is 4-6 minute.
4. coal gas replacement method of operating before the full burning gas boiler cold state spark of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described manual diffusion valve (12) is arranged on the end of pipeline, and blind segment length is not more than 0.5 meter.
5. coal gas replacement method of operating before the full burning gas boiler cold state spark of the one according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: in described step (F), will remain that the nitrogen pressure in pipeline is greater than 0.7kPa after blast furnace gas displacement nitrogen.
6. coal gas replacement method of operating before the full burning gas boiler cold state spark of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (F), after blast furnace gas introduces pipeline, observe pipeline internal gas pressure, pipeline pressure is when 2kPa, progressively close nitrogen valve (14), the first control valve I (7), the first control valve II (8), the first control valve III (9) and the first control valve IV (10), until close completely.
7. coal gas replacement method of operating before the full burning gas boiler cold state spark of the one according to claim 1 or 4, is characterized in that: the coke-stove gas burning torch (15) in described step (A) is all lighted.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106439894A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-02-22 | 广东惠州天然气发电有限公司 | Gas turbine and start energy saving control method thereof |
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| CN202382259U (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-08-15 | 北京佰能电气技术有限公司 | Raw coke oven gas ignition diffusing control device |
| CN103173250A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-26 | 西安航天远征流体控制股份有限公司 | Integrated ignition starting system |
| CN103710524A (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2014-04-09 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Ignition method of continuous annealing furnace |
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| US20020052123A1 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2002-05-02 | Reza Arghavani | Method and apparatus for dry/catalytic-wet steam oxidation of silicon |
| CN101792831A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2010-08-04 | 西安陕鼓动力股份有限公司 | Automatic sweeping method for nitrogen replaced with gas in blast furnace gas energy recovery system pipe network |
| CN102297590A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Ignition method of heating furnace |
| CN103173250A (en) * | 2011-12-20 | 2013-06-26 | 西安航天远征流体控制股份有限公司 | Integrated ignition starting system |
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