CN104764954A - Networked intelligent load recognition device and method - Google Patents
Networked intelligent load recognition device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a networked intelligent load recognition device and method. By means of the recognition device, electrical parameter sampling is conducted on civil single electric loads through a high-performance processor chip and a high-accuracy electric energy collection chip, load parameters including instantaneous voltage, current, power, apparent power, active power, reactive power, active fundamental waves, active harmonic waves, reactive fundamental waves, power factors and alternating-current frequency in detail are sampled and measured, and sufficient data support and function expansion are provided for the subsequent recognition algorithm Meanwhile, an RS485 and a TCPIP protocol interface are designed for the recognition device and used for being networked with a PC centralized control terminal, and device networked data transmission is achieved; the RS485 bus has a specific data format and a specific verification method, reliable data communication is ensured, a networking function is achieved between multiple computers, and the background centralized control is conveniently achieved. Analysis and comprehensive model distinguishing are conducted on the basis of various electrical parameters, and the load recognition accuracy rate is greatly increased.
Description
This patent obtains Tianjin Normal University's school level youth fund project: contactless remained capacity technical research (item number: 52XQ1401) is supported.
Technical field
The invention belongs to applying electronic product technical field, relate to a kind of network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device for the civilian AC load equipment of individual event and recognition methods, be applicable to the application scenario needing to identify civilian individual event AC load.
Background technology
Remained capacity at present for civilian alternating current is mainly divided into two kinds of methods: general power limits diagnostic method and instantaneous power increment diagnostic method.
General power limits diagnostic method, and its principle is when the increase of individual event electric loading end electric power, when reaching the threshold value of power load setting, disconnects single-phase electricity loop by MCU pilot relay or isolating switch, plays high power load identification and cut off the object of powering.The application scenario of current most of remained capacity is all adopted and is controlled in this way, and this method can tentatively identify high power load electrical equipment, but then cannot judge for the load of power below load threshold value.
Instantaneous power increment diagnostic method, its principle is for bearing power sampling is carried out at interval with Minimum-time unit, and preserve power data, after each sampling process terminates, utilize current sample values and a front sampled value carry out work difference compare, be used as poor result larger time, represent bearing power have larger change, namely there is relatively high power load to access, play the object of remained capacity.
At present based on the remained capacity device of as above recognition methods, all not there is network savvy, cannot the state of each recognition unit of real time inspection, remote reset cannot be carried out to recognition unit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical matters existed in above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device and recognition methods, this device is on the basis identifying multiple load characteristic parameter, complete the differentiation to electricity consumption loadtype, and possess network savvy, be convenient to remote centralized Systematical control.
The present invention for addressing this problem taked technical scheme is:
Network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device of the present invention, comprises control chip, the electrical quantity acquisition chip be connected with control chip and relay and voltage acquisition unit and current acquisition unit; Electrical quantity acquisition chip is connected with line of electric force with AD converter respectively by voltage acquisition unit, current acquisition unit, current acquisition unit comprises the current transformer and the first low-pass filter that connect around line of electric force, and voltage acquisition unit comprises the voltage transformer (VT) and the second low-pass filter that connect around line of electric force; Control chip is connected with centralized control platform by universal serial bus.
Wherein, electrical quantity acquisition chip adopts CS5463 chip, and the electrical quantity gathered comprises instantaneous voltage, electric current, power, applied power, active power, reactive power, meritorious first-harmonic, meritorious harmonic wave, idle first-harmonic, power factor and a-c cycle.
Control chip adopts MSP430F5438, and control chip is also connected with LCD display and toggle switch.Control chip can be connected with centralized control platform by RS485 bus, also can pass through RS485 bus, translation interface is connected with centralized control platform with ICP/IP protocol bus.
A kind of network-enabled intelligent load identification method, the method comprises the steps:
The sampled data of CS5463 chip buffer memory is read in control chip circulation, gets general power, delta power, harmonic wave air quantity, power factor, these five electrical quantitys of phase place as the distinguishing rule of this device;
First, judge general power, differentiate the size of power, identify the power grade of electrical appliance equipment with this;
Secondly, judge delta power, be identified in the electrical equipment access of different capacity in multiple-purpose electric appliance circuit with the increment of unit interval internal power, and judge with this power grade accessing electrical appliance;
Three, judge harmonic component, not electrical appliance access, inevitably brings certain harmonic components due to himself characteristic, judges electrical appliance classification with this;
Four, power factor is judged, based on different classes of electrical appliance, place in circuit, the power factor of generation is different, judges the classification of electrical appliance;
Five, judge the phase place of electric current and voltage, be ahead of current phase based on perceptual electrical voltage phase place, capacitive electrical voltage phase place lags behind current phase, the phase locked feature of resistive electrical equipment, differentiates electrical equipment classification;
By the judgement of different electrical parameters, finally by discrimination model, identify the type of load, reach the object of remained capacity; According to control end electricity consumption strategy, complete relay on-off and control, according to control command, timely uploading data.
The present invention adopts high-performance processor chip and high precision electric energy acquisition chip to carry out electrical quantity sampling to civilian individual event electric loading, by sampling, the multiple load electrical parameters obtained carries out sorting algorithm analysis, obtain the analysis result based on different loads electrical quantity, dissimilar load is being carried out on the basis of great many of experiments measurement, set up the remained capacity model based on electrical parameters analysis result, according to this model, program curing, finally reaches the object to individual event electric loading Weigh sensor.
The advantage that the present invention has and good effect are:
Employing high-performance processor chip of the present invention and high precision electric energy acquisition chip carry out electrical quantity sampling to civilian individual event electric loading, sampled measurements load electrical parameters is detailed, comprise instantaneous voltage, electric current, power, applied power, active power, reactive power, meritorious first-harmonic, meritorious harmonic wave, idle first-harmonic, power factor, a-c cycle, for follow-up recognizer provides sufficient Data support, and Function Extension.Simultaneously this apparatus design RS485 and ICP/IP protocol translation interface, for networking with PC centralized control end, realizes the transmission of equipment networking data; RS485 bus possesses specific data layout and method of calibration, ensure that data reliable communication, makes to possess networking function between multimachine, is convenient to realize backstage centralized control.The present invention is based on electrical parameters analysis, unified model differentiates, greatly improves remained capacity accuracy rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of network-enabled intelligent load identification method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing, network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device of the present invention and recognition methods are described in detail.Specific embodiment described below is only preferred forms of the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device of the present invention, comprises control chip, the electrical quantity acquisition chip be connected with control chip and relay and voltage acquisition unit and current acquisition unit; Electrical quantity acquisition chip is connected with line of electric force with AD converter respectively by voltage acquisition unit, current acquisition unit, current acquisition unit comprises the current transformer and the first low-pass filter that connect around line of electric force, and voltage acquisition unit comprises the voltage transformer (VT) and the second low-pass filter that connect around line of electric force; Control chip is connected with centralized control platform by universal serial bus.
Wherein, electrical quantity acquisition chip adopts CS5463 chip, microprocessor is operated CS5463 chip by related protocol, automatically the sampled measurements of some row electrical quantitys can be completed, comprising instantaneous voltage, electric current, power, applied power, active power, reactive power, meritorious first-harmonic, meritorious harmonic wave, idle first-harmonic, power factor, a-c cycle.Relative to general remained capacity device, apparatus of the present invention can obtain some row electrical energy parameters, and analyze some row electrical quantitys, finally comprehensively draw recognition result.
Control chip adopts MSP430F5438, MSP430F5438 to have 256K FLASH, 16K RAM, 32 single command cycle multipliers, and 4 USCI, dominant frequency can reach 20MHz.32 single command cycle multipliers that this processor has, the algorithm process that this device very applicable relates to, much 4 USCI conveniently and mostly count peripheral hardware and are connected, and are convenient to expanded function.Larger FLASH memory, can meet the complexity of program design.
Control chip can be connected with centralized control platform by RS485 bus, also can pass through RS485 bus, translation interface is connected with centralized control platform with ICP/IP protocol bus, achieve equipment networking, support parametric controller in superset, centralized control platform can read electrical quantity and the recognition result of selected recognition device in real time, be convenient to make corresponding electricity consumption strategy, centralized control platform can issue corresponding recognition mode, the flexible management of power use that real present time is short simultaneously.Equipment networking, concentrated controling management function are that on current market, remained capacity device is short of.
Control chip is also connected with LCD display and toggle switch.This device adopts high-performance processor and high precision electric energy acquisition IC to carry out electrical quantity sampling to civilian individual event electric loading, by sampling, the multiple load electrical parameters obtained carries out sorting algorithm analysis, obtain the analysis result based on different loads electrical quantity, dissimilar load is being carried out on the basis of great many of experiments measurement, set up the remained capacity model based on electrical parameters analysis result, according to this model, program curing, finally reaches the object to individual event electric loading Weigh sensor.This device realizes a series of load electrical parameters of sampled measurements, the electrical quantity obtained by Algorithm Analysis, and synthesis result judges loadtype, supports many equipment networks simultaneously, background control center networking control function, supports power-off controlling functions.
The course of work of network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device of the present invention is as follows: this device utilizes the mutual inductance by a certain percentage of voltage transformer (VT) summation current transformer to obtain alternating voltage and alternating current from civilian individual event alternating current 220V line of electric force up-sampling, the high fdrequency component may responded to and obtain is filtered through low-pass filter, the sampling pin of protect IC CS5463, then CS5463 is input to, some row point sampling parameters are obtained by inner high-order AD and the DSP kernel processes of CS, control chip is by SPI interface communications protocol, register setting and reading is carried out according to CS5463 communication sequential, finally read and obtain load electrical parameters.
After microprocessor samples obtains electrical quantity, be temporary in EEPROM, wherein electrical quantity mainly contains comprising instantaneous voltage, electric current, power, applied power, active power, reactive power, meritorious first-harmonic, meritorious harmonic wave, idle first-harmonic, power factor, a-c cycle.MCU is to described in the judgement of active power and general power diagnostic method, and MCU is to the diagnostic method of the judgement of instantaneous power and instantaneous power increment.This device mainly increases to be analyzed meritorious harmonic component and power factor.The result of last comprehensive multinomial analysis, draws loadtype judged result.
In addition, the mode that MCU is interrupted by serial ports, receives the order from Centralized Controller, carries out command analysis according to agreement, judges that the data content after resolving carries out data upload, the operations such as the actuating of relay.
This device carries out the setting of the machine address by toggle switch, after device power starts, first the reading of dial-up state is carried out, setting Self address, backstage Centralized Controller carries out addressing access by this address to individual equipment, and this device also supports this geoelectric parameter Presentation Function simultaneously, utilizes LCD display, the electrical quantity that real-time display is current, is convenient to check and debug.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of network-enabled intelligent load identification method of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, the identifying of recognition device of the present invention is as follows: after microprocessor program starts, first MCU completes the initialization to each module of therein, then the initialization to external chip CS5463 is completed, after initialization procedure completes, read the state of toggle switch again, and in this, as the physical address of the machine.
MCU to electric energy acquisition IC---CS5463 operates, completing after corresponding registers arranges, carries out the reading of data register by spi bus, read relevant register value, obtain the general power of load end, current power increment, harmonic component, power factor, the electrical quantitys such as phase place.For general power, the main size differentiating power, according to its size, just slightly judgement belongs to miniwatt, middle power or high-power electric appliance.Delta power, compared by current time power and previous moment power, difference position delta power, size according to delta power judges the increase and decrease of the different electrical equipment of load end, judge the power situation increasing and decreasing electrical equipment on original circuit, judge the power grade of the load increased according to this situation, and then just slightly judge the type of load.Harmonic component judges, the load of Nonlinear Integer stream type, in its work operational process, electric current produces distortion, and waveform shape departs from standard sine wave, there is a large amount of harmonic component, the load of non-linear rectification class can be identified, computing machine, televisor with this parameter, from electrically, fluorescent light etc. belong to this type of load.Power factor, purely resistive load, curent change is with change in voltage, active power no better than applied power, power factor close to 1, therefore by the judgement of power factor, can identify the load of this type of purely resistive, electric furnace, immersion heater, electric cooker, incandescent lamp etc. belong to this type of load.Phase place, feature for inductive load: but voltage, power frequency are identical has the effect of prolonging change due to inductance, causes a curent change phasing degree more sluggish than change in voltage, therefore judges to judge inductive load by phasing degree, electric fan, motor belongs to this type of load.
By the judgement of different electrical parameters, finally by discrimination model, identify the type of load, reach the object of remained capacity.
Meanwhile, in program process, carry out data receiver, resolve data by the mode of interrupting, the content according to data completes the function such as the actuating of relay and data upload.
As can be seen here, the concrete steps of recognition methods of the present invention are as follows: device powers on, after completing power-up initializing, the sampled data of chip CS5463 buffer memory is read in circulation, get general power, delta power, harmonic wave air quantity, power factor, these five electrical quantitys of phase place as the distinguishing rule of this device, first, judge general power, see whether in setting threshold range, the power grade of electrical appliance equipment can be identified with this; Secondly, judge delta power, its access of different capacity in multiple-purpose electric appliance circuit can be identified at the increment of unit interval internal power, can judge with this power grade accessing electrical appliance; Three, judge harmonic component, not electrical appliance access, inevitably bring certain harmonic components due to himself characteristic, can judge electrical appliance classification with this, such as: resistive electrical equipment, harmonic component is usually less, and perceptual electrical equipment harmonic component is usually larger; Four, judge power factor, based on different classes of electrical appliance, place in circuit, the power factor of generation need not, can judge the classification of electrical appliance, such as: purely resistive electrical equipment, power factor is close to 1, and capacitive and perceptual appliance power factor are usually from away from 1; Five, judge the phase place of electric current and voltage, be ahead of current phase based on perceptual electrical voltage phase place, capacitive electrical voltage phase place lags behind current phase, and the phase locked feature of resistive electrical equipment, can differentiate electrical equipment classification.The judgement of comprehensive above five parameters, more accurately can identify the classification of electrical appliance in power circuit.According to control end electricity consumption strategy, complete relay on-off and control, according to control command, timely uploading data.
Network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device of the present invention has following advantage:
1, sampled measurements load electrical parameters is detailed, comprise instantaneous voltage, electric current, power, applied power, active power, reactive power, meritorious first-harmonic, meritorious harmonic wave, idle first-harmonic, power factor, a-c cycle, for follow-up recognizer provides sufficient Data support, and Function Extension;
2, RS485 bus interface is provided, possesses specific data layout, and method of calibration, ensure that data reliable communication, make to possess networking function between multimachine, be convenient to realize backstage centralized control;
3, hardware computation ability is strong, 32 monocycle multipliers that microprocessor carries, the convenient integral operation realizing current/voltage in a program, and FFT conversion etc., for algorithm realization provides hardware foundation;
4, based on the analysis of electrical parameters, unified model differentiates, greatly improves remained capacity accuracy rate.
Claims (5)
1. a network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device, comprises control chip, the electrical quantity acquisition chip be connected with control chip and relay and voltage acquisition unit and current acquisition unit; It is characterized in that: electrical quantity acquisition chip is connected with line of electric force with AD converter respectively by voltage acquisition unit, current acquisition unit, current acquisition unit comprises the current transformer and the first low-pass filter that connect around line of electric force, and voltage acquisition unit comprises the voltage transformer (VT) and the second low-pass filter that connect around line of electric force; Control chip is connected with centralized control platform by universal serial bus.
2. a kind of network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: electrical quantity acquisition chip adopts CS5463 chip, the electrical quantity gathered comprises instantaneous voltage, electric current, power, applied power, active power, reactive power, meritorious first-harmonic, meritorious harmonic wave, idle first-harmonic, power factor and a-c cycle.
3. a kind of network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: control chip adopts MSP430F5438, and control chip is also connected with LCD display and toggle switch.
4. a kind of network-enabled intelligent remained capacity device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: control chip is connected with centralized control platform with ICP/IP protocol bus by RS485 bus, translation interface.
5. a network-enabled intelligent load identification method, is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
The sampled data of CS5463 chip buffer memory is read in control chip circulation, gets general power, delta power, harmonic wave air quantity, power factor, these five electrical quantitys of phase place as the distinguishing rule of this device;
First, judge general power, differentiate the size of power, identify the power grade of electrical appliance equipment with this;
Secondly, judge delta power, be identified in the electrical equipment access of different capacity in multiple-purpose electric appliance circuit with the increment of unit interval internal power, and judge with this power grade accessing electrical appliance;
Three, judge harmonic component, not electrical appliance access, inevitably brings certain harmonic components due to himself characteristic, judges electrical appliance classification with this;
Four, power factor is judged, based on different classes of electrical appliance, place in circuit, the power factor of generation is different, judges the classification of electrical appliance;
Five, judge the phase place of electric current and voltage, be ahead of current phase based on perceptual electrical voltage phase place, capacitive electrical voltage phase place lags behind current phase, the phase locked feature of resistive electrical equipment, differentiates electrical equipment classification;
By the judgement of different electrical parameters, finally by discrimination model, identify the type of load, reach the object of remained capacity; According to control end electricity consumption strategy, complete relay on-off and control, according to control command, timely uploading data.
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| CN105868790A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-17 | 湖南工业大学 | Electrical load type recognizer |
| CN106845553A (en) * | 2017-02-04 | 2017-06-13 | 武汉阿帕科技有限公司 | Load characteristic identification mechanism, method and auto-power-off device |
| CN107340443A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-10 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of method, apparatus and system of Intelligent Recognition electric loading |
| CN108573288A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-09-25 | 福建新开普信息科技有限公司 | A kind of resistive load identification and learning method based on electric energy meter |
| CN112034238A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-04 | 山东润一智能科技有限公司 | Electric equipment identification method and system |
| CN112394244A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-02-23 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | Detection circuit, electric appliance and control method |
| CN112567589A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-03-26 | 伊莱克斯家用电器股份公司 | Smart plug and method for determining operation information of household appliance through smart plug |
| CN112816816A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 无锡小净共享网络科技有限公司 | Malignant load identification method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN117491848A (en) * | 2023-12-30 | 2024-02-02 | 深圳市瀚强科技股份有限公司 | Device, method, equipment and system for determining circuit attribute |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105868790A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-08-17 | 湖南工业大学 | Electrical load type recognizer |
| CN106845553A (en) * | 2017-02-04 | 2017-06-13 | 武汉阿帕科技有限公司 | Load characteristic identification mechanism, method and auto-power-off device |
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| CN112567589A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-03-26 | 伊莱克斯家用电器股份公司 | Smart plug and method for determining operation information of household appliance through smart plug |
| US11946960B2 (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2024-04-02 | Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag | Smart plug and method for determining operating information of a household appliance by a smart plug |
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| CN112394244A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-02-23 | 广东美的白色家电技术创新中心有限公司 | Detection circuit, electric appliance and control method |
| CN112034238A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-04 | 山东润一智能科技有限公司 | Electric equipment identification method and system |
| CN112816816A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 无锡小净共享网络科技有限公司 | Malignant load identification method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN117491848A (en) * | 2023-12-30 | 2024-02-02 | 深圳市瀚强科技股份有限公司 | Device, method, equipment and system for determining circuit attribute |
| CN117491848B (en) * | 2023-12-30 | 2024-03-19 | 深圳市瀚强科技股份有限公司 | Device, method, equipment and system for determining circuit attribute |
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