CN104768162B - A kind of pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the extensive mimo system of multiple cell - Google Patents
A kind of pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the extensive mimo system of multiple cell Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of pilot tone dynamic allocation method of extensive mimo system of multiple cell is claimed in the present invention; in the extensive mimo system of TDD multiple cell, intra-cell users are divided into Cell Edge User group and cell non-edge user group based on the user's signal-to-noise ratio difference received by base station.For Cell Edge User using a kind of seamless pilot distribution method, neighboring community is divided into multiple area groups, neighboring community's edge customer in area group distributes mutually orthogonal pilot frequency sequence, and neighboring community's edge customer outside area group realizes pilot frequency multiplexing between area group；Optimal low complex degree pilot distribution method is combined using a kind of for cell non-edge user, distributes the pilot frequency multiplexing that utility function criterion realizes non-edge user between neighboring community according to pilot tone is maximized.The flexibility and equality of system pilot distribution are enhanced, the network performance of cell edge is improved, reduces the pilot pollution of entire extensive mimo system, improves the utilization rate of system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mobile communication technology field, the pilot tone for being related to a kind of extensive mimo system of multiple cell is dynamically distributed
Method.
Background technique
Compared with traditional MIMO technology, extensive MIMO technology, which has, to be serviced more users on identical running time-frequency resource, has
Effect inhibits the advantages that inter-cell interference, higher data rate and lower power consumption, and power system capacity and efficiency can be made to obtain
Very big promotion is obtained, the availability of frequency spectrum reaches unprecedented levels.Thus extensive MIMO technology receives the common concern of academia, is
One of the core technology of the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system.
In the extensive mimo system of TDD (Time-Division Duplex) multiple cell, existing pilot distribution method
It is to distribute orthogonal pilot frequency sequence, re-used across cells identical pilot frequency sequence in cell.Wherein inter-cell pilot multiplexing is pair
All users use identical multiplexing criterion, without fully considering between Cell Edge User and cell non-edge user
Otherness, since the subscriber signal power that base station receives is not only related with the transmission power of user, also with user and base station
Relative position is related, in general, the noise that base station receives Cell Edge User is relatively low, and larger to the interference of neighboring community,
If the Cell Edge User close to neighbor cell location uses existing pilot distribution method, Cell Edge User is difficult to
The preferable pilot frequency sequence of orthogonality is assigned to, they will suffer from extremely serious pilot pollution in this way.On the contrary, closer from base station small
Area non-edge user can preferably resist the interference from other community users.Based on this, Cell Edge User and cell are utilized
Signal-to-noise ratio difference between non-edge user, The present invention gives a kind of extensive mimo systems of multiple cell based on user's classification
Pilot tone dynamic allocation method.
Summary of the invention
For the problems of the prior art.The present invention provides a kind of pilot tones effectively reduced between neighboring community's edge customer
Pollution promotes the pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the extensive mimo system of multiple cell of the flexibility and equality of pilot tone distribution, this
The technical solution of invention is as follows: a kind of pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the extensive mimo system of multiple cell comprising following steps:
Step 1: base station determines the net coefficients ρ of this cell j, according to the net coefficients ρ of this cell j it is adaptive to user
It is grouped with cell, specifically includes the following steps:
101, base station obtains the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of all users within the scope of cell jji, and with this cell base station user's signal-to-noise ratio
Predetermined threshold value SNRdIt is compared, obtains current area net coefficientsρ ∈ (0,1), wherein kj
Indicate that cell j shares k user, SNRjiExpression receives the signal-to-noise ratio of user i in cell j.SNRdIndicate that this cell base station is used
The predetermined threshold value of family signal-to-noise ratio, it is directly proportional to community user number.N(SNRji<SNRd) indicate that signal-to-noise ratio is less than SNRdUse
Amount；
102, according to net coefficients ρ, this community user is divided into two groups by base station, wherein SNRji<SNRdUser enter it is small
Area edge user group, total ρ kjA user, is denoted asOn the contrary, SNRji≥SNRdUser enter cell
Non-edge user group, total (1- ρ) kjA user, is denoted asWhereinIndicate the user of cell j
i；
103, according to the seamless factor-alpha in edge of neighboring communityj, determine in each area group and contain N (Ce) a neighboring community,
InBase station is dynamically distinguished into adjacent L smallA area group, Qu Qun is Cell Edge User
The minimum unit of pilot frequency multiplexing；
Step 2, to step 102 determineIn cell non-edge user using maximum
The multiple cell for changing pilot tone distribution utility function coordinates pilot distribution method and carries out coordinating pilot tone distribution, rightIn Cell Edge User using seamless pilot distribution method carry out pilot tone distribution, two kinds of distribution sides
Method carries out parallel, and the specific method is as follows:
201, base station is from assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence collection ξ={ μ1,μ2,...,μTrIn random selection one orthogonal lead
Frequency sequence distributes to this cell any one non-edge user, while available orthogonal for the distribution of all edge customers of the cell
Pilot frequency sequence；
202, after the completion of step 201, adjacent each cell non-edge user is according to pilot tone distribution utility function is maximized
It unites reachable and rate criterion, the pilot frequency sequence that cell non-edge user uses in de-multiplexing steps 201；Simultaneously for area group inward flange without
Stitch factor-alphajAll edge customers of neighboring community distribute available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence in range, are then multiplexed between area group and work as proparea
The orthogonal pilot frequency sequence that the neighboring community Qun Zhong edge customer uses；
203,201,202 are repeated the above steps, until pilot tone is assigned.
Further, the signal-to-noise ratio of the user in step 101Wherein(l, m) ≠ (j, k) indicate other users in addition to the user k of cell j, then each user
Reachable and rate may be expressed as: γjk=log2(1+SNRjk)。
It advantages of the present invention and has the beneficial effect that:
All users are divided into Cell Edge User and two class of cell non-edge user according to user personality by the present invention, for
Different pilot distribution methods is respectively adopted in the very big user of these two types of othernesses, for Cell Edge User using a kind of seamless
Pilot distribution method.Optimal low complex degree pilot distribution method is combined using a kind of for cell non-edge user, both
Pilot distribution method carries out parallel.The program mainly has the advantages that
(1) since the pilot tone of non-edge user and edge customer distributes parallel progress, so as to improve neighboring community edge
Equality of the user in pilot tone distribution.
(2) a kind of seamless pilot distribution method is used for Cell Edge User, neighboring community is divided into multiple area groups, area
Neighboring community's edge customer in group distributes mutually orthogonal pilot frequency sequence, and neighboring community's edge customer outside area group realizes area group
Between pilot frequency multiplexing.The interference between neighboring community's edge customer can be greatly reduced, the network performance of cell edge is improved.
(3) channel statistical information is utilized, system is reachable and rate criterion according to maximizing, and fully considers multiple cell multi-user
Pilot frequency multiplexing influences system bring, realizes that the pilot tone between different community non-edge user is multiple using optimal algorithm is combined
With.This approach reduces pilot pollutions, improve channel estimation accuracy.
(4) base station can be according to the variation feelings of intra-cell users number and user position in pilot distribution method of the invention
Condition adaptively adjusts the signal-to-noise ratio predetermined threshold value of base station end, so that dynamic changes subzone network coefficient ρ.Base station can also root simultaneously
The seamless factor-alpha in edge of neighboring community is adjusted according to available orthogonal guide frequency number dynamicj, thus can be in available orthogonal total number of pilots
In the case where certain, dynamic adjustment distributes to the orthogonal guide frequency number of neighboring community's edge customer and distributes to cell non-edge use
The orthogonal guide frequency number at family, this design improve the flexibility of pilot tone distribution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the basic model of the extensive mimo system of preferred embodiment of the present invention multiple cell；
Fig. 2 is that the pilot tone of the extensive mimo system of preferred embodiment of the present invention multiple cell dynamically distributes flow chart；
Fig. 3 is to work as L=12, ρ=0.5, SNRd=0dB, kj=2, N (CePilot tone when)=3 distributes schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the basic model of the extensive mimo system of multiple cell.L is shared in the extensive mimo system of multiple cell
A cell, base station end has M root antenna, while servicing kjA single-antenna subscriber, antenna for base station number are far longer than base station while taking
The number of users of business, i.e. kj<<M.Assuming that communication system uses tdd mode, uplink and downlink channel has reciprocity.Each base station passes through
Up channel training process obtains the statistic channel information of user, the training signal that the base station cell j receives are as follows: wherein HjlIndicate upper between the base station cell j and all users of cell l
The channel matrix of row channel composition indicates the additive Gaussian noise that the base station cell j receives, Sl={ Sl1,Sl2,...,SlτTable
Show that length is the training sequence of τ.Base station obtains the estimated value of each subscriber channel vector according to the training signal received: indicating the estimation of the up channel between the base station user k and cell j of cell j
Value, it is 0 that it, which obeys mean value, variance ΦJk, jkNormal distribution, wherein RjlmIt indicates
The covariance matrix of up channel between the base station user m and cell j of cell l, I are unit matrix.Base station calculates each
The signal-to-noise ratio of user:WhereinThen each user's is reachable
Rate may be expressed as: γjk=log2(1+SNRjk)。
As shown in Fig. 2, the extensive mimo system of multiple cell pilot tone dynamically distribute process the following steps are included:
1, base station determines this subzone network coefficient ρ, is grouped according to net coefficients are adaptive to user and cell.
(101) base station obtains the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of all users within the scope of cell jji, and with this cell base station user's signal-to-noise ratio
Predetermined threshold value SNRdIt is compared, obtains current area net coefficientsρ ∈ (0,1), wherein kj
Indicate that cell j shares k user, SNRjiExpression receives the signal-to-noise ratio of user i in cell j.SNRdIndicate that this cell base station is used
The predetermined threshold value of family signal-to-noise ratio, it is directly proportional to community user number.N(SNRji<SNRd) indicate that signal-to-noise ratio is less than SNRdUse
Amount；
(102) according to net coefficients ρ, this community user is divided into two groups by base station, wherein SNRji<SNRdUser enter it is small
Area edge user group, total ρ kjA user, is denoted asOn the contrary, SNRji≥SNRdUser enter cell
Non-edge user group, total (1- ρ) kjA user, is denoted asWhereinIndicate the user of cell j
i；
(103) according to the seamless factor-alpha in edge of neighboring communityj, determine in each area group and contain N (Ce) a neighboring community,
InBase station is dynamically distinguished into adjacent L smallA area group, Qu Qun is Cell Edge User
The minimum unit of pilot frequency multiplexing；
2, it is determined for (102)In cell non-edge user using maximize lead
Frequency division coordinates pilot distribution method with the multiple cell of utility function and carries out coordinating pilot tone distribution, rightIn
Cell Edge User pilot tone distribution is carried out using seamless pilot distribution method, two kinds of distribution methods carry out parallel, specific method
It is as follows:
(201) base station is from assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence collection ξ={ μ1,μ2,...,μTrIn random selection one it is orthogonal
Pilot frequency sequence distributes to this cell any one non-edge user；It is available just for all edge customers distribution of the cell simultaneously
Hand over pilot frequency sequence.
(202) adjacent each cell non-edge user is according to maximizing pilot tone distribution utility function (system reachable and rate)Criterion is multiplexed the pilot frequency sequence that cell non-edge user uses in (201)；It is simultaneously area group
Interior (edge is seamless factor-alphajIn range) all edge customers of neighboring community distribute available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence, between area group then
The orthogonal pilot frequency sequence that multiplexing is used when the neighboring community proparea Qun Zhong edge customer.
(203) repeat the above steps (201), (202), until pilot tone is assigned.
Below in the extensive mimo system of multiple cell, with L=12, ρ=0.5, SNRd=0dB, kj=2 (j=1,2,
3 ..., 11,12), N (CeFor)=3, using pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the invention.Process is as follows:
(1) it initializes: the edge customer group of cell j:The non-edge user group of cell j:Assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence set ξ={ μ1,μ2,...,μTr,
Indicate distribution same pilot μλCell non-edge user set.
(2) cell j original allocation pilot tone:
(2-1) is firstly, base station randomly chooses an orthogonal pilot frequency sequence μ from assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence setλ,
Distribute to any one edge customer of cell j.Pilot tone μ in this example1Distribute to the edge customer 1 of cell 1, update: ξ ← ξ
μ1。
(2-2) then, then randomly chooses an available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence from assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence set
μλ(λ ≠ γ) distributes to any one non-edge user of cell j.Pilot tone μ in this example2The non-edge for distributing to cell 1 is used
Family 2, update: ξ ← ξ μ2,
(3) pilot tone of community user is distributed in same area group:
(3-1) is that all neighboring community's edge customers in the same area group distribute mutually orthogonal pilot tone.It is right in this example
The edge customer 1 of cell 2 distributes pilot tone μ in area group 13, update ξ ← ξ μ3.The distribution of edge customer 1 of cell 3 in area group 1 is led
Frequency μ4, update: ξ ← ξ μ4。
Non-edge user's multiplexed pilot μ of neighboring community in (3-2) same area groupλ.It finds in each cell and makes
The maximum user of utility function, i.e.,Distribute identical pilot tone μλTo them.It is cell 2, small in this example
The respective non-edge user 2 in area 3 makes utility function maximum, then distributes pilot tone μ2To the non-edge user 2 of cell 2, cell 3,
It updates:Wherein { 2,3 } j=.
(4) the pilot tone distribution of adjacent clusters community user:
(4-1) uses Cell Edge User in all neighboring community's edge customers multiplexing area group 1 in other areas group
Orthogonal guide frequency, until whole edge customers are all assigned to pilot tone.In this example, 4,5,6 edge customer of cell is distinguished in Qu Qun 2
The orthogonal guide frequency μ that 1,2,3 edge customer of cell uses in multiplexing area group 11、μ3And μ4；Similarly, 7,8,9 edge of cell in Qu Qun 3
User is multiplexed the orthogonal guide frequency μ that 1,2,3 edge customer of cell uses in area group 1 respectively1、μ3And μ4；Cell 10 in area group 4,11,
12 edge customers are also multiplexed the orthogonal guide frequency μ that 1,2,3 edge customer of cell uses in area group 1 respectively1、μ3And μ4。
(4-2) is identical according to the method multiplexing in step (3-2) to all neighboring community's non-edge users in other areas group
Pilot tone μλ, and export distribution same pilot μλUser select setIn this example, the cell 4 in Qu Qun 2,5,6, Qu Qun 3
In cell 7,8, the their own non-edge user 2 of cell 10,11,12 in 9, Qu Qun 4 make utility function maximum, then distribute
Pilot tone μ2To the non-edge user 2 of cell 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12, update:
Wherein j={ 4,5 ..., 11,12 }.
(5) then to other areas group in the also unallocated cell non-edge user to pilot frequency sequence according to step (2-2),
(3-2), (4-2) carry out pilot tone distribution, until all available orthogonal pilot frequency sequences have been assigned, i.e.,Or all users
Pilot tone is got, i.e.,AndJ={ 1,2 ..., 11,12 }, pilot tone distribution terminate.
The final pilot tone distribution schematic diagram of this example is as shown in Figure 3.
The above embodiment is interpreted as being merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limit the scope of the invention.?
After the content for having read record of the invention, technical staff can be made various changes or modifications the present invention, these equivalent changes
Change and modification equally falls into the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the extensive mimo system of multiple cell, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1: base station determines the net coefficients ρ of this cell j, according to the net coefficients ρ of this cell j it is adaptive to user and small
Area is grouped, specifically includes the following steps:
101, base station obtains the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of all users within the scope of cell jji, and it is default with this cell base station user's signal-to-noise ratio
Threshold value SNRdIt is compared, obtains current area net coefficientsρ ∈ (0,1), wherein kjIt indicates
Cell j shares k user, SNRjiExpression receives the signal-to-noise ratio of user i in cell j, SNRdIndicate that this cell base station user believes
It makes an uproar the predetermined threshold value of ratio, it is directly proportional to community user number, N (SNRji<SNRd) indicate that signal-to-noise ratio is less than SNRdNumber of users；
102, according to net coefficients ρ, this community user is divided into two groups by base station, wherein SNRji<SNRdUser enter cell side
Edge user group, total ρ kjA user, is denoted asOn the contrary, SNRji≥SNRdUser enter the non-side of cell
Edge user group, total (1- ρ) kjA user, is denoted asWherein κi jIndicate the user i of cell j；
103, according to the seamless factor-alpha in edge of neighboring communityj, base station is dynamically distinguished into multiple area groups, Qu Qun for adjacent L small
It is the minimum unit of Cell Edge User pilot frequency multiplexing, contains N (C in each area groupe) a neighboring community, then area group number beThe factor that edge is seamless
Step 2, to step 102 determineIn cell non-edge user using maximize lead
Frequency division coordinates pilot distribution method with the multiple cell of utility function and carries out coordinating pilot tone distribution, rightIn
Cell Edge User pilot tone distribution is carried out using seamless pilot distribution method, two kinds of distribution methods carry out parallel, specific method
It is as follows:
201, base station is from assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence collection ξ={ μ1,μ2,...,μTrOne orthogonal guide frequency sequence of middle random selection
Column distribute to this cell any one non-edge user, while distributing available orthogonal guide frequency for all edge customers of the cell
Sequence；
202, after the completion of step 201, adjacent each cell non-edge user can according to maximization pilot tone distribution utility function, that is, system
It reaches and rate criterion, the pilot frequency sequence that cell non-edge user uses in de-multiplexing steps 201；Simultaneously for area group inward flange it is seamless because
Sub- αjAll edge customers of neighboring community distribute available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence in range, are then multiplexed between area group when in the group of proparea
The orthogonal pilot frequency sequence that neighboring community's edge customer uses；
203,201,202 are repeated the above steps, until pilot tone is assigned.
2. a kind of pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the extensive mimo system of multiple cell according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the signal-to-noise ratio of the user in step 101Wherein(l,
M) other users in addition to cell j user k ≠ (j, k) are indicated, then the reachable and rate of each user may be expressed as: γjk=
log2(1+SNRjk)。
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| CN105049098B (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2018-07-17 | 西安交通大学 | The portion of pilot multiplexing method of pilot pollution is overcome in extensive mimo system |
| CN105049166B (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2017-11-28 | 清华大学 | Pilot distribution method based on user's geographical location information in extensive antenna cells |
| CN105163328B (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2018-10-16 | 清华大学 | A kind of offsetting pilot position distribution method and device |
| CN108292979A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2018-07-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | Combine adaptive cell load and pilot frequency multiplexing in multiuser MIMO |
| CN105681009B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2018-10-02 | 厦门大学 | Pilot tone optimization distribution joint method for precoding for multi-user's multiple-input and multiple-output |
| CN105634709B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2018-09-04 | 北京联合大学 | A kind of pilot distribution method |
| CN105721125B (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2019-03-08 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of pilot tone dispatching method of the extensive mimo system of the multiple cell that efficiency is optimal |
| CN107204838A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-26 | 北京邮电大学 | The channel estimation methods and device dispatched based on space-time pilot tone |
| CN106059728B (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2019-03-01 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of pilot design method based on phase shift in extensive mimo system |
| CN105978673B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2019-04-23 | 东南大学 | Based on the pilot distribution method of user distance in large-scale distributed antenna system |
| CN106027214B (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2019-01-04 | 东南大学 | A kind of extensive mimo system pilot distribution method of multiple cell |
| CN106059734B (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2019-02-26 | 西安科技大学 | Massive mimo system pilot distribution method based on edge customer interference metric values |
| CN106452707A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆大学 | Pilot frequency allocation method and device |
| CN106385274B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2019-12-27 | 北京邮电大学 | Method and device for pilot frequency distribution in large-scale MIMO system |
| CN108064070B (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2020-01-10 | 中国矿业大学 | User access method for large-scale MIMO multi-cell network |
| CN110401519B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-12-07 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Pilot frequency distribution method and device |
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