CN104764899A - Explosive detonation velocity test method - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种炸药爆速测试方法，它利用发爆模块、时间测定模块、信号转换装置、起爆元件、传爆帽、导爆管精确测量炸药爆速。其特征在于：发爆模块、时间测定模块、信号转换装置依次相连，发爆模块同时起爆第一根、第二根导爆管，其中第二根导爆管、第三根导爆管之间通过起爆元件、传爆帽连接待测炸药卷；时间测定模块记录时间，根据炸药药卷长度和时间差，即可求出炸药爆速。本发明的一种炸药爆速测试方法的优点和积极效果在于：操作简便、测量精度高，可用于施工现场测量炸药的爆速，弥补现有方法的不足。A method for testing the detonation velocity of explosives, which uses a detonation module, a time measurement module, a signal conversion device, an initiating element, a detonation cap and a nonel tube to accurately measure the detonation velocity of explosives. It is characterized in that: the detonation module, the time measurement module, and the signal conversion device are connected in sequence, and the detonation module detonates the first and second detonators at the same time, and the gap between the second detonator and the third detonator is The explosive coil to be tested is connected through the detonating element and the detonation transfer cap; the time measurement module records the time, and the detonation velocity of the explosive can be calculated according to the length of the explosive coil and the time difference. The advantages and positive effects of the method for testing the detonation velocity of explosives of the present invention are: easy operation and high measurement accuracy, and can be used to measure the detonation velocity of explosives at the construction site to make up for the shortcomings of the existing methods.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种新的测试方法，特别涉及一种炸药爆速测试方法。The invention relates to a new test method, in particular to a test method for explosive detonation velocity.
背景技术Background technique
为满足社会生产和居民生活需求，我国现阶段正处于基础设施建设的大发展阶段，工业炸药已在各施工建设单位被广泛使用。炸药爆速施工现场的精确测量问题亟待解决。In order to meet the needs of social production and residents' life, our country is currently in the stage of great development of infrastructure construction, and industrial explosives have been widely used in various construction units. The problem of accurate measurement of explosive detonation velocity at the construction site needs to be solved urgently.
目前，民爆行业对工业炸药爆速的测定方法，主要有高速摄影法，连续示波器法，测试仪法(电测法)，道特里施法(导爆索法)，和施工现场常用的导爆管法。At present, the determination methods for the detonation velocity of industrial explosives in the civil explosive industry mainly include high-speed photography, continuous oscilloscope method, tester method (electrical measurement method), Dawtry method (detonating cord method), and detonation method commonly used in construction sites. management method.
高速摄影法和连续示波器法精度高，但设备昂贵，多用于实验室爆速测定，不具备经济实用性。The high-speed photography method and the continuous oscilloscope method have high precision, but the equipment is expensive, and they are mostly used in laboratory detonation velocity determination, which is not economical and practical.
电测法精度高，但操作繁琐，不适合施工现场使用。The electrical measurement method has high precision, but the operation is cumbersome, and it is not suitable for use on the construction site.
导爆索法需要一块厚3-5mm,宽40mm,长400mm的铅板，不具现场可操作性，且铅板可能被炸飞，导致试验失败，甚至伤人事件的发生。The detonating cord method requires a lead plate with a thickness of 3-5mm, a width of 40mm, and a length of 400mm, which is not operable on site, and the lead plate may be blown away, resulting in test failure or even injury.
导爆管法测炸药爆速，方法简单，现场可操作性强，但受装药、生产工艺等因素影响，导爆管爆速不可能恒等于标准导爆管爆速1800m/s，所测得的爆速误差约10％，测量精度不高。The nonel method to measure the detonation velocity of explosives is simple and highly operable on site. However, due to factors such as charge and production technology, the detonation velocity of the detonator cannot be equal to the standard detonation velocity of 1800m/s. The measured detonation velocity The error is about 10%, and the measurement accuracy is not high.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决现有炸药爆速测试方法存在的上述问题，本发明提供一种可用于施工现场、操作简便的炸药爆速测量方法，其不但可用于常规状态炸药爆速测定，而且能够实现炸药在炮孔内爆轰时测量炸药爆速，为爆破工程的实施提供参考。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing explosive detonation velocity testing method, the present invention provides an explosive detonation velocity measurement method that can be used on the construction site and is easy to operate. The detonation velocity of explosives is measured during bombing, which provides reference for the implementation of blasting engineering.
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案予以实现的，一种炸药爆速测试方法，其特征在于它包括以下装置及步骤：The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a method for testing the detonation velocity of explosives, which is characterized in that it comprises the following devices and steps:
发爆模块，时间测定模块，信号转换装置，起爆元件，传爆帽，导爆管；所述发爆模块，包括：电池，电容，发爆端，指示灯，开关；所述信号转换装置包括接收端；所述导爆管设三根：第一根导爆管、第二根导爆管、第三根导爆管。The detonation module, the time measurement module, the signal conversion device, the detonation element, the detonation cap, the nonel; the detonation module includes: battery, capacitor, detonation end, indicator light, switch; the signal conversion device includes The receiving end: there are three detonating tubes: the first detonating tube, the second detonating tube, and the third detonating tube.
1.发爆模块，时间测定模块和信号转换装置依次相连；1. The explosion module, the time measurement module and the signal conversion device are connected in sequence;
2.第二根导爆管与第三根导爆管长度之和等于第一根导爆管长度；第一根导爆管一端连接发爆模块的发爆端，另一端通过接收端连接信号转换装置，与装置形成环状回路；第二根导爆管一端连接发爆模块的发爆端，另一端连接起爆元件；第三根导爆管一端连接传爆帽，另一端通过接收端连接信号转换装置；2. The sum of the length of the second nonel and the third nonel is equal to the length of the first nonel; one end of the first nonel is connected to the detonating end of the detonating module, and the other end is connected to the signal through the receiving end The conversion device forms a circular loop with the device; one end of the second detonating tube is connected to the detonating end of the detonating module, and the other end is connected to the detonating element; one end of the third detonating tube is connected to the detonating cap, and the other end is connected to the receiving end. signal conversion device;
3.测量待测炸药药卷的长度，精确到10-3m；3. Measure the length of the explosive roll to be tested, accurate to 10 -3 m;
4.将待测炸药药卷一端与起爆元件连接，另一端与传爆帽连接，使第二根导爆管，起爆元件、炸药药卷、传爆帽、第三根导爆管与装置形成环状回路；4. Connect one end of the explosive roll to be tested with the detonating element, and the other end with the detonating cap, so that the second detonating tube, the detonating element, the explosive powder roll, the detonating cap, the third detonating tube and the device form a ring loop;
5.控制炸药爆速测试装置，使发爆端放电，同时起爆第一根导爆管、第二根导爆管；该电信号同时激发时间测定模块开始计时；第一根导爆管中，爆轰波通过接收端传到信号转换装置上，信号转换装置将爆轰波信号转换为电信号，电信号激发时间测定模块记录时间间隔一；第二根导爆管被起爆后，爆轰波沿导爆管传播至起爆元件，引爆起爆元件中的猛炸药，释放出的能量引爆被测炸药，炸药产生的爆轰波传递到传爆帽中心连接的第三根导爆管中，使爆轰波继续沿着第三根导爆管通过接收端传播至信号转换装置上，电信号再次激发时间测定模块记录时间间隔二；5. Control the explosive detonation velocity testing device, so that the detonating end discharges, and detonates the first nonel and the second nonel at the same time; the electrical signal simultaneously stimulates the time measurement module to start timing; in the first nonel, the detonator The detonation wave is transmitted to the signal conversion device through the receiving end, and the signal conversion device converts the detonation wave signal into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal excitation time measurement module records the time interval one; after the second nonel is detonated, the detonation wave along the The detonating tube propagates to the detonating element, detonates the high explosive in the detonating element, and the released energy detonates the tested explosive, and the detonation wave generated by the explosive is transmitted to the third nonel connected to the center of the detonating cap, causing the detonation The wave continues to propagate along the third detonating tube to the signal conversion device through the receiving end, and the electric signal re-excites the time measurement module to record the time interval two;
6.时间测定模块读取时间间隔一、时间间隔二；6. The time measurement module reads time interval 1 and time interval 2;
7.计算炸药爆速的公式为：其中，V为炸药爆速，L为步骤3中被测炸药药卷长度，t1为时间间隔一，t2时间间隔二。7. The formula for calculating the detonation velocity of explosives is: Among them, V is the detonation velocity of the explosive, L is the length of the measured explosive roll in step 3, t 1 is the time interval one, and t 2 is the time interval two.
一种炸药爆速测试方法，其特征在于：A method for testing the detonation velocity of explosives, characterized in that:
所述第一根导爆管、第二根导爆管、第三根导爆管为同一批次产品，以保证导爆管性能一致；所述起爆元件采用中间开孔的突出棒状的帽形结构，突出棒状中间开孔内径等于导爆管外径，帽形外沿内径等于炸药药卷外径，内装高爆轰感度、低机械感度、低热感度的猛炸药，如钝化TATB，其爆炸时间极短，可以忽略；所述的传爆帽，采用中间开孔的突出棒状的帽形结构，突出棒状中间开孔内径等于导爆管外径，帽形外沿内径等于炸药药卷外径。The first detonator, the second detonator, and the third detonator are products of the same batch to ensure that the performance of the detonators is consistent; Structure, the inner diameter of the protruding rod-shaped middle opening is equal to the outer diameter of the nonel tube, and the inner diameter of the cap-shaped outer edge is equal to the outer diameter of the explosive roll. It is equipped with a strong explosive with high detonation sensitivity, low mechanical sensitivity, and low thermal sensitivity, such as passivated TATB. The time is extremely short and can be ignored; the detonation transfer cap adopts a protruding rod-shaped cap-shaped structure with a middle opening, the inner diameter of the protruding rod-shaped middle opening is equal to the outer diameter of the nonel, and the inner diameter of the outer edge of the cap is equal to the outer diameter of the explosive roll .
所述发爆模块，启动发爆模块，电池给电容充电，待电容充满电后，指示灯亮起，触发开关，电容通过发爆端放电，同时起爆第一根导爆管、第二根导爆管。The detonating module starts the detonating module, and the battery charges the capacitor. After the capacitor is fully charged, the indicator light lights up, the switch is triggered, the capacitor discharges through the detonating end, and the first detonating tube and the second detonating tube are simultaneously detonated. Tube.
所述信号转换装置有三种设计方案，方案一采用压电材料，可将导爆管内爆轰波压力信号转换成电信号；方案二采用电容式压变结构，也是将导爆管内爆轰波的压力信号转换成电信号，从而触发时间测定模块；方案三采用光电二极管，将导爆管内爆轰波传递过程产生的光信号转换成电信号。The signal conversion device has three design schemes. Scheme 1 uses piezoelectric materials to convert the pressure signal of the detonation wave in the nonel into an electrical signal; scheme 2 adopts a capacitive pressure change structure, which also converts the pressure signal of the detonation wave in the nonel The pressure signal is converted into an electrical signal, thereby triggering the time measurement module; the third scheme uses a photodiode to convert the optical signal generated by the detonation wave transmission process in the nonel tube into an electrical signal.
所述时间测定模块，采用精度为毫秒级以上的计时装置，为已知技术，在此不再赘述。The time measuring module adopts a timing device with an accuracy above the millisecond level, which is a known technology and will not be repeated here.
本发明一种炸药爆速测试方法的优点和积极效果在于：操作简便、测量精度高，误差不大于2％，成本低廉。可用于施工现场测量炸药的爆速，弥补现有方法的不足，其不但可用于常规状态炸药爆速测定，而且能够实现炸药在炮孔内爆轰时测量炸药爆速，为爆破工程的实施提供参考。The advantages and positive effects of the explosive detonation velocity testing method of the present invention are: easy operation, high measurement accuracy, error not greater than 2%, and low cost. It can be used to measure the detonation velocity of explosives on the construction site and make up for the shortcomings of existing methods. It can not only be used to measure the detonation velocity of explosives in conventional states, but also can measure the detonation velocity of explosives when the explosives detonate in the blast hole, providing reference for the implementation of blasting engineering.
下面结合实施例详细描述本发明提供的一种炸药爆速测试方法的技术方案。The technical scheme of an explosive detonation velocity testing method provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the examples.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明提供的一种炸药爆速测试方法，它利用的装置有：发爆模块，时间测定模块，信号转换装置，起爆元件，传爆帽，导爆管；所述发爆模块，包括：电池，电容，发爆端，指示灯，开关；所述信号转换装置包括接收端。A kind of explosive detonation velocity testing method provided by the present invention, the device that it utilizes has: detonation module, time measurement module, signal conversion device, detonation element, detonation transfer cap, nonel; Described detonation module comprises: battery, A capacitor, an explosive end, an indicator light, and a switch; the signal conversion device includes a receiving end.
本发明包括以下步骤：The present invention comprises the following steps:
1.发爆模块，时间测定模块和信号转换装置依次相连；1. The explosion module, the time measurement module and the signal conversion device are connected in sequence;
2.导爆管设三根，第二根导爆管与第三根导爆管长度之和等于第一根导爆管长度；第一根导爆管一端连接发爆模块的发爆端，另一端通过接收端连接信号转换装置，与装置形成环状回路；第二根导爆管一端连接发爆模块的发爆端，另一端连接起爆元件；第三根导爆管一端连接传爆帽，另一端通过接收端连接信号转换装置；2. There are three detonating tubes, the sum of the length of the second detonating tube and the third detonating tube is equal to the length of the first detonating tube; one end of the first detonating tube is connected to the detonating end of the detonating module, and the other One end is connected to the signal conversion device through the receiving end to form a circular loop with the device; one end of the second detonating tube is connected to the detonating end of the detonating module, and the other end is connected to the detonating element; one end of the third detonating tube is connected to the detonating cap. The other end is connected to the signal conversion device through the receiving end;
3.测量待测炸药药卷的长度，精确到10-3m；3. Measure the length of the explosive roll to be tested, accurate to 10 -3 m;
4.将待测炸药药卷一端与起爆元件连接，另一端与传爆帽连接，使第二根导爆管，起爆元件、炸药药卷、传爆帽、第三根导爆管与装置形成环状回路；4. Connect one end of the explosive roll to be tested with the detonating element, and the other end with the detonating cap, so that the second detonating tube, the detonating element, the explosive powder roll, the detonating cap, the third detonating tube and the device form a ring loop;
5.控制炸药爆速测试装置，使发爆端放电，同时起爆第一根导爆管、第二根导爆管；该电信号同时激发时间测定模块开始计时；第一根导爆管中，爆轰波通过接收端传到信号转换装置上，信号转换装置将爆轰波信号转换为电信号，电信号激发时间测定模块记录时间间隔一；第二根导爆管被起爆后，爆轰波沿导爆管传播至起爆元件，引爆起爆元件中的猛炸药，释放出的能量引爆被测炸药，炸药产生的爆轰波传递到传爆帽中心连接的第三根导爆管中，使爆轰波继续沿着第三根导爆管通过接收端传播至信号转换装置上，电信号再次激发时间测定模块记录时间间隔二；5. Control the explosive detonation velocity testing device, so that the detonating end discharges, and detonates the first nonel and the second nonel at the same time; the electrical signal simultaneously stimulates the time measurement module to start timing; in the first nonel, the detonator The detonation wave is transmitted to the signal conversion device through the receiving end, and the signal conversion device converts the detonation wave signal into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal excitation time measurement module records the time interval one; after the second nonel is detonated, the detonation wave along the The detonating tube propagates to the detonating element, detonates the high explosive in the detonating element, and the released energy detonates the tested explosive, and the detonation wave generated by the explosive is transmitted to the third nonel connected to the center of the detonating cap, causing the detonation The wave continues to propagate along the third detonating tube to the signal conversion device through the receiving end, and the electric signal re-excites the time measurement module to record the time interval two;
6.时间测定模块读取时间间隔一、时间间隔二；6. The time measurement module reads time interval 1 and time interval 2;
7.计算炸药爆速的公式为：其中，V为炸药爆速，L为步骤3中被测炸药药卷长度，t1为时间间隔一，t2时间间隔二。7. The formula for calculating the detonation velocity of explosives is: Among them, V is the detonation velocity of the explosive, L is the length of the measured explosive roll in step 3, t 1 is the time interval one, and t 2 is the time interval two.
所述第一根导爆管、第二根导爆管、第三根导爆管为同一批次产品；所述起爆元件内装1克40％钝化的TATB，其爆炸时间极短，可以忽略；所述信号转换装置采用光电二极管，将导爆管内爆轰波传递过程产生的光信号转换成电信号；所述时间测定模块，采用精度为毫秒级计时装置。The first detonating tube, the second detonating tube, and the third detonating tube are the same batch of products; the detonating element is equipped with 1 gram of 40% passivated TATB, and its detonation time is extremely short and can be ignored. The signal conversion device adopts a photodiode to convert the optical signal generated by the detonation wave transmission process in the nonel into an electrical signal; the time measurement module adopts a timing device with an accuracy of milliseconds.
上面所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的构思和范围进行限定。在不脱离本发明技术设计构思的精神实质和原理的前提下，本领域普通人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变型和改进，均应落入到本发明的保护范围，本发明请求保护的技术内容，已经全部记载在权利要求书中。The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Under the premise of not departing from the spirit and principle of the technical design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made by ordinary persons in the art to the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the present invention claims protection The technical contents are all described in the claims.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510128656.6A CN104764899B (en) | 2015-03-23 | 2015-03-23 | A kind of explosion velocity of explosive method of testing |
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| CN105652029A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-06-08 | 安徽理工大学 | Explosive explosion speed test system and method thereof |
| CN106645628A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-05-10 | 葛洲坝易普力四川爆破工程有限公司 | Auxiliary device for testing explosive velocity of explosive |
| CN107449933A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-12-08 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | A kind of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive explosion velocity measure device and the method using device measure explosion velocity |
| CN108871118A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-23 | 湖北三江航天红林探控有限公司 | A kind of explosion velocity of explosive multipoint acquisition system and its application method |
| CN108956932A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-07 | 宏大爆破有限公司 | A kind of continuous measurement explosion velocity device and method |
| CN110058039A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-26 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of detonator explosion velocity measurement method based on digital picture correlation |
| CN112557620A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-26 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for testing work done by explosion of electronic detonator |
| CN115468462A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-13 | 南京理工大学 | Detonation velocity measuring method for small-size explosive based on thick-wall round pipe |
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| CN105652029A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-06-08 | 安徽理工大学 | Explosive explosion speed test system and method thereof |
| CN105652029B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-11-06 | 安徽理工大学 | Explosive charge speed testing system and method |
| CN106645628A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-05-10 | 葛洲坝易普力四川爆破工程有限公司 | Auxiliary device for testing explosive velocity of explosive |
| CN107449933A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-12-08 | 安徽雷鸣科化股份有限公司 | A kind of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive explosion velocity measure device and the method using device measure explosion velocity |
| CN108956932A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-07 | 宏大爆破有限公司 | A kind of continuous measurement explosion velocity device and method |
| CN108871118A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-23 | 湖北三江航天红林探控有限公司 | A kind of explosion velocity of explosive multipoint acquisition system and its application method |
| CN110058039A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-26 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of detonator explosion velocity measurement method based on digital picture correlation |
| CN112557620A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-26 | 安徽理工大学 | Method for testing work done by explosion of electronic detonator |
| CN115468462A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-12-13 | 南京理工大学 | Detonation velocity measuring method for small-size explosive based on thick-wall round pipe |
| CN115468462B (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-06-27 | 南京理工大学 | Explosion velocity measuring method for small-size charge based on thick-wall round tube |
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