CN106020326B - A kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system and method for tracing - Google Patents
A kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system and method for tracing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106020326B CN106020326B CN201610418347.7A CN201610418347A CN106020326B CN 106020326 B CN106020326 B CN 106020326B CN 201610418347 A CN201610418347 A CN 201610418347A CN 106020326 B CN106020326 B CN 106020326B
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- maximum power
- photovoltaic module
- integral controller
- divider
- lock
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The present invention relates to maximum power tracing field, and in particular to a kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system and its method for tracing, including voltage sensor, current sensor, switching device, also include：Recurrence average filtration module, lock-in amplifier, divider, integral controller, the voltage sensor connects recurrence average filtration module and lock-in amplifier respectively, the recurrence average filtration module and lock-in amplifier connect divider respectively, and the divider connects integral controller, the integral controller connecting valve device.The present invention provides a kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system and method for tracing, photovoltaic module maximum power point tracking can be well realized when external environmental condition changes, the vibration of the power output near maximum power point can effectively be suppressed, follow the trail of speed soon and be easily achieved, improve the generating efficiency of photovoltaic module.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to maximum power tracing field, and in particular to a kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system and
Its method for tracing.
Background technology
MPPT maximum power point tracking (Maximum Power Point Tracking, abbreviation MPPT) system is a kind of by adjusting
The working condition of electrical module is saved, photovoltaic panel is exported the electrical system of more electric energy, solar panel can sent out
The direct current for going out effectively is stored in battery, can efficiently solve remote districts and tourist site that normal grid can not be covered
The life in area and commercial power, not generation environment pollution
Traditional photovoltaic module maximum power tracing method (such as perturbation observation method, conductance increment method) is needed in operating point
Disturbance quantity is introduced, tracking error can be caused when environmental condition changes and power output is shaken near maximum power point
Swing.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing method, can be when external environmental condition changes
Photovoltaic module maximum power point tracking can be well realized, can effectively suppress the power output near maximum power point
Vibration, follows the trail of speed soon and is easily achieved, and improves the generating efficiency of photovoltaic module.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system, including voltage sensor, current sensor, switching device,
The electric current, voltage sensor distinguish the output current iPV and voltage uPV of certain frequency sampling photovoltaic module, the switch
Device controls break-make by pwm pulse signal, photovoltaic module is operated in certain power points, also includes：
Recurrence average filtration module：For filtering input signal iPV and uPV medium-high frequency periodic disturbance component, retain letter
DC component in numberWith
Lock-in amplifier：Obtain switching frequency component of degree n n the amplitude diPV and duPV of input signal iPV and uPV；
Divider：WillDivided byGdc is obtained, diPV obtains gdc divided by duPV；
Integral controller：The error of Gdc and gdc is eliminated, dutycycle d is adaptively adjusted, pwm pulse signal control is produced
The on, off of switching device.
The voltage sensor connects recurrence average filtration module and lock-in amplifier respectively, and the recurrence average filters mould
Block and lock-in amplifier connect divider respectively, and the divider connects integral controller, the integral controller connecting valve
Device.
Further, the recurrence average filtration module takes M sampled value and regards a round-robin queue as, and the length of queue is consolidated
It is set to M, a new data is sampled every time and is put into tail of the queue, and throws away a data of original head of the queue, wave filter output every time
The arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of data M data always in current queue.
Further, the integral controller produces the frequency of pwm pulse signal consistent with the switching frequency of switching device,
And sample frequency is the multiple of switching frequency.
A kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing method, comprises the following steps：
1) voltage sensor and current sensor are respectively with the output current iPV and voltage of certain frequency sampling photovoltaic module
Signal is simultaneously reached recurrence average filtration module and lock-in amplifier by uPV；
2) recurrence average filtration module obtains the direct current component value of iPV and uPVWithAnd divider is reached, lock is mutually put
Big device obtains switching frequency component of degree n n the amplitude diPV and duPV of iPV and uPV, and reaches divider；
3) divider willDivided byGdc is obtained, diPV obtains gdc divided by duPV, and Gdc and gdc are reached into integral adjustment
Device,
4) integral controller eliminates the error of Gdc and gdc, is adaptively adjusted dutycycle d, produces pwm signal control to open
The on, off of device is closed, so that photovoltaic module works in maximum power point.
Further, the step 3) in integral controller can be replaced by pi regulator or PID regulator.
The present invention provides a kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system and its tracking, and this method is in extraneous ring
Border condition can well realize photovoltaic module maximum power point tracking when changing, and can effectively suppress in peak power
The vibration of power output near point, follows the trail of speed soon and is easily achieved, and improves the generating efficiency of photovoltaic module.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is structure top view of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is back schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than complete
The embodiment in portion.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not under the premise of creative work is made
The every other embodiment for being obtained, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1 is output power of photovoltaic module-voltage response, from output characteristics, in photovoltaic module in maximum work
Conductance at rate point is zero.
Above formula is arranged
iPV/uPVDefine the load admittance G of dc pointdc,-diPV/duPVDefine small-signal admittance gdc, therefore,
When photovoltaic module is operated at maximum power point, have
Gdc=gdc (3)
If when ambient conditions changes, meet constantly formula (3), then photovoltaic module works in peak power
Point.
Photovoltaic module maximum power tracing circuit based on boost converters as shown in Figure 2, due to switching device VT's
HF switch works, and causes photovoltaic module output voltage uPVWith output current iPVIn in addition to DC component also include high frequency
Component (frequency be switching frequency and its again for several times).If obtaining wherein DC component using some way, G can be obtaineddc；If energy
The amplitude of wherein switching frequency component of degree n n is obtained, g can be obtaineddc, G is then made using closed-loop controldc=gdc, accounted for accordingly
Sky produces the conducting shut-off of pwm signal controlling switch device VT, you can photovoltaic module is worked in maximum power point than d.
Recurrence average filters (Recursive Average Filtering, RAF)
Implementation method：Continuously taking M sampled value regards a round-robin queue as, and the length of queue is fixed as M, samples every time
One new data is put into tail of the queue, and throws away a data (first in first out) of original head of the queue, the number of wave filter output every time
According to the arithmetic mean of instantaneous value of M data in always current queue.The method is particularly well-suited to filter signal medium-high frequency and periodically disturbs
Dynamic component, the DC component in stick signal.
Here is the mathematic(al) representation that it is realized
In formula, x represents input signal, and y represents that, by the filtered output signals of RAF, k represents current time sampled value, M
Represent the number of continuous sampling.
The switching frequency for making switching device is fs, switch periods are Ts；Sample frequency is fc, the sampling period is Tc。
When the value shown in M modus ponens (5), RAF can be filtered due to the opening of switching device, be turned off the high frequency period for introducing
Property disturbance component.
Fig. 3 is that recurrence average filters (RAF) realization principle figure, in figureRepresent that input signal obtains its after being filtered through RAF straight
Flow component.
Lock-in amplifier (Lock-in amplifier, LIA)
Lock-in amplifier can obtain the amplitude of a certain CF (parameter incoming frequency) signal in input signal, and defeated
Entering other frequency contents in signal can not constitute any influence to output.
Make x (t)=n (t)+Asin (2 π fst+θ) (6)
N (t) represents DC component, Asin (2 π fsT+ θ) switching frequency component of degree n n is represented, A is amplitude.
RAF is respectively adopted to filter pd and pq
Can obtain
It is illustrated in figure 4 lock-in amplifier (LIA) theory diagram.
Maximum power tracing
Once obtaining Gdc and gdc, the target of maximum power tracing is
Gdc-gdc=0 (12)
Here the difference between the two admittance is eliminated using integral controller.
Maximum power tracing principle is as shown in Figure 5, it should be noted that the frequency of maximum power tracing and switching device VT
Switching frequency fsUnanimously, sample frequency fcIt should be the multiple of switching frequency.
Sampled the output current i of photovoltaic module respectively by voltage sensor and current sensorPVWith voltage uPV, by iPV
And uPVInput RAF obtains iPVAnd uPVDirect current component valueWithSimultaneously by iPVAnd uPVInput LIA obtains iPVAnd uPVOpen
Close frequency component of degree n n amplitude diPVAnd duPV, willDivided byObtain Gdc, diPVDivided by duPVObtain gdc, eliminated using integral controller
GdcAnd gdcError, be adaptively adjusted dutycycle d, produce the on, off of pwm signal controlling switch device VT so that
Photovoltaic module works in maximum power point.
The present invention provides a kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system and method for tracing, and the present invention is in external environment
Condition can well realize photovoltaic module maximum power point tracking when changing, and can effectively suppress in maximum power point
The vibration of neighbouring power output, follows the trail of speed soon and is easily achieved, and improves the generating efficiency of photovoltaic module.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention for this, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to foregoing implementation
Example has been described in detail to the present invention, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still can be to foregoing each reality
Apply the technical scheme described in example to modify, or equivalent is carried out to which part technical characteristic；And these modification or
Person replaces, and does not make the spirit and scope of the essence disengaging various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme of appropriate technical solution.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of quick photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system, including voltage sensor, current sensor, switching device, institute
State the output current i that electric current, voltage sensor distinguish certain frequency sampling photovoltaic modulePVWith voltage uPV, the switching device
Break-make is controlled by pwm pulse signal, photovoltaic module is operated in certain power points, it is characterised in that also to include：
Recurrence average filtration module：For filtering input signal iPVAnd uPVMedium-high frequency periodic disturbance component, in stick signal
DC componentWith
Lock-in amplifier：Obtain input signal iPVAnd uPVSwitching frequency component of degree n n amplitude diPVAnd duPV；
Divider：WillDivided byObtain Gdc, diPVDivided by duPVObtain gdc；
Integral controller：Eliminate GdcAnd gdcError, be adaptively adjusted dutycycle d, produce pwm pulse signal controlling switch device
The on, off of part；
The voltage sensor connects recurrence average filtration module and lock-in amplifier respectively, the recurrence average filtration module and
Lock-in amplifier connects divider respectively, and the divider connects integral controller, the integral controller connecting valve device.
2. photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system as claimed in claim 1 quick, it is characterised in that the recurrence average filter
Ripple module takes M sampled value and regards a round-robin queue as, and the length of queue is fixed as M, a new data is sampled every time and is put into
Tail of the queue, and throw away a data of original head of the queue, the calculation of wave filter data M data always in current queue of output every time
Art average value.
3. photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system as claimed in claim 1 quick, it is characterised in that the integral controller
Produce the frequency of pwm pulse signal consistent with the switching frequency of switching device, and sample frequency is the multiple of switching frequency.
4. the maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system as claimed in claim 1 quick, its feature
It is to comprise the following steps：
1) voltage sensor and current sensor are respectively with the output current i of certain frequency sampling photovoltaic modulePVWith voltage uPVAnd
Signal is reached into recurrence average filtration module and lock-in amplifier；
2) recurrence average filtration module obtains iPVAnd uPVDirect current component valueWithAnd divider is reached, lock-in amplifier is obtained
To iPVAnd uPVSwitching frequency component of degree n n amplitude diPVAnd duPV, and reach divider；
3) divider willDivided byObtain Gdc, diPVDivided by duPVObtain gdc, and by GdcAnd gdcReach integral controller,
4) integral controller eliminates GdcAnd gdcError, be adaptively adjusted dutycycle d, produce pwm signal controlling switch device
On, off so that photovoltaic module works in maximum power point.
5. the maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic module maximum power tracing system as claimed in claim 4 quick, its feature
Be, the step 3) in integral controller can be replaced by pi regulator or PID regulator.
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| CN201608672U (en) * | 2010-02-08 | 2010-10-13 | 南京国睿新能电子有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking controller based on Boost circuit |
| JP5830941B2 (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2015-12-09 | 株式会社明電舎 | Phase synchronization detection circuit |
| CN103513693B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2016-08-10 | 沈阳工业大学 | Control method based on single argument current method photovoltaic maximum power tracking control system |
| CN103995558B (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-07-29 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of maximum power point of photovoltaic array tracking based on chaos optimization search |
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