CN102749549B - A kind of transformer station AC current-voltage secondary circuit Smart Verify system - Google Patents
A kind of transformer station AC current-voltage secondary circuit Smart Verify system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of transformer station AC current-voltage secondary circuit Smart Verify system, in hardware components of the present invention, dsp chip is connected with primary circuit AD7865, and primary circuit A/D chip is connected with the input of primary circuit forcipated mutual-inductor current sample and voltage sample input again respectively；ARM embedded controller is connected with secondary circuit A/D chip also by GPRS communication module, and secondary circuit A/D chip is connected with the input of secondary circuit forcipated mutual-inductor current sample and voltage sample input again respectively；Regulation Control module is also connected with DC/DC power module；DC/DC power module is connected with AC/DC switch power module again；Software section includes Regulation Control PID arithmetic, GPRS communication processing section and DSP synchronous sampling algorithm part, and described three partial software all adopt ARM+DSP software design unit to complete.The present invention be a kind of totally digitilized, multi-functional, in high precision, intelligentized multiparameter loop measurement apparatus, be the equipment must used in the engineering such as transformer station, power plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the visual plant of a kind of transformer station AC current-voltage secondary circuit test, it is used in particular for the correctness of inspection transformer station electric current, voltage secondary circuit wiring, the method of inspection in unified and standard transformer station's AC current-voltage loop, belongs to defeated (joining) power plant project equipment technical field.
Background technology
Owing to transformer station exchanges secondary circuit, various incipient fault hidden danger often occurs, cause the accident that the error action of device such as relay protection or tripping cause still constantly to occur.According to relevant code, regulation requirements such as GB50171T-1992 " electric device installing engineering dish, cabinet and second loop return wiring construction and acceptance specification ", Q/CSG10008-2004 " relay protection and automatic safety device inspection regulations "; " second loop return wiring construction in line with the drawings; wiring is correct "; particularly " new input or modified electric current, voltage circuit; should directly utilize running voltage and check voltage secondary circuit, utilize load current to check the correctness of electric current secondary loop wiring." etc. clause ac circuit is installed wiring, test be desirable that its correctness and reliability.
At present, lacking the standard about the work of AC current-voltage secondary circuit field adjustable, on-the-spot experiment work is also lack of standardization.The AC current-voltage secondary circuit testing instruments system that all nonfunctional is complete both at home and abroad.The on-the-spot inspection mainly utilizing the equipment such as aneroid battery cooperation pointer multimeter, cable sorter, pincerlike phase meter, relay-protection tester, mutual-inductor tester and strong current generator to complete loop individual equipment, lacks integrity and systematicness.
Owing to scene test does not have special pilot system, automatic intelligent level is not high, on-the-spot test will load and unload a second trial equipment every time, great waste is brought to human resources, under different personnel, distinct methods, the correct matching problem of transformer secondary circuit and secondary device highlights, it does not have set up science, objective, intelligent checking system.Substation project exists potential safety hazard and the not high problem of test mass, is also badly in need of the test of research and development a set of science objective AC current-voltage secondary circuit checking system unified standard scene.
Transformer station's AC current-voltage secondary circuit Smart Verify system is the inspection procedure relevant according to power industry relay protection and standard, be specifically designed in AC current-voltage in-circuit testing intellectualizing system.Detecting device can substantially do not change circuit connection, need not handling test equipment and being distributed in other situations more scattered for test site repeatedly, measure the voltage x current of primary side and secondary side and phase value online and provide result.And then judge the open circuit in loop, short circuit, loose contact, CT reverse polarity connection, CT change or the loop fault such as PT, it is the capable a set of transformer station automated intelligent checking system of power department.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to replace traditional current/voltage secondary circuit tester, develop that a kind of intelligence degree is high, practicality reliably, in high precision, portable transformer station AC current-voltage secondary circuit Smart Verify system, the management strengthening power department current/voltage secondary circuit further forms unified operation or work standard, and improves the safe and stable operation of electrical network.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution.
A kind of transformer station AC current-voltage secondary circuit Smart Verify system, feature of present invention is, including hardware components and software section；Hardware components connects dsp chip, TFTLCD display module, 4X4 matrix keyboard, digital dock calendar chip, PC interface, Regulation Control module respectively with ARM embedded controller for core；Wherein, dsp chip is connected with primary circuit AD7865, and primary circuit A/D chip is connected with the input of primary circuit forcipated mutual-inductor current sample and voltage sample input again respectively；ARM embedded controller is connected with secondary circuit A/D chip also by GPRS communication module, and secondary circuit A/D chip is connected with the input of secondary circuit forcipated mutual-inductor current sample and voltage sample input again respectively；Regulation Control module is also connected with DC/DC power module；DC/DC power module is connected with AC/DC switch power module again；
Software section includes Regulation Control PID arithmetic, GPRS communication processing section and DSP synchronous sampling algorithm part, and described three partial software all adopt ARM+DSP software design unit to complete.
Dsp software design cell of the present invention, after light-coupled isolation, connects motor-drive circuit and A/D convertor circuit, thus reaching the control of the output voltage of pressure regulator and the purpose of the startup of A/D chip and conversion.
The calculation process of the sampled data of the present invention is arranged in dsp software design cell；Algorithm adopts fft algorithm and Hardware synchronous sampling method.
ARM embedded controller is attached mating with GPRS communication module, and wherein GPRS selects GTM900C wireless module.
A/D chip of the present invention adopts high-speed chip AD7865.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, adopt the scheme of " high-precision A/D+ARM+DSP+GPRS ", the advantage of this scheme, it is in that the transmission of the data in the measurement of secondary side to be transferred to test terminal by GPRS, meet field operation environment, simultaneously pressure regulator has the output of programmable voltage, and Regulation Control has and automatically and manually controls two ways, the requirement having adapted to field monitoring taken into full account.
Present invention is expanded on further below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1: population structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 2: system hardware theory diagram；
Accompanying drawing 3: peripheral circuit schematic diagram；
Accompanying drawing 4: software workflow figure；
Accompanying drawing 5: calibrating transformer station current/voltage second loop return wiring figure；
Accompanying drawing 6: system controller wiring diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention belongs to a kind of electric power electric current voltage circuit Auto-Test System, the method is:
1) first short circuit electric current, magnitude of voltage are calculated by ATS software; then the good transforming plant primary equipment state of respective operations; connect Auto-Test System; add electric current, voltage manually or automatically; all transformer secondary circuits to trend process again; amplitude and phase value is measured online with intelligence clamp phase meter; and pass test data back test terminal by GPRS; whether equal compare with value of calculation, and then judge correctness and the failure cause of transformer secondary circuit and protection polarity.
2) for test site distribution ratio when relatively decentralized, use gprs system measure the voltage x current of primary side and secondary side and phase value online and provide test result, and then judge that the open circuit in loop, short circuit, loose contact, CT reverse polarity connection, CT change or the loop fault such as PT；
3) micro-computer controlled test overall process is adopted, when not changing test loop, the situation of detection electric current, voltage circuit and mutual inductor polarity, shows the primary current under instantaneous detection state, secondary current, voltage, mutual inductance ratio, and the data of collection pass through GPRS remote transmission to test terminal；
4) test terminal software system can calculate parameter automatically according to the related data gathered and correlation theory formula, and more substantially judge whether equal with value of calculation, and liquid crystal display shows test result automatically.
Seeing Fig. 1, a kind of transformer station AC current-voltage secondary circuit Smart Verify system, feature of present invention is: include hardware components and software section；Hardware components connects dsp chip, TFTLCD display module, 4X4 matrix keyboard, digital dock calendar chip, PC interface, Regulation Control module respectively with ARM embedded controller for core；Wherein, dsp chip is connected with primary circuit AD7865, and primary circuit A/D chip is connected with the input of primary circuit forcipated mutual-inductor current sample and voltage sample input again respectively；ARM embedded controller is connected with secondary circuit A/D chip also by GPRS communication module, and secondary circuit A/D chip is connected with the input of secondary circuit forcipated mutual-inductor current sample and voltage sample input again respectively；Regulation Control module is also connected with DC/DC power module；DC/DC power module is connected with AC/DC switch power module again；
Software section includes Regulation Control PID arithmetic, GPRS communication processing section and DSP synchronous sampling algorithm part, and described three partial software all adopt ARM+DSP software design unit to complete.
Dsp software design cell of the present invention, after light-coupled isolation, connects motor-drive circuit and A/D convertor circuit, thus reaching the control of the output voltage of pressure regulator and the purpose of the startup of A/D chip and conversion.
The calculation process of the sampled data of the present invention is arranged in dsp software design cell；Algorithm adopts fft algorithm and Hardware synchronous sampling method.
ARM embedded controller is attached mating with GPRS communication module, and wherein GPRS selects GTM900C wireless module.
A/D chip of the present invention adopts high-speed chip AD7865.
See that Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 sampled signal obtains field measurement data by sample circuit, but signal packet containing much noise interference and higher hamonic wave can cause the error of the aspects such as frequency measurement, if can not be evenly distributed in the signal period for fft algorithm sampled value, very big measurement error can be brought, so sampled data must be processed to measuring.It is randomness white noise that various noises in power system can be generally considered as.These years, in succession there is the method that scholar proposed many elimination noises, such as Wavelet Transform etc..Wavelet transformation has good localization property when time-frequency domain exists simultaneously, can be automatically adjusted sampling density according to signal different frequency composition, thus realizing signal noise silencing is processed.Consider automatic tester it is important that the detection function of phase and amplitude and the DSP hardware convenience to FFT, and the design still adopts FFT to be that rudimentary algorithm seeks the noise-eliminating method based on fft algorithm.Adopt fft algorithm de-noising can make an issue of on window function, it is referred to use Cosine Window to put forward high-precision thinking, and sinusoidal signal auto-correlation function is the cosine function of same frequency, and the almost nil characteristic of the auto-correlation function of white noise function eliminates white noise.Adopt and add the white noise impact that cosine window function method is modified reducing in signal, improve the certainty of measurement of detection system.
See Fig. 5, first short circuit current value is obtained by software mathematical model formula, then first close primary equipment chopper and corresponding disconnecting link thereof, close experiment power supply sky again to open, by novel controllable voltage regulating device output voltage, it is achieved one time load uncertainty direction is: pressure regulator output AC power source → transforming plant primary equipment → transformator → transforming plant primary equipment → short dot.All current transformers to trend process again; on-load hexagonal figure test job is cashier's office in a shop carried out at protection device and relevant measurement, measuring screen respectively with intelligence clamp phase meter; test data back carries out data statistic analysis, judgement etc. to systems soft ware, after cut-off breaker and accordingly disconnecting link and experiment power supply.
The voltage circuit method of inspection: under above analog current operating condition of test, open test short dot, voltage circuit detection test can be carried out by dosage.
Master-plan:
Transformer station's AC current-voltage secondary circuit Smart Verify system is functionally divided and is mainly made up of five major parts: Switching Power Supply, and analog functuion part, numerical portion, GPRS communication part and PID control part.System is mainly made up of three pieces of circuit boards: analog functuion plate, GPRS communication board and driving plate.Analog functuion plate with embedded microprocessor DSP+ARM as main control chip, the collection of major control analog data, pressure regulator motor driving, the function such as be simultaneously responsible for GPRS communication, LCD shows.System the general frame is as shown in Figure 1:
System is divided structure and is made up of hardware components and software section, hardware components is made up of Switching Power Supply, analog functuion part, numerical portion and GPRS communication function part, and software is mainly made up of three parts: analog data collection software design unit, GPRS Communication software design unit and pressure regulator motor PID control.Analog data collection unit is mainly used to carry out synchronous data sampling, and the data of sampling are carried out fft analysis calculating, also completes the human interface functions such as communication and display simultaneously.PID unit is programmed by DSP module, controls motor by drive circuit etc., thus controlling the voltage output of pressure regulator；GPRS communicated a secondary side circuit data exchange.Program adopts modularity, Thought of Structured Design, it is simple to transplanting, functional module can extend easily, specifically as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows.
Hardware components:
1, Switching Power Supply:
System is made up of two large divisions: analog functuion part and GPRS funtion part, two-part power supply is all provided by Switching Power Supply.Power Management Design seems important, and this power work is at high frequency state, and loss is smaller, and conversion ratio is up to more than 80%, and has matured product in the market, thus after determining the demand of power supply, buys just passable in market.
2, analog portion:
Input signal can be divided into voltage channel and current channel according to the passage measured, and once and secondary side.Current signal attenuator circuit by two kinds of precision current transformer compositions so that it is in the scope of AD sampling；Measurement channel characteristic is as follows；
Voltage channel voltage is limit: voltage measurement amount is limited to 5V～550V
Input impedance: > 500k Ω
Resolution: 0.001V
The current channel magnitude of current is limit: 0.1mA～10A
Resolution: 0.0001A
Design adopts precision current type transformer CT, the size of sampling resistor can be changed according to maximum detection voltage effective value；Regulate slide rheostat size, by signal filtering, voltage lifting, power amplification, measured signal is converted into the input signal of A/D chip；Adopt Zero-cross comparator method to make Uout compare generation power frequency square-wave signal with lifting zero point simultaneously, as the input signal of phase-locked loop circuit, provide sampling pulse for AD conversion.
Design of drive circuit:
Motor drives major loop to adopt floating ground pre-driver, and is powered by independent power supply.Owing to pre-driver circuit have employed photoelectric coupling, control signal is made to insulate with respective pre-driver circuit electrical respectively, then make control signal to the floating ground (or not altogether) of major loop, it is ensured that drive circuit (major loop) with control loop insulation, there is significantly high safety and reliability.
3, numerical portion:
Numerical portion chip DSP is as data operation part, it is possible to give full play to its unique advantage to Digital Signal Processing.Interface control chip is a high-performance 32-bit risc microcontroller based on ARM7TDMI-S core.Processor is with Thumb instruction extension；Dominant frequency is up to 72MHz；nullEmbedded 512KBFlash，Support ISP and IAP，58KBSRAM，The reinforced vectored interrupt controller of PLL，10/100M ether guipure DMA，USB2.0 full-speed device interface，2 road CAN2.0 interfaces，General dma controller，4 UART interface，1 interface with global function Modem，3 I2C serial line interfaces，3 SPI/SSP serial line interfaces，One I2S interface，SD/MMC memory card interface，8 10, tunnel ADC，1 10, tunnel DAC，Catch/comparison clock for 4 32，House dog clock，PWM module supports 3 phase motor controls，The optional backup battery of RTC real-time clock band，General purpose I/O etc.，The technical manual of chip is refer to about the particulars of various model chip.
The kernel module of DSP is the core that whole transformer station AC current-voltage secondary circuit Smart Verify system data processes, and its design must account for stable, at a high speed and the various aspects such as anti-interference.
Memorizer and clock interface
Memorizer is mainly formed .NANDFLASH by the NANDFLASH memory chip of Samsung to be capacity is the non-volatile flash memory chip of 16MB, can be used for depositing and gathers the data come and for the historical data uploaded.
Clock adopts the PCF8563 chip of PHILIPS company.This chip has Low-Power CMOS real-time clock/calendar, and peripheral interface is simple, and precision and reliability are high, working stability.Chip maximum bus speed is 400kbits/s, and every time after read-write data, its embedded word address register can automatically generate increment.PCF8563 has 16 eight bit registers, and have can the address register of auto-increment, the agitator (being internally integrated electric capacity with) of built-in 32.768kHz, frequency divider (for providing source clock to real-time clock RTC), programmable clock out, intervalometer, alarm, brown-out detector and 400kHz I2C EBI etc.；Have simultaneously the meter second, point, time, week, day, the moon, year and leap year compensate function, available binary numeral and binary-coded decimal express time, calendar and locking.After setting up lithium battery, within 10 years, can not lose data under powering-off state, functionally can meet the needs of this device completely.
GPRS Design of Communication Interface
In native system, selecting GTM900C to realize GPRS data transfer function, GPRS module selects Huawei's GTM900C module, and it is a three frequency band GSMs/GPRS wireless module.Module interface is simple, easy to use and powerful.It is supported the AT order of standard and strengthens AT order.The flank speed of the GPRS data business of GTM900C provides the ZIF interface of 40 feet up to 85.6kbit/GTM900C, mainly has power interface, UART interface (maximum serial ports speed is up to 115200bit/s), standard SIM card interface and analog voice interface.
GPRS module is very simple with the connection of ARM, owing to both are communicated by serial interface, so both being connected with Serial Port Line.The network function of GPRS is all integrated in the module, it is only necessary to serial ports parameter set in this one end of primary processor, then sends corresponding AT instruction and module is operated.
Analog interface designs:
In the AC sample system of native system designs, to the unusual height of the requirement of precision, for this, native system adopts the method for external A/D, controls outside converter by DSP and the parameters of electric power such as three-phase alternating voltage, electric current is carried out AC sampling.Adopt suitable hardware to connect, start two panels AD7865 with an operational order simultaneously, sample corresponding three-phase voltage and electric current so that Im, Um are the sampled value of synchronization simultaneously.
AD7865 is 14 4 passage high-speed a/d converters that AD company of the U.S. releases.Its fastest sample rate is every passage 2.4 μ s；There are 4 road synchronized samplings inputs and 4 follow/hold amplifier；Can single supply (+5V) work；There is the functions such as wide input range (being ± 10V to the maximum), low-power consumption and input overvoltage protection.Specific requirement according to modulate circuit design, selects AD7865-2 type A/D chip here, and the analog voltage range of its input is 0～5V, can consider the A/D chip of more seniority top digit in the design, and the AD of such as 16 converts chip.
Software section:
Fourier transform is a kind of variation that signal transforms from the time domain to frequency domain, is the important analytical tool in signal processing field.The present invention is based on, on the basis of discrete Fourier transform (DFT), adopting Hardware synchronous sampling algorithm, reach system accuracy requirement.
Due to the method about discrete Fourier transform (DFT), any " Signals & Systems " books all have, is not here just repeating.
It is several that ac sampling method includes synchronized sampling method, quasi-synchronuous sampling method, non-integer-period sampled method, non-synchronous sampling method etc., and system adopts synchronized sampling method.Synchronized sampling method is exactly the complete cycle of uniform sampling at equal intervals, it is desirable to measured signal cycle T and sampling time interval △ t and meet relational expression T=N △ t between sampling number N in one week, and namely sample frequency is N times of measured signal frequency.Different according to providing sampled signal mode, synchronized sampling method is divided into again synchronous sampling by software method and Hardware synchronous sampling method two kinds.Native system adopts Hardware synchronous sampling.
Hardware synchronous sampling method is to be produced to be synchronized with the sampling pulse of measured signal by special hardware circuit.A kind of circuit utilizing phase-locked loop frequency following principle to realize synchronous equal gap sampling, Fractional-N frequency device is added in the phaselocked loop that phase comparator PD, low pass filter LP, voltage controlled oscillator VCO are constituted, input fi is the frequency of measured signal, as the reference frequency of phaselocked loop, output fo is sample frequency.Fo after Fractional-N frequency compared with fi, according to phase-locked loop operation principle, fo/N=fi during locking, i.e. fo=Nfi.Due to the real-time tracking of phaselocked loop, when measured signal frequency fi changes, circuit automatically can quickly be followed the tracks of and lock, and meets the relation of fo=Nfi all the time, and namely sample frequency is the integer (N) times of measured signal frequency.Remove to control sampling/keeper with this output, and start A/D conversion, N number of sampled point thus can be made to be evenly distributed in a complete cycle ripple of tested power network signal, eliminate synchronous error, it is achieved that without the synchronized sampling of phase contrast.During phaselocked loop PGC demodulation, voltage controlled oscillator VCO can input the frequency change of signal within the specific limits from motion tracking, also ensures that the synchronized sampling of data when frequency has distortion, it is ensured that certainty of measurement.
The current and voltage signals of primary side and secondary side is sampled by basic functional principle: DSP respectively, the data of one secondary side are analyzed and calculate by SP, then secondary side data are by GPRS transmission to ARM, are transmitted further to LCD or PC computer afterwards, thus displaying and the function such as printing.Data acquisition adopts Hardware synchronous sampling, such software algorithm relative simplicity, it also avoid the precision and linear loss that adopt computed in software to bring；Simultaneously add stability and reliability because decreasing conversion links and adjustment link.
Analog circuit adopts high-precision transformer, and amplifier device constitutes preposition amplifying element, it is ensured that the pickup to small-signal；And selected High Performance ADC device AD7865, this ADC device precision is high, can ensure the accuracy to phase place, amplitude measurement smoothly.
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, test meaning representated by each binding post of device:
Ia.Ib.Ic: this interface is mainly used in secondary side and measures 0.1mA-1A small current measurement；
IA.IB.IC: this interface is mainly used in primary side and measures 10mA-10A current measurement；
UA.UB.UC.N: three road primary side voltage signal interfaces；
Ua.Ub.Uc.N: three road secondary side voltage signal interfaces；
S: reservation state input port；
COMM: data transmission interface；
POWER: power supply side mouth；
What other did not display also has:
Regulation Control: motor drive module.
Communication port: can send measurement result to computer, makes error information for computer and processes or pass to and show result on liquid crystal display.
The concrete software flow pattern of tester as shown in Figure 4, when examining and determine transformer, voltage transformer wiring diagram as shown in Figure 6, result direct digital display during measurement, and mix RSC232 interface for user, be connected with computer easily；Measure the test result in tested loop at any time.
The technical parameter of tester:
1, Parameter Conditions
(a) ambient temperature: (-10～45) DEG C < ± 50ppm
(b) ambient humidity: (45～75) %RH
(c) tested current carrying conductor position in jaw: placed in the middle
(d) outer reference frequency interference of electromagnetic field: should avoid
(e) frequency influence: signal is in 45Hz ~ 65Hz scope < ± 0.04%
(e) GPRS Information barrier-free transfer rate: 115200bit/s；
(e) phase measurement: 0.0-360.0 degree
(e) complete machine accuracy: 0.5 grade
E () temperature affects: at-10 DEG C～+40 DEG C scope < ± 50ppm
2, elementary error
Under nominal working conditions, each measured nominal operation limit of error is less than the twice of the corresponding elementary error limit.
Claims (1)
1. transformer station's AC current-voltage secondary circuit Smart Verify system, is characterized in that, including hardware components and software section；Hardware components connects dsp chip, TFTLCD display module, 4 × 4 matrix keyboards, digital dock calendar chip, PC interface, Regulation Control module respectively with ARM embedded controller for core；Wherein, dsp chip is connected with the AD7865 of sampling primary circuit voltage and current, and AD7865 is connected with the input of primary circuit forcipated mutual-inductor current sample and voltage sample input respectively；ARM embedded controller is connected also by the AD7865 of GPRS communication module with sampling secondary circuit voltage and electric current, and the AD7865 of sampling secondary circuit voltage and electric current is connected with the input of secondary circuit forcipated mutual-inductor current sample and voltage sample input respectively；Regulation Control module is also connected with DC/DC power module；DC/DC power module is connected with AC/DC switch power module again；
Software section includes Regulation Control PID arithmetic, GPRS communication processing section and DSP synchronous sampling algorithm part, and described three partial software all adopt ARM+DSP software design unit to complete；
Wherein, GPRS selects GTM900-C wireless module, and Regulation Control has and automatically and manually controls two ways.
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| CN102749549A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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