CN104779798A - Method for controlling fuzzy PID digital control DC-DC converter - Google Patents
Method for controlling fuzzy PID digital control DC-DC converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104779798A CN104779798A CN201510204385.8A CN201510204385A CN104779798A CN 104779798 A CN104779798 A CN 104779798A CN 201510204385 A CN201510204385 A CN 201510204385A CN 104779798 A CN104779798 A CN 104779798A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling a fuzzy PID digital control DC-DC converter. Based on a control system which comprises an ADC unit, a comparator, a fuzzy PID compensator with a fuzzy control unit and a PID control unit, a digital pulse width modulator and a driver unit, the control system and the main topology of a Buck type DC-DC converter are connected in series to form a closed loop, the analog output voltage of the converter is subjected to A/D conversion and then is input to the comparator to be compared with a digital reference voltage signal, the output voltage error value and the error deviation value are calculated, the fuzzy control unit determines the duty ratio value of the switching period according to the output voltage error value and the error deviation value, and the digital pulse width modulator and the driver unit output corresponding PWM according to the duty ratio value to control a power tube to be connected or disconnected so that the output voltage value can be regulated. The defect of the nonlinear effect of the converter is overcome, the system response is accelerated, overshooting is reduced, and good input disturbance resistance and load disturbance resistance are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to digital switch converter, especially the control method of a kind of fuzzy Digital Controlled DC-DC Converters of digital control switch converter is applied to, according to output voltage error and error deviation amount dynamic adjustments regulatory PID control parameter, can effectively improve the transient response performance of converter.
Background technology
DC-DC converter is widely used in various portable type electronic product as direct voltage supply equipment.Early stage DC-DC converter adopts analogue enlargement usually, the advantages such as control is simple, precision is high because it has, technology maturation, but by the restriction of this body structure of analog circuit, and the raising that technology, product development cycle, many power-supply management systems and high-end product additional function etc. require, impel the producing and developing of digital control power supply.Digital control analogue enlargement of comparing has plurality of advantages, and as digital device is not subject to aging and environmental variance impact, to insensitive for noise, reconfigurability is good, easily realizes complex control algorithm etc.
Current most control strategy is still based on space State Average Model or linearisation small-signal model, and this solves stable state and the dynamic low-frequency small-signal analysis problem of DC-DC converter preferably.But due to the non-linear nature of DC-DC converter system, based on the controller of small-signal model design, the stability of system under input and load wide variation can not be ensured, therefore the scope of application of this model is limited by very large, and thus traditional control strategy is difficult to improve systematic function further.For this reason, need set up more accurate nonlinear model or use non-linear control strategy, but the more accurate nonlinear model of research is more difficult, therefore considers to use non-linear control strategy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of control method of fuzzy Digital Controlled DC-DC Converters, can reduce the nonlinear effect of DC-DC converter to the impact of converter transient response performance, fast response time, overshoot is little.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows: a kind of control method of fuzzy Digital Controlled DC-DC Converters, it is characterized in that: based on the control system comprising ADC unit, comparator, the fuzzy compensator being provided with fuzzy control unit and PID control unit, digital pulse-width modulator and driver element, the main topology closed loop in series of this control system and Buck type DC/DC converter, when input voltage or load current external environment condition change, can there is fluctuation in the output voltage of the main topology of converter thereupon, the analog output voltage Vo [t] of the main topology of ADC unit sampling converter is also converted to digital output voltage Vo [n] and enters comparator, digital output voltage value Vo [n] compares with digital reference voltage Vref by comparator, obtains output voltage error value e [n] and output voltage error deviate ec [n] enters fuzzy control unit, fuzzy control unit performs fuzzy reasoning computing, output voltage error value e [n] and output voltage error deviate ec [n] is carried out obfuscation, according to the scope of input variable e [n] and ec [n], triangular membership method is adopted to obtain fuzzy subset's distribution of e [n] and ec [n], judge that the fuzzy subset belonging to e [n] and ec [n] closes and corresponding degree of membership according to the value of current e [n] and ec [n], then export response curve according to the typical case of converter and formulate fuzzy rule, judge the output variable PID proportional control factor variation delta Kp of fuzzy control unit, integral control coefficient variation delta Ki, fuzzy subset belonging to derivative control coefficient variation delta Kd closes and corresponding degree of membership, finally according to the scope of output variable Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd, stand alone membership function method is adopted to obtain fuzzy subset's distribution of Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd, ambiguity solution is carried out by maximum membership degree method, namely from exporting Δ Kp, Δ Ki, the fuzzy subset of Δ Kd finds out a maximum fuzzy subset of degree of membership closing and corresponding Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd exact value, the numerical value of on-line tuning Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd exports PID control unit to, PID control unit performs pid control algorithm, export discrete duty cycles signal d [n] to digital pulse-width modulator, digital pulse-width modulator exports continuous print duty cycle signals d [t] to driver element, and the pwm signal that driver element exports two-way complementation controls the switch of power tube Q1, Q2 in converter thus stablizes the output voltage of main topology, repeat said process and carry out loop control until system stability.
Comprise the following steps:
(1) the main topology of ADC unit sampling analog output voltage Vo [t] and be converted to digital signal Vo [n] and export to comparator, Vo [n] is compared Vref-Vo [n] with given digital reference voltage signal Vref by comparator, obtain the voltage error value e [n] of current sample period and give record, subtracted each other with last error log e [n-1] by error current record e [n] simultaneously and obtain error deviation value ec [n], comparator output e [n] and ec [n] two signals are to fuzzy control unit;
(2) corresponding Fuzzy Linguistic Variable E and EC is converted to after e [n] and ec [n] being multiplied by corresponding quantizing factor in fuzzy control unit, triangular membership is adopted to define 7 fuzzy subsets, be respectively: negative large NB, negative middle NM, negative little NS, zero ZO, just little PS, center PM, honest PB seven kinds of situations, according to 7 fuzzy subset's distributions, judge that current e [n] and the fuzzy subset belonging to ec [n] close and corresponding degree of membership; Then close and corresponding degree of membership according to the fuzzy rule inference fuzzy subset gone out belonging to output variable Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd, wherein fuzzy rule exports response curve according to the typical case of converter to formulate: the typical case of converter is exported response curve definition and classify as 4 stages: 1. A
0a
1in the stage, E>0, EC<0, output voltage is less than and tends to reference voltage, 2. A
1a
2in the stage, E<0, EC<0, output voltage is greater than and departs from reference voltage, 3. A
2a
3in the stage, E<0, EC>0, output voltage is greater than and tends to reference voltage, 4. A
3a
4stage, E>0, EC>0, output voltage is less than and departs from reference voltage, formulates 4 stage corresponding fuzzy rules respectively; A
0a
1in the stage, output voltage is less than reference voltage, when output voltage is at A on the one hand
0time near point, in order to increase output voltage, need large duty ratio to capacitor charging, raise output voltage, so need to increase PID proportional control factor Kp, integral control coefficient Ki, reduce derivative control coefficient Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Ki>0, Δ Kd<0, accelerate response speed; Output voltage trend reference voltage on the other hand, when output voltage is close to A
1during point, need to consider to reduce overshoot, so need to reduce Kp, Ki, increase Kd, i.e. Δ Kp<0, Δ Ki<0, Δ Kd>0, reduce overshoot, so at A
0to A
1process in, Δ Kp and Δ Ki presents the trend of reduction, and Δ Kd presents the trend of increase; A
1a
2stage, output voltage is greater than reference voltage, and depart from reference voltage, so all need to reduce output voltage in all stage, need little duty ratio to capacitor discharge, reduce output voltage, so need to increase Kp, Kd, reduce Ki, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Ki<0, Δ Kd>0; A
2a
3in the stage, output voltage is greater than reference voltage, when output voltage is at A on the one hand
2time near point, in order to reduce output voltage, need little duty ratio to capacitor discharge, reduce output voltage, so need to increase Kp, reduce Ki, Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Kd<0, Δ Ki<0, accelerates response speed; Output voltage trend reference voltage on the other hand, when output voltage is close to A
3during point, need to consider to reduce overshoot, so need to reduce Kp, increase Ki, Kd, i.e. Δ Kp<0, Δ Kd>0, Δ Ki>0, reduce overshoot, so at A
2to A
3process in, Δ Kp presents the trend of reduction, and Δ Ki and Δ Kd presents the trend of increase; A
3a
4stage, output voltage is less than reference voltage, and depart from reference voltage, so all need to increase output voltage in all stage, need large duty ratio to capacitor charging, raise output voltage, so need to increase Kp, Ki and Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Kd>0, Δ Ki>0; Finally distributing according to the fuzzy subset of output variable Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd adopts maximum membership degree method from output variable fuzzy subset closes, find out a maximum fuzzy subset of degree of membership and this fuzzy subset is mapped as Fuzzy Linguistic Variable, obtain the exact value of three output variable Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd after being multiplied by scale factor, wherein output variable fuzzy subset distributes and adopts stand alone membership function;
(3) in PID control unit, Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd are added with pid parameter initial value Kp0, Ki0, Kd0 of setting respectively and obtain real-time Kp, Ki, Kd, after the PID arithmetic of routine, PID control unit exports discrete duty cycles signal d [n] and exports digital pulse-width modulator to;
(4) digital pulse-width modulator adopts count ratio comparatively to realize with delay line hybrid mode, exports continuous duty cycle signals d [t];
(5) driver element exports the conducting shutoff of pwm signal control inverter power pipe Q1, Q2 of two-way complementation;
(6) repeated execution of steps (1) ~ (5), form new pwm signal and control power tube switch, loop control is until switch converters output voltage values is consistent with reference voltage level.
Advantage of the present invention and remarkable result are, by fuzzy-adaptation PID control, reduce switch converters unintentional nonlinearity characteristic to the impact of mapping, optimize the mapping of digitalizer; Control precision is high, and robustness is good, input or load disturbance under overshoot little, fast response time; There is extensibility and portability, can expanded application in the DC-DC converter of other topological structures; Adopt digital control implementation, more flexible relative to analogue enlargement, reconfigurability is strong.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general structure block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is input variable fuzzy subset distribution;
Fig. 3 is output variable fuzzy subset distribution;
Fig. 4 is that DC-DC converter typical case exports response curve;
Fig. 5 is fuzzy control rule table;
Fig. 6 is the transient response of fuzzy and regulatory PID control downconverter under load jump and input voltage saltus step.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1, the control method of fuzzy Digital Controlled DC-DC Converters of the present invention, based on the control system comprising ADC unit, comparator (Comparator), the fuzzy compensator being provided with fuzzy control unit and PID control unit, digital pulse-width modulator (DPWM) and driver element (Driver), the main topology closed loop in series of this control system and Buck type DC/DC converter.Wherein the main topological structure of inverter power level comprises NMOS tube Q1, PMOS Q2, inductance L, electric capacity C and output load resistance Ro, the drain electrode of NMOS tube Q1 is connected with the anode of input voltage vin, the source electrode of the source electrode of NMOS tube Q1 and substrate and PMOS Q2 and one end of inductance L link together, one end of the other end of inductance L and one end of electric capacity C, the input of ADC and output load resistance Ro links together, and the negative terminal of the other end of output load resistance Ro, the other end of electric capacity C and the drain electrode of PMOS Q2 and input voltage vin links together and ground connection; ADC exports and is connected with comparator, comparator exports and is connected with fuzzy compensator, fuzzy compensator exports and is connected with digital pulse-width modulator, digital pulse-width modulator exports and is connected with driver element, and driver element exports the grid that control signal connects power tube NMOS tube Q1 and PMOS Q2 respectively.
When input voltage or load current external environment condition change, can there is fluctuation in the output voltage of the main topology of converter thereupon, the analog output voltage Vo [t] of ADC unit (adopt TLC5510 chip) the main topology of oversampled converter is also converted to digital output voltage Vo [n] and enters comparator, in comparator, Vo [n] and Vref compare (Vref-Vo [n]), obtain the voltage error value e [n] of current sample period and give record, then e [n] was compared with the voltage error value in a upper sampling period and obtain error deviation value ec [n] (e [n]-e [n-1]), last comparator exports e [n] and ec [n] and enters fuzzy compensator, fuzzy compensator comprises fuzzy control unit and PID control unit, the input variable of fuzzy control unit is output voltage error value e [n] and output voltage error deviate ec [n], output variable is PID proportional control Parameters variation amount Δ Kp, integral control Parameters variation amount Δ Ki, differential controling parameters variation delta Kd.Two inputs of fuzzy control unit connect e [n] and the ec [n] of comparator output, corresponding Fuzzy Linguistic Variable E and EC is converted to after e [n] and ec [n] being multiplied by corresponding quantizing factor in fuzzy control unit, distribute according to input variable fuzzy subset and judge that fuzzy subset belonging to input variable closes and corresponding degree of membership (the input variable membership function employing triangular membership of input variable fuzzy subset distribution) defines 7 fuzzy subsets, be respectively: negative large (NB), in negative (NM), negative little (NS), zero (ZO), just little (PS), center (PM), honest (PB) seven kinds of situations.Then close and corresponding degree of membership according to the fuzzy rule inference fuzzy subset gone out belonging to output variable controling parameters variation delta Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd.Wherein fuzzy rule exports response curve according to the typical case of converter to formulate: the typical case of converter is exported response curve and classify as 4 stage A
0a
1(output voltage is less than and tends to reference voltage), A
1a
2(output voltage is greater than and departs from reference voltage), A
2a
3(output voltage is greater than and tends to reference voltage) and A
3a
4(output voltage is less than and departs from reference voltage), the fuzzy rule formulating each stage corresponding respectively regulates PID proportional control parameter Kp, integral control parameter Ki, differential controling parameters Kd.A
0a
1in the stage, output voltage is less than reference voltage, when output voltage is at A on the one hand
0time near point, in order to increase output voltage, need large duty ratio to capacitor charging, raise output voltage, so need to increase Kp, Ki, reduce Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Ki>0, Δ Kd<0, accelerates response speed; Output voltage trend reference voltage on the other hand, when output voltage is close to A
1during point, need to consider to reduce overshoot, so need to reduce Kp, Ki, increase Kd, i.e. Δ Kp<0, Δ Ki<0, Δ Kd>0, reduce overshoot.So at A
0to A
1process in, Δ Kp and Δ Ki presents the trend of reduction, and Δ Kd presents the trend of increase.A
1a
2stage, output voltage is greater than reference voltage, and depart from reference voltage, so all need to reduce output voltage in all stage, need little duty ratio to capacitor discharge, reduce output voltage, so need to increase Kp, Kd, reduce Ki, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Ki<0, Δ Kd>0.A
2a
3in the stage, output voltage is greater than reference voltage, when output voltage is at A on the one hand
2time near point, in order to reduce output voltage, need little duty ratio to capacitor discharge, reduce output voltage, so need to increase Kp, reduce Ki, Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Kd<0, Δ Ki<0, accelerates response speed; Output voltage trend reference voltage on the other hand, when output voltage is close to A
3during point, need to consider to reduce overshoot, so need to reduce Kp, increase Ki, Kd, i.e. Δ Kp<0, Δ Kd>0, Δ Ki>0, reduce overshoot.So at A
2to A
3process in, Δ Kp presents the trend of reduction, and Δ Ki and Δ Kd presents the trend of increase.A
3a
4stage, output voltage is less than reference voltage, and depart from reference voltage, so all need to increase output voltage in all stage, need large duty ratio to capacitor charging, raise output voltage, thus need increase Kp, Ki and Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Kd>0, Δ Ki>0.Finally distributing according to output variable fuzzy subset adopts maximum membership degree method from output variable fuzzy subset closes, select a maximum fuzzy subset of degree of membership and this fuzzy subset is mapped as Fuzzy Linguistic Variable, obtains the exact value of three output variable Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd after being multiplied by scale factor.Wherein the membership function of output variable fuzzy subset distribution adopts stand alone.Three inputs of PID control unit connect Δ Kp, Δ Ki, the Δ Kd of the output of fuzzy control unit, in PID control unit, Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd are added with pid parameter initial value Kp0, Ki0, Kd0 of setting respectively and obtain real-time Kp, Ki, Kd, after the PID arithmetic of routine, PID control unit exports discrete duty cycles signal d [n].Digital pulse width modulation unit adopts count ratio comparatively to realize with delay line hybrid mode, and its input connects the discrete duty cycles signal d [n] of fuzzy compensator output, exports continuous duty cycle signals d [t].Driver element adopts UCC27524 chip to realize, and its input connects the continuous duty cycle signals d [t] of digital pwm unit output, and the conducting exporting pwm signal control power tube Q1, Q2 of two-way complementation turns off.Repeat above process, ADC unit sample conversion again, successively through comparator, fuzzy-adaptation PID control unit, digital pulse width modulation unit and driver element, form new pwm signal and control power tube switch, loop control is until switch converters output voltage values is consistent with reference voltage level.
Fig. 2 is fuzzy subset's distribution of input variable, the distribution map of two input variables is identical, its abscissa is input variable Fuzzy Linguistic Variable E/EC, i.e. input variable e [n]/ec [n] is multiplied by the value after corresponding quantizing factor, ordinate is degree of membership, can judge that the fuzzy subset that each input variable current maps closes and corresponding degree of membership according to Fig. 2.As E=0.1, the fuzzy subset that e [n] maps is ZO and PS, and their degree of membership is all 0.5.
Fig. 3 is fuzzy subset's distribution of output variable, its abscissa is output variable Fuzzy Linguistic Variable, ordinate is degree of membership, the fuzzy quantity of Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd can be obtained after adopting maximum membership degree method determination output variable Δ Kp, Δ Ki, fuzzy subset belonging to Δ Kd according to Fig. 3, then the exact value of output variable after being multiplied by scale factor, can be obtained.As when the fuzzy subset belonging to Δ Kp is NB, the fuzzy quantity of Δ Kp is exactly-0.035, and exact value is exactly-8.925.
Fig. 4 is that the typical case of converter exports response curve, and it can be divided into 4 stage A
0a
1, A
1a
2, A
2a
3and A
3a
4, at A
0a
1stage E>0, EC<0, output voltage is less than reference voltage, output voltage trend reference voltage; At A
1a
2stage E<0, EC<0, output voltage is greater than reference voltage, and output voltage departs from reference voltage; At A
2a
3stage E<0, EC>0, output voltage is greater than reference voltage, output voltage trend reference voltage; At A
3a
4stage E>0, EC>0, output voltage is less than reference voltage, and output voltage departs from reference voltage.
Fig. 5 is fuzzy reasoning table, and it is and A
0a
1, A
1a
2, A
2a
3and A
3a
44 stages one to one.
The region, the lower left corner of rule list, namely with A
0a
1for cornerwise square region, E>0, EC<0, corresponding A
0a
1in the stage, output voltage is less than reference voltage, when output voltage is at A on the one hand
0time near point, in order to increase output voltage, need large duty ratio to capacitor charging, raise output voltage, so need to increase Kp, Ki, reduce Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Ki>0, Δ Kd<0, accelerates response speed; Output voltage trend reference voltage on the other hand, when output voltage is close to A
1during point, need to consider to reduce overshoot, so need to reduce Kp, Ki, increase Kd, i.e. Δ Kp<0, Δ Ki<0, Δ Kd>0, reduce overshoot.So at A
0to A
1process in, Δ Kp and Δ Ki presents the trend of reduction, and Δ Kd presents the trend of increase.
The upper left corner area of rule list, namely with A
1a
2for cornerwise square region, E<0, EC<0, corresponding A
1a
2stage, output voltage is greater than reference voltage, and depart from reference voltage, so all need to reduce output voltage in all stage, need little duty ratio to capacitor discharge, reduce output voltage, so need to increase Kp, Kd, reduce Ki, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Ki<0, Δ Kd>0.
The upper right comer region of rule list, namely with A
2a
3for cornerwise square region, E<0, EC>0, corresponding A
2a
3in the stage, output voltage is greater than reference voltage, when output voltage is at A on the one hand
2time near point, in order to reduce output voltage, need little duty ratio to capacitor discharge, reduce output voltage, so need to increase Kp, reduce Ki, Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Kd<0, Δ Ki<0, accelerates response speed; Output voltage trend reference voltage on the other hand, when output voltage is close to A
3during point, need to consider to reduce overshoot, so need to reduce Kp, increase Ki, Kd, i.e. Δ Kp<0, Δ Kd>0, Δ Ki>0, reduce overshoot.So at A
2to A
3process in, Δ Kp presents the trend of reduction, and Δ Ki and Δ Kd presents the trend of increase.
The lower right field of rule list, namely with A
3a
4for cornerwise square region, E>0, EC>0, corresponding A
3a
4stage, output voltage is less than reference voltage, and depart from reference voltage, so all need to increase output voltage in all stage, need large duty ratio to capacitor charging, raise output voltage, thus need increase Kp, Ki and Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Kd>0, Δ Ki>0.
Simulink emulation has been carried out based on the numerically controlled DC-DC converter of fuzzy to provided by the invention.Fig. 6 (a), (b) are load current saltus step between 500mA and 1A respectively, input voltage between 4V and 5V during saltus step, the transient response curve of fuzzy and regulatory PID control downconverter.
Therefrom can find out, when load current exists 500mA saltus step, there is the upper punch of 40mV in the DC-DC converter under fuzzy-adaptation PID control, and upper punch recovery time is 20 μ s; There is the undershoot of 40mV, undershoot recovery time is 30 μ s.Compared with Traditional PID, upper punch reduces 33.3%, and upper punch shortens 30 μ s recovery time; Undershoot reduces 33.3%, and undershoot shortens 20 μ s recovery time.When input voltage exists 1V saltus step, there is the upper punch of 25mV in the DC-DC converter under fuzzy-adaptation PID control, and upper punch recovery time is 30 μ s; There is the undershoot of 20mV, undershoot recovery time is 30 μ s.Compared with Traditional PID, upper punch reduces 37.5%, and upper punch shortens 20 μ s recovery time; Undershoot reduces 50%, and undershoot shortens 20 μ s recovery time.
Obviously, after application fuzzy controller, the overshoot of output voltage reduces, and recovery time shortens, and control effects is greatly improved.
Claims (2)
1. the control method of a fuzzy Digital Controlled DC-DC Converters, it is characterized in that: based on the control system comprising ADC unit, comparator, the fuzzy compensator being provided with fuzzy control unit and PID control unit, digital pulse-width modulator and driver element, the main topology closed loop in series of this control system and Buck type DC/DC converter, when input voltage or load current external environment condition change, can there is fluctuation in the output voltage of the main topology of converter thereupon, the analog output voltage Vo [t] of the main topology of ADC unit sampling converter is also converted to digital output voltage Vo [n] and enters comparator, digital output voltage value Vo [n] compares with digital reference voltage Vref by comparator, obtains output voltage error value e [n] and output voltage error deviate ec [n] enters fuzzy control unit, fuzzy control unit performs fuzzy reasoning computing, output voltage error value e [n] and output voltage error deviate ec [n] is carried out obfuscation, according to the scope of input variable e [n] and ec [n], triangular membership method is adopted to obtain fuzzy subset's distribution of e [n] and ec [n], judge that the fuzzy subset belonging to e [n] and ec [n] closes and corresponding degree of membership according to the value of current e [n] and ec [n], then export response curve according to the typical case of converter and formulate fuzzy rule, judge the output variable PID proportional control factor variation delta Kp of fuzzy control unit, integral control coefficient variation delta Ki, fuzzy subset belonging to derivative control coefficient variation delta Kd closes and corresponding degree of membership, finally according to the scope of output variable Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd, stand alone membership function method is adopted to obtain fuzzy subset's distribution of Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd, ambiguity solution is carried out by maximum membership degree method, namely from exporting Δ Kp, Δ Ki, the fuzzy subset of Δ Kd finds out a maximum fuzzy subset of degree of membership closing and corresponding Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd exact value, the numerical value of on-line tuning Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd exports PID control unit to, PID control unit performs pid control algorithm, export discrete duty cycles signal d [n] to digital pulse-width modulator, digital pulse-width modulator exports continuous print duty cycle signals d [t] to driver element, and the pwm signal that driver element exports two-way complementation controls the switch of power tube Q1, Q2 in converter thus stablizes the output voltage of main topology, repeat said process and carry out loop control until system stability.
2. the control method of fuzzy Digital Controlled DC-DC Converters according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) the main topology of ADC unit sampling analog output voltage Vo [t] and be converted to digital signal Vo [n] and export to comparator, Vo [n] is compared Vref-Vo [n] with given digital reference voltage signal Vref by comparator, obtain the voltage error value e [n] of current sample period and give record, subtracted each other with last error log e [n-1] by error current record e [n] simultaneously and obtain error deviation value ec [n], comparator output e [n] and ec [n] two signals are to fuzzy control unit;
(2) corresponding Fuzzy Linguistic Variable E and EC is converted to after e [n] and ec [n] being multiplied by corresponding quantizing factor in fuzzy control unit, triangular membership is adopted to define 7 fuzzy subsets, be respectively: negative large NB, negative middle NM, negative little NS, zero ZO, just little PS, center PM, honest PB seven kinds of situations, according to 7 fuzzy subset's distributions, judge that current e [n] and the fuzzy subset belonging to ec [n] close and corresponding degree of membership; Then close and corresponding degree of membership according to the fuzzy rule inference fuzzy subset gone out belonging to output variable Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd, wherein fuzzy rule exports response curve according to the typical case of converter to formulate: the typical case of converter is exported response curve definition and classify as 4 stages: 1. A
0a
1in the stage, E>0, EC<0, output voltage is less than and tends to reference voltage, 2. A
1a
2in the stage, E<0, EC<0, output voltage is greater than and departs from reference voltage, 3. A
2a
3in the stage, E<0, EC>0, output voltage is greater than and tends to reference voltage, 4. A
3a
4stage, E>0, EC>0, output voltage is less than and departs from reference voltage, formulates 4 stage corresponding fuzzy rules respectively; A
0a
1in the stage, output voltage is less than reference voltage, when output voltage is at A on the one hand
0time near point, in order to increase output voltage, need large duty ratio to capacitor charging, raise output voltage, so need to increase PID proportional control factor Kp, integral control coefficient Ki, reduce derivative control coefficient Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Ki>0, Δ Kd<0, accelerate response speed; Output voltage trend reference voltage on the other hand, when output voltage is close to A
1during point, need to consider to reduce overshoot, so need to reduce Kp, Ki, increase Kd, i.e. Δ Kp<0, Δ Ki<0, Δ Kd>0, reduce overshoot, so at A
0to A
1process in, Δ Kp and Δ Ki presents the trend of reduction, and Δ Kd presents the trend of increase; A
1a
2stage, output voltage is greater than reference voltage, and depart from reference voltage, so all need to reduce output voltage in all stage, need little duty ratio to capacitor discharge, reduce output voltage, so need to increase Kp, Kd, reduce Ki, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Ki<0, Δ Kd>0; A
2a
3in the stage, output voltage is greater than reference voltage, when output voltage is at A on the one hand
2time near point, in order to reduce output voltage, need little duty ratio to capacitor discharge, reduce output voltage, so need to increase Kp, reduce Ki, Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Kd<0, Δ Ki<0, accelerates response speed; Output voltage trend reference voltage on the other hand, when output voltage is close to A
3during point, need to consider to reduce overshoot, so need to reduce Kp, increase Ki, Kd, i.e. Δ Kp<0, Δ Kd>0, Δ Ki>0, reduce overshoot, so at A
2to A
3process in, Δ Kp presents the trend of reduction, and Δ Ki and Δ Kd presents the trend of increase; A
3a
4stage, output voltage is less than reference voltage, and depart from reference voltage, so all need to increase output voltage in all stage, need large duty ratio to capacitor charging, raise output voltage, so need to increase Kp, Ki and Kd, i.e. Δ Kp>0, Δ Kd>0, Δ Ki>0; Finally distributing according to the fuzzy subset of output variable Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd adopts maximum membership degree method from output variable fuzzy subset closes, find out a maximum fuzzy subset of degree of membership and this fuzzy subset is mapped as Fuzzy Linguistic Variable, obtain the exact value of three output variable Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd after being multiplied by scale factor, wherein output variable fuzzy subset distributes and adopts stand alone membership function;
(3) in PID control unit, Δ Kp, Δ Ki, Δ Kd are added with pid parameter initial value Kp0, Ki0, Kd0 of setting respectively and obtain real-time Kp, Ki, Kd, after the PID arithmetic of routine, PID control unit exports discrete duty cycles signal d [n] and exports digital pulse-width modulator to;
(4) digital pulse-width modulator adopts count ratio comparatively to realize with delay line hybrid mode, exports continuous duty cycle signals d [t];
(5) driver element exports the conducting shutoff of pwm signal control inverter power pipe Q1, Q2 of two-way complementation;
(6) repeated execution of steps (1) ~ (5), form new pwm signal and control power tube switch, loop control is until switch converters output voltage values is consistent with reference voltage level.
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