CN104751010A - Aircraft maintenance personnel energy consumption based aircraft component maintainability evaluation method - Google Patents
Aircraft maintenance personnel energy consumption based aircraft component maintainability evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aircraft maintenance personnel energy consumption based aircraft component maintainability evaluation method. The method comprises simulating the whole maintenance dismounting process through a virtual character model in a simulation platform according to a disassembly sequence, so that maintenance personnel energy consumption can be calculated in simulation. According to the energy consumption method, maintenance personnel maintenance personnel and mobile object potential energy are considered; as for human energy consumption, energy consumption of all parts (such as the upper arms, thighs, crura and the like) is calculated respectively, and the total energy consumption of the human body during maintenance dismounting is obtained through the sum of energy consumption of all the human body parts; energy consumption is used as a maintainability evaluation index for analyzing airplane structural parts. By the aid of the method, maintenance personnel aircraft structural part maintenance energy consumption can be calculated accurately and objectively, and the problems that subjective uncertainties, recognition fuzziness and the like of evaluation persons during maintainability evaluation in the current virtual maintenance process are difficult to get rid are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Product maintenance design studies field, be specially a kind of aircraft components maintainability distribution method based on aircraft maintenance personnel energy ezpenditure.
Background technology
For aircraft, the quality of its maintainability, the use technology cost after coming into operation to aircraft has decisive role, also will affect the market future of aircraft.Maintainability designs, be a kind of design attributes, with the design typification of aircaft configuration, namely maintainability shows as the build-in attribute of aircraft, this build-in attribute determines the O&M cost of aircraft, and then affects operation cost and the economy in aircraft life. cycle cycle.Therefore, aircraft be made to have good economy and the market competitiveness, just must take into full account and pay attention to the maintainability problem of aircraft.
The maintainability research of product is exactly realize the assessment of the maintainability of product in the design phase of product to meet the use technology in the future of product.Maintainability distribution relates to many factors of evaluation, and common factor of evaluation comprises simplicity, accessibility, standardization, interchangeability and man-machine efficacy etc.Existing maintainability evaluation is mainly used to the assay problem solving the relevant service time, from two sides such as the time relationship between different indenture level of maintenance, relations between time and influence factor, assay is carried out to maintainability, lacked the evaluation of other maintainability targets beyond removing time target.
Domestic rarely research papers has carried out the work of maintenance personal's energy ezpenditure qualitative assessment at present, existing energy ezpenditure assesses the analysis and evaluation problem be mainly used to around Related Work time and stationary state, analyze from two sides such as the working time relation between different indenture level of maintenance, the relations between working time and influence factor energy ezpenditure, the dynamic power consumption lacked based on maintenance process is assessed.Therefore how as far as possible accurately, quantizing the energy ezpenditure of maintenance personal in Virtual Maintenance process objectively, becoming the problem in the urgent need to breaking through.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the aircraft maintainability appraisal procedure based on aircraft maintenance personnel energy ezpenditure, in emulation platform, emulated by maintenance process, determine energy ezpenditure influence factor, calculate the energy ezpenditure of Virtual Maintenance personnel, as the evaluation index of the maintainability of analysis of aircraft structure member.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of described aircraft components maintainability distribution method based on aircraft maintenance personnel energy ezpenditure, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Step 1: in emulation platform, the manikin of setting Virtual Maintenance personnel; Manikin is reduced to 15 articulation points, and 10 parts of body of leting others have a look at the wire list between node and part of nodes: head, trunk, left forearm, right forearm, left upper arm, right upper arm, left leg, right leg, left thigh, right thigh;
Step 2: according to the disassembly sequence of aircraft components, carries out the emulation of Virtual Maintenance personnel unloading process in emulation platform;
Step 3: the energy ezpenditure calculating Virtual Maintenance personnel in unloading process emulation; The energy ezpenditure of described Virtual Maintenance personnel is 10 parts energy ezpenditure sum separately of composition Virtual Maintenance personnel human body; The energy ezpenditure of a human body part is that this part overcomes the potential energy consumption of gravity and the kinetic energy consumption sum of movement;
Step 4: repeat step 2 and step 3, obtains Virtual Maintenance personnel and dismantles the energy ezpenditure E that the energy ezpenditure of each part in aircraft components and Virtual Maintenance personnel dismantle aircraft components completely
max, wherein Virtual Maintenance personnel dismantle the energy ezpenditure of a jth part in aircraft components is E
j, j=1,2 ..., J, J are the part sum in aircraft components;
Step 5: calculate max (E
j/ E
max), j=1,2 ..., J, if max is (E
j/ E
max) be less than 30%, then represent that aircraft components maintainability meets designing requirement, otherwise represent that aircraft components maintainability does not meet designing requirement; For the part of jth in aircraft components, if E
j/ E
maxbe less than 30%, represent that the maintainability of this part meets designing requirement, otherwise represent that the maintainability of this part does not meet designing requirement.
Further preferred version, a kind of described aircraft components maintainability distribution method based on aircraft maintenance personnel energy ezpenditure, is characterized in that: in step 3, the energy ezpenditure of a human body part is obtained by following steps:
Step 3.1: according to the human body gross mass of setting, and the proportionate relationship of quality in human body gross mass of this part of human body of setting, obtain the quality m of this part of human body;
Step 3.2: calculate the speed of this part of human body in OXZ plane and axially overcome the displacement of gravity at OY in emulation platform coordinate system OXYZ, wherein OXZ plane represents surface level, and OY direction of principal axis represents vertical direction; Wherein the speed of this part of human body in OXZ plane is divided into along the speed of OX axle and the speed along OZ axle;
If this part of human body is head, then gets and represent the node of head in unit interval t along the displacement S of X-axis
xwith the ratio S of t
x/ t is as the speed V of this part along OX axle
x, get and represent the node of head in unit interval t along the displacement S of Z axis
zwith the ratio S of t
z/ t is as the speed V of this part along OZ axle
z; Get and represent that displacement that the node of head overcomes gravity on OY axle overcomes the displacement L of gravity as this part
y;
If this part of human body is left forearm, right forearm, left upper arm, right upper arm, left leg, right leg, left thigh or right thigh, then calculate two node M of this part and N respectively in unit interval t along the displacement m of OX axle
xand n
x, and along the displacement m of OZ axle in unit interval t
zand n
z, get | m
x-n
x|/t is as the speed V of this part along OX axle
x, | m
z-n
z|/t is as the speed V of this part along OZ axle
z; The displacement that the mid point of two node M and N that calculate this part overcomes gravity on OY axle overcomes the displacement L of gravity as this part
y;
If this part of human body is trunk, then gets and represent the central point of six nodes of trunk in unit interval t along the displacement S of X-axis
x1with the ratio S of t
x1/ t is as the speed V of this part along OX axle
x, get and represent the central point of six nodes of trunk in unit interval t along the displacement S of Z axis
z1with the ratio S of t
z1/ t is as the speed V of this part along OZ axle
z; Get and represent that displacement that the central point of six nodes of trunk overcomes gravity on OY axle overcomes the displacement L of gravity as this part
y;
Step 3.3: the speed of this part of human body obtained according to step 3.2 in OXZ plane and axially overcome the displacement of gravity at OY, according to formula E
x=mV
x 2/ 2, E
z=mV
z 2/ 2, E
y=mgL
y, obtain the kinetic energy of this part of human body on OX direction and consume E
x, kinetic energy E in the oz direction
ze is consumed with the potential energy on OY direction
y, wherein g is acceleration of gravity; Obtain the energy ezpenditure E=E of this part of human body
x+ E
z+ E
y.
Beneficial effect
Maintenance personal's energy ezpenditure based on Virtual Maintenance of the present invention is assessed, and is energy ezpenditure appraisal procedure be applied in the middle of the Virtual Maintenance of airplane structural parts.By maintenance process virtual emulation, analyze by ergonomic, accurately, calculate maintenance personal objectively and keep in repair the consumption of aircaft configuration parts maintenace energy, be difficult to when solving maintainability evaluation in current Virtual Maintenance process break away from the problem such as the subjective uncertainty of the personnel of participating in evaluation and electing and its ambiguity be familiar with, can be applied to airplane structural parts maintainability evaluation, the maintainability evaluation of other products also can using the present invention as reference.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is manikin ten parts with 15 tie points representing human body rear with simplification.
Fig. 2 is the part drawing of certain undercarriage.
Wherein: 1: tire 2: tire bearing 3: wheel shaft 4: wheel hub 5: chuck 6: bearing 7: main shaft 8: support 9: vibroshock 10: back up pad 11: pump left cover 12: the pump housing 13: pump right cover 14: oil pipe.
Fig. 3 marks out the key frame action set on emulation platform.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described:
The present embodiment for aircraft components maintenance objects, carries out the aircraft components maintainability evaluation of the energy ezpenditure based on Virtual Maintenance personnel with certain undercarriage.
The disassembly sequence of whole product is set up according to the restriction relation between part.The part drawing of certain undercarriage as shown in Figure 2, this undercarriage comprises altogether 14 parts, connected by different annexations between part, wherein dash number 1 ~ 14 is respectively tire, tire bearing, wheel shaft, wheel hub, chuck, bearing, main shaft, support, vibroshock, back up pad, pump left cover, the pump housing, pump right cover, oil pipe.According to the restriction relation that Awaiting Parts design proposal provides, obtain the restriction relation between parts, obtain out optimum disassembly sequence.
The aircraft components maintainability distribution method general thought that the present invention is based on aircraft maintenance personnel energy ezpenditure is: in emulation platform, and the build of setting Virtual Maintenance personnel, comprises height, body weight, brachium etc., make it meet the aspectual character of most people.According to the disassembly path setting repair demolition key frame action of parts to be repaired, this action is the main actions of the dismounting parts in repair demolition process, and the calculating of setting dismounting key operations consumption of energy is more accurate.Meanwhile, set other action action frame, whole unloading process is emulated and runs according to the frame action of setting, finally on emulation platform, emulate whole repair demolition process.
Concrete steps are:
Step 1: in emulation platform, the manikin of setting Virtual Maintenance personnel, makes it represent most people volume morphing, and the standard relevant according to country, setting height is 175cm, and body weight is 65kg is most of Chinese standard heights body weight.Manikin is reduced to skeleton pattern.First human body 15 main activities joints are chosen, be reduced to articulation point, the a certain part of human body is represented between two nodes, as chosen wrist joint node and elbow joint node, between two nodes and two nodes, part represents forearm, brachium in distance representative body Model between two nodes, as shown in Figure 1, human body 10 parts of the line representative between 15 nodes and part of nodes are respectively: head, trunk, left forearm, right forearm, left upper arm, right upper arm, left leg, right leg, left thigh, right thigh.
Step 2: according to the disassembly sequence of aircraft components, carries out the emulation of Virtual Maintenance personnel unloading process in emulation platform.
Step 3: the energy ezpenditure calculating Virtual Maintenance personnel in unloading process emulation.Each maintenance action is by elemental motion as walking, shake, manually work etc. form, and each repair demolition action strictly can regard the combination of actions of these ten human body parts as.Energy ezpenditure in such Virtual Maintenance personnel maintenance process is exactly the summation of 10 human body parts energy ezpenditure, and the energy ezpenditure of a human body part is that this part overcomes the potential energy consumption of gravity and the kinetic energy consumption sum of movement.
The energy ezpenditure of a human body part is obtained by following steps:
Step 3.1: according to the human body gross mass of setting, and the proportionate relationship of quality in human body gross mass of this part of human body of setting, obtain the quality m of this part of human body.Table 1 is depicted as the proportionate relationship of 10 human body parts in human body gross mass:
Table 1
| Human body parts | Proportion |
| Head | 23.1％ |
| Left forearm | 0.9％ |
| Right forearm | 0.9％ |
| Left upper arm | 1.75％ |
| Right upper arm | 1.75％ |
| Left thigh | 4.7％ |
| Right thigh | 4.7％ |
| Left leg | 2.1％ |
| Right leg | 2.1％ |
| Trunk | 58％ |
Step 3.2: calculate the speed of this part of human body in OXZ plane and axially overcome the displacement of gravity at OY in emulation platform coordinate system OXYZ, wherein OXZ plane represents surface level, and OY direction of principal axis represents vertical direction; Wherein the speed of this part of human body in OXZ plane is divided into along the speed of OX axle and the speed along OZ axle.
If this part of human body is head, then gets and represent the node of head in unit interval t along the displacement S of X-axis
xwith the ratio S of t
x/ t is as the speed V of this part along OX axle
x, get and represent the node of head in unit interval t along the displacement S of Z axis
zwith the ratio S of t
z/ t is as the speed V of this part along OZ axle
z; Get and represent that displacement that the node of head overcomes gravity on OY axle overcomes the displacement L of gravity as this part
y;
If this part of human body is left forearm, right forearm, left upper arm, right upper arm, left leg, right leg, left thigh or right thigh, then calculate two node M of this part and N respectively in unit interval t along the displacement m of OX axle
xand n
x, and along the displacement m of OZ axle in unit interval t
zand n
z, get | m
x-n
x|/t is as the speed V of this part along OX axle
x, | m
z-n
z|/t is as the speed V of this part along OZ axle
z; The displacement that the mid point of two node M and N that calculate this part overcomes gravity on OY axle overcomes the displacement L of gravity as this part
y;
If this part of human body is trunk, then gets and represent the central point of six nodes of trunk in unit interval t along the displacement S of X-axis
x1with the ratio S of t
x1/ t is as the speed V of this part along OX axle
x, get and represent the central point of six nodes of trunk in unit interval t along the displacement S of Z axis
z1with the ratio S of t
z1/ t is as the speed V of this part along OZ axle
z; Get and represent that displacement that the central point of six nodes of trunk overcomes gravity on OY axle overcomes the displacement L of gravity as this part
y;
Step 3.3: the speed of this part of human body obtained according to step 3.2 in OXZ plane and axially overcome the displacement of gravity at OY, according to formula E
x=mV
x 2/ 2, E
z=mV
z 2/ 2, E
y=mgL
y, obtain the kinetic energy of this part of human body on OX direction and consume E
x, kinetic energy E in the oz direction
ze is consumed with the potential energy on OY direction
y, wherein g is acceleration of gravity; Obtain the energy ezpenditure E=E of this part of human body
x+ E
z+ E
y.
Step 4: repeat step 2 and step 3, obtains Virtual Maintenance personnel and dismantles the energy ezpenditure E that the energy ezpenditure of each part in aircraft components and Virtual Maintenance personnel dismantle aircraft components completely
max, wherein Virtual Maintenance personnel dismantle the energy ezpenditure of a jth part in aircraft components is E
j, j=1,2 ..., J, J are the part sum in aircraft components;
Step 5: based on the maintenace energy consumption of aircraft Virtual Maintenance personnel, carries out maintainability distribution to aircraft components and part: calculate max (E
j/ E
max), j=1,2 ..., J, if max is (E
j/ E
max) be less than 30%, then represent that aircraft components maintainability meets designing requirement, otherwise represent that aircraft components maintainability does not meet designing requirement; For the part of jth in aircraft components, if E
j/ E
maxbe less than 30%, represent that the maintainability of this part meets designing requirement, otherwise represent that the maintainability of this part does not meet designing requirement.
In the present embodiment, setting part to be torn open is parts 5 (chuck), and in order to keep in repair parts 5, available dismounting parts service sequence is: 3, Isosorbide-5-Nitrae, 5, that is: and wheel shaft, tire, wheel hub, chuck.
Setting Virtual Maintenance personnel figure and unloading process emulation key frame.In emulation platform, the key operations frame of setting unloading process, as Fig. 3, because this sequence needs dismounting 4 parts, so four key frame actions of setting dismounting, sets other non-key frame actions as walked, squatting down simultaneously.Whole process will couple together according to key frame action and non-key frame action by emulation platform, forms simulation process.
Specifically, after Virtual Maintenance personnel go to parts to be repaired, during for dismounting first parts wheel shaft, its key operations is Fig. 3 left side first width figure action, after wheel shaft dismounting, when detaching tyre, its key operations is Fig. 3 left side second width figure, in like manner, dismounting wheel hub and chuck are the 3rd width figure and the 4th width figure respectively.
The energy that analytical calculation dismounting parts 5 consume.In virtual platform for maintenance, according to the change of maintenance personal position in service clearance coordinate system, in conjunction with above-mentioned energy ezpenditure computing formula, according to its shift position in OXZ Virtual Maintenance space plane, calculate the kinetic energy of Virtual Maintenance personnel, on OY direction, according to the change of Virtual Maintenance personnel vertical direction, calculate virtual personnel's potential energy.As a whole, Virtual Maintenance personnel go to Awaiting Parts from the origin of maintenance, through the action of four maintenance key frames, remove Awaiting Parts one by one, namely according to the disassembly sequence of wheel shaft, tire, wheel hub, chuck.Calculate kinetic energy and the potential energy sum of the every part of virtual human body, showing that Virtual Maintenance personnel dismantle the energy that parts 5 (chuck) consume is 71.83 calories.
Then keeping in repair this part maintainability is: carry out entirely disassembled emulation to equipment, dismantles 14 parts of whole Landing gear model, and calculating and whole equipment is dismantled the energy consumed is 247.405 calories.The ratio that the energy that then dismounting parts 5 consume accounts for the energy that whole unloading process consumes is: 71.83/247.405=0.29<0.30, so the maintainability of dismounting parts 5 is good, meets capability of maintenance design requirement.
Claims (2)
1., based on an aircraft components maintainability distribution method for aircraft maintenance personnel energy ezpenditure, it is characterized in that: comprise
Following steps:
Step 1: in emulation platform, the manikin of setting Virtual Maintenance personnel; Manikin is reduced to 15 articulation points, and 10 parts of body of leting others have a look at the wire list between node and part of nodes: head, trunk, left forearm, right forearm, left upper arm, right upper arm, left leg, right leg, left thigh, right thigh;
Step 2: according to the disassembly sequence of aircraft components, carries out the emulation of Virtual Maintenance personnel unloading process in emulation platform;
Step 3: the energy ezpenditure calculating Virtual Maintenance personnel in unloading process emulation; The energy ezpenditure of described Virtual Maintenance personnel is 10 parts energy ezpenditure sum separately of composition Virtual Maintenance personnel human body; The energy ezpenditure of a human body part is that this part overcomes the potential energy consumption of gravity and the kinetic energy consumption sum of movement;
Step 4: repeat step 2 and step 3, obtains Virtual Maintenance personnel and dismantles the energy ezpenditure E that the energy ezpenditure of each part in aircraft components and Virtual Maintenance personnel dismantle aircraft components completely
max, wherein Virtual Maintenance personnel dismantle the energy ezpenditure of a jth part in aircraft components is E
j, j=1,2 ..., J, J are the part sum in aircraft components;
Step 5: calculate max (E
j/ E
max), j=1,2 ..., J, if max is (E
j/ E
max) be less than 30%, then represent that aircraft components maintainability meets designing requirement, otherwise represent that aircraft components maintainability does not meet designing requirement; For the part of jth in aircraft components, if E
j/ E
maxbe less than 30%, represent that the maintainability of this part meets designing requirement, otherwise represent that the maintainability of this part does not meet designing requirement.
2. a kind of aircraft components maintainability distribution method based on aircraft maintenance personnel energy ezpenditure according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: in step 3, the energy ezpenditure of a human body part is obtained by following steps:
Step 3.1: according to the human body gross mass of setting, and the proportionate relationship of quality in human body gross mass of this part of human body of setting, obtain the quality m of this part of human body;
Step 3.2: calculate the speed of this part of human body in OXZ plane and axially overcome the displacement of gravity at OY in emulation platform coordinate system OXYZ, wherein OXZ plane represents surface level, and OY direction of principal axis represents vertical direction; Wherein the speed of this part of human body in OXZ plane is divided into along the speed of OX axle and the speed along OZ axle;
If this part of human body is head, then gets and represent the node of head in unit interval t along the displacement S of X-axis
xwith the ratio S of t
x/ t is as the speed V of this part along OX axle
x, get and represent the node of head in unit interval t along the displacement S of Z axis
zwith the ratio S of t
z/ t is as the speed V of this part along OZ axle
z; Get and represent that displacement that the node of head overcomes gravity on OY axle overcomes the displacement L of gravity as this part
y;
If this part of human body is left forearm, right forearm, left upper arm, right upper arm, left leg, right leg, left thigh or right thigh, then calculate two node M of this part and N respectively in unit interval t along the displacement m of OX axle
xand n
x, and along the displacement m of OZ axle in unit interval t
zand n
z, get | m
x-n
x|/t is as the speed V of this part along OX axle
x, | m
z-n
z|/t is as the speed V of this part along OZ axle
z; The displacement that the mid point of two node M and N that calculate this part overcomes gravity on OY axle overcomes the displacement L of gravity as this part
y;
If this part of human body is trunk, then gets and represent the central point of six nodes of trunk in unit interval t along the displacement S of X-axis
x1with the ratio S of t
x1/ t is as the speed V of this part along OX axle
x, get and represent the central point of six nodes of trunk in unit interval t along the displacement S of Z axis
z1with the ratio S of t
z1/ t is as the speed V of this part along OZ axle
z; Get and represent that displacement that the central point of six nodes of trunk overcomes gravity on OY axle overcomes the displacement L of gravity as this part
y;
Step 3.3: the speed of this part of human body obtained according to step 3.2 in OXZ plane and axially overcome the displacement of gravity at OY, according to formula E
x=mV
x 2/ 2, E
z=mV
z 2/ 2, E
y=mgL
y, obtain the kinetic energy of this part of human body on OX direction and consume E
x, kinetic energy E in the oz direction
ze is consumed with the potential energy on OY direction
y, wherein g is acceleration of gravity; Obtain the energy ezpenditure E=E of this part of human body
x+ E
z+ E
y.
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