CN104775343A - Method for improving traffic efficiency at plane crossroad - Google Patents
Method for improving traffic efficiency at plane crossroad Download PDFInfo
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- CN104775343A CN104775343A CN201510090888.7A CN201510090888A CN104775343A CN 104775343 A CN104775343 A CN 104775343A CN 201510090888 A CN201510090888 A CN 201510090888A CN 104775343 A CN104775343 A CN 104775343A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving traffic efficiency at a plane crossroad, which belongs to the field of traffic. A crossroad needs four phases to avoid conflicts among traffic flows, and delay occurs in starting of vehicles during switching of the phases; and to reduce influence of the delay, the periods of the phases have to be prolonged, which leads to decrease of a service level. According to the invention, in virtue of adjustment of road markers and traffic lights, a left-turn diverting lane and a bus left-turn diverting lane striding over lanes of two opposite directions are arranged in the entrance of the crossroad; and stop lines and signal lamps are additionally arranged, and through control of the signal lamps, traffic flows from two opposite directions can move for a period of time without conflict. The method eventually has the following effects: the four phases are reduced to two main straight lanes, and a left-turn phase is compressed into a straight lane; the green-time-rate of each traffic flow is improved, wherein the green-time-rate of two straight lanes both approaches 50%, and the green-time-rate of the left-turn phase is up to 25 to 30%; a period is shortened while efficiency is not influenced, and waiting time is reduced; and priority passages for buses are provided so as to facilitate left turning of the buses.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of traffic, for improving grade crossing traffic efficiency.
Background technology
Urban road is highdensity net structure, generally just has the intersection of strategic road every three or four hundred meters.Intersection divides at grade intersection, roundabout and graded crossing.The intersection of grade separation, because floor space is large, with high costs, be not suitable for the shortcoming such as pedestrian and bicycle, is difficult to widely apply in urban road; And roundabout is easy to blocking when the magnitude of traffic flow is large, be also not suitable for widely applying.Current mainly grade crossing, particularly plane right-angled intersection and T-junction crossing.
The entrance wagon flow in each direction, plane cross intersection has craspedodrome, left-hand rotation, turns right, turn around four kinds of situations, and four direction has 16 kinds of wagon flows, and each direction also has pedestrian stream and non-vehicle flow.In order to be optimized distribution to conflict traffic flow, avoiding wagon flow, the stream of people intersects, needing to control all directions motor vehicle by signal system (being commonly called as traffic lights), bicycle, pedestrian's timesharing take crossing.Traffic lights have a variety of phase combination mode, and science proves for plane cross intersection, must four phase places just wagon flow can be separated completely, such as the crossing that two main roads intersect, thing can be adopted to keep straight on, thing turns left, keep straight in north and south, north and south four phase places of turning left are separated.
Because grade crossing must use in timesharing, become the Main Bottleneck of urban traffic.And vehicle start has comparatively long delay when Phase-switching, increase the weight of the burden at crossing.Pass through 40 meters of crossings according to statistics car from starting to walk to and spend 8-10 second, if and vehicle is by 10 meter per seconds (36 kilometers of speed per hours) as long as by 40 meters of crossings 4 seconds, therefore during each Phase-switching, vehicle start causes about 4-6 time delay in second, and four phase places have time delay about 16-24 second.
For Traffic Systems, the efficiency promoting public transit system is very important link.Such as a lot of place is provided with dedicated bus lanes passing through for public transport on the right side of road.Be convenient to bus like this to pull in on-board and off-board, but will cross direct lane from the dedicated bus lanes of the rightmost side when bus turns left enters left turn lane again, such bus turns left very difficult, also very large to the interference of direct lane.
People adopt the adjustment comprised on room and time of a lot of way to improve the efficiency at crossing, as throughput is improved in broadening intersection; Set up " left-hand bend area to be transferred " and improve left-hand rotation efficiency; By expanding period length, reduce the impact of starting time delay, such as total cycle is 60 seconds, then had 1/3 time to be wasted, if cycle stretch-out is 120 seconds, then only had for 1/6 time be wasted.Above measure improves the ability of crossing by motor vehicle, but also has limitation, even brings new problem, and such as the length of street crossing can be strengthened in broadening intersection; Extend phase time and can lengthen stand-by period etc. of vehicle and pedestrian, these all can worsen the situation etc. that pedestrian goes across the road in capital, have serious side effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention attempts do not changing road itself, relies on the adjustment of roadmarking and traffic lights, reaches following effect:
By four phase-compression to two main craspedodrome phase place, and left turn phase is compressed in craspedodrome phase place; Promote the split shared by all directions traffic flow, make two crucial craspedodrome phase place splits all close to 50%, and in 50% of a craspedodrome phase bit stealing, its left turn phase split embedded can reach 25% to 30%, is left for the walk time; Shortening cycle to 60 second (without cross walk) or 80 seconds (having cross walk) and do not affect by efficiency, shorten vehicle and pedestrian's stand-by period; There is provided public traffic in priority passage, especially bus turns left to provide privileged way.
Roadmarking and signal lamp design are as Fig. 1.The crossing of four direction is the same, illustrates below for south orientation crossing.
A stop line is set at crossing entrance certain distance (about hundred meters), is called preposition stop line (16).After preposition stop line, be preposition left-hand rotation distribution lane (17) respectively, preposition craspedodrome right-hand rotation distribution lane (18).Before preposition stop line, left-hand bend distribution lane (15), craspedodrome distribution lane (14) and craspedodrome right-hand rotation distribution lane (13) are set.Left-hand rotation distribution lane strides across exit lane (23) on the left of it, extends a segment distance, and be called left side left-hand rotation distribution lane (25), left-hand rotation distribution lane front is left-hand rotation stop line (22), is then left-hand rotation leading line (21); Craspedodrome right-hand rotation distribution lane front is further divided into craspedodrome distribution lane (8) and right-hand rotation distribution lane (9), and be then stop line (4), right-hand rotation distribution lane front is right-hand rotation leading line (3).
In order to realize public traffic in priority, dedicated bus lanes (19) (about about 30 meters) after preposition stop line certain distance arranges public transport stop line (11) again.Region after public transport stop line is public transport left-hand rotation area to be driving (12), is public transport left-hand rotation distribution lane (10) before public transport stop line, strides across the left-hand rotation distribution lane that then craspedodrome distribution lane, exit lane are incorporated to left side.
Between left-hand rotation distribution lane and exit lane, crosspoint is called the first crosspoint (26).Public transport left-hand rotation distribution lane and craspedodrome distribution lane crosspoint are called the second crosspoint (10), claim the 3rd crosspoint (24) with the crosspoint of exit lane.
Three groups of preposition traffic lights are set in crossing, each direction, are called SL0(5 at south orientation), SS0(6), SG0(7) in north, west, east to then doing prefix with N, W, E respectively, be called NL0, NS0, NG0, WL0, WS0, WG0, EL0, ES0, EG0 etc.), control preposition left-hand rotation distribution lane (17) respectively, the vehicle of preposition craspedodrome right-hand rotation distribution lane (18) and public transport area to be driving (12).Opposite, crossing, each direction is the craspedodrome (1) of conventional configuration, right-hand rotation traffic lights (2) (be called SS at south orientation, SR, in north, west, east to then doing prefix with N, W, E respectively, be called NS, NR, WS, WR, ES, ER), control craspedodrome distribution lane, right-hand rotation distribution lane respectively.Because left-hand rotation distribution lane moves on to left side, left-hand rotation traffic lights (20) (be called SL at south orientation, in north, west, east is to NL, WL, EL) move on to left-hand rotation distribution lane opposite, are convenient to this track driver and see.
The state of the crossing all directions wagon flow stream of people is controlled by the conventional traffic lights of the preposition traffic lights in all directions crossing and opposite, crossing, and the phase bit timing that signal lamp adopts is as Fig. 2.By Signalized control, phase place can be divided into phase place 1(T0-T1) to phase place 10(T9-T10).Wherein again can some phase place altogether, as T2-T7 being called north and south craspedodrome phase place, T2-T4 is called north and south left turn phase, T7-T2 of lower cycle is called thing craspedodrome phase place, T7-T9 is called thing left turn phase.Before the phase place of north and south, the latter half (T0-T2) of thing phase place can be utilized, when not affecting thing and keeping straight on, turned left in north-south car and craspedodrome, right-hand rotation car is diverted to road both sides, like this when north and south phase place starts, keep straight in north-south, turn left, turn right, the car that turns around can move a period of time (T2-T4) by Lothrus apterus.For south orientation crossing, south orientation left-hand rotation car can be stopped before north orientation straightgoing vehicle arrives the first crosspoint to enter the first crosspoint, avoid left-hand rotation car to conflict with straightgoing vehicle.South orientation left-hand rotation bus was started to walk in the T0 moment, stopped crossing public transport stop line in the T2 moment, avoided conflicting in the second crosspoint with south orientation straightgoing vehicle with north orientation straightgoing vehicle in the 3rd crosspoint conflict.Because common car just to be started to walk and its position lags behind bus in the T1 moment, bus obtains priority.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is roadmarking and signal lamp design
Fig. 2 is signal timing diagram
Fig. 3 is original state figure
Fig. 4 is phase place 1 state diagram
Fig. 5 is phase place 2 state diagram
Fig. 6 is phase place 3 state diagram
Fig. 7 is phase place 4 state diagram
Fig. 8 is phase place 5 state diagram
Fig. 9 is phase place 6 state diagram
Figure 10 is phase place 7 state diagram
Figure 11 is phase place 8 state diagram
Figure 12 is phase place 9 state diagram
Figure 13 is phase place 10 state diagram
Detailed description of the invention
The state of the crossing all directions wagon flow stream of people is controlled by the advance signal lamp in all directions crossing and opposite, crossing normal signal lamp.We are with 80 seconds for the cycle below, and the state of crossing all directions wagon flow and the stream of people is described according to signal lamp phase place sequential chart.(to the west of, south to wagon flow people flow specification, east, the north to the wagon flow stream of people be with west, south to symmetry, do not explain below).Original state west, south to the wagon flow stream of people as Fig. 3.Wherein WL0 is red light, and west wagon flow of turning left and turn around is waited for before preposition stop line; WS0 is red light, and west stops crossing preposition stop line to craspedodrome and right-hand rotation car; WG0 is red light, and west is waited for before public transport stop line to public transport left turn traffic; WL is red light, and west changes trains or buses left to wait for before left-hand rotation stop line (the actual car waited for is few); WR is for for red light, and west lane change to right-hand rotation distribution lane of changing trains or buses to the right is waited for; WS is green light, and straightgoing vehicle passes through crossing; WP is red light, and pedestrian waits for crossing in west; SP is red light, and south orientation crossing should stop lower road, and Yi Xia road pedestrian should be quickly through; SR is red light, and right-hand rotation car in south orientation crossing is waited at stop line; SS is red light, and south orientation crossing straightgoing vehicle waits for (general N-free diet method vehicle) at stop line; SL is red light, and left-hand rotation car in south orientation crossing waits for (general N-free diet method vehicle) at left-hand rotation stop line; SG0, SS0 are red light, and south orientation crossing bus is waited at public transport stop line; SS0 is red light, and keep straight in south orientation crossing and right-hand rotation car is waited at preposition stop line; SL0 is red light, and left-hand rotation car in south orientation crossing is waited at preposition stop line.
2. phase place 1(0-5 second)
This phase place is that north-south public traffic in priority and East and West direction craspedodrome right-hand rotation end phase place in advance.SG0, NG0 red light becomes green light, and north-south bus is preferentially from dedicated bus lanes starting to left-hand bend distribution lane, craspedodrome distribution lane, right-hand bend distribution lane.WS0, ES0 green light reddens lamp, and East and West direction craspedodrome right-hand rotation car stops crossing preposition stop line, is East and West direction public transport left-hand rotation slot milling.
3. phase place 2(5-10 second)
This phase place is north-south preliminary phases.In this phase place, north-south car is shunted in advance, enters respective track.Wherein SL0, NL0 red light becomes green light, the south orientation car that turns around turns around from preposition left-hand rotation distribution lane, the starting of north-south left-hand rotation car is crossed subtend track and is entered left side left-hand rotation distribution lane, because transmeridional left and right turning car stopped when 70 seconds upper cycles, left-hand rotation car can not be affected in subtend track after 15 seconds; SS0, NS0 red light becomes green light, and keep straight in north-south and the starting of right-hand rotation car enters craspedodrome right-hand rotation distribution lane, and due to ground zero, this part also can not affect left-hand rotation bus.
4. phase place 3(10-20 second)
This phase place is north-south master phase.SL, SS, SR, NL, NS, NR red light becomes green light, and north-south car is crossed crossing stop line and entered crossing by track.WS, ES green light reddens lamp, and East and West direction car is prohibited from entering crossing.Because East and West direction straightgoing vehicle is stoped at preposition stop line by red light 0 second time in advance, its wake flow (by 50KM speed per hour) essentially by crossing, did not affect the current of north-south vehicle through 10 second time.Keep straight on, right-hand rotation car started to walk 5 seconds time, the second intersection around through 5 seconds.NG0, SG0 green light reddens lamp, and left-hand rotation bus in north-south should stop crossing public transport stop line, avoids conflicting in the second intersection with the wagon flow of right-hand rotation shunt line of keeping straight on.North-south craspedodrome and right-hand rotation bus can be walked around left-hand rotation bus and move on.In order to avoid left-hand rotation bus overflows in stop zone, sufficient length (as generally more than 20 meters can be stopped two buses) should be set.
5. phase place 4(20-30 second)
This phase place is that north-south turns left to end phase place in advance.The preposition left rotaring signal lamp of SL0, NL0() green light reddens lamp, and turn left in north-south and the car that turns around is forbidden crossing preposition stop line, to avoid conflicting in the first intersection with subtend straightgoing vehicle.(suppose crossing width 40 meters, first intersection to crossing distance 80 meters, then subtend stop line to the first intersection distance is 120 meters, subtend straightgoing vehicle crossed stop line at 10 seconds, suppose starting stage average speed per hour 36KM, 10 seconds range abilities 100 meters, therefore also have the safe distance of 20 meters from the first intersection).
6. phase place 5(30-40 second)
This phase place is that left and right the changing trains or buses in north-south ends phase place.WP, EP red light becomes green light, and East and West direction pedestrian started cross walk, and SL, NL, SR, NR green light reddens lamp, and left and right the changing trains or buses in north-south forbids crossing stop line, and left and right wake flow of changing trains or buses should be quickly through, to avoid and East and West direction Pedestrian conflicts.The preposition left rotaring signal lamp of SL0, NL0() 20 seconds time, become red light, left-hand rotation distribution lane should be cleared, before substantially not having vehicle to be stopped in left-hand rotation stop line within the 10 second time of 20-30 second.Preposition craspedodrome right turn signal lamp SS0 is that green light is (when continuing to 45 seconds, the totally 15 second time), may continue have vehicle to enter right-hand rotation distribution lane, the guarantee of enough right-hand rotation distribution lane length must be arranged do not overflow and (arrange about 70 meters of length can stop 10 dollies,), if really often overflowed, can shunt with nonmotorized vehicle lane.
7. phase place 6(40-45 second)
This phase place is that East and West direction public traffic in priority phase place and north-south craspedodrome right-hand rotation end phase place in advance.WG0, EG0 red light becomes green light, and East and West direction bus is preferentially from dedicated bus lanes starting left-hand bend distribution lane, craspedodrome distribution lane, right-hand bend distribution lane.SS0, NS0 green light reddens lamp, and keep straight in north-south, right-hand rotation car stops crossing preposition stop line, is the slot millings such as public transport left-hand rotation.
8. phase place 7(45-50 second)
This phase place is East and West direction preliminary phases.In this phase place, East and West direction car is shunted in advance, enters respective track.Wherein WL0, EL0 red light becomes green light, and the East and West direction car that turns around turns around from preposition left-hand rotation distribution lane, and the starting of East and West direction left-hand rotation car is crossed subtend track and entered left side left-hand rotation distribution lane, because the left and right turning car in north-south stops 40 seconds time, left-hand rotation car can not be affected in subtend track; WS0, ES0 red light becomes green light, and East and West direction is kept straight on and the starting of right-hand rotation car enters craspedodrome right-hand rotation distribution lane, can not affect left-hand rotation bus.
9. phase place 8(50-60 second)
This phase place is East and West direction master phase.WL, WR, WS, EL, ER, ES red light becomes green light, and East and West direction car is crossed crossing stop line and entered crossing by track.SS, NS green light reddens lamp, and north-south car is prohibited from entering crossing.Because north-south straightgoing vehicle is stoped at preposition stop line by red light 40 seconds time in advance, its wake flow (by 50KM speed per hour) essentially by crossing, did not affect the current of East and West direction vehicle through 10 second time.WG0 green light reddens lamp, left-hand rotation bus should stop crossing public transport stop line 50 seconds time, this be owing to keeping straight on, the starting 45 seconds time of right-hand rotation car, the second intersection around through 5 seconds, left-hand rotation bus must be avoided conflicting in the second intersection with the wagon flow of right-hand rotation shunt line of keeping straight on.Craspedodrome and right-hand rotation bus can be walked around left-hand rotation bus and move on.In order to avoid left-hand rotation bus overflows in stop zone, sufficient length (as generally more than 20 meters can be stopped two buses) should be set.
10. phase place 9(60-70 second)
This phase place is that East and West direction turns left to end phase place in advance.WL0, EL0 green light reddens lamp, and East and West direction is turned left, the car that turns around is forbidden crossing preposition stop line, to avoid conflicting in the first intersection with subtend straightgoing vehicle, and the explanation of reason same-phase 4.
11. phase place 10(70-80 seconds)
This phase place is left and right turn of East and West direction cut-off phase place.Left and right the changing trains or buses of WL, WR East and West direction forbids crossing stop line, to avoid and north-south Pedestrian conflicts.SP, NP red light becomes green light, and north-south pedestrian started cross walk.Because WL0 becomes red light 60 seconds time, left-hand rotation distribution lane should be cleared within 10 second time, before substantially not having vehicle to be stopped in left-hand rotation stop line.Preposition craspedodrome, right turn signal lamp WS0 are green light, continue to T1(5 second) totally 15 second time, may continue have vehicle to enter right-hand rotation distribution lane, the guarantee of enough right-hand rotation distribution lane length must be arranged do not overflow and (arrange about 70 meters of length can stop 10 dollies,), if really often overflowed, can shunt with nonmotorized vehicle lane.
Can be summarized as follows from foregoing description: 1. the cycle is controlled in 80 seconds; 2. public traffic in priority is fully guaranteed, and left-hand rotation bus also can easily pass through in lane change.From the starting of public transport stop line during north-south bus 0 second, preferentially occupy the position of left-hands rotation, craspedodrome, when 10 seconds, preferentially can cross stop line; From the starting of public transport stop line during East and West direction bus 40 seconds, preferentially occupy the position of left-hands rotation, craspedodrome, when 50 seconds, preferentially can cross stop line; 3. the transit time of straightgoing vehicle is 40 seconds, and maximum wait time is 40 seconds, and split is close to 50%.Start to walk from public transport stop line during north-south public transport straightgoing vehicle 0 second, ordinary straight drive a vehicle 5 seconds time start to walk from preposition stop line, when 10 seconds, stop line is crossed in public transport straightgoing vehicle and ordinary straight driving, preposition stop line was stopped to when 45 seconds, stopping stop line when 50 seconds, first 10 seconds is readiness time in crossing, for eliminating starting time delay, 10-50 has 40 second time for effectively by the time second, and split is close to 50%.In like manner during East and West direction bus 40 seconds from the starting of public transport stop line, start to walk from preposition stop line during straightgoing vehicle 45 seconds, stopped stop line during 10 seconds lower cycles, effective transit time is also 40 seconds, and split is close to 50%; 4. the transit time of left-hand rotation car is 20 seconds, and maximum wait time is 60 seconds, and split is close to 25%.Start to walk from public transport stop line during north-south public transport left-hand rotation car 0 second, start to walk from preposition stop line during common left-hand rotation car 5 seconds, when 10 seconds, public transport left-hand rotation car and common left-hand rotation car can cross stop line in turn, to stopping when 30 seconds crossing left-hand rotation stop line, left-hand rotation total effectively transit time in north-south is totally 20 seconds second of 10-30, reaches about 25% of total cycle.Start to walk from public transport stop line during in like manner East and West direction public transport left-hand rotation car 40 seconds, start to walk from preposition stop line during common left-hand rotation car 45 seconds, when 50 seconds, public transport left-hand rotation car and common left-hand rotation car can cross stop line in turn, to stopping when 70 seconds crossing left-hand rotation stop line, the total effectively transit time of East and West direction left-hand rotation is 50-70 second (totally 20 seconds), reaches about 25% of total cycle; 5. the split of right-hand rotation car is close to 25%.In order to avoid right-hand rotation car and other direction left-hand rotation car conflict and avoid right-hand rotation car and other direction Pedestrian conflicts in this programme, controlled by right turn signal to be set to and turn left consistent, split is close to 25%.If conditions permit, also right-turn lane can be moved on to nonmotorized vehicle lane, traffic light signal is not set and control; 6. cross walk transit time is 20 seconds, and the stand-by period the longest is 60 seconds.In this programme, East and West direction pedestrian is in phase place 5, and 6,7 cross cross walk, and transit time is 20 seconds; North-south pedestrian is in phase place 10, and 1,2 cross cross walk, and transit time is 20 seconds.Pedestrian's stand-by period is about 60 seconds.
Claims (4)
1. the feature improving the method for grade crossing traffic efficiency is that certain distance arranges left-hand bend water conservancy diversion track and public transport left-hand rotation water conservancy diversion track in the grade crossing entrance that common belisha beacon controls.
2. the feature in left-hand bend water conservancy diversion track is that this track strides across subtend track, to extend on the left of subtend track and on the left of it, to leave the track of certain length; Can be further characterized in that has a stop line before striding across subtend track, and have one group of preposition left rotaring signal lamp to control left-hand bend vehicle to cross this line; Be further characterized in that stop line extends on side craspedodrome right-hand rotation distribution lane, and have one group of preposition craspedodrome right turn signal lamp control craspedodrome and right-hand bend vehicle can cross this line.
3. the feature in public transport left-hand bend water conservancy diversion track is that this track is that dedicated bus lanes or other tracks on the right side of direct lane are arranged, and this track strides across direct lane and subtend track, to extend on the left of subtend track and to merge with water conservancy diversion track of turning left described in right 2; Can be further characterized in that has a stop line before striding across direct lane, and have one group of preposition bus signals lamp to control vehicle to cross this line; Be further characterized in that bus left-hand rotation water conservancy diversion track stop line should be ahead of stop line certain distance described in right 2.
4. right 2, preposition left-hand rotation described in right 3, preposition craspedodrome is turned right, preposition bus signals lamp and the letter by ordinary signal lamp described in right 1 link, control bus and preferentially occupy the position of turning right of turning left to keep straight on, control to utilize the stand-by period to be diverted to road both sides with craspedodrome right-hand rotation car, avoid conflicting of the left-hand rotation car that moves at one time and subtend straightgoing vehicle.
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| CN106337344A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-18 | 张明 | Multi-fork intersection structure and lower-road entry method |
| CN106337345A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-18 | 张明 | Multi-fork intersection structure and upper-road entry signal-control method |
| CN107293128A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-24 | 刘国杰 | Big flow level-crossing complex control system |
| CN110047300A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-23 | 合肥学院 | Turn left wait a method for real-time optimization control of driving a vehicle intersection |
| CN110629611A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-31 | 周立新 | Traffic system |
| CN111429735A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-07-17 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Motor vehicle signal lamp control method and device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN114657829A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-06-24 | 李云柯 | Method for setting crossroad capable of realizing simultaneous travelling of multidirectional vehicles |
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| CN107293128A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-24 | 刘国杰 | Big flow level-crossing complex control system |
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| CN114657829A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-06-24 | 李云柯 | Method for setting crossroad capable of realizing simultaneous travelling of multidirectional vehicles |
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