CN104598697A - Construction method of product simulation three-dimensional model - Google Patents
Construction method of product simulation three-dimensional model Download PDFInfo
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- CN104598697A CN104598697A CN201510071204.9A CN201510071204A CN104598697A CN 104598697 A CN104598697 A CN 104598697A CN 201510071204 A CN201510071204 A CN 201510071204A CN 104598697 A CN104598697 A CN 104598697A
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction method of a product simulation three-dimensional model. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, acquiring prototype data of components, and obtaining physical attribute of the components; establishing a geometric model formed by a triangular patch model outputted by a CAD (computer aided design) system; S2, setting a constraint condition for assembling the components; S3, establishing assembly relation information of the components; generating an assembly relation information set of virtual components; S4, automatically searching the assembly relation information set of the component, finding characteristics of the component corresponding to the assembly relation information set, and realizing the assembly by virtue of the characteristics and the constraint relation between the component and the corresponding component characteristics; S5, simulating the physical attribute of the component. The design information is inputted into a real-time simulation virtual environment in the process for inputting the CAD data into the virtual environment, and the assembly relation information of the components is mapped to the real-time simulation virtual component model, so that the completeness of the design information of the components can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and be applied to the customer-oriented real-time emulation system of high-end manufacturing industry, especially a kind of construction method of product simulation three-dimensional model.
Background technology
Calculate according to American Studies mechanism HIS, within 2010, world's manufacturing industry Gross Output reaches 10 trillion dollars.Wherein, China accounts for 19.8% of world's manufacturing industry output, a little more than 19.4% of the U.S..China bears the role playing " world's factory " already, and manufacturing industry is also the branch of industry of Largest In China and the important component part of national economy.But compare with the manufacturing industry of developed country, China's manufacturing industry competitive edge low SI, innovation ability is not strong, and lack core competitiveness, high value added product dependence on import, production efficiency is obviously not high.Therefore, developing advanced manufacturing technology is the important channel solving a China's manufacturing industry difficult problem.
Advanced manufacturing technology is that traditional manufacture constantly absorbs the up-to-date achievement in the aspects such as machinery, electronics, information, material and modern management technology, and by its integrated application in product manufacturing overall process, i.e. exploitation and design, manufacture, detection, management and after sale service etc., realize high-quality, efficient, low consumption, clean, Agile manufactruing, and obtain the general name of the forward position manufacturing technology of desirable techno-economic effect.Important foundation and the support of development of manufacturing has been become with the manufacturing informatization technology being digitized as core, the development and production process of modern product comprises the design processes such as conceptual design, functional simulation, structural design, also comprises technological design, processing and manufacturing, quality assurance, working service, the product lifecycle links that keeps in repair and even scrap.Digitizing has become the necessary means that product development is produced, adopt digitizing technique, the storage of manufacturing system and development process information, transmission can be realized, share and process, thus realize quantification, optimization, the visual solution to complication system problem.
Be that the China's manufacturing industry digitizing technique of representative is through development for many years with equipment manufacture, achieve certain effect, design at the three-dimensional digital of product, digital prototype application, the digital control processing of frock digital definition, pre-assembled, critical part, have more deep application in product Digital Simulation and test, technique numerical simulation and emulation, product data and manufacturing process management etc.But the information channel of product lifecycle is not yet got through, Digitization Project system is not also formed, and the huge usefulness of digitizing technique plays far away.Also there is huge spread in China compared with developed countries, the high-end manufacturing industry of part implements concurrent engineering, but still rest on product-centered product development theory, and developed country has turned to product development theory customer-centric, in i.e. product development process, the target of product transforms from manufacturing type to service type, adopts the management mode of used for products Life cycle.
The first step of carrying out product design manufacture real-time simulation is exactly the real-time simulation three-dimensional model building parts in systems in which.Parts geometric model needed for real-time simulation completes the structure of parts geometric model by existing CAD system, then directly read the polygonal patch model of CAD system output by system.
The storage of real-time simulation three-dimensional model is different with method for expressing from the storage of model in method for expressing and conventional CAD systems, like this in the loss by causing a lot of design information in the model data transformation of CAD system to real-time simulation virtual environment process, as the assembly information etc. in the geometry of part and topology information, Product assembly model.This is mainly because which kind of file layout no matter the model in real-time simulation virtual environment adopt store, they are all the geometric configuratioies adopting polygonal patch to represent model, that is the geometric configuration of a lot of little polygonal patch approximate representation model be connected successively is adopted, then virtual environment is played up these polygonal patch models, the geometric configuration of the expression model relying on these little polygon planes to be similar to.The advantage of this method for expressing is that process is simple, calculated amount is little in models show and collision detection, can meet the requirement of real-time well, but it has the following disadvantages:
1, tringle coal have lost geological information and the topology information of model of parts, deviser is made to be difficult to analyze accurately product model in virtual environment, mainly because this method for expressing causes the complanation of the geometric properties of arbitrary shape, so accurately can not reflect the shape facility of model in virtual environment;
2, lost a large amount of engineering design information that product information model comprises, the loss of these information makes virtual assembly system be difficult to the engineering informations such as seizure and maintenance items design constraint, simultaneously also for expressing and determining that the assembly relation between part brings difficulty.
Summary of the invention
Design information is inputted real-time simulation virtual environment by the present invention in the process being imported virtual environment by cad data, by the assembly relation information MAP of part on real-time simulation fictitious zero partial model, ensures the integrality of parts design information.
The present invention realizes in the following manner:
A construction method for product simulation three-dimensional model, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1 gathers parts prototype data, obtains the physical attribute of parts; Set up CAD system
The geometric model that the tringle coal exported is formed;
S2 sets the constraint condition of parts assembling;
S3 builds parts assembly relation information; The assembly relation information set of generating virtual parts;
The assembly relation information set of these parts of S4 automatic search, then finds the feature of corresponding parts by assembly relation information set, rely on feature and the restriction relation between corresponding parts feature, realizes assembling;
S5 analogue zero component physical attribute.
Further, constraint condition described in S2 comprises dimension constraint and locus constraint.
Two parts are assembled together, these two parts must meet certain constraint condition, these constraint conditions are constraints of constraint in size and locus, that is, the size relationship of shape facility two parts participating in assemble must mate, or two parts must meet the design idea of deviser on spatial relation.When the size two parts participating in the shape facility assembled is not mated, interfere during assembling, two parts cannot assemble, and cause interference during assembling equally, and can not complete the function of expection when the locus of two parts does not meet.
Further, parts assembly relation information described in S3 at least comprises the assembly relation between parts shape facility, geometric element and their dimensional parameters and these characteristic sum geometric elements; Described assembly relation comprises positioning relation, annexation and kinematic relation.
Described positioning relation include cooperation, alignment or tangent in one or more;
Described annexation comprises one or more that indirectly connect or directly connect;
Described kinematic relation comprises one or more of transmission or relative motion.
Further, assembly relation information set described in S3 also comprises the restriction relation of two parts and the tolerance of assembling element.
In product structure, parts can assemble with multiple parts, and therefore parts just have the multiple shape facility or the geometric element that carry out assembly constraint with other parts, that is fictitious zero parts have multiple assembly relation information.
Further, physical attribute described in S5 comprises gravity attribute.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: avoid geological information and topology information that tringle coal have lost model of parts, deviser can not be made to be difficult to analyze accurately product model in virtual environment.
Avoid lost a large amount of engineering design information that product information model comprises, make virtual assembly system can not be difficult to catch and the engineering information such as maintenance items design constraint, simultaneously also for expression and determine that the assembly relation between part brings easy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1extract the assembly relation information MAP structural representation of virtual parts;
fig. 2virtual product carries out assembling campaign schematic diagram.
Embodiment
A construction method for product simulation three-dimensional model, comprises the following steps:
S1 gathers parts prototype data, obtains the physical attribute of parts; Set up CAD system
The geometric model that the tringle coal exported is formed;
S2 sets the constraint condition of parts assembling;
S3 builds parts assembly relation information; The assembly relation information set of generating virtual parts;
The assembly relation information set of these parts of S4 automatic search, then finds the feature of corresponding parts by assembly relation information set, rely on feature and the restriction relation between corresponding parts feature, realizes assembling;
S5 analogue zero component physical attribute.
The foundation of the geometric model of parts is exactly the polygon model reading the tringle coal formation that CAD system exports.
Further, constraint condition described in S2 comprises dimension constraint and locus constraint.
Further, parts assembly relation information described in S3 at least comprises the assembly relation between parts shape facility, geometric element and their dimensional parameters and these characteristic sum geometric elements; Described assembly relation comprises positioning relation, annexation and kinematic relation.
Further, assembly relation information set described in S3 also comprises the restriction relation of two parts and the tolerance of assembling element.
Further, physical attribute described in S5 comprises gravity attribute.
Two parts are assembled together, these two parts must meet certain constraint condition, these constraint conditions are constraints of constraint in size and locus, that is, the size relationship of shape facility two parts participating in assemble must mate, or two parts must meet the design idea of deviser on spatial relation.When the size two parts participating in the shape facility assembled is not mated, interfere during assembling, two parts cannot assemble, and cause interference during assembling equally, and can not complete the function of expection when the locus of two parts does not meet.
Described positioning relation include cooperation, alignment or tangent in one or more;
Described annexation comprises one or more that indirectly connect or directly connect;
Described kinematic relation comprises one or more of transmission or relative motion.
So the assembly relation information of fictitious zero parts at least should comprise the assembly relation between shape facility on parts, geometric element and their dimensional parameters and these characteristic sum geometric elements.Wherein assembly relation is extremely important to the location between parts, has a lot of assembly relation between parts, as shown in the table:
In the present embodiment, with two kinds of assembly relations for citing.
Fit in face, face.
The laminating of face, face is that a pair geometric surface of two parts of constraint is mutually bonded to each other.Face, face close fit limits parts in the movement of the normal orientation of the geometric surface of mutually constraint and around two rotations perpendicular to normal orientation.The parts meeting face, face close fit for a pair have 3 freedoms of motion when not having other to retrain, namely a rotational freedom around constraint geometric surface normal orientation and two edges are perpendicular to the one-movement-freedom-degree of this normal direction.
Line line conllinear.
Line line conllinear coordinates most typical cooperation to be that axle coordinates with hole, this cooperation is restriction relation comparatively conventional in Product Assembly, the restriction relation that it realizes is the axis of axle and the axis collinear in hole, which limit the usefulness the one-movement-freedom-degree of parts in two orthogonal directions perpendicular to axis.When the parts with the constraint of line line conllinear have minimum freedom of motion when not having other to retrain, namely restrained parts can only move along axis direction and be rotated about axis.
In order to ensure that product completes specific function, when two parts exist assembly relation, between them, certainly exist tolerance on fit.Tolerance on fit not only ensures matching relationship correct between parts, completes the function of expection, and tolerance on fit affects the assembly method of parts, and the checking for parts assembling capacity is extremely important, and therefore assembly relation will embody the tolerance on fit between parts.Tolerance on fit not only comprises the size in axle and hole but also comprises basic deviation and the grade of tolerance in axle and hole, and different basic deviations and the grade of tolerance form clearance fit, transition fit and interference fit between axle and hole.Tolerance on fit can with 5 element group representation T={ BD, AB, ATG, BB, BTG }.Wherein T is Tolerence, and represent tolerance on fit, BD represents basic size, and the axle cooperatively interacted is identical with the basic size in hole could realize assembling.AB represents the basic deviation of the shape facility on part A, and ATG represents the grade of tolerance number of the shape facility on parts A, and BB represents the basic deviation of the shape facility on parts B, and BTG represents the grade of tolerance number of the shape facility on parts B.The basic deviation of the shape facility on parts represents with upper case and lower case respectively, and capitalization represents that this shape facility is hole, and small letter represents that this shape facility is axle.
In the present embodiment, an assembly relation information of parts is made up of 4 parts, they are the assembling element on parts cad model respectively, the assembling element on the Assembly part coordinated with this assembling element, the restriction relation of two parts and the tolerance of assembling element.Assembling element is shape facility on parts cad model or geometric element, and shape facility comprises axle, hole, groove etc., and geometric element comprises face, limit, axis etc., and they are all to having assembled effect of contraction.Assembly relation information can use quadruple notation:
ARI=::{AssemblyElement,AssemblyPart,RestrictType,Tolerence}。
Wherein AssemblyElement is the assembling element on part C AD model;
MateElement is the assembling element on assembling parts cad model;
RestrictType is restriction relation;
Tolerence is tolerance.
In product structure, parts can assemble with multiple parts, and therefore parts just have the multiple shape facility or the geometric element that carry out assembly constraint with other parts, that is fictitious zero parts have multiple assembly relation information.Due to the assembly relation information that each fictitious zero parts have quantity not wait, we can describe the assembly relation information of fictitious zero parts with chained list, it is described below:
typed struct ARI
{
AssemblyElement*geometryelement; Assembling element on // sensing part C AD model
AssemblyElement*mateelement; Assembling element on // sensing mating parts cad model
ConstrainType constrain; // assembly constraint type
Tolerence tolerence; // tolerance
ARI*nextNode; // next node
}
First element of chained list points on parts cad model to participate in the shape facility of assembly constraint or the pointer of geometric element, second element of chained list points on parts cad model to participate in the shape facility of assembly constraint or the pointer of geometric element, 3rd element is assembly restriction, 4th element is the tolerance of assembling element, and the 5th element is the pointer pointing to chained list next node.
Because the mixture model representation of existing CAD system many employings CSG and B-Rep carries out modeling, thus we with the radiating side structured data storage organization of mixture model representation for research object and the assembly relation information set of the assembling model of combination product establishment fictitious zero parts.
In addition because traditional CAD system not to specify the tolerance on fit between parts at three-dimensional modeling and when assembling, tolerance on fit can not be extracted from the geometric model of the assembling model of product and parts, also needs user manually to add tolerance on fit when creating Virtual assembly feature.
The assembly relation information extracting virtual parts is exactly on the cad model of parts, find the shape facility or geometric element with assembly project meaning, namely participation is assembled and is produced shape facility or the geometric element of assembly constraint, and these shape facilities or geometric element are associated with the assembly project meaning that it has, the common assembly relation information forming fictitious zero parts.
We operate appointment parts in CAD system, essence operates its data structure exactly, in fact the pointer finding exactly face, limit in the data structure of model is chosen, so be exactly set up a pointer quoted geometric element or shape facility by assembly relation information points geometric element or shape facility to the face on parts, limit etc.The trim designs intention extracting parts is shown with following Fig. 1 of mapping structure of cad model.
The assembly relation catching parts in real-time emulation system be exactly Assembly Engineer when Virtual assemble, the restriction relation of parts is embodied on dummy model.Its thought is: in real-time simulation environment, Assembly Engineer's operation be the polygon model of fictitious zero parts, when these parts and other parts have assembly relation to exist, the assembly relation information set of these fictitious zero parts of system automatic search, then by the mapping relations of shape facility or geometric element on assembly relation information set and parts cad model, shape facility on the parts cad model finding assembly relation information to concentrate each assembly relation information corresponding or geometric element, rely on the restriction relation between shape facility on these shape facilities or geometric element and other parts cad models or geometric element, realize the constraint of fictitious zero parts in virtual environment.Although Assembly Engineer's direct control is the polygon model of fictitious zero parts, but because real-time emulation system assembly relation between the assembling model of product and parts, so ensure that fictitious zero parts assemble according to the design idea of designer at internal maintenance.
Under the space, assembling model place of product and virtual assembly environment are defined in a world coordinate system OXYZ, the object coordinates system of the assembling model of product is maintained static, and its true origin and 3 coordinate axis overlap with OXYZ respectively, true origin and 3 coordinate axis of O ° X ° Y ° Z °, the object coordinates system of the assembling model of virtual product also overlap with OXYZ respectively, but can move.Owing to wanting when Assembly Engineer assembles virtual product constantly the assembling model of virtual product to be rotated, the operation such as translation, so the object coordinates of assembling model will constantly change under tying up to world coordinate system OXYZ, following Fig. 2.
In real-time simulation, the physical attribute of part can store by a structure, this physical attribute structure as follows:
struct physical property
{
Double mass; // quality
Centerofmass*centerofmass; // centroid position
Double*interia [3] [3]; // moment of inertia
}
Wherein being described below of parts centroid position:
struct centerofmass
{
Double x; The x coordinate of // barycenter
Double y; The y coordinate of // barycenter
Double z; The y coordinate of // barycenter
}
The moment of inertia of part is a matrix, and it is described below:
Claims (5)
1. a construction method for product simulation three-dimensional model, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1 gathers parts prototype data, obtains the physical attribute of parts; Set up CAD system
The geometric model that the tringle coal exported is formed;
S2 sets the constraint condition of parts assembling;
S3 builds parts assembly relation information; The assembly relation information set of generating virtual parts;
The assembly relation information set of these parts of S4 automatic search, then finds the feature of corresponding parts by assembly relation information set, rely on feature and the restriction relation between corresponding parts feature, realizes assembling;
S5 analogue zero component physical attribute.
2. the construction method of product simulation three-dimensional model according to claim 1, is characterized in that, constraint condition described in S2 comprises dimension constraint and locus constraint.
3. the construction method of product simulation three-dimensional model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, parts assembly relation information described in S3 at least comprises the assembly relation between parts shape facility, geometric element and their dimensional parameters and these characteristic sum geometric elements; Described assembly relation comprises positioning relation, annexation and kinematic relation.
4. the construction method of product simulation three-dimensional model according to claim 3, is characterized in that, assembly relation information set described in S3 also comprises the restriction relation of two parts and the tolerance of assembling element.
5. the construction method of product simulation three-dimensional model according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, physical attribute described in S5 comprises gravity attribute.
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| CN104992371A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-10-21 | 山东大学 | Part engineering drawing generation system based precision positioning and working method thereof |
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| CN108763765A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-06 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | A method of multidimensional installation diagram is drawn based on simulation model |
| CN110136242A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-08-16 | 南昌理工学院 | Unmanned plane model system and electronic equipment |
| CN110136242B (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2023-08-25 | 南昌理工学院 | Unmanned aerial vehicle model system and electronic equipment |
| CN113792362A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-14 | 上海设序科技有限公司 | Mechanical design scheme step-by-step recommendation method |
| CN113792362B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-09-19 | 上海设序科技有限公司 | Step-by-step recommendation method for mechanical design scheme |
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Application publication date: 20150506 |