CN1047725C

CN1047725C - Vacuum pre-refrigerating multi-kind air preservation device and method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN1047725C
Application number: CN96114397A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-12-18
Filing date: 1996-12-18
Publication date: 1999-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2016-12-18
Also published as: CN1159303A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vacuum pre-refrigerating air conditioning preservation device and method thereof. The device is composed of a preservation box, a vacuum pump, a refrigerating machine, a condenser, a cooler, a condensate receiver, a circulation pump, an oxygen cylinder, a nitrogen cylinder and a carbon-dioxide cylinder. The preservation is carried out under the conditions that the pressure is 600(+/-)50 Pa, the temperature is from-1 DEG C to 12 DEG C and the humidity is from 78% to 99% in the preservation box and the concentration range requirements on oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas are different for various natural foods, which can make fresh flowers and natural foods, such as vegetables, fruits, marine products, etc. keep original colors, fragrance, tastes and shapes. Thereby, the original nutrient component and natural activity are reserved. The present invention is the effective preservation device and method.

Description

Vacuum pre-refrigerating multi-kind air preservation device and preservation method thereof

The present invention relates to vacuum pre-refrigerating multi-kind air preservation device and preservation method thereof, particularly behind vegetables, fresh flower, the fruit picking and the preservation device and the preservation method of aquatic products storage to vegetables, fresh flower, fruit, aquatic products.

As everyone knows, people are more and more higher to the requirement of edible natural product, as to vegetables, fresh flower, fruit, aquatic products, not only require to keep original color and profile further to require to keep original nutrition and natural activity.Obvious traditional simple freeze-drying, vacuum-freezing process is removed ethylene process or the like and all can not be satisfied above-mentioned requirement.

Adopt the new preservation method that charges into gas and cooling though closely adopt, the report as Japanese patent laid-open 7-327590 is only limited to Citrus, does not cooperate the advanced method of vacuum.The result causes the bad incidence of food flavor also up to 15-20% owing to corrupt, and the utmost point needs further to improve.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of vacuum pre-refrigerating multi-kind air preservation device and preservation method thereof, improved widely and kept color, the profile of edible natural product and kept original nutrition and natural activity, satisfy people and pursued the fresh-keeping work of pure natural, the trend of high nutrition.

Embodiment of the present invention are as follows:

(A) preservation device aspect capital equipment is by antistaling box, vavuum pump, and refrigeration machine, condenser, cooler, condensate receiver, oxygen machine, nitrogen cylinder and carbon dioxide cylinder and associated conduit and valve are formed.General flow chart is seen below:

(B) preservation method: according to different wholefoods, the mixed gas concentration that the antistaling box inner control is different, temperature and humidity (the antistaling box internal pressure is 600 ± 50 handkerchiefs).

I. for fresh flower: temperature is 4-11 ℃, and humidity is 93-98%, oxygen is 1-5%, nitrogen is 94-98%, carbon dioxide gas is 0.5-3%;

II. for vegetables: temperature is 3-8 ℃, and humidity is 92-96%, and oxygen is 0.5-5%, and nitrogen is 94-98%, and carbon dioxide gas is 0.5-4%;

III. for fruit: temperature is-2-12 ℃, and humidity is 78-82%, and oxygen is 0.5-3%, and nitrogen is 95-98%, and carbon dioxide gas is 0.5-4%;

IV. for aquatic products: temperature is-1-5 ℃, and humidity is 92-99%, and oxygen is 4-6%, and nitrogen is 90-95%, and carbon dioxide gas is 0.5-5%.

It is such adopting the principle of vacuum, controlled atmosphere and precooling, when vacuum in the antistaling box is about 6 * 102 handkerchiefs and temperature during 3 ℃ of left and right sides, free moisture content in the middle of the superficial cell of vegetables evaporates, because the effect of latent heat, directly cooled off the temperature of vegetables itself, generally evaporating moisture content approximately is about 2-3% of vegetables gross weight, aerating oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide press down the breathing to vegetables simultaneously, be smothered to death but be unlikely, thereby reach the color, profile and the original nutrition that keep wholefood to greatest extent, and natural activity.The melting concn of strict these three kinds of gas of control generally for vegetables, if 0.5% vegetables and fruits of oxygen concentration less than are perishable, is breathed excessive its freshness that is difficult to keep if cross 5%; In like manner if nitrogen gas concn less than 94%, then not enough its suction amount of exhaling of restraining, metabolism is too fast, freshness just descends, if cross 98%, then is difficult to keep MIN respiratory capacity, promptly died of asphyxiation and withered, concentration of carbon dioxide occurs crackle if less than 0.5% suppresses its respiratory capacity weak effect if cross 4% vegetables epidermis, defect such as excoriation, generally should be between 3-8 ℃ as for temperature, crossing low vegetables as if temperature can be by cold injury, if too high then perishable again, as for humidity, should match with temperature, generally be that humidity is lower than 92% mottle can take place, and can come off if cross 96% epidermis.Equally, all there is it to require control range for fresh flower, fruit, aquatic products, the result that scope as listed above just can be received.

Below preference consult general flow chart the present invention be described in detail, but do not mean that and limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1: it is in 1200 * 1200 * 1200 centimetres the antistaling box that 800 kilograms of celeries are placed on a volume, start commercially available general vavuum pump, circulating pump and refrigeration machine, making the pressure in the antistaling box is 600 ± 50 handkerchiefs, refrigerating fluid advances in the antistaling box rear wall intraformational bed coil pipe, making fresh-keeping the temperature inside the box is 6 ± 2 ℃, humidity should be 94 ± 2% mutually, simultaneously by oxygen cylinder, the oxygen that nitrogen cylinder and carbon dioxide cylinder come, nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas enter antistaling box and keep its volumetric concentration to be respectively 2.5%, 96%, 1.5%, just can reach vacuum at 20 minutes like this, the purpose of controlled atmosphere and precooling.The water vapour of extracting out from vavuum pump carries out indirect condensing by the condensate liquid between the condenser tubulation (from refrigeration machine), remove the water-cooled lime set that just enters vavuum pump, condenser behind the part water, then regularly put condensate receiver, regularly bleed off, the water that forms under the condensation that is subjected to the condenser pipe between intraformational bed as for the celery in the antistaling box is also regularly bled off by the antistaling box bottom.

Condenser pipe in the antistaling box comes out to cool off (water-cooled) in the higher tubulation of condensate liquid by cooler of temperature, squeezes into refrigeration machine by circulating pump again.Each operating point control all concentrates on the console (not shown) to carry out, to guarantee to reach optimum value.This preservation method can make rotten, the withered phenomenon of celery still very fresh nothing in 40 days.

Example 2: remove 800 kilograms of oranges are replaced celeries, controlled humidity is 80% simultaneously, and temperature is 4 ± 2 ℃, and oxygen is 2%, nitrogen is 96%, carbon dioxide gas is that 2% outer all the other conditions are identical with example 1.Orange was reached in 55 days, and color and profile are all still as usual.

Example 3: remove rose double centner replacement celery, controlled humidity is 95% simultaneously, and temperature is 8 ℃, and oxygen is 3%, and nitrogen is 96%, and carbon dioxide gas is 1%, and all the other conditions are identical with example 1, can make rose fresh-keeping 35 days.

Example 4: remove 800 kilograms of replacements of just dead grouper celery, controlled humidity is 98% simultaneously, and temperature is 2 ℃, and oxygen is 5%, and nitrogen is 93%, and carbon dioxide gas is 2%, and all the other conditions are identical with example 1, can make grouper fresh-keeping 30 days.

Advantage of the present invention is:

1. vacuum, the gentle row of transferring in of precooling are organically cooperated, to fresh flower, fruit, vegetables and water Product carries out fresh-keeping, keeps to greatest extent its color and profile.

2. facility compact, flow process are short, easy to operate stable.

General flow chart is described as follows: (Fig. 1) 1-antistaling box, 2-vavuum pump, 3-refrigeration machine, 4-condenser, 5-cooler, 6-condensate receiver, 7-circulating pump, 8-oxygen cylinder, 9-nitrogen cylinder, 10-carbon dioxide cylinder

Claims

1. vacuum pre-refrigerating multi-kind air preservation device, it is by antistaling box (1), vavuum pump (2), refrigeration machine (3), condenser (4), cooler (5), condensate receiver (6), circulating pump (7), oxygen cylinder (8), nitrogen cylinder (9) and carbon dioxide cylinder (10) are formed, it is characterized in that: refrigeration machine (3) enters condensate liquid in the coil pipe of antistaling box (1) intraformational bed by tube connector, the condensate liquid that comes out from antistaling box (1) returns refrigeration machine (3) by cooler (5) and circulating pump (7), vavuum pump (2) enters the condensate liquid that condenser (4) forms with the steam of being extracted out by fresh-keeping wholefood in the antistaling box (1) and puts into condensate receiver (6), uncooled steam enters vavuum pump (2), oxygen cylinder (8), nitrogen cylinder (9) and carbon dioxide cylinder (10) are with corresponding oxygen in its bottle, nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas charge in the antistaling box (1).

2. vacuum pre-refrigerating multi-kind air preservation method, it is to adopt vacuum pre-cooling and oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas to regulate, and it is characterized in that the antistaling box internal pressure is 600 ± 50 handkerchiefs, all the other control parameters are as follows:

I. for fresh flower: temperature is 4-11 ℃, and humidity is 93-98%, and oxygen is 1-5%, and nitrogen is 94-98%, and carbon dioxide gas is 0.5-3%;