CN104778742A - Method for establishing 3D digital maintenance platform of aircraft based on 3D laser scanning technology - Google Patents
Method for establishing 3D digital maintenance platform of aircraft based on 3D laser scanning technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for establishing a digital maintenance platform of an aircraft based on a real 3D space point cloud by using a 3D laser scanning technology and a reverse modeling technology. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: firstly, obtaining point cloud data of the aircraft and parts thereof through a 3D laser scanner, and then on the basis of the point cloud data, generating the 3D digital model through data processing and reverse modeling. Based on the 3D digital model, a set of visualized operational software platforms in butt joint with the maintenance work of the aircraft is established, so that massive maintenance information can be related and integrated, and efficient convenient interactive functions can be established. The aircraft model data in the method is the real 3D point cloud information of the aircraft, and the aircraft model data can be used as maintenance information storage and maintenance interactive platforms and can complete space measurement, drawing extraction, staff training, maintenance simulation and the like in software, so that the aircraft maintenance work is greatly improved in the respects of digitalization, informatization, intelligentization and visualization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of employing three-dimensional laser scanning technique and dimensional Modeling Technology, for a kind of method of visual, intelligentized 3-dimensional digital maintenance system platform set up by aircraft.
Technical background
Carrying out aircraft maintenance is efficiently ensure one of aircraft key factor continuing safe navigation.And airplane component is various, system complex, security requirement are high, thus maintenance difficulty is large, link is many, process is complicated, and each maintenance all needs engineering, production, Quality Control, Hang Cai all departments to coordinate just can complete.In order to ensure the smooth and easy and efficient of aircraft maintenance, need to set up a unified digitizing, informatization platform.
The eighties in 20th century, first Digital Maintenance technology is applied in military aircraft field by the west poweies such as the U.S..But until enter 21 century, perfect along with information network infrastructure, Digital Maintenance technology just shows huge effect.In the war in Iraq, the Digital Maintenance ability of U.S. army is obviously improved, and particularly infotech is widely applied in maintenance field, modern war is brought into the IT-based warfare epoch.Civil aircraft aspect, Boeing and Air Passenger Liang great airline strengthen Digital Maintenance systematic research and application all gradually.Wherein Digital Maintenance system " performance maintenance the tool box " (MPT of Boeing, MaintenancePerformanceToolbox) the most powerful, its Core Feature provides the interactive inquiry of technical information, maintenance is monitored, remote technology support, and by being connected with the network of central computer system, for maintenance technician carries out fault diagnosis etc.In addition, also just like interactive electronic technical manual (IETM), portable maintenance aid device (PMA), failure prediction and system for managing state (PHM), long-distance service system etc., the Digital Maintenance platform of difference in functionality is stressed.
Although domestic Digital Maintenance technology is also immature, academic research and achievement are also rare, also can see the report of some this respects.Such as, the domestic aircraft Maintenance Management Information System developed first in 1998 is that engineering engineering department of Eastern Air Lines Inc. combines project verification with Nanjing Aero-Space University, development composite structure computer aid repair system (CSCARS), system for research background, well utilizes the computer technologies such as network data base to improve traditional civil aircraft Maintenance information management mechanism with the Composites Structural Repair of airbus A300-600 aircraft.
In addition, in up-to-date research, within 2010, Yang Yong, Ma Guichun are in " aircraft digital maintenance ASP Platform Designing ", for the present situation that China's aircraft digital maintenance technique falls behind, aircraft maintenance digitizing ASP service platform is developed, uses ASP technology in addition JAVA programming again, achieve the remote digital management of aircraft maintenance information, to improve aircraft maintenance efficiency, reduce maintenance cost and improve the market competitiveness; Stone in 2011 is grand, Wang Jing has inquired into Digital Maintenance technique correlation technique in meeting paper " aeromotor Digital Maintenance and mounting technology ", based on the Assembled modeling technology of Digital Maintenance and Digital Assembly Technique dimension chain technology.
But, have research or the practice of these aircraft digital maintenance aspects though domestic, but gap is huge compared with abroad.I has experienced certain airline domestic personally in maintenance process, changing parts still takes artificial to dash number, manual delivery repair message, arrive Hang Cai department again and extract new parts, again old parts are delivered to Hang Cai department after replacing, whole process efficiency is low, urgently carries out digitizing reform.On the other hand, digital technology new in the world and infotech are maked rapid progress, and for the innovation of aircraft digital maintenance platform and upgrading provide huge space, therefore old system also needs continuous innovation, to keep abreast of the times.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve existing aircraft maintenance platform or system deficiency in digitizing, intellectuality, informationization, the present invention proposes a kind of method setting up aircraft 3D Digital maintenance platform based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique completely newly, to realize the digitizing of Aircraft Maintenance Systems, intellectuality, visual, integrated and interactivity.
The three-dimensional laser scanning technique that the present invention uses is also called outdoor scene reproduction technology, be considered to a revolutionary breakthrough of technical field of mapping after GPS space positioning system, relative to the single-point surveying and mapping technologies such as traditional total powerstation, 3 D laser scanning can complete the collection of the true cloud data of 1,000,000 pixels/second to sweep object, and has the characteristic such as untouchable, real-time, high density, high precision, robotization.And relative to computer virtual modeling, the maximum advantage of three-dimensional laser scanning technique is that each point that it gathers is based on the real three-dimensional information of sweep object, thus the value of data is much higher.Three-dimensional laser scanning technique, since the nineties in 20th century occurs, has obtained application progressively in fields such as mapping, manufacture, engineerings, but there are no being used in the report of aircraft digital modeling aspect.
The aircraft maintenance platform that the inventive method is set up is the maintenance interactive software platform of an integrated repair message.Repair message is attached in model aircraft or model of parts to realize presenting of three-dimensional visualization.Model aircraft and model of parts are then that the cloud data gathered according to three-dimensional laser scanner is set up, comprise aircraft 3-D data collection and modeling, software interactive platform set up two large divisions, its particular content and scheme as follows:
1. aircraft 3-D data collection and modeling
This uses three-dimensional laser scanner scan overall aircraft and parts and set up the process of three-dimensional model, can be divided into two parts, i.e. the collection of complete machine three-dimensional data and the 3-D data collection of modeling and parts and modeling.Finally building aircraft maintenance platform is with complete machine three-dimensional data model for basic boom, and the playback of the three-dimensional model of parts is embedded in whole machine model, is formed independently, separable data object.So, be convenient to be separated parts in maintenance process, data extract and visualized operation.
(1) airplane complete machine 3-D data collection and modeling
Detailed process is carried out as follows:
1. the data acquisition of complete machine: namely scan overall aircraft with three-dimensional laser scanner, contains each space in each face of aircraft exterior and cabin.Use total powerstation and the important one point data of collected by camera and color information, for ensuing modeling provides enough data simultaneously.
2. the data processing of complete machine: this process first merges the same coordinate system that the data such as three-dimensional laser scanner, total powerstation, digital camera are carried out based on cloud data.Next noise reduction process is carried out to cloud data, rejects in scanning process the cloud data beyond the aircraft that collects, and in cabin and the data gathered for each time out of my cabin carry out registration, the some cloud of formation complete machine.
3. the modeling of complete machine: by the cloud data of complete machine obtained in step 2, import in Point Cloud Processing and reverse modeling software, set up the overall three-dimensional model of aircraft.
(2) 3-D data collection of aircraft components and modeling
Although the structure of aircraft has kind various, primarily of following five part compositions: wing, fuselage, empennage, take-off and landing device and engine, and these five parts can be subdivided into various parts.Here for engine, the data acquisition of aircraft components, modeling and the playback in complete machine are described.
1. first scan the outside of engine, method is with 1. similar in (1).Then, the parts such as fan, pneumatic plant, turbine, jet pipe of engine are scanned.According to accuracy requirement, adopt hand-held spatial digitizer, scan and store three-dimensional data separately.
2. separately modeling is carried out to the entirety of engine and parts, 2. similar with in (1) of method.Then the engine handled well and parts cloud data are imported in the reverse modeling softwares such as Geomagic or Imageware and carry out modeling.After respective model establishes, assemble in CAD software, make all parts embed engine, form a complete and separable block mold.
3. playback in the complete machine three-dimensional data model engines three-dimensional data model obtained obtained in step (1).
2. the software editing stage
After completing the data acquisition to overall aircraft and parts thereof, enter the edit phase of software platform.It is that maintenance relevant information by parts is associated with in its three-dimensional model that this one-phase mainly contains, and sets up the interactive function required for maintenance.
(1) related information: by the knowledge information (as team, service time etc. are responsible in model, the time of making the product, performance, price, said system, maintenance) of part, repair message (as servicing manual, maintenance cycle, maintenance history, fault numbering, failure-description, maintenance program, required accessory, maintenance responsible official etc.), supplementary (as stockpile number, managerial personnel, receiving personnel, production unit etc.) and other information, be associated with in the three-dimensional data model of foundation.
(2) maintenance interactive function is set up: set up information interaction required in maintenance process and feedback module, fault detect, information inquiry, fault are submitted to, diagnosis feedback, carry out keeping in repair, submission that the information such as interagency coordination can be smooth and easy, real-time, transmission and feedback, set up efficient aircraft maintenance software platform.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: with three-dimensional laser scanning technique, outdoor scene is carried out to aircraft and parts and copy modeling, model data is that aircraft puts cloud information really, data value is high, can directly measure length, area and volume in a model, subdivision X-Y scheme, obtain various spatial data, substitute actual measurement; At present the aircraft of main flow is design abroad on the market, domesticly cannot obtain the accurate data such as its cad model, and patent of the present invention carries out reverse modeling to aircraft and parts thereof, for the independent research of aircraft and the manufacture of parts thereof provide reference accurately; The three-dimensional model of the aircraft that the present invention simultaneously sets up, based on the true coordinate of aircraft, aircraft, parts, parts are independent separable data model, can carry out visual separation, therefore can be used for carrying out staffs training, simulation maintenance etc.; The aircraft 3-dimensional digital maintenance platform of method establishment of the present invention, each independently model of parts be associated with knowledge required for maintenance and information, greatly facilitate maintenance personal, save the study of maintenance personal and the cost of obtaining information, improve repair quality; And maintenance platform has very high interactivity, realize visual, intelligent, integrated lifting, comprehensive coordinate keeps in repair interdepartmental work, reduces handling cost, information flow cost, increases work efficiency greatly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is technology realization flow figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the overall spliced point cloud chart of Air Passenger 340;
Fig. 3 optimizes Air Passenger 340 point cloud chart after extracting;
Fig. 4 is Air Passenger 340 Triangulation Network Model figure;
Fig. 5 is Air Passenger 340 engine Triangulation Network Model figure.
Embodiment
Below we the present invention is further illustrated with instantiation by reference to the accompanying drawings:
All processes of the invention process as shown in Figure 1, can be divided into three-dimensional data modeling and two stages of 3-dimensional digital maintenance platform software editing on the whole.
The three-dimensional data modelling phase contains the foundation of overall aircraft model and model of parts.Although model is in different size, but all need through same treatment step, namely data acquisition is carried out by three-dimensional laser scanner, again the data gathered are carried out splicing in reverse modeling software, noise abatement, pruning, trigonometric ratio, gridding etc., finally form the three-dimensional model that can import CAD software.Then by overall aircraft model and model of parts, according to they actual positional relationship in aircraft, complete three-dimensional digital model is assembled into.
The three-dimensional digital Software Construction stage, then based on the three-dimensional digital model that Point Cloud Data from Three Dimension Laser Scanning is set up before allowing, repair message required for association, sets up the interactive function that maintenance process needs, the 3D Digital maintenance platform that final formation and aircraft maintenance work are docked mutually.
Case study on implementation:
Z+Fimager5010C three-dimensional laser scanner is adopted to scan Air Passenger 340, reverse modeling software GeomagicStudio is utilized to carry out modeling to the data of scanning collection, finally in CAD software, complete assembling, and set up the software platform with maintenance function, specific operation process is as follows:
Step 1: scan aircraft Air Passenger 340 entirety with Z+Fimager5010C three-dimensional laser scanner, comprises in cabin with out of my cabin.Air Passenger 340 is the sweep object that structure is comparatively complicated, needing to carry out multistation scanning to aircraft different parts, comprising engine, wing, fuselage, empennage, take-off and landing device, driving cabin, main cabin etc. to collect comprehensive data.
Step 2: is processed in the data importing computing machine that Z+Fimager5010C three-dimensional laser scanner is obtained.Processing procedure comprises following sub-step:
1. attached look: the data that Z+Fimager5010C three-dimensional laser scanner obtains comprise three-dimensional coordinate a little and colouring information, and this step is added in three-dimensional coordinate point by colouring information.The data after scanning opened by the Z+Flasercontrol software supporting with Z+Fimager5010C scanner, perform attached look and operate.
2. splice: scanner is in the data of different station scans, and its coordinate system is different, and therefore we need the data of diverse location to be stitched together, under being unified in unified coordinate system.In Z+Flasercontrol, choose the common trait point that different website has, carry out the splicing of feature based, under finally allowing all data be unified in the same coordinate system, and be unified into an entirety point cloud.As shown in Figure 2, after the Point-clouds Registration being Air Passenger 340 completes, the some cloud design sketch of the aircraft presented in Z+Flasercontrol software and surrounding environment thereof.
3. optimize: cloud data is processed, better for modeling.The data that Z+Flasercontrol is handled well, be stored as GeomagicStudio can form, import in GeomagicStudio, and remove the noise in useless some cloud and gatherer process, carry out the operations such as uniform sampling, cloud data is optimized.Shown in Fig. 3, it is the point cloud chart of Air Passenger 340 after process optimization and extraction.
4. trigonometric ratio a: cloud is packaged into the polygonal grid model be made up of triangular facet, and process is optimized to it.As Fig. 4, be the lateral plan after the triangulated model encapsulated by the some cloud of Air Passenger 340 and vertical view.
5. curving: by Triangulation Network Model, be converted into nurbs surface model, make it to become the accurate parameters model that can import in CAD software and carry out assembling.
Step 3: the parts of Air Passenger 340 are scanned.For engine, wherein contain overall engine scanning and the part that comprises of engine scans, its process and step 1 similar.After having scanned, according to the method for step 2, three-dimensional model is set up to engine and part thereof.Fig. 5 is the Triangulation Network Model figure of one of them engine of Air Passenger 340 according to said method foundation.
Step 4: the overall aircraft model obtained in step 2 and step 3, engine mockup, part model are imported in CAD software and assemble.Now part is installed in engine mockup, then overall engine model is playbacked in aircraft three-dimensional model.
Step 5: the method for step 3 and step 4, scans other part of aircraft, modeling and assembling, builds the complete model of aircraft.
Step 6: based on complete Air Passenger 340 three-dimensional digital model, develop software platform.Required repair message is associated with in three-dimensional digital model by software, and sets up the Virtual Interactive Interface needed for maintenance.
Claims (4)
1. based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique and a reverse modeling technology, set up the method for digitizing, visual aircraft 3-dimensional digital maintenance platform, the content of its method is: the three dimensional point cloud being obtained overall aircraft and parts by three-dimensional laser scanning technique; Three-dimensional point cloud, through the optimization of Point Cloud Processing software and reverse modeling software and process, forms Triangulation Network Model; Triangulation Network Model is converted into accurate nurbs surface model, and imports in CAD software and assemble, form complete aircraft D Spatial Data Modelling; Finally based on the three-dimensional digital model of aircraft, set up the software platform of aircraft maintenance.
2. according to right 1, set up the method for aircraft 3D Digital maintenance platform, it is characterized in that: aircraft three-dimensional model sets up based on being obtained aircraft point cloud by 3 D laser scanning, there is real three dimensional space coordinate, on model, directly can carry out space measurement replace actual measurement.
3. the method setting up aircraft 3D Digital maintenance platform based on three-dimensional laser scanning technique according to right 1, it is characterized in that: aircraft three-dimensional digital model is by overall aircraft, parts, part, carry out respectively scanning, modeling, be assembled in CAD software, three-dimensional digitalization model carries out visual separation step by step in aircraft maintenance software platform again.
4. the aircraft 3D Digital maintenance platform according to right 1, is characterized in that: the direct correlation such as knowledge information, repair message, supplementary of airplane component is in the Spatial word model of these parts, and maintenance personal can carry out visualized operation in software.
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| CN114707680A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-07-05 | 北京汉端科技有限公司 | Aircraft 3D model generation method and device, electronic equipment and readable medium |
| CN115062022A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-16 | 北京汉端科技有限公司 | Aircraft manual splitting method, device, electronic equipment and computer readable medium |
| CN115062022B (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-08-18 | 北京汉端科技有限公司 | Aircraft manual splitting method, device, electronic equipment and computer readable medium |
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Application publication date: 20150715 |