CN104761014A - A seawater desalination device - Google Patents
A seawater desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104761014A CN104761014A CN201510129204.XA CN201510129204A CN104761014A CN 104761014 A CN104761014 A CN 104761014A CN 201510129204 A CN201510129204 A CN 201510129204A CN 104761014 A CN104761014 A CN 104761014A
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- water
- heat exchanger
- strong brine
- exchanger plates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
A seawater desalination device is disclosed. The seawater desalination device comprises a pedestal, a heat exchange plate, solar energy incidence glass, a vacuum unit and a seawater feeding pipeline. The pedestal is provided with an inclined surface. The edge of the inclined surface is provided with a protruded pedestal edge. The solar energy incidence glass is disposed above the inclined surface and the solar energy incidence glass and the pedestal edge are sealed, so that a sealed space is formed between the inclined surface and the solar energy incidence glass. The heat exchange plate is disposed between the solar energy incidence glass and the inclined surface. The lower end and two sides of the heat exchange plate and the pedestal edge are sealed. The upper end of the heat exchange plate is at a fixed distance from the pedestal edge. The lower end of the inclined surface is provided with a bleeding port. The vacuum unit is connected to the bleeding port to extract air in the sealed space. The seawater feeding pipeline is at the lower end of the inclined surface and is connected to a plurality of water diversion pipelines. Water outlets of the water diversion pipelines face towards the upper side of the lower end of the heat exchange plate. Seawater desalination is achieved by utilization of solar energy and by adopting a low-temperature low-pressure boiling manner. The water making cost can be lower than 1 yuan/ton.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of sea water desalting technology, particularly relate to a kind of a kind of sea water desalinating plant taking sun power as resource and carry out that low-pressure low-temperature boiling produces desalination distilled water.
Background technology
China is the country of a water resources critical shortage, and water resources ownership per capita is 2840 cubic metres, only has 1/4 of world average level.Current water shortage coverage rate is almost throughout the whole nation, and especially northern area water shortage problem is quite serious, and water shortage has become a needs problems faced of puzzlement industrial enterprise prodution and development.
Sea water desaltination is the effective technique means solving water shortage problem.Desalination technology refers to acquisition seawater, by removing most of salt in seawater, makes the seawater after process reach a kind of water technology of life and water of productive use standard.Existing desalination technology kind is a lot, but can reach commercial-scale and send out and distillation method primarily of reverse osmosis, and namely usually said " embrane method " and " hot method ", distillation method is divided into again multistage flash evaporation, multi-effect distilling and pressure steam distillation three kinds.
Reverse osmosis method is with fastest developing speed over nearly 20 years in desalination technology, be large-scale, medium-sized or undersize item all applicable, water production rate adjustable extent is wide; But reverse osmosis method requires that water quality is very high, water quality pre-processing device and medicament drop into many, and cost is high, and cost of equipment maintenance is high.
Multistage flash evaporation holds pride of place in current world's sea water desaltination ultimate production, and technology maturation, security be high, it is large to run elasticity, is applicable to large-scale or ultra-large type project; Multi-effect distilling is according to the height of service temperature, and top temperature is at 65 °-70 °, and belonging to low temperature multiple-effect distillation, is current competitive hot method desalination technology; Pressure steam distillation re-uses after referring to and utilizing electricity or steam to carry out adiabatic compression to secondary steam, and energy consumption is lower, but scale is generally little, multidigit daily output kiloton.But the heat exchange efficiency of above-mentioned distillation method is not high, and thermal source cost is high.
Usually, in distillation sea water desalting system, seawater concentration rate is 2 times, and in reverse osmosis method seawater desalination system, seawater concentration rate is 1.4 times; According to water mixing in a day 1.5 ten thousand tons calculating, the cost of above-mentioned four kinds of sea water desaltination schemes is as shown in following table one:
Table one
| Consume Project Cost (yuan/ton) | Reverse osmosis | Multi-effect distilling | Multistage flash evaporation | Pressure steam distillation |
| Pharmaceutical chemicals consumes | 0.391 | 0.162 | 0.322 | 0.162 |
| Heating power consumes | 0 | 1.60 | 1.60 | 0.00 |
| Power consumption | 1.71 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 2.4 |
| Human cost | 0.04 | 0.053 | 0.053 | 0.053 |
| Maintenance cost | 0.23 | 1.03 | 0.46 | 0.572 |
| Overhead charges | 0.008 | 0.01 | 0.011 | 0.011 |
| Equipment replacement expense | 0.923 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Depreciation of fixed assets expense | 0.97 | 1.37 | 1.46 | 1.827 |
| Make water cost | 4.272 | 5.125 | 5.105 | 5.025 |
As can be seen from Table I, above four kinds of desalination technologies make water cost all at about 5 yuan/ton, water cost per ton is higher, is unfavorable for industrialization promotion.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of sea water desalinating plant, solve the technical problem that in existing desalination technology, fresh water cost is high; Adopt sun power, realize sea water desaltination by low-temp low-pressure boiling mode, make water and become instinct to be reduced to less than 1 yuan/ton (not containing depreciation of fixed assets), be applicable to industrial application.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Propose a kind of sea water desalinating plant, comprise pedestal, heat exchanger plates, sun power incident glass, vacuum pump set and seawater suction culvert; Described pedestal has a scarp; Described scarp and edge be extruded with susceptor edges; The incident glass of described sun power is placed in the top on described scarp, and with described susceptor edges encapsulation process, make to form an enclosed space between described scarp and the incident glass of described sun power; Described heat exchanger plates is placed between the incident glass of described sun power and described scarp; And the lower end of described heat exchanger plates and both sides and described susceptor edges realize encapsulation process, the upper end of described heat exchanger plates is separated with fixed range mutually with described susceptor edges; Lower end, described scarp offers bleeding point, and described vacuum pump set connects described bleeding point, for extracting the air in described enclosed space out; Described seawater suction culvert is connected with multiple water-division pipeline, and described seawater suction culvert is placed in the lower end on described scarp, makes the water outlet of described multiple water-division pipeline on the upside of the lower end of described heat exchanger plates.
Further, described device also comprises fresh water wet-pit and strong brine wet-pit; The water port of described fresh water wet-pit is connected to the fresh water outlet mouth being opened in lower end, described scarp; Upper end, described scarp offers strong brine water vent, and described strong brine water vent connects the feed-water end of the strong brine discharge pipe line be placed on the downside of described heat exchanger plates, and the water side of described strong brine discharge pipe line connects the water port of described strong brine wet-pit.
Further, described device also comprises fresh water heat exchanger and strong brine interchanger; Described fresh water heat exchanger and described strong brine interchanger are all placed in described seawater suction culvert; One end of described fresh water heat exchanger connects described fresh water outlet mouth, and the other end connects the water port of described fresh water wet-pit; One end of described strong brine interchanger connects the water side of described strong brine discharge pipe line, and the other end connects the water port of described strong brine wet-pit.
Further, described fresh water heat exchanger and described strong brine interchanger are plate-type heat exchanger; Be provided with in plate-type heat exchanger and ranked first passage and second passage more, described first channel is mutually vertical with described second passage; One end of described first channel connects the water side that described fresh water discharges the mouth of a river or described strong brine discharge pipe line, and the other end of described first channel connects the water port of described fresh water wet-pit or the water port of described strong brine layer of displacement; Described second passage is open circuit.
Further, described pedestal also has a platform, and described platform is connected to the upper end on described scarp; The position of the corresponding described platform of described heat exchanger plates is set to heat exchange platform, and described heat exchange platform is provided with baffle plate; Described strong brine water vent is opened on described heat exchange platform; Described heat exchange platform is separated with fixed range mutually with described susceptor edges.
Further, the upper end on described scarp or the arranged outside of described platform have reflecting glass; Described reflecting glass is connected with swing arm; Described swing arm connects a motor, and described motor drives described swing arm, and described swing arm drives described reflecting glass to rotate.
Further, described heat exchanger plates adopts resistance to 1BAR to make with the waterproof gas impermeable material of the high thermal conductivity coefficient of upward pressure; Blackwash is coated with on the upside of described heat exchanger plates; Hydrophobic material is coated with on the downside of described heat exchanger plates.
Further, described heat exchanger plates has multiple heat conduction rib; The lower end of described heat conduction rib is against on described scarp, and upper end is against the incident glass inner side of described sun power.
Further, described first fixed range is less than described second fixed range.
Further, described scarp is provided with multiple trouble flow strip.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and positively effect are: in the sea water desalinating plant that the present patent application proposes, air in the enclosed space that incident for sun power glass, scarp and susceptor edges surround by vacuum pump set is extracted out, the air pressure in enclosed space is made to become negative pressure, make seawater because pressure reduction is along the upside of seawater suction culvert inflow heat exchanger on the one hand, on the other hand, owing to being negative pressure in enclosed space, the boiling temperature of water is reduced; Along with negative pressure in enclosed space increases, seawater flows through heat exchanger plates from bottom to top, absorbs the temperature rising through the sun power of sun power incident glass and hydraulic pressure declines, seethe with excitement after temperature rises to the boiling point of corresponding sea pressure in flow process; A large amount of water vapors that boiling produces, by the effect that vacuum pump set vacuumizes, the space of fixed range of being separated by from the upper end of heat exchanger plates and susceptor edges enters on the downside of heat exchanger plates; By the charging sea water mitigation risen on the upside of heat exchanger plates, temperature reduces water vapour, then water vapour becomes water droplet at the downside exothermic condensation of heat exchanger plates, and the water droplet collecting condensation is desalination water; The heat distributed after water vapor condensation is delivered in the seawater of upside on the downside of heat exchanger plates, heats further, accelerates the intensification of charging seawater, achieve the recycle of heat to charging seawater; Use the sea water desalinating plant of aforesaid way, negative pressure mode is adopted to reduce the boiling point of seawater, solar source is utilized to coordinate heat exchanger plates to simplify the vaporization of seawater, make use of the recycle of heat simultaneously, make desalting process be simple and easy to implement, water production rate is large, and whole device use only the equipment such as glass, heat exchanger plates and water pump, the cost of average water per ton, less than 1 yuan, realizes producing the low technique effect of water cost.
After reading the detailed description of embodiment of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings, the other features and advantages of the invention will become clearly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the side-view of the sea water desalinating plant that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Fig. 2 is the front view of the seawater suction culvert that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Fig. 3 is the front view of the sea water desalinating plant that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Fig. 4 is the rear view of the sea water desalinating plant that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Fig. 5 is the plate-type heat exchanger structure iron that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Fig. 6 is the side-view of the plate-type heat exchanger that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Fig. 7 is a kind of panel radiator structure iron that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Fig. 8 is another panel radiator structure iron that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Fig. 9 is the side-view of the sea water desalinating plant that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Figure 10 is the plate-type heat-exchange plate A-A face sectional view that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Figure 11 is film/cloth heat exchanger plates A-A face sectional view that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Figure 12 is the sea water desalinating plant vertical view that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Figure 13 is the seawater suction culvert scheme of installation that the embodiment of the present invention proposes;
Figure 14 is support bar and the trouble flow strip structure A-A face sectional view of embodiment of the present invention proposition.
Embodiment
The sea water desalinating plant that the present invention proposes is a low-temperature boiling tower, take sun power as thermal source, with the high pressure resistant vacuum-resistant material of high thermal conductivity coefficient for receiving the heat exchanger plates of sun power, guarantee that Working environment is for low-pressure state with the withstand voltage high transparent glass of height or synthetic glass and concrete pedestal composition enclosed space.Rely on vacuum pump set, such as vacuum pump, charging seawater is drawn onto the top of low-temperature boiling tower, simultaneously stability solar temperature rising is to about 60 °, reach seawater at 0.2BAR(1BAR=0.98665 standard atmospheric pressure) bubble point under pressure, make charging seawater evaporate generation water vapour in a large number, and the heat that water vapour distributes in condensation process is used to heat to charging seawater further, accelerates the explosive evaporatoin of seawater; The water vapour of condensation is collected the seawater being desalination.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the sea water desalinating plant that the embodiment of the present invention proposes comprises pedestal 11, heat exchanger plates 12, sun power incident glass 13, vacuum pump set 14 and seawater suction culvert 15; Pedestal 11 has a scarp 111, and the edge on this scarp is extruded with susceptor edges, and the incident glass 13 of sun power is placed in the top on scarp 111, and with susceptor edges encapsulation process, make to form an enclosed space between scarp 111 and the incident glass 13 of sun power; Heat exchanger plates 12 is placed between the incident glass 13 of sun power and scarp 111, keeps the first fixed range D1, keep the second fixed range D2 with scarp with the incident glass 13 of sun power; And the lower end of heat exchanger plates 12 and both sides and susceptor edges realize encapsulation process, the upper end of heat exchanger plates 12 is separated with fixed range mutually with susceptor edges; Lower end, scarp 111 offers bleeding point 112, and vacuum pump set 14 connects bleeding point 112, for extracting the air in enclosed space out; Be the front view of seawater suction culvert 15 as shown in Figures 2 and 3, seawater suction culvert 15 comprises and is multiplely connected water-division pipeline 151, water-in 152 and water outlet 153(fresh water outlet mouth or strong brine water outlet with suction culvert main body), seawater suction culvert 15 is placed in the lower end on scarp 111, makes the water outlet of multiple water-division pipeline 151 on the upside of the lower end of heat exchanger plates 12.
During work, run vacuum pump set 14, enclosed space is evacuated, negative pressure makes seawater be entered between heat exchanger plates 12 and the incident glass 13 of sun power from the water-in of seawater suction culvert 15 by the water outlet of multiple water-division pipeline 151, and to flow to the upper end of heat exchanger plates 12 from the lower end of heat exchanger plates 12 along with the increase of negative pressure; Sunlight introduced by the incident glass 13 of sun power, and heat exchanger plates 12 absorbs sunlight and heats up, thus heating is from the lower end of heat exchanger plates 12 to charging seawater flow in the upper end of heat exchanger plates 12, and the simultaneous temperature that charging seawater goes up continues rising; Owing to being evacuated in enclosed space, make the boiling point lowering of seawater, when reaching boiling temperature when the temperature of charging seawater is increased to about 60 °, charging boiling sea water produces a large amount of water vapour, because of the continued running of vacuum pump set 14, water vapour is separated with the gap H1 of fixed range mutually by its upper end and susceptor edges from the space, upside of heat exchanger plates 12, go downwards to the lower side space of heat exchanger plates 12, become at the downside exothermic condensation of heat exchanger plates the bottom that the globule flows to scarp; The globule collecting condensation is the seawater of desalination; Non-condensable gases is extracted out by vacuum pump set 14, and upside is passed in the heat release of water of condensation from the downside of heat exchanger plates 12, can play the effect of heating further, accelerate the explosive evaporatoin of charging seawater to charging seawater.
In the sea water desalinating plant that the invention described above embodiment proposes, air in the enclosed space that incident for sun power glass 13, scarp 111 and susceptor edges surround by vacuum pump set 14 is extracted out, make in enclosed space in negative pressure, negative pressure makes seawater because pressure reduction is along the space, upside of seawater suction culvert 15 inflow heat exchanger, further, negative pressure makes the boiling point lowering of the seawater in enclosed space; Along with negative pressure in enclosed space increases, seawater flows through heat exchanger plates from bottom to top, sun power is absorbed and temperature rises in flow process, when seething with excitement after the boiling point rising to reduction, the effect that a large amount of water vapour that boiling produces vacuumize by vacuum pump set 14, be separated by from heat exchanger plates 12 upper end and the susceptor edges space of fixed range enters into the lower side space of heat exchanger plates 12, and on the upside of heat exchanger plates 12, by rising charging sea water mitigation, temperature declines, then water vapour becomes water droplet at the downside exothermic condensation of heat exchanger plates 12; The heat distributed after water vapor condensation is delivered in the charging seawater of upside on the downside of heat exchanger plates 13, heats further, accelerates the intensification of charging seawater, achieve the recycle of heat to charging seawater.
The sea water desalinating plant that the embodiment of the present invention proposes, negative pressure mode is adopted to reduce the boiling point of seawater, solar source is utilized to coordinate heat exchanger plates, simplify the vaporization flow process of seawater, employ the recycle of heat simultaneously, make desalting process simply easy to implement, water production rate is large, whole device have employed the basic equipments such as glass, heat exchanger plates and water pump, day power supply 3000KW can realize water yield per day more than 10000 tons, average water cost per ton, less than 1 yuan, produces the more existing sea water desalinating plant of water cost much lower.And each equipment used in device is all ripe common equipment, and equipment dependability is high, maintenance is convenient and maintenance cost is low.Owing to reducing the boiling point of seawater, make seawater less scaling, can need not clear up for a long time, more do not need to carry out the measures such as pre-treatment to charging seawater, make whole device be easy to build and applicable commercial introduction.
Shown in composition graphs 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, the sea water desalinating plant that the embodiment of the present invention proposes also comprises fresh water wet-pit 16 and strong brine wet-pit 17; The water port of fresh water wet-pit 16 connects the fresh water outlet mouth 113 being opened in lower end, scarp 111; As shown in Figure 1, heat exchanger plates 12 upper end offers strong brine water vent 121, and strong brine water vent 121 connects the feed-water end of the strong brine discharge pipe line 18 be placed on the downside of heat exchanger plates 12; Device rear view as shown in Figure 4, the water side of strong brine discharge pipe line 18 connects the strong brine water outlet 114 being opened in lower end, scarp 111, and strong brine wet-pit 17 connects this strong brine water outlet 114.The two all adopts not easily is made by the material of sea-water corrosion.Use if many complete equipments connect, then fresh water uses a fresh water wet-pit after discharging and being connected with pipeline by valve, in like manner can use a strong brine wet-pit
Water vapour becomes water droplet at the downside exothermic condensation of heat exchanger plates 12, water droplet collects the rear lower end flowing to scarp 111, discharge from the fresh water outlet mouth 113 of lower end, scarp 111, at fresh water outlet mouth 113 fresh water wet-pit 16 is set and these fresh water collected by collection device, be the water resources after sea water desaltination, can for productive life.Water vapour after boiling is collected into as after fresh water, remaining strong brine is flowed out by the strong brine water vent 121 of heat exchanger plates 12 upper end, and enter strong brine discharge pipe line 18, finally extracted out by strong brine wet-pit 17, the strong brine of extraction through the dehydration salt manufacturing of other operations or can return to sea.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, the sea water desalinating plant that the embodiment of the present invention proposes also comprises fresh water heat exchanger 19 and strong brine interchanger 20, is all placed in seawater suction culvert 15; All adopt not easily by sea-water corrosion and the high material of heat exchange efficiency make.Fresh water heat exchanger 19 one end connects fresh water outlet mouth 113, and the other end connects fresh water wet-pit 16; One end of strong brine interchanger 20 connects strong brine water outlet 114, and the other end connects strong brine wet-pit 17.Condensed fresh water still belongs to high-temp liquid compared to charging seawater, because fresh water heat exchanger 19 is placed in seawater suction culvert 15, charging seawater is flooded with around it, fresh water dispels the heat after entering fresh water heat exchanger 19, its heat is fed Absorption by Sea Water, and fresh water temperature declines, and the Absorption by Sea Water of charging simultaneously thermal temperature rises, achieve the utilization again of fresh water heat, improve the heat exchange efficiency of whole device; In like manner, the strong brine that evaporation is left also belongs to high-temp liquid compared to charging seawater, because strong brine interchanger 20 is placed in seawater suction culvert 15, strong brine dispels the heat after entering strong brine interchanger 20, its heat is fed Absorption by Sea Water, and strong brine temperature declines, and the Absorption by Sea Water of charging simultaneously thermal temperature rises, achieve the utilization again of strong brine heat, improve the heat exchange efficiency of whole device.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, embodiment of the present invention proposition fresh water heat exchanger 19 and strong brine interchanger 20 are plate-type heat exchanger; This plate-type heat exchanger comprises plate and changes shell B2, plate swap-in water pipe B1, panel radiator B3 and plate and to swap out water pipe B4.Panel radiator B3 can adopt existing any one play the scatterer of thermolysis, the present embodiment will not limit; As shown in Figure 7, for a kind of specific embodiment structure iron of plate-type heat exchanger, this panel radiator B3 forms by organizing the hollow inserted sheet B3-3 that equidistant parallel is installed side by side more, fresh water or strong brine enter in hollow inserted sheet B3-3, charging seawater is full of in the clearance space of hollow inserted sheet B3-3, realizes heat exchange with the fresh water of high temperature or strong brine.
As shown in Figure 8, be provided with in plate-type heat exchanger and ranked first channel B 3-1 and second passage B3-2 more, first channel B3-1 is mutually vertical with second passage B3-2 for another kind of plate-type heat exchanger; One end web plate swap-in water pipe B1 of first channel B3-1, plate swap-in water pipe B1 connects fresh water outlet mouth 113 or strong brine water outlet 114, the other end web plate of first channel B3-1 swaps out water pipe B4, and the plate water pipe B4 that swaps out connects fresh water wet-pit 16 or strong brine wet-pit 17; Second passage B3-2 is open circuit, and charging seawater can flow through this second passage.Fresh water or strong brine enter the first channel B3-1 of plate heat exchange radiator from plate swap-in water pipe B1 and flow through first channel B3-1 from top to bottom, and charging seawater enters the second passage B3-2 of open circuit, flow to vertical with the flow direction of fresh water or strong brine, charging seawater and freshwater or strong brine are flowed in adjacency channel and realizes heat exchange.
As shown in Figure 9, the sea water desalinating plant that the embodiment of the present invention proposes, have a platform 115 on the base 11, this platform 115 is connected to the upper end on scarp 111, is levelling bench or sloping platform; The position of the corresponding platform 115 of heat exchanger plates 12 is set to heat exchange platform 122, and this heat exchange platform 122 is provided with baffle plate 123; Strong brine water vent 121 is opened on this heat exchange platform 122; Heat exchange platform 122 is separated with fixed range mutually with susceptor edges, makes to present a gap H1 between heat exchange platform 122 and susceptor edges.After the charging seawater heated up rises to the upper end of heat exchanger plates 12, if temperature does not also rise to the boiling temperature about 60 ° after reduction, then continue to be detained heating direct to boiling temperature on heat exchange platform 122, baffle plate 123 stops that charging seawater can not flow into the lower side space of heat exchanger plates 12, water vapour after boiling enters into the space on the downside of heat exchanger plates 12 by the gap H1 between heat exchange platform 122 and susceptor edges, and is condensed into water droplet on the downside of heat exchanger plates 12.Heat exchange platform 122 and baffle plate 123 can increase boiling heat transfer area; Strong brine water vent 121 is opened on heat exchange platform 122, and strong brine remaining after evaporation flows to strong brine discharge pipe line 18 from this strong brine water vent 121.This strong brine discharge pipe line 18 can use and surround in the downside of heat exchanger plates 12 with heat exchanger plates 12 same material, strong brine wet-pit 17 is connected after extending to lower end, scarp 111, the strong brine of high temperature is along strong brine discharge pipe line 18, also namely in the flowing of the downside of heat exchanger plates 12, heat is delivered to charging seawater on the upside of heat exchanger plates 12 through heat exchanger plates 12.
The sea water desalinating plant that the invention described above embodiment proposes, adopt low pressure to reduce the mode of seawater boiling point, adopt sun power to heating of seawater, rise to the boiling temperature of reduction in seawater temperature after, boiling produces a large amount of water vapour, collect water vapour and obtain productive life fresh water, whole device simple structure, uses equipment few, and many places employ heat recycling, improve device heat exchange efficiency, make whole apparatus cost low, produce water cost low, be suitable for commercial introduction application.
With a specific embodiment, the sea water desalinating plant that the present invention proposes is described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 9, in this specific embodiment, sea water desalinating plant is a solar low-temperature boiling tower, and height is between 7 meters to 15 meters, and pedestal 11 is highly 8 meters, and the angle of inclination on scarp 111 is between 30 ° to 90 °, and platform 115 width is 1-5 rice; The length of scarp 111 and platform 115 is unrestricted; Susceptor edges height is 30-50cm; For the lower side space preventing boiling seawater from spilling into heat exchanger plates 12, the susceptor edges height of heat exchange of top part platform 122 is set to 80-100cm.Heat exchanger plates 12 adopts the high thermal conductivity coefficient heat exchanger plates of withstand voltage waterproof airtight anticorrosive wear-resistant.Pedestal 11 adopts concrete for making, heat exchanger plates 12 all seals with pedestal 11 lower end and both sides, there is baffle plate 124 in heat exchange platform 122 arranged outside, between baffle plate 123 and susceptor edges, have gap H1, facilitate the water vapour that heat exchanger plates produces to reach condensation on the downside of heat exchanger plates by interval.Heat exchanger plates 12 covers the high withstand voltage synthetic glass of high light transmittance, synthetic glass and susceptor edges seal fixing, form an enclosed space between synthetic glass and pedestal; A vacuum pump 14 is installed in pedestal 11 bottom, and vacuum pump 14 connects the bleeding point 112 that scarp 111 is offered; As shown in Figures 2 and 3, for preventing elevation of water surface on the impact of this device work, in lower end, scarp 111, seawater suction culvert 15 and distributive pipe water-in are set, seawater suction culvert 15 has multiple distributive pipe 151, distributive pipe 151 is each passed through distributive pipe water-in, the water outlet of distributive pipe 151 is aimed on the upside of the lower end of heat exchanger plates 12, and seawater suction culvert 15 and distributive pipe water-in are submerged in charging seawater.
Concrete, heat exchanger plates 12 is placed between synthetic glass 13 and scarp 111, and the first distance D1 between synthetic glass is less than the second distance D2 between scarp.
Air in enclosed space is extracted out by vacuum pump 114, make to present negative pressure in enclosed space, negative pressure makes charging seawater enter seawater suction culvert 15 from the water-in 152 of seawater suction culvert 15, and enter the space on the upside of heat exchanger plates 12 and between synthetic glass respectively by distributive pipe 151, absorb in uphill process too can and heat up, after being warmed up to the boiling point after reduction, boiling produces a large amount of water vapour, water vapour climbs over heat exchanger plates 12 and arrives heat transmission to be returned on the downside of heat exchanger plates on the upside of heat exchanger plates and realize heat recycling, and self condensation becomes water droplet.The remaining water vapour for condensation and non-condensable gases are extracted out by vacuum pump 114.Condensing drip is the seawater of desalination after collecting.
Synthetic glass adopts list/double-deck (vacuum/hollow) glass, adopts high light transmittance heat insulation and tolerates the synthetic glass being greater than 1BAR pressure, can whole or splicing installation.Glass surface can attach anti-reflection material, to realize the object of maximum absorption sun power.
Heat exchanger plates material be resistance to 1BAR with the waterproof gas impermeable material of the high thermal conductivity coefficient of upward pressure, can be board-like, also can be coating film type.Material can be Copper Foil, carbon fiber, stainless steel, aluminium carbide ceramic-like etc.As shown in Figure 10, be the sectional view of the A-A of the material of heat exchanger plates shown in Fig. 9; Plate/cloth/film increases the enhancing heat exchange rib 124 of some enhancing heat exchange.The support heat exchange rib 125 of extension supporting effect on plate-type heat-exchange plate, lower end is against on scarp 111 and supports heat exchanger plates 12, and upper end supports synthetic glass (the incident glass of sun power).Use blackwash/paint to wait coating on the upside of heat exchanger plates 12, increase sun power receptivity, prevent reflection, downside can use hydrophobic material to apply, and the water of condensation of generation is dripped in time.
In Figure 10, charging seawater flows into charging seawater water channel 127 from the water outlet of distributive pipe 151, and the water vapour after boiling climbs over heat exchanger plates 12 and realizes heat exchange condensation to the water of condensation condensing zone 128 of downside.
Cloth/membrane type heat exchanger plates is arranged and strengthens heat exchange rib 124 and support heat exchange rib 125 as shown in figure 11, such as, when using carbon cloth, scarp 111 on average arranges some support heat exchange ribs 125 by interval, support between heat exchange rib 125 at every two and present arc, strengthen heat exchange rib 124 and be arranged between the support heat exchange rib 125 at the back side of carbon cloth; Form charging seawater water channel 127 between the incident glass of carbon cloth and sun power, realize charging seawater and flow into, the water vapour after boiling climbs over heat exchanger plates 12 and realizes heat exchange condensation to the water of condensation condensing zone 128 of downside.
As shown in figure 12, heat exchanger plates 12 top arranges heat exchange platform 122, heat exchange platform 122 is arranged flow deflector 126, and flow deflector 126 makes boiled water evenly proceed to forward position, and forward position place arranges baffle plate 124 higher together and prevents current from overflowing.Heat exchange platform 122 and baffle plate 123 increase boiling heat transfer area, and heat exchange platform 122 can be horizontal or tilting.Heat exchange platform 122 is offered strong brine water vent 121, use same material that strong brine water vent 121 is surrounded a strong brine discharge pipe line 18 on the downside of heat exchanger plates 12, extend to lower end, scarp 111, after remaining boiled water (strong brine) is blocked by baffle plate 123, flow out from strong brine water vent 121, flow on the downside of heat exchanger plates 12 through strong brine discharge pipe line 18, in flow process, heat is delivered to charging seawater on the upside of heat exchanger plates 12 through heat exchanger plates 12.
Pedestal 11 and scarp 115 adopt concrete or other materials system, and top is horizontal plane or low dip face, and scarp 111 and tip platform 115 surrounding arrange boss, and boss has two planes, medial plane is higher than inner side plane.Medial plane is that the incident glass 13 of fixed solar uses, and inner side plane uses for fixing heat exchanger plates 12.Water-impervious process and air tight process are carried out in scarp 115.Open bleeding point 112 below scarp 115 to connect vacuum pump 114 and use, as shown in figure 13, arrange twice boss F1 and F2 bottom scarp 115, nexine boss F2 uses for fixing heat exchanger plates 12, and outer boss F1 is that the incident glass 13 of fixed solar uses.Several holes offered by twice boss, and multiple distributive pipes 151 of seawater suction culvert 15 are through outer boss hole, and nexine boss F2 use pipeline connects the plate-type heat exchanger 19 or 20 in seawater suction culvert 15 by distributive pipe 151.
As shown in figure 14, extension supporting bar 117 and trouble flow strip 116 on the scarp 111 of pedestal 11, support bar 117 supports heat exchanger plates 12 and prevents heat exchanger plates from subsiding, and trouble flow strip 116 uses for interference water vapour streamline strengthens heat exchange.
Distributive pipe 151 has multiple, is connected to side by side on seawater suction culvert 15.Seawater suction culvert 15 cannot normally work for preventing elevation of water surface difference from causing, and its two ends are offered water-in 152 and goed deep in charging seawater, makes device work not by the impact of water level.
Here plate-type heat exchanger can adopt flat board or corrugation (ripple/broken line) formula heat exchange structure.
Here vacuum pump adopts water-ring pump, lobe pump or water ring Roots unit or other form vacuum pumps.
As shown in Figure 9, on the top of pedestal 11, reflecting glass 21 is installed, this reflecting glass 21 is high-strength armoured-glass, on toughened glass, the back side is minute surface, can strengthen heat exchange by reflected sunlight to heat exchanger plates 12, the toughened glass back side connects swing arm, and swing arm connects motor, motor can drive swing arm to rotate, and swing arm drives toughened glass to rotate; Toughened glass back side paste heat-preserving material.When daytime in summer, incident sunlight was larger, motor forwards toughened glass to vertical position, and heat exchanger plates 12 receives solar energy, evening, motor drove swing arm, drive toughened glass to cover on the incident glass 13 of sun power, rely on the lagging material on toughened glass heat insulation, increase device and produce the water time.Winter, angle of incidence of sunlight degree was less, and for preventing the low-temperature boiling tower of toughened glass to rear row from having an impact, toughened glass forwards bottom to, forwards to evening on incident glass heat insulation.
It should be noted that; above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention; the present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned citing, the change that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement, also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a sea water desalinating plant, is characterized in that, comprises pedestal, heat exchanger plates, sun power incident glass, vacuum pump set and seawater suction culvert; Described pedestal has a scarp; The edge on described scarp is extruded with susceptor edges; The incident glass of described sun power is placed in the top on described scarp, and with described susceptor edges encapsulation process, make to form an enclosed space between described scarp and the incident glass of described sun power; Described heat exchanger plates is placed between the incident glass of described sun power and described scarp; And the lower end of described heat exchanger plates and both sides and described susceptor edges realize encapsulation process, the upper end of described heat exchanger plates is separated with fixed range mutually with described susceptor edges; Lower end, described scarp offers bleeding point, and described vacuum pump set connects described bleeding point, for extracting the air in described enclosed space out; Described seawater suction culvert is connected with multiple water-division pipeline, and described seawater suction culvert is placed in the lower end on described scarp, makes the water outlet of described multiple water-division pipeline on the upside of the lower end of described heat exchanger plates.
2. sea water desalinating plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described device also comprises fresh water wet-pit and strong brine wet-pit; The water port of described fresh water wet-pit is connected to the fresh water outlet mouth being opened in lower end, described scarp; Upper end, described scarp offers strong brine water vent, and described strong brine water vent connects the feed-water end of the strong brine discharge pipe line be placed on the downside of described heat exchanger plates, and the water side of described strong brine discharge pipe line connects the water port of described strong brine wet-pit.
3. sea water desalinating plant according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described device also comprises fresh water heat exchanger and strong brine interchanger; Described fresh water heat exchanger and described strong brine interchanger are all placed in described seawater suction culvert; One end of described fresh water heat exchanger connects described fresh water outlet mouth, and the other end connects the water port of described fresh water wet-pit; One end of described strong brine interchanger connects the water side of described strong brine discharge pipe line, and the other end connects the water port of described strong brine wet-pit.
4. sea water desalinating plant according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described fresh water heat exchanger and described strong brine interchanger are plate-type heat exchanger; Be provided with in plate-type heat exchanger and ranked first passage and second passage more, described first channel is mutually vertical with described second passage; One end of described first channel connects the water side that described fresh water discharges the mouth of a river or described strong brine discharge pipe line, and the other end of described first channel connects the water port of described fresh water wet-pit or the water port of described strong brine layer of displacement; Described second passage is open circuit.
5. sea water desalinating plant according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described pedestal also has a platform, and described platform is connected to the upper end on described scarp; The position of the corresponding described platform of described heat exchanger plates is set to heat exchange platform, and described heat exchange platform is provided with baffle plate; Described strong brine water vent is opened on described heat exchange platform; Described heat exchange platform is separated with fixed range mutually with described susceptor edges.
6. sea water desalinating plant according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the upper end on described scarp or the arranged outside of described platform have reflecting glass; Described reflecting glass is connected with swing arm; Described swing arm connects a motor, and described motor drives described swing arm, and described swing arm drives described reflecting glass to rotate.
7. sea water desalinating plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat exchanger plates adopts resistance to 1BAR to make with the waterproof gas impermeable material of the high thermal conductivity coefficient of upward pressure; Blackwash is coated with on the upside of described heat exchanger plates; Hydrophobic material is coated with on the downside of described heat exchanger plates.
8. sea water desalinating plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat exchanger plates has multiple heat conduction rib; The lower end of described heat conduction rib is against on described scarp, and upper end is against the incident glass inner side of described sun power.
9. sea water desalinating plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first fixed range is less than described second fixed range.
10. sea water desalinating plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described scarp is provided with multiple trouble flow strip.
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| CN201510129204.XA CN104761014B (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2015-03-24 | A kind of sea water desalinating unit |
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| CN201510129204.XA CN104761014B (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2015-03-24 | A kind of sea water desalinating unit |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201201906Y (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-03-04 | 孙元新 | Vacuum glass thermal-collecting tube type solar distilling seawater desalination purifier |
| CN101880069A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2010-11-10 | 王鹤立 | Negative pressure strengthened multi-stage laminated disc type solar energy distillation system for desalination |
| CN103906710A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2014-07-02 | 沙特阿拉伯石油公司 | Apparatus for distillation of water and methods for using same |
| GB2511075A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-27 | Donald Earl Spence | Desalination Apparatus |
-
2015
- 2015-03-24 CN CN201510129204.XA patent/CN104761014B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201201906Y (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-03-04 | 孙元新 | Vacuum glass thermal-collecting tube type solar distilling seawater desalination purifier |
| CN101880069A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2010-11-10 | 王鹤立 | Negative pressure strengthened multi-stage laminated disc type solar energy distillation system for desalination |
| CN103906710A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2014-07-02 | 沙特阿拉伯石油公司 | Apparatus for distillation of water and methods for using same |
| GB2511075A (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-27 | Donald Earl Spence | Desalination Apparatus |
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