CN104765403B - Maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking based on chaos optimization search - Google Patents
Maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking based on chaos optimization search Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking based on chaos optimization search, the DC voltage Vpv exported by real-time sampling photovoltaic array and electric current Ipv, calculate the output of photovoltaic array, and and the current maximum power value that prestores of MPPT controllerCompare, if>, thenValue be assigned to, the value of Vpv is assigned to the output voltage of MPPT controllerOtherwise, thenValue give up,WithValue remain unchanged.Then, the voltage of MPPT controller outputIt is added in adder with the voltage Vpv of photovoltaic array output, the in-phase end that the error voltage produced is added to comparator through proportional integral link compares with the sawtooth voltage being added to comparator end of oppisite phase, change DC/DC changer breaker in middle tube grid and drive the dutycycle of signal, thus the parameter of regulable control DC/DC translation circuit, realizing maximal power tracing control, tracking velocity is fast, control accuracy is high.
Description
The present invention is application number 2014101365845, on 04 08th, 2014 applying date, the divisional application of denomination of invention " a kind of maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking based on chaos optimization search ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic generating system, specifically, relate to a kind of maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking based on chaos optimization search, MPPT method is utilized to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic battery array in photovoltaic generation process, make solar energy be converted into electric energy output with maximal efficiency, belong to technical field of photovoltaic power generation.
Background technology
During photovoltaic generating system work, at certain temperature and intensity of sunshine, photovoltaic battery array has unique maximum power point, but owing to the output characteristics of photovoltaic battery array is subject to the impact of the factors such as load condition, intensity of sunshine, ambient temperature, the output voltage of photovoltaic battery array and electric current all can produce very big change therewith, so that output is unstable, if can not real-time tracking its change, then can reduce the delivery efficiency of photovoltaic system.Further, since the output characteristics of photovoltaic battery array has the nonlinear characteristic of complexity, it is difficult to accurately determine its mathematical model, it is impossible to ask for peak power by analytic method.In order to the output making photovoltaic array is maximum, it is necessary for utilizing corresponding control method real-time tracking, controlling the maximum power point of photovoltaic battery array, maximally utilising solar energy, this guarantee photovoltaic array continues the adjustment process of Maximum Power Output and is called MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT).
At present, common maximum power point-tracing control method has constant voltage control method, disturbance observational method, increment node-pair method and single Chaos Search etc., but diverse ways all exists different pluses and minuses in actual use.Constant voltage process is a kind of simple maximum power point tracing method, and its advantage is to control simply, easily realize, but this tracking is when variations in temperature, and its tracking is inefficient, has comparatively serious power loss.Disturbance observational method and increment node-pair method all can oscillate about operation at maximum power point, cause that Partial Power loses.Although the method for single Chaos Search can follow the tracks of global maximum accurately, if but when having the situation that there is many local maximums thick and fast near global maximum, although there is ergodic in chaotic motion, but jump out local maximum and generally require for a long time, and the randomness having due to chaotic motion makes it possible to when close to global maximum, but jump far, thus causing Optimizing Search waste of time.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is for above deficiency, a kind of maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking based on chaos optimization search is provided, the method adopts second carrier wave chaos optimization searching algorithm after searching the currently most solution with certain guarantee, reduce the search volume of optimized variable, enabling the algorithm to converge to globally optimal solution faster, more accurately, therefore search efficiency improves a lot.
This invention address that above technical problem be the technical scheme is that the maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking based on chaos optimization search, it is characterised in that: described tracking comprises the following steps:
Step 1), the demand according to system, systematic parameter is initialized: Chaos VariableInitial value be 0.126;The initial value of up-and-down boundary value c, the d of voltage search is c=0, d=90;The power α of second carrier wave takes 0.6, β and takes 3;Current peak power=0;Constant r=2.1;Major cycle number of times=0;
Step 2), making primary carrier iterations k initial value is 0, and cycle-index i=0, subsequently into step 3);
Step 3), by the initial value of Chaos VariableSubstitute intoIt is iterated computing, and above formula is obtainedSubstitute into, obtain MPPT controller output voltage, order, subsequently into step 4);
Step 4), calculates photovoltaic array output instantaneous power, subsequently into step 5);
Step 5), it is judged that photovoltaic array output instantaneous powerThe current maximum power value whether prestored more than MPPT controller, if it is, enter step 7);If it is not, then entrance step 6);
Step 6), performs i=i+1, subsequently into step 8);
Step 7), exports instantaneous power by photovoltaic arrayValue be assigned to the current maximum power value that MPPT controller prestores, by instantaneous voltageValue compose MPPT controller output voltage, subsequently into step 8);
Step 8), it is judged that cycle-index i whether more than 10 or the Chaos Variable iterations k of primary carrier whether more than 100, if entering step 9), if it does not, enter step 3);
Step 9), makes the Chaos Variable iterations of second carrier waveInitial value is 0, and cycle-index i=0, subsequently into step 10);
Step 10), by the initial value of Chaos VariableSubstitute intoIt is iterated computing, and above formula is obtainedSubstitute into
Order, subsequently into step 11);
Step 11), calculates, subsequently into step 12);
Step 12), it is judged thatWhether more than, if it is, namely realtime power is more than the peak power of current preset, then enter step 14);If it is not, then entrance step 13);
Step 13), performs i=i+1, subsequently into step 15);
Step 14), by realtime powerValue compose MPPT controller output, by voltageValue compose MPPT controller output voltage, subsequently into step 15);
Step 15), it is judged that whether second carrier wave cycle-index i is more than 10 or the Chaos Variable iterations of second carrier waveWhether more than 100, if entering step 16), if it does not, enter step 10);
Step 16), perform
,, the value namely adjusting c, d realizes re-constructing optimized variable interval, then major cycle number of times, subsequently into step 17);
Step 17), it is judged that major cycle number of timesWhether more than 3, if it is, enter step 18);If it is not, then enter step 2);
Step 18), Maximum Power Output valueOptimum output voltage with MPPT controller, subsequently into step 19);
Step 19), search terminates.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, compared with prior art, has the advantage that
(1) adopting primary carrier and second carrier wave to combine and be iterated search, more traditional Chaos Search method more can improve tracking velocity;(2) due to have employed second carrier wave method scan for further accurate tracking control, improve control accuracy, also solve the problem that the photovoltaic system MPPT maximum power point tracking of partial phantom easily falls into local maximum;(3) present invention disclosure satisfy that the needs that photovoltaic generating system maximal power tracing controls, the tracking efficiency of the more effective raising system of energy.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart controlling system in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of tracking in the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure,
1-PVArray is photovoltaic array, 2-MPPT controller, 3-adder, 4-proportional integral circuit, 5-comparator, 6-DC/DC changer output capacitance, 7-fly-wheel diode, 8-switching tube, 9-inductance, 10-filter capacitor.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment, as it is shown in figure 1, a kind of based on chaos optimization search maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking, Vpv is the real-time output voltage of photovoltaic array, Ipv be photovoltaic array export electric current in real time,For photovoltaic array instantaneous output,For the current maximum power value of photovoltaic array that MPPT controller prestores,For withThe optimum output voltage of corresponding MPPT controller, [c, d] is the output voltage interval of the photovoltaic array of ith iteration in mppt process, and c is lower boundary, and d is coboundary.It it is the cycle-index of major cycle.For the Chaos Variable of primary carrier,For the photovoltaic array instantaneous output voltage in primary carrier iterative process,
MPPT controller 2, by the DC voltage Vpv and electric current Ipv of real-time sampling photovoltaic array 1 output, calculates the output of photovoltaic array, and and the current maximum power value that prestores of MPPT controllerCompare, if>, thenValue be assigned to, the value of Vpv is assigned to the output voltage of MPPT controllerOtherwise, thenValue give up,WithValue remain unchanged.Then, the voltage of MPPT controller 2 outputIt is added in adder with the voltage Vpv of photovoltaic array output, the in-phase end that the error voltage produced is added to comparator 5 through proportional integral link 4 compares with the sawtooth voltage being added to comparator 5 end of oppisite phase, change the gate drive signal dutycycle of DC/DC changer breaker in middle pipe 8, thus the parameter of regulable control DC/DC translation circuit, it is achieved maximal power tracing controls.
The primary carrier of chaos optimization search selects Logistic to map
(1)
Wherein k is the iterations of Chaos Variable, and μ is one and controls parameter, and when μ=4, then the Chaos Variable that described Logistic mapping produces is in Complete Chaos state, and is traversal in (0,1) scope.
The second carrier wave mode of chaos optimization search is as shown in (3) formula, and it can produce the Chaos Variable that Orbit probability density is bigger near a certain specified point.
(3).
In formulaFor the maximum power point in described primary carrier search procedureCorresponding MPPT controller output voltage,For (1) formula produce Chaos Variable,For (1) formula produce another Chaos Variable, 0<α<1, β>1.Be less value when taking α, when β takes bigger value, it is possible to obtain withCentered by second carrier wave chaos sequence, it is possible to make Chaos Search have good ergodic near maximum power point.For second carrier wave iterations.
As in figure 2 it is shown, be the basic controlling flow process following the tracks of maximum power point, this flow process starts from step S101.Then, in step S102, the demand according to system, systematic parameter is initialized: Chaos VariableInitial value be 0.126;The initial value of up-and-down boundary value c, the d of voltage search is c=0, d=90;The power α of second carrier wave takes 0.6, β and takes 3;Current peak power=0;Constant r=2.1;Major cycle number of times=0。
In step S103, making primary carrier iterations k initial value is 0, and cycle-index i=0, subsequently into step S104;
In step S104, by the initial value of Chaos VariableSubstitute intoIt is iterated computing, and above formula is obtainedSubstitute into, obtain MPPT controller output voltage, order, subsequently into step S105;
In step S105, calculate photovoltaic array output instantaneous power, subsequently into step S106;
In step S106, it is judged that photovoltaic array output instantaneous powerThe current maximum power value whether prestored more than MPPT controller, if it is, namely realtime power is more than the peak power of current preset, then enter step S108;If it is not, then enter step S107;
In step S107, perform i=i+1, subsequently into step S109;
In step S108, photovoltaic array is exported instantaneous powerValue be assigned to the current maximum power value that MPPT controller prestores, by instantaneous voltageValue compose MPPT controller output voltage, subsequently into step S109;
In step S109, it is judged that cycle-index i whether more than 10 or the Chaos Variable iterations k of primary carrier whether more than 100, if entering step S110, if it does not, enter step S104;
In step S110, make the Chaos Variable iterations of second carrier waveInitial value is 0, and cycle-index i=0, subsequently into step S111;
In step S111, by the initial value of Chaos VariableSubstitute intoIt is iterated computing, and above formula is obtainedSubstitute into
Order, subsequently into step S112;
In step S112, calculate, subsequently into step S113;
In step S113, it is judged thatWhether more than, if it is, namely realtime power is more than the peak power of current preset, then enter step S115;If it is not, then enter step S114;
In step S114, perform i=i+1, subsequently into step S116;
In step S115, by realtime powerValue compose MPPT controller output, by voltageValue compose MPPT controller output voltage, subsequently into step S116;
In step S116, it is judged that whether second carrier wave cycle-index i is more than 10 or the Chaos Variable iterations of second carrier waveWhether more than 100, if entering step S117, if it does not, enter step S111;
In step S117, perform,
, the value namely adjusting c, d realizes re-constructing optimized variable interval, then major cycle number of times, subsequently into step S118;
In step S118, it is judged that major cycle number of timesWhether more than 3, if it is, enter step S119;If it is not, then enter step S103;
In step S119, Maximum Power Output valueOptimum output voltage with MPPT controller, subsequently into step S120;
In step S120, search terminates.
High through test, tracking velocity and control accuracy.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that; above-mentioned detailed description of the invention is illustrative of; it is to enable those skilled in the art to be better understood from present invention; should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention; as long as according to technical solution of the present invention improvements introduced, each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. based on the maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking of chaos optimization search, it is characterised in that: described tracking comprises the following steps:
Step 1), the demand according to system, systematic parameter is initialized: Chaos VariableInitial value be 0.126;The initial value of up-and-down boundary value c, the d of voltage search is c=0, d=90;The power α of second carrier wave takes 0.6, β and takes 3;Current peak power=0;Constant r=2.1;Major cycle number of times=0;
Step 2), making primary carrier iterations k initial value is 0, and cycle-index i=0, subsequently into step 3);
Step 3), by the initial value of Chaos VariableSubstitute intoIt is iterated computing, and above formula is obtainedSubstitute into, obtain MPPT controller output voltage, order, subsequently into step 4);
Step 4), calculates photovoltaic array output instantaneous power, subsequently into step 5);
Step 5), it is judged that photovoltaic array output instantaneous powerThe current maximum power value whether prestored more than MPPT controller, if it is, enter step 7);If it is not, then entrance step 6);
Step 6), performs i=i+1, subsequently into step 8);
Step 7), exports instantaneous power by photovoltaic arrayValue be assigned to the current maximum power value that MPPT controller prestores, by instantaneous voltageValue compose MPPT controller output voltage, subsequently into step 8);
Step 8), it is judged that cycle-index i whether more than 10 or the Chaos Variable iterations k of primary carrier whether more than 100, if entering step 9), if it does not, enter step 3);
Step 9), makes the Chaos Variable iterations of second carrier waveInitial value is 0, and cycle-index i=0, subsequently into step 10);
Step 10), by the initial value of Chaos VariableSubstitute intoIt is iterated computing, and above formula is obtainedSubstitute into
Order, subsequently into step 11);
Step 11), calculates, subsequently into step 12);
Step 12), it is judged thatWhether more than, if it is, namely realtime power is more than the peak power of current preset, then enter step 14);If it is not, then entrance step 13);
Step 13), performs i=i+1, subsequently into step 15);
Step 14), by realtime powerValue compose MPPT controller output, by voltageValue compose MPPT controller output voltage, subsequently into step 15);
Step 15), it is judged that whether second carrier wave cycle-index i is more than 10 or the Chaos Variable iterations of second carrier waveWhether more than 100, if entering step 16), if it does not, enter step 10);
Step 16), perform
,, the value namely adjusting c, d realizes re-constructing optimized variable interval, then major cycle number of times, subsequently into step 17);
Step 17), it is judged that major cycle number of timesWhether more than 3, if it is, enter step 18);If it is not, then enter step 2);
Step 18), Maximum Power Output valueOptimum output voltage with MPPT controller, subsequently into step 19);
Step 19), search terminates.
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CZ2015621A3 (en) * | 2015-09-13 | 2017-01-04 | BEL s.r.o. | The method of determining the maximum output that can be drawn from a photovoltaic panel |
CN105676941B (en) * | 2016-03-29 | 2017-07-28 | 安徽理工大学 | Maximum power point tracking system and method under a kind of photovoltaic array local shades |
CN105938381B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-05-10 | 华中科技大学 | Method for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic cell on basis of fuzzy probability |
CN106020326B (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2017-06-23 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system and method for tracing |
CN110209232B (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2020-07-24 | 中国矿业大学 | Direct-current electronic load three-closed-loop control method for limiting rail voltage |
CN112148059B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-07-05 | 四川科陆新能电气有限公司 | MPPT maximum power tracking method for photovoltaic power station |
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