CN104768162A - Pilot frequency dynamic allocation method of multi-cell large-scale MIMO system - Google Patents
Pilot frequency dynamic allocation method of multi-cell large-scale MIMO system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a pilot frequency dynamic allocation method of a multi-cell large-scale MIMO system. In the TDD multi-cell large-scale MIMO system, users in a cell are divided into a cell margin user group and a cell non-margin user group by a base station according to a received user signal to noise ratio difference. As for cell margin users, a seamless pilot frequency dynamic allocation method is adopted, neighbor cells are divided into a plurality of cell groups, mutually orthogonal pilot frequency sequences are allocated to margin users of neighbor cells in the cell groups, and pilot frequency is reused by margin users of neighbor cells out of the cell groups; as for cell non-margin users, a combination optimal low-complexity pilot frequency allocation method is adopted, and the pilot frequency is reused by margin users between neighbor cells according to a maximization pilot frequency allocation utility function. The pilot frequency allocation flexibility and equality of the system are enhanced, the marginal network performance of the cells is improved, the pilot frequency pollution of the whole large-scale MIMO system is reduced, and the use ratio of the system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mobile communication technology field, relate to the pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the extensive mimo system of a kind of multiple cell.
Background technology
Compared with traditional MIMO technology, extensive MIMO technology has to serve more users, effectively suppresses the advantages such as presence of intercell interference, higher data rate and lower power consumption on identical running time-frequency resource, power system capacity and efficiency can be made to obtain very large lifting, and the availability of frequency spectrum reaches unprecedented levels.Thus extensive MIMO technology receives the common concern of academia, is one of core technology of the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system.
In the extensive mimo system of TDD (Time-Division Duplex) multiple cell, the pilot frequency sequence that in existing pilot distribution method Shi community, distribution is orthogonal, the pilot frequency sequence that re-used across cells is identical.Wherein inter-cell pilot is multiplexing is adopt identical multiplexing criterion to all users, and do not take into full account the otherness between Cell Edge User and community non-edge user, the subscriber signal power received due to base station is not only relevant with the transmitted power of user, also relevant with the relative position of user and base station, usually, the signal to noise ratio that base station receives Cell Edge User is lower, and it is larger to the interference of neighbor cell, if the Cell Edge User close to neighbor cell location adopts existing pilot distribution method, Cell Edge User is just difficult to assign to the good pilot frequency sequence of orthogonality, they will suffer very serious pilot pollution like this.On the contrary, the interference from other community users can be resisted preferably from the community non-edge user close to base station.Based on this, utilize the signal to noise ratio difference between Cell Edge User and community non-edge user, The present invention gives the pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the extensive mimo system of a kind of multiple cell based on users classification.
Summary of the invention
For the problems of the prior art.The invention provides a kind of pilot pollution effectively reduced between the edge customer of neighbor cell, promote the pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the flexibility of pilot frequency distribution and the extensive mimo system of multiple cell of equality, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the extensive mimo system of a kind of multiple cell, and it comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the net coefficients ρ of this community j is determined in base station, according to the net coefficients ρ of this community j is adaptive, user and community are divided into groups, specifically comprise the following steps:
101, the signal to noise ratio snr of all users within the scope of the j of base station acquisition community
ji, and with this cell base station user signal to noise ratio predetermined threshold value SNR
dcompare, draw current area net coefficients
ρ ∈ (0,1), wherein k
jrepresent that community j has k user, SNR
jirepresent the signal to noise ratio receiving user i in the j of community.SNR
drepresent the predetermined threshold value of this cell base station user signal to noise ratio, it is directly proportional to community user number.N (SNR
ji<SNR
d) represent that signal to noise ratio is less than SNR
dnumber of users;
102, according to net coefficients ρ, this community user is divided into two groups by base station, wherein SNR
ji<SNR
duser enter Cell Edge User group, altogether ρ k
jindividual user, is designated as
on the contrary, SNR
ji>=SNR
duser enter community non-edge user group, altogether (1-ρ) k
jindividual user, is designated as
wherein
represent the user i of community j;
103, according to the seamless factor-alpha in the edge of neighbor cell
j, determine in each district group containing N (C
e) individual neighbor cell, wherein
base station is dynamically distinguished into little for adjacent L
individual district group, Qu Qun is the minimum unit of Cell Edge User pilot frequency multiplexing;
Step 2, step 102 to be determined
in community non-edge user adopt the multiple cell maximizing pilot frequency distribution utility function to coordinate pilot distribution method to carry out coordination pilot frequency distribution, right
in Cell Edge User adopt seamless pilot distribution method to carry out pilot frequency distribution, two kinds of distribution methods are parallel carries out, and concrete grammar is as follows:
201, base station is from assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence collection ξ={ μ
1, μ
2..., μ
trmiddle Stochastic choice orthogonal pilot frequency sequence distributes to this community any one non-edge user, is that all edge customers of this community distribute available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence simultaneously;
202, after step 201 completes, adjacent each community non-edge user can reach and rate criterion according to maximization pilot frequency distribution utility function and system, the pilot frequency sequence that de-multiplexing steps 201 small area non-edge user uses; It is the seamless factor-alpha of district's group's inward flange simultaneously
jin scope, all edge customers of neighbor cell distribute available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence, the then multiplexing orthogonal pilot frequency sequence used when Qun Zhong neighbor cell, proparea edge customer between district group;
203, above-mentioned steps 201,202 is repeated, until pilot frequency distribution completes.
Further, the signal to noise ratio of the user in step 101
wherein
(l, m) ≠ (j, k) represents other users except the user k of community j, then reaching of each user can be expressed as with speed: γ
jk=log
2(1+SNR
jk).
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect as follows:
All users are divided into Cell Edge User and community non-edge user two class according to user personality by the present invention, the user very large for this two classes otherness adopts different pilot distribution methods respectively, adopts a kind of seamless pilot distribution method for Cell Edge User.Adopt a kind of low complex degree pilot distribution method combining optimum for community non-edge user, these two kinds of pilot distribution methods are parallel to carry out.The main tool of the program has the following advantages:
(1) carry out because the pilot frequency distribution of non-edge user and edge customer is parallel, thus improve the equality of neighbor cell edge customer in pilot frequency distribution.
(2) a kind of seamless pilot distribution method is adopted for Cell Edge User, neighbor cell is divided into multiple district group, neighbor cell edge customer in Qu Qun distributes mutually orthogonal pilot frequency sequence, and the neighbor cell edge customer outside district group realizes pilot frequency multiplexing between district group.Greatly can reduce the interference between the edge customer of neighbor cell, improve the network performance of cell edge.
(3) utilize channel statistical information, can reach and rate criterion according to maximization system, take into full account the multiplexing impact that system is brought of multiple cell multi-user pilot, the pilot frequency multiplexing between the algorithm realization different districts non-edge user adopting combination optimum.This approach reduces pilot pollution, improve channel estimation accuracy.
(4) in pilot distribution method of the present invention, base station according to the signal to noise ratio predetermined threshold value of the situation of change self-adaptative adjustment base station end of intra-cell users number and user position, thus can dynamically change subzone network coefficient ρ.Base station also can according to the seamless factor-alpha in edge of available orthogonal guide frequency number dynamic conditioning neighbor cell simultaneously
j, so just can when available orthogonal total number of pilots be certain, dynamic adjustment is distributed to the orthogonal guide frequency number of neighbor cell edge customer and distributes to the orthogonal guide frequency number of community non-edge user, and this design improves the flexibility of pilot frequency distribution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the basic model of the extensive mimo system of preferred embodiment of the present invention multiple cell;
Fig. 2 is the pilot tone dynamic assignment flow chart of the extensive mimo system of preferred embodiment of the present invention multiple cell;
Fig. 3 works as L=12, ρ=0.5, SNR
d=0dB, k
j=2, N (C
epilot frequency distribution schematic diagram during)=3.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the basic model of the extensive mimo system of multiple cell.Total L community in the extensive mimo system of multiple cell, base station end has M root antenna, serves k simultaneously
jindividual single-antenna subscriber, antenna for base station number is far longer than the number of users that base station is served simultaneously, i.e. k
j<<M.Suppose that communication system adopts tdd mode, uplink and downlink channel has reciprocity.Each base station obtains the statistic channel information of user by up channel training process, and the training signal that j base station, community receives is:
wherein H
jlrepresent the channel matrix that the up channel between j base station, community and all users of community l forms,
represent the additive Gaussian noise that j base station, community receives, S
l={ S
l1, S
l2..., S
l τrepresent that length is the training sequence of τ.Base station obtains the estimated value of each subscriber channel vector according to the training signal received:
represent the estimated value of the up channel between the user k of community j and j base station, community, it obeys average is 0, and variance is Φ
jk, jknormal distribution, wherein
r
jlmrepresent the covariance matrix of the up channel between the user m of community l and j base station, community, I is unit matrix.Base station calculates the signal to noise ratio of each user:
Wherein
Then the achievable rate of each user can be expressed as: γ
jk=log
2(1+SNR
jk).
As shown in Figure 2, the pilot tone dynamic assignment flow process of the extensive mimo system of multiple cell comprises the following steps:
1, this subzone network coefficient ρ is determined in base station, divides into groups to user and community according to net coefficients is adaptive.
(101) signal to noise ratio snr of all users within the scope of the j of base station acquisition community
ji, and with this cell base station user signal to noise ratio predetermined threshold value SNR
dcompare, draw current area net coefficients
ρ ∈ (0,1), wherein k
jrepresent that community j has k user, SNR
jirepresent the signal to noise ratio receiving user i in the j of community.SNR
drepresent the predetermined threshold value of this cell base station user signal to noise ratio, it is directly proportional to community user number.N (SNR
ji<SNR
d) represent that signal to noise ratio is less than SNR
dnumber of users;
(102) according to net coefficients ρ, this community user is divided into two groups by base station, wherein SNR
ji<SNR
duser enter Cell Edge User group, altogether ρ k
jindividual user, is designated as
on the contrary, SNR
ji>=SNR
duser enter community non-edge user group, altogether (1-ρ) k
jindividual user, is designated as
wherein
represent the user i of community j;
(103) according to the seamless factor-alpha in the edge of neighbor cell
j, determine in each district group containing N (C
e) individual neighbor cell, wherein
base station is dynamically distinguished into little for adjacent L
individual district group, Qu Qun is the minimum unit of Cell Edge User pilot frequency multiplexing;
2, determine for (102)
in community non-edge user adopt the multiple cell maximizing pilot frequency distribution utility function to coordinate pilot distribution method to carry out coordination pilot frequency distribution, right
in Cell Edge User adopt seamless pilot distribution method to carry out pilot frequency distribution, two kinds of distribution methods are parallel carries out, and concrete grammar is as follows:
(201) base station is from assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence collection ξ={ μ
1, μ
2..., μ
trin Stochastic choice orthogonal pilot frequency sequence distribute to this community any one non-edge user; Simultaneously for all edge customers of this community distribute available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence.
(202) adjacent each community non-edge user is according to maximization pilot frequency distribution utility function (system can reach and speed)
criterion, the pilot frequency sequence that multiplexing (201) small area non-edge user uses; It is (edge is seamless factor-alpha in district group simultaneously
jin scope) all edge customers of neighbor cell distribute available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence, the then multiplexing orthogonal pilot frequency sequence used when Qun Zhong neighbor cell, proparea edge customer between district group.
(203) above-mentioned steps (201), (202) are repeated, until pilot frequency distribution completes.
Below in the extensive mimo system of multiple cell, with L=12, ρ=0.5, SNR
d=0dB, k
j=2 (j=1,2,3 ..., 11,12), N (C
e)=3 are example, adopt pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the present invention.Flow process is as follows:
(1) initialization: the edge customer group of community j:
the non-edge user group of community j:
assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence set ξ={ μ
1, μ
2..., μ
tr,
represent and distribute same pilot μ
λcommunity non-edge user set.
(2) community j original allocation pilot tone:
(2-1) first, base station Stochastic choice orthogonal pilot frequency sequence μ from assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence set
λ, distribute to any one edge customer of community j.Pilot tone μ in this example
1distribute to the edge customer 1 of community 1, upgrade: ξ ← ξ μ
1.
(2-2) Stochastic choice available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence μ then, then from assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence set
λ(λ ≠ γ), distributes to any one non-edge user of community j.Pilot tone μ in this example
2distribute to the non-edge user 2 of community 1, upgrade: ξ ← ξ μ
2,
(3) pilot frequency distribution of community user in same district group:
(3-1) for all neighbor cells edge customer in same district group distributes mutually orthogonal pilot tone.In this example, distribute pilot tone μ to the edge customer 1 of district group 1 small area 2
3, upgrade ξ ← ξ μ
3.Pilot tone μ is distributed to the edge customer 1 of district group 1 small area 3
4, upgrade: ξ ← ξ μ
4.
(3-2) the non-edge user multiplexed pilot μ of the neighbor cell in same district group
λ.Find the user making utility function maximum in each community, namely
distribute identical pilot tone μ
λto them.In this example, the respective non-edge user 2 in community 2, community 3 makes utility function maximum, then distribute pilot tone μ
2to the non-edge user 2 of community 2, community 3, upgrade:
wherein j={2,3}.
(4) pilot frequency distribution of adjacent clusters community user:
(4-1) to the orthogonal guide frequency that edge customer multiplexing district group 1 small area, all neighbor cells edge customer in other districts group uses, until all edge customer is all assigned to pilot tone.In this example, the orthogonal guide frequency μ that Qu Qun 2 small area 4,5,6 edge customer difference multiplexing district group 1 small area 1,2,3 edge customer uses
1, μ
3and μ
4; In like manner, the orthogonal guide frequency μ of Qu Qun 3 small area 7,8,9 edge customer difference multiplexing district group 1 small area 1,2,3 edge customer use
1, μ
3and μ
4; District group 4 small area 10,11,12 edge customer also distinguishes the orthogonal guide frequency μ that multiplexing district group 1 small area 1,2,3 edge customer uses
1, μ
3and μ
4.
(4-2) to all neighbor cell non-edge users in other districts group according to the multiplexing identical pilot tone μ of the method in step (3-2)
λ, and export distribution same pilot μ
λuser select set
in this example, their respective non-edge users 2 of the community 10,11,12 in the community 7,8,9, Qu Qun 4 in the community 4,5,6, Qu Qun 3 in Qu Qun 2 make utility function maximum, then distribute pilot tone μ
2to the non-edge user 2 of community 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12, upgrade:
wherein j={4,5 ..., 11,12}.
(5) then in other districts group also the unallocated community non-edge user to pilot frequency sequence carry out pilot frequency distribution according to step (2-2), (3-2), (4-2), until all available orthogonal pilot frequency sequences have been assigned with, namely
or all users have all got pilot tone, namely
and
j={1,2 ..., 11,12}, pilot frequency distribution terminates.
The final pilot frequency distribution schematic diagram of this example as shown in Figure 3.
These embodiments are interpreted as only being not used in for illustration of the present invention limiting the scope of the invention above.After the content of reading record of the present invention, technical staff can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalence changes and modification fall into the scope of the claims in the present invention equally.
Claims (2)
1. a pilot tone dynamic allocation method for the extensive mimo system of multiple cell, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1: the net coefficients ρ of this community j is determined in base station, according to the net coefficients ρ of this community j is adaptive, user and community are divided into groups, specifically comprise the following steps:
101, the signal to noise ratio snr of all users within the scope of the j of base station acquisition community
ji, and with this cell base station user signal to noise ratio predetermined threshold value SNR
dcompare, draw current area net coefficients
ρ ∈ (0,1), wherein k
jrepresent that community j has k user, SNR
jirepresent the signal to noise ratio receiving user i in the j of community, SNR
drepresent the predetermined threshold value of this cell base station user signal to noise ratio, it is directly proportional to community user number, N (SNR
ji<SNR
d) represent that signal to noise ratio is less than SNR
dnumber of users;
102, according to net coefficients ρ, this community user is divided into two groups by base station, wherein SNR
ji<SNR
duser enter Cell Edge User group, altogether ρ k
jindividual user, is designated as
on the contrary, SNR
ji>=SNR
duser enter community non-edge user group, altogether (1-ρ) k
jindividual user, is designated as
wherein
represent the user i of community j;
103, according to the seamless factor-alpha in the edge of neighbor cell
j, determine in each district group containing N (C
e) individual neighbor cell, wherein
base station is dynamically distinguished into little for adjacent L
individual district group, Qu Qun is the minimum unit of Cell Edge User pilot frequency multiplexing;
Step 2, step 102 to be determined
in community non-edge user adopt the multiple cell maximizing pilot frequency distribution utility function to coordinate pilot distribution method to carry out coordination pilot frequency distribution, right
in Cell Edge User adopt seamless pilot distribution method to carry out pilot frequency distribution, two kinds of distribution methods are parallel carries out, and concrete grammar is as follows:
201, base station is from assignable orthogonal pilot frequency sequence collection ξ={ μ
1, μ
2..., μ
trmiddle Stochastic choice orthogonal pilot frequency sequence distributes to this community any one non-edge user, is that all edge customers of this community distribute available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence simultaneously;
202, after step 201 completes, adjacent each community non-edge user can reach and rate criterion according to maximization pilot frequency distribution utility function and system, the pilot frequency sequence that de-multiplexing steps 201 small area non-edge user uses; It is the seamless factor-alpha of district's group's inward flange simultaneously
jin scope, all edge customers of neighbor cell distribute available orthogonal pilot frequency sequence, the then multiplexing orthogonal pilot frequency sequence used when Qun Zhong neighbor cell, proparea edge customer between district group;
203, above-mentioned steps 201,202 is repeated, until pilot frequency distribution completes.
2. the pilot tone dynamic allocation method of the extensive mimo system of a kind of multiple cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the signal to noise ratio of the user in step 101
wherein
(l, m) ≠ (j, k) represents other users except the j user k of community, then reaching of each user can be expressed as with speed: γ
jk=log
2(1+SNR
jk).
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| CN106452707A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆大学 | Pilot frequency allocation method and device |
| CN106385274A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-02-08 | 北京邮电大学 | Method and device for distributing pilot frequency in large-scale MIMO system |
| CN106385274B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2019-12-27 | 北京邮电大学 | Method and device for pilot frequency distribution in large-scale MIMO system |
| CN108064070A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-05-22 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of user access method for extensive MIMO multicell networks |
| CN108064070B (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2020-01-10 | 中国矿业大学 | User access method for large-scale MIMO multi-cell network |
| CN110401519A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-11-01 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | A kind of pilot distribution method and device |
| CN110505702A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-11-26 | 重庆大学 | A kind of pilot distribution method based on subscriber signal angle of arrival |
| CN110505702B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2023-07-25 | 重庆大学 | Pilot frequency distribution method based on user signal arrival angle |
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