CN104761855A - 一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104761855A
CN104761855A CN201510142598.2A CN201510142598A CN104761855A CN 104761855 A CN104761855 A CN 104761855A CN 201510142598 A CN201510142598 A CN 201510142598A CN 104761855 A CN104761855 A CN 104761855A
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俞晓华
王值铭
余淼
王值霞
陈期斌
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：碳纳米管13-15、氧化铝4.5-6、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯0.02-0.03、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.9-1.2、丙烯酸丁酯12-14、PVC树脂粉67-70、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体7-9、硅藻土9-12、高速润滑油2-3、偏苯三酸三辛酯9-11、吗啉1-2、季戊四醇3-4、助剂7-9；本发明首先通过特殊工艺制成碳纳米管基聚合物母料将其添加到聚氯乙烯中，然后添加热塑性聚氨酯弹性体，配合助剂的添加，制成的电缆料克服了存在的问题，具有良好的可加工性、耐磨性、柔韧性，不易开裂，使用寿命长。

Description

一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆材料领域，特别是一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料及其制备方法。
背景技术
碳纳米管是目前可制备出的具有最高比强度的材料。若将以其他工程材料为基体与碳纳米管制成复合材料，可使复合材料表现出良好的强度、弹性、抗疲劳性及各向同性，给复合材料的性能带来极大的改善；碳纳米管的硬度与金刚石相当，却拥有良好的柔韧性，可以拉伸。
现有的普通PVC类电缆护套材料普遍存在收缩率大，表面硬度不足，容易产生磨损，柔韧性差，容易开裂等问题。本发明针对聚氯乙烯存在的问题，添加多重物质对其进行改性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料及其制备方法。
为了实现本发明的目的，本发明通过以下方案实施：
一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料，由下列重量份的原料制成：碳纳米管13-15、氧化铝4.5-6、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯0.02-0.03、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.9-1.2、丙烯酸丁酯12-14、PVC树脂粉67-70、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体7-9、硅藻土9-12、高速润滑油2-3、偏苯三酸三辛酯9-11、吗啉1-2、季戊四醇3-4、助剂7-9；
所述的助剂包含以下重量份的原料：聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯5-7、碳酸钙3-4、木粉4-6、堇青石粉2-3、石蜡油6-8、钙锌稳定剂C8-309 2-3、电木粉4.5-6、吗啉1-2、邻羟基肉桂酸1-2、米糠蜡2-3、衣康酸单丁酯4-6；制备方法是将碳酸钙、木粉、堇青石粉放入石蜡油中研磨2-3小时制成混合物；然后将聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯、米糠蜡、衣康酸单丁酯混合，控制温度在70℃-80℃搅拌反应60-90分钟，再加入其余剩余成分，降温至40℃-50℃，反应2-3小时，最后加入混合物，升温至80℃-100℃，搅拌反应20-30分钟即得。
本发明所述一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料，由以下具体步骤制成：
(1)将过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、丙烯酸丁酯混合，放在85℃-90℃的水浴中边搅拌边加热，直到具有一定粘性时停止加热，冷却至室温，加入碳纳米管、氧化铝，搅拌均匀，然后控制温度在45℃-65℃，保持3-4小时，然后继续升温至90℃-100℃，保温90-120分钟得到碳纳米管聚合物母料A；
(2)将PVC树脂粉、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体加热至熔融，然后加入除助剂之外的其余剩余成分混合均匀，搅拌10-12分钟，送入双螺杆挤出机上挤出造粒，得到B料；
(3)将A料、B料、助剂加入到高混机中，温度控制位120℃-125℃混合5-8分钟，然后通过双螺杆挤出机造粒，冷却干燥即得本发明电缆料。
本发明的优异效果是：本发明首先通过特殊工艺制成碳纳米管基聚合物母料将其添加到聚氯乙烯中，然后添加热塑性聚氨酯弹性体，配合助剂的添加，制成的电缆料克服了存在的问题，具有良好的可加工性、耐磨性、柔韧性，不易开裂，使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实例对本发明进行详细说明。
一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料，由下列重量份(公斤)的原料制成：碳纳米管13、氧化铝4.5、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯0.02、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.9、丙烯酸丁酯12、PVC树脂粉67、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体7、硅藻土9、高速润滑油2、偏苯三酸三辛酯9、吗啉1、季戊四醇3、助剂7；
所述的助剂包含以下重量份(公斤)的原料：聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯5、碳酸钙3、木粉4、堇青石粉2、石蜡油6、钙锌稳定剂C8-309 2、电木粉4.5、吗啉1、邻羟基肉桂酸1、米糠蜡2、衣康酸单丁酯4；制备方法是将碳酸钙、木粉、堇青石粉放入石蜡油中研磨2-3小时制成混合物；然后将聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯、米糠蜡、衣康酸单丁酯混合，控制温度在70℃-80℃搅拌反应60-90分钟，再加入其余剩余成分，降温至40℃-50℃，反应2-3小时，最后加入混合物，升温至80℃-100℃，搅拌反应20-30分钟即得。
本发明所述一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料，由以下具体步骤制成：
(1)将过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、丙烯酸丁酯混合，放在85℃-90℃的水浴中边搅拌边加热，直到具有一定粘性时停止加热，冷却至室温，加入碳纳米管、氧化铝，搅拌均匀，然后控制温度在45℃-65℃，保持3-4小时，然后继续升温至90℃-100℃，保温90-120分钟得到碳纳米管聚合物母料A；
(2)将PVC树脂粉、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体加热至熔融，然后加入除助剂之外的其余剩余成分混合均匀，搅拌10-12分钟，送入双螺杆挤出机上挤出造粒，得到B料；
(3)将A料、B料、助剂加入到高混机中，温度控制位120℃-125℃混合5-8分钟，然后通过双螺杆挤出机造粒，冷却干燥即得本发明电缆料。
通过与普通聚氯乙烯电缆料的性能做对比，可以看出本发明电缆料优于普通聚氯乙烯电缆料的性能，值得推广。
性能指标 普通聚氯乙烯电缆料 本发明电缆料
抗张强度 〉10MPa 〉18MPa
老化后抗张强度(158℃，168h) 〉6.5MPa 〉12.5MPa
伸长率 〉100％ 〉387％
老化后伸长率(158℃，168h) 〉70％ 〉250％
氧指数 ≥26％ ≥28％
20℃时表面电阻(Ω) 5.0×1012 7.16×108
冷弯 -10±2℃，4h，不开裂 -20±2℃，4h，不开裂

Claims (2)

1.一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料，其特征在于，由下列重量份的原料制成：碳纳米管13-15、氧化铝4.5-6、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯0.02-0.03、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.9-1.2、丙烯酸丁酯12-14、PVC树脂粉67-70、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体7-9、硅藻土9-12、高速润滑油2-3、偏苯三酸三辛酯9-11、吗啉1-2、季戊四醇3-4、助剂7-9；
所述的助剂包含以下重量份的原料：聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯5-7、碳酸钙3-4、木粉4-6、堇青石粉2-3、石蜡油6-8、钙锌稳定剂 C8-309 2-3、电木粉4.5-6、吗啉1-2、邻羟基肉桂酸1-2、米糠蜡2-3、衣康酸单丁酯4-6；制备方法是将碳酸钙、木粉、堇青石粉放入石蜡油中研磨2-3小时制成混合物；然后将聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯、米糠蜡、衣康酸单丁酯混合，控制温度在70℃-80℃搅拌反应60-90分钟，再加入其余剩余成分，降温至40℃-50℃，反应2-3小时，最后加入混合物，升温至80℃-100℃，搅拌反应20-30分钟即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种多重改性的聚氯乙烯电缆料，其特征在于，由以下具体步骤制成：
（1）将过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、丙烯酸丁酯混合，放在85℃-90℃的水浴中边搅拌边加热，直到具有一定粘性时停止加热，冷却至室温，加入碳纳米管、氧化铝，搅拌均匀，然后控制温度在45℃-65℃，保持3-4小时，然后继续升温至90℃-100℃，保温90-120分钟得到碳纳米管聚合物母料A；
（2）将PVC树脂粉、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体加热至熔融，然后加入除助剂之外的其余剩余成分混合均匀，搅拌10-12分钟，送入双螺杆挤出机上挤出造粒，得到B料；
（3）将A料、B料、助剂加入到高混机中，温度控制位120℃-125℃混合5-8分钟，然后通过双螺杆挤出机造粒，冷却干燥即得本发明电缆料。
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