CN104746071B - A kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxopalladium Chemical compound [Pd]=O HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating, including thermal boundary transition zone, self-lubricating intermediate layer and the self-lubricating working lining coated successively from base metal surface；The constituent element composition quality of thermal boundary transition zone is than the mixture P for 83%~88%, 10%~15% nanometer Cr powder, 2%Y2O3, the constituent element composition quality of mixture P is than including 45%~50% zirconium oxide, 12%~20% aluminum oxide, 2%~4% palladium oxide, 26%~41% Ni powder；The constituent element composition quality in self-lubricating intermediate layer is than the carbon fiber including 91%~98% NiCrSiB 401,2%~9%；The constituent element composition quality of self-lubricating working lining is than including 2%~8% Cr, 0.2%~5% Y, 0.3%~5% Ce, 0.2%~6% Ta, balance of C.Have the advantages that thermal boundary performance, self-lubricating property, antifriction anti-acoustic capability are high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of self-lubricating composite coating, more particularly to a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating and its system
Preparation Method, belongs to the technical field of composite materials of matrix surface intensive treatment.
Background technology
The matrix surfaces such as many components of machine need high rigidity, wear-resistant, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant and anti-contact fatigue
Etc. the intensive treatment of performance.Current antifriction noise reduction film layer mainly has diamond-like carbon film (DLC), nitride coating, carbide
Coating, carbonitride coating, graphite and MoS2 base coating.
DLC has excellent tribological property, industrially as diaphragm, but its at high temperature using and and
Reaction material is in contact, and will decompose, while finding, DLC also has the following disadvantages：There is very big internal stress in film, lead
Cause film difficult in metal surface film forming, and wrinkle, produce substantial amounts of Stress Release style, directly result in and using process
Middle generation initial failure.
Traditional scuff-resistant coatings such as nitride coating, carbide coating, carbonitride coating to pursue high rigidity as target,
They are general more crisp, and coefficient of friction is higher, and its hard abrasive dust for existing can accelerate the destruction of friction pair, therefore, this kind of film
Friction reducing effect is poor.
The traditional antifriction noise reduction film layer of the above is needed using water or oil as lubricant, can just show superior abrasiveness
Can, there is no self-lubricating function, use certain limitation.
More than in addition to conventional traditional film layer, the coating technique with matrix surface develops, and particularly laser melts in recent years
Cover, the rapid progress of the acquirement such as magnetron sputtering technique so that be combined using different technologies, play respective advantage prepare two-layer or
The imagination of multilayer complex films comes true, and existing technology shows, the composite film of the different gradients prepared using different technologies
Combination property be significantly better than traditional coating, but the high temperature solid self-lubricants material for preparing or amorphous carbon coating etc. are still suffered from
Certain defect, such as coefficient of friction and wear rate are relatively large, there is still a need for oil lubrication auxiliary, can just be effectively ensured in application process
The reliability of lubrication.
Although China has carried out system research for many years in ocean properties of solid self-lubricant coating technical elements, develops various
Marine environment self-lubricating solid composite membrane.Such as after certain sea water pump gear surface prepares solid lubricant film so that sea water pump master
Frequency noise mean reduction is more than more than 6dB, the III fast full range noise range of decrease more than 3dB, and antifriction noise reduction is obvious.China for another example
Certain light-weight device of independent research employs swashplate engine due to compact conformation, but needs to be equipped with special oil system pair
Swash plate driving joint component carries out splash, increased weight and subsidiary engine complexity, also reduces engine specific power；If adopting
Existing splash is substituted with self-lubricating solid, can not only cancel oil system, simplify subsidiary engine structure, make light-weight device
Construction weight reduction about 10kg, and specific power can improve 5%, and voyage improves nearly 20%, greatly improves skill war index.
But, the linear velocity of swash plate driving joint component is very high, and rate of depreciation is fast, surface temperature is high, frictional heat is to it
The influence of parent metal mechanical property is larger, and existing self-lubricating solid composite membrane can not well meet its use and want
Ask, thus need to prepare have concurrently thermal boundary performance and self-lubricating property can significantly antifriction noise reduction self-lubricating composite coating.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to overcome deficiency of the prior art, there is provided a kind of metal-based self-lubricating is compound to be applied
Layer, the workpiece for being particularly well-suited to the parent metals such as steel alloy, titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminium alloy carries out surface peening.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide high with thermal boundary performance, self-lubricating property, antifriction anti-acoustic capability
Metal-based self-lubricating composite coating, realize that anchoring strength of coating reaches 71MPa, thermal shock number of times and reaches 72 times, 200 DEG C at room temperature
Self-lubricating coefficient of friction is that 0.072,200 DEG C of self-lubricating wear rates are 6.7 × 10-17m3Long-acting, the high temperature of/Nm surpass lubrication
Purpose, can effectively reduce the frictional heat of oil-free lubrication generation, reach antifriction and low abrasion effect, so as to oil-free can be greatly improved certainly
The reliability of lubricating transmission component, has the value in industry.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide effective preparation, the controllable, reliable in quality of operation, the scope of application
The preparation method of wide metal-based self-lubricating composite coating, can be applicable to the matrixes such as steel alloy, titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminium alloy
Self-lubricating composite coating is prepared on metal surface, existing splash is substituted, is mitigated workpiece overall weight, improves transmission component
Antifriction anti-acoustic capability, so as to meet the high standard demand of transmission component oil-free self lubrication in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating, including coated successively from base metal surface thermal boundary transition zone, from
Lubrication intermediate layer and self-lubricating working lining.
Wherein, the constituent element composition quality of the thermal boundary transition zone is than mixture P for 83%~88%, 10%~15%
Nanometer Cr powder, 2%Y2O3, the constituent element composition quality of the mixture P is than including 45%~50% zirconium oxide, 12%~20%
Aluminum oxide, 2%~4% palladium oxide, 26%~41% Ni powder.
And, the constituent element composition quality in the self-lubricating intermediate layer is than including 91%~98% NiCrSiB-401,2%
~9% carbon fiber.
Meanwhile, the constituent element composition quality of the self-lubricating working lining than including 2%~8% Cr, 0.2%~5% Y,
0.3%~5% Ce, 0.2%~6% Ta, balance of C.
The present invention is further arranged to：When described matrix metal is 30CrMnSiA, the constituent element composition of the thermal boundary transition zone
Mass ratio is 85% mixture P, 13% nanometer Cr powder, 2%Y2O3, the constituent element composition quality ratio of the mixture P includes
50% zirconium oxide, 20% aluminum oxide, 4% palladium oxide, 26% Ni powder；The constituent element in the self-lubricating intermediate layer is into sub-prime
Amount ratio includes 95% NiCrSiB-401,5% carbon fiber；The constituent element composition quality ratio of the self-lubricating working lining includes 5%
Cr, 3% Y, 2% Ce, 3% Ta, balance of C.
The present invention is further arranged to：When described matrix metal is copper alloy, the constituent element of the thermal boundary transition zone is into sub-prime
Amount is than mixture P, 15% nanometer Cr powder, the 2%Y for 83%2O3, the constituent element composition quality ratio of the mixture P includes 45%
Zirconium oxide, 20% aluminum oxide, 4% palladium oxide, 31% Ni powder；The constituent element composition quality ratio in the self-lubricating intermediate layer
Carbon fiber including 98% NiCrSiB-401,2%；The constituent element composition quality of the self-lubricating working lining is than including 4%
Cr, 2% Y, 3% Ce, 3% Ta, balance of C.
The present invention is further arranged to：When described matrix metal is aluminium alloy, the constituent element of the thermal boundary transition zone is into sub-prime
Amount is than mixture P, 10% nanometer Cr powder, the 2%Y for 88%2O3, the constituent element composition quality ratio of the mixture P includes 46%
Zirconium oxide, 16% aluminum oxide, 4% palladium oxide, 34% Ni powder；The constituent element composition quality ratio in the self-lubricating intermediate layer
Carbon fiber including 91% NiCrSiB-401,9%；The constituent element composition quality of the self-lubricating working lining is than including 4%
Cr, 1.5% Y, 1.3% Ce, 3% Ta, balance of C.
The present invention is further arranged to：When described matrix metal is TC4 titanium alloys, the constituent element composition of the thermal boundary transition zone
Mass ratio is 85% mixture P, 13% nanometer Cr powder, 2%Y2O3, the constituent element composition quality ratio of the mixture P includes
47% zirconium oxide, 14% aluminum oxide, 3% palladium oxide, 36% Ni powder；The constituent element in the self-lubricating intermediate layer is into sub-prime
Amount ratio includes 94% NiCrSiB-401,6% carbon fiber；The constituent element composition quality ratio of the self-lubricating working lining includes 6%
Cr, 0.2% Y, 1.2% Ce, 3% Ta, balance of C.
The present invention is further arranged to：The thickness of the thermal boundary transition zone is 0.1~0.3mm, the self-lubricating intermediate layer
Thickness be 0.2~0.6mm, the thickness of the self-lubricating working lining is 3~5 μm.
The present invention is further arranged to：Described matrix metal includes simple metal and alloy.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating, successively including following preparation process：
Step 1：By mixture P and nanometer Cr powder and Y2O3Powdering is carried out using ball milling mixing, after mixing in parent metal table
Face, thermal boundary transition zone is prepared using laser cladding method, and 90 DEG C~100 DEG C are preheated to before cladding, and 10s slow cooling after cladding is completed
Grinding afterwards；
Step 2：NiCrSiB-401 and carbon fiber are carried out into ball milling mixing, carried out using plasma spraying method it is preset, in advance
Postpone 3% zinc oxide of addition, then self-lubricating intermediate layer prepared using laser cladding method, after the completion of grinding；
Step 3：Cr, Y, Ce, Ta and C are carried out into ball milling mixing, using the composite target of magnetic control spattering target inlaying process
Technology carries out magnetron sputtering and prepares self-lubricating working lining.
Preparation method of the invention is further arranged to：After also including being located between step 2 and step 3 to laser melting coating
The pre-treatment step that self-lubricating intermediate layer is carried out；The pre-treatment step is：Advanced row turnery processing, remove surface spikes, so
Polished with 600#, 800#, 1000# and waterproof abrasive paper successively afterwards, after the completion of polishing with deionized water in ultrasonic container
Cleaning 10min, reuses acetone soln and wipes cleaning, and dried with dehydration of alcohol.
Preparation method of the invention is further arranged to：Thermal boundary transition is prepared using laser cladding method in the step 1
Layer laser melting coating parameter used be：14~18Hz of frequency, 5~8ms of pulsewidth, 140~170A of electric current, speed 150mm/min, hot spot
0.8~1.5mm of width；Used in the step 2 plasma spraying method carry out preset preset parameter used for：Spraying current
360~450A, voltage 60V, 0.6~0.9Kg/h of powder sending quantity, the pressure 3.0bar of main gas argon gas, the pressure of auxiliary gas hydrogen
2.4bar；Used in the step 2 laser cladding method prepare laser melting coating parameter used by self-lubricating intermediate layer for：Frequency 14~
18Hz, 6~10ms of pulsewidth, 130~160A of electric current, 300~600mm/min of speed, 0.8~1.5mm of spot width；The step
Parameter used by preparation self-lubricating working lining is in 3：Magnetron sputtering 3~7A of electric current, 210~420min of time.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
By the way that in base metal surface, coating thermal boundary transition zone, self-lubricating intermediate layer and self-lubricating work successively from inside to outside
Layer, the wherein composition of thermal boundary transition zone are mixture P, nanometer Cr powder and Y2O3, mixture P include zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, oxidation
Palladium and Ni powder, the composition in self-lubricating intermediate layer is NiCrSiB-401 and carbon fiber, the composition of self-lubricating working lining is Cr, Y,
Ce, Ta and C, and thermal boundary transition zone is prepared using laser cladding method, is prepared using plasma spraying combination laser cladding method
Self-lubricating intermediate layer, using magnetically controlled sputter method prepare self-lubricating working lining so that be obtained have thermal boundary performance, self lubricity
Energy, antifriction anti-acoustic capability metal-based self-lubricating composite coating high, are capable of achieving anchoring strength of coating at room temperature and reach 71MPa, heat
Shake number of times reach 72 times, 200 DEG C of self-lubricating coefficient of friction be that 0.072,200 DEG C of self-lubricating wear rates are 6.7 × 10-17m3/N·m
Long-acting, high temperature surpass the purpose of lubrication, can not only effectively reduce the frictional heat of oil-free lubrication generation, reach antifriction and low abrasion effect
Really, and the reliability of oil-free self lubrication transmission component can be greatly improved, properties are superior to traditional self-lubricating composite coating,
The workpiece for being particularly well-suited to the parent metals such as steel alloy, titanium alloy, copper alloy, aluminium alloy carries out surface peening.
The above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to be better understood upon technological means of the invention, under
With reference to accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described in face.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating of the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Figure of description, the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating as shown in Figure 1, including the heat coated successively from the surface of parent metal 1
Barrier transition zone 2, self-lubricating intermediate layer 3 and self-lubricating working lining 4；Described matrix metal 1 includes simple metal and alloy；In Fig. 1,
The thickness D1 of the thermal boundary transition zone 2 is 0.1~0.3mm, and the thickness D2 in the self-lubricating intermediate layer 3 is 0.2~0.6mm, institute
The thickness D3 for stating self-lubricating working lining 4 is 3~5 μm.
The constituent element composition quality of the thermal boundary transition zone 2 is than the mixture P for 83%~88%, 10%~15% nanometer
Cr powder, 2%Y2O3, the constituent element composition quality of the mixture P is than the oxygen including 45%~50% zirconium oxide, 12%~20%
Change aluminium, 2%~4% palladium oxide, 26%~41% Ni powder.
The constituent element composition quality in the self-lubricating intermediate layer 3 is than including 91%~98% NiCrSiB-401,2%~9%
Carbon fiber.
The constituent element composition quality of the self-lubricating working lining 4 is than including 2%~8% Cr, 0.2%~5% Y, 0.3%
~5% Ce, 0.2%~6% Ta, balance of C.
The preparation method of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating as shown in Figure 1 is prepared, successively including following preparation process：
Step 1：By mixture P and nanometer Cr powder and Y2O3Ball milling mixing is used according to constituent element composition quality ratio, is mixed laggard
Row powdering prepares thermal boundary transition zone 2, laser used in the surface of parent metal 1, powdering thickness 1.5mm using laser cladding method
Cladding parameter is：14~18Hz of frequency, 5~8ms of pulsewidth, 140~170A of electric current, speed 150mm/min, spot width 0.8~
1.5mm；It is preheated to 90 DEG C~100 DEG C before cladding, 10s slow cooling after cladding, grinding is to required thickness after the completion of laser melting coating
D1 is 0.1~0.3mm.The thermal boundary transition zone for preparing can effectively reduce diffusing capacity of the frictional heat to parent metal, and reduction rubs
Influence of the chafing to its parent metal mechanical property.
Step 2：NiCrSiB-401 and carbon fiber are carried out into ball milling mixing according to constituent element composition quality ratio, using plasma
Spraying method carries out preset, individual layer pre-set thickness 0.3mm, and preset parameter used is：360~450A of spraying current, voltage 60V,
0.6~0.9Kg/h of powder sending quantity, the pressure 3.0bar of main gas argon gas, the pressure 2.4bar of auxiliary gas hydrogen；It is pre- to postpone 3% oxygen of addition
Change zinc, then self-lubricating intermediate layer 3 is prepared using laser cladding method, laser melting coating parameter used is：14~18Hz of frequency, pulsewidth
6~10ms, 130~160A of electric current, 300~600mm/min of speed, 0.8~1.5mm of spot width；According to preparing thickness requirement
Multilayer cladding is carried out, grinding is 0.2~0.6mm to thickness D2 is required after the completion of cladding.In the middle of the self-lubricating for preparing
Layer can improve its solid lubrication reliability, once self-lubricating working lining occur surprisingly fail, can be with effective guarantee workpiece
Self-lubricating property；And be prepared from NiCrSiB-401 and carbon fiber, can not only replace the case-carbonizing of parent metal to quench
Fire, can with effective guarantee its with thermal boundary transition zone and the binding ability of self-lubricating working lining, it is ensured that bond strength and carry energy
Power；And carbon fiber can greatly improve wearability, impact resistance and fatigue durability, while giving full play to the collaboration of lubricant component
Effect, improves its antifriction performance.
Pre-treatment step：The pre-treatment step is carried out to the self-lubricating intermediate layer 3 after laser melting coating, and advanced driving is cut and added
Work is thick to 0.5mm, removes surface spikes and ensures preferable surface smoothness；Then 600#, 800#, 1000# and water are used successively
Sand paper is polished, it is ensured that surface roughness is less than 0.25 μm；After the completion of polishing, cleaned in ultrasonic container with deionized water
10min, reuses acetone soln and wipes cleaning, and dried with dehydration of alcohol.
Step 3：Cr, Y, Ce, Ta and C are carried out into ball milling mixing according to constituent element composition quality ratio, using magnetic control spattering target
The multiple elements design target technology of inlaying process carries out magnetron sputtering and prepares self-lubricating working lining 4, and magnetron sputtering parameter used is：Magnetic control
3~7A of sputtering current, 210~420min of time.The self-lubricating working lining for preparing can improve composite hardness, sedimentation rate,
Significantly improve antifriction quality and wearability.
Detailed row embodiment is as follows：
Embodiment 1：Certain engine bulb ball seat matrix material is 30CrMnSiA, and face coat originally uses C/Cr class stones
Black composite membrane, it is found that it loses oil lubrication life-span only 12min, and vibrating noise is larger.However, being moistened certainly using prepared by the present invention
Performance is significantly improved after sliding composite coating.
Preparation method is as follows：By 85% mixture P, 13% nanometer Cr powder and 2%Y2O3Ball milling mixing is carried out, wherein
The constituent element composition quality of mixture P is than including 50% zirconium oxide, 20% aluminum oxide, 4% palladium oxide, 26% Ni powder；
Powdering is carried out after mixing in base metal surface, laser melting coating uses frequency 16Hz, pulsewidth 5ms, electric current 160A, speed 150mm/
Min, spot width 0.8mm, powdering thickness 1.5mm, two-layer cladding are preheated to 90 DEG C before cladding, 10s slow cooling after cladding, are obtained
Thickness 0.2mm thermal boundary transition zones；Self-lubricating Interlayer Alloy 95%NiCrSiB-401 and 5% carbon fiber are prepared, using plasma
Spraying method is preset, and spraying current is 420A, voltage 60V, powder sending quantity 0.8Kg/h, the pressure 3.0bar of main gas argon gas, auxiliary gas hydrogen
Gas 2.4bar, laser melting coating electric current 130A, frequency 8ms, pulsewidth 14Hz, speed 600mm/min, individual layer fore-put powder thickness
0.3mm, 3% zinc oxide of addition carry out cladding, three layers of cladding, prepare thickness 0.4mm self-lubricatings intermediate layer；Prepare self-lubricating
Components of working layer 5%Cr, 3%Y, 2%Ce, 3%Ta, balance of C, magnetron sputtering electric current are 5A, and plated film time is 240min, system
Obtain 3 μm of self-lubricating working linings of thickness.
Coating performance testing result, using the more original C/Cr class graphite of the self-lubricating composite coating performance of present invention preparation
Composite membrane is greatly improved, and microhardness reaches more than HV2500, and coefficient of friction is less than 0.07, and corrosion current is only general C/Cr
The 1/24 of class graphite composite film, travelling gear loses the oil lubrication life-span more than 120min, and can effectively reduce vibration level 3dB
More than, achieve significant effect of vibration and noise reduction.
Embodiment 2：Certain gear matrix material is copper alloy, and the compound painting of self-lubricating is prepared in its matrix surface using the present invention
Layer.
Preparation method is as follows：By 83% mixture P, 15% nanometer Cr powder and 2%Y2O3Ball milling mixing is carried out, wherein
The constituent element composition quality of mixture P is than including 45% zirconium oxide, 20% aluminum oxide, 4% palladium oxide, 31% Ni powder；
Powdering is carried out after mixing in base metal surface, laser melting coating uses frequency 18Hz, pulsewidth 6ms, electric current 150A, speed 150mm/
Min, spot width 1.0mm, powdering thickness 1.5mm, two-layer cladding are preheated to 90 DEG C before cladding, 10s slow cooling after cladding, are obtained
Thickness 0.3mm thermal boundary transition zones；Self-lubricating Interlayer Alloy 98%NiCrSiB-401 and 2% carbon fiber are prepared, using plasma
Spraying method is preset, and spraying current is 400A, voltage 60V, powder sending quantity 0.7Kg/h, the pressure 3.0bar of main gas argon gas, auxiliary gas hydrogen
Gas 2.4bar, laser melting coating electric current 160A, frequency 6ms, pulsewidth 16Hz, speed 500mm/min, individual layer fore-put powder thickness
0.3mm, 3% zinc oxide of addition carry out cladding, two-layer cladding, prepare thickness 0.2mm self-lubricatings intermediate layer；Prepare self-lubricating
Components of working layer 4%Cr, 2%Y, 3%Ce, 3%Ta, balance of C, magnetron sputtering electric current are 3A, and plated film time is 420min, system
Obtain 5 μm of self-lubricating working linings of thickness.
Coating performance testing result, after matrix surface prepares self-lubricating composite coating using the present invention, gear comprehensively makes
Greatly improved with performance, the mistake oil lubrication life-span reaches present more than three hours by original not enough half an hour greatly.
Embodiment 3：Certain sports equipment Material Matting is aluminium alloy, and self-lubricating is prepared in its matrix surface using the present invention
Composite coating.
Preparation method is as follows：By 88% mixture P, 10% nanometer Cr powder and 2%Y2O3Ball milling mixing is carried out, wherein
The constituent element composition quality of mixture P is than including 46% zirconium oxide, 16% aluminum oxide, 4% palladium oxide, 34% Ni powder；
Powdering is carried out after mixing in base metal surface, laser melting coating uses frequency 18Hz, pulsewidth 8ms, electric current 170A, speed 150mm/
Min, spot width 1.5mm, powdering thickness 1.5mm, two-layer cladding are preheated to 90 DEG C before cladding, 10s slow cooling after cladding, are obtained
Thickness 0.3mm thermal boundary transition zones；Self-lubricating Interlayer Alloy 91%NiCrSiB-401 and 9% carbon fiber are prepared, using plasma
Spraying method is preset, and spraying current is 450A, voltage 60V, powder sending quantity 0.7Kg/h, the pressure 3.0bar of main gas argon gas, auxiliary gas hydrogen
Gas 2.4bar, laser melting coating electric current 160A, frequency 6ms, pulsewidth 16Hz, speed 300mm/min, individual layer fore-put powder thickness
0.3mm, 3% zinc oxide of addition carry out cladding, two-layer cladding, prepare thickness 0.2mm self-lubricatings intermediate layer；Prepare self-lubricating
Components of working layer 4%Cr, 1.5%Y, 1.3%Ce, 3%Ta, balance of C, magnetron sputtering electric current are 3A, and plated film time is
400min, is obtained 4 μm of self-lubricating working linings of thickness.
Coating performance testing result, this friction pair is to apply MoS on surface using traditional handicraft2, noise during use
Larger, there is often cracking because of dry friction in surface, and maintenance frequency increases, and causes service life shorter；And the present invention is used in base
After body surface face prepares self-lubricating composite coating, noise is eliminated, loses the increase of oil lubrication life-span, it is therefore prevented that the generation of crackle, uses the longevity
Life improves twice more originally.
Embodiment 4：Certain steel jacket material be TC4 titanium alloys, surface spraying molybdenum, failure mode be dry friction caused by coating open
Split and come off.However, being significantly improved using performance after the self-lubricating composite coating of present invention preparation.
Preparation method is as follows：By 85% mixture P, 13% nanometer Cr powder and 2%Y2O3Ball milling mixing is carried out, wherein
The constituent element composition quality of mixture P is than including 47% zirconium oxide, 14% aluminum oxide, 3% palladium oxide, 36% Ni powder；
Powdering is carried out after mixing in base metal surface, laser melting coating uses frequency 16Hz, pulsewidth 8ms, electric current 160A, speed 150mm/
Min, spot width 1.3mm, powdering thickness 1.5mm, three layers of cladding are preheated to 90 DEG C before cladding, 10s slow cooling after cladding, are obtained
Thickness 0.4mm thermal boundary transition zones；Self-lubricating Interlayer Alloy 94%NiCrSiB-401 and 6% carbon fiber are prepared, using plasma
Spraying method is preset, and spraying current is 420A, voltage 60V, powder sending quantity 0.6Kg/h, the pressure 3.0bar of main gas argon gas, auxiliary gas hydrogen
Gas 2.4bar, laser melting coating electric current 150A, frequency 6ms, pulsewidth 16Hz, speed 300mm/min, individual layer fore-put powder thickness
0.3mm, 3% zinc oxide of addition carry out cladding, three layers of cladding, prepare thickness 0.3mm self-lubricatings intermediate layer；Prepare self-lubricating
Components of working layer 6%Cr, 0.2%Y, 1.2%Ce, 3%Ta, balance of C, magnetron sputtering electric current are 3A, and plated film time is
360min, is obtained 4 μm of self-lubricating working linings of thickness.
Coating performance testing result, uses the present invention to prepare self-lubricating composite coating in its matrix surface to substitute sprayed molybdenum layer
Afterwards, it loses oil lubrication life-span and was improved to present 2.5 hours, vibration level by original 45 minutes and decline more than 3dB, weight and subtract
It is light by 5%.
General principle of the invention, principal character and advantage has been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, simply original of the invention is illustrated described in above-described embodiment and specification
Reason, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes and improvements
All fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appending claims and its equivalent circle.
It is fixed.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating, it is characterised in that：Including the thermal boundary coated successively from base metal surface
Transition zone, self-lubricating intermediate layer and self-lubricating working lining；
The constituent element composition quality of the thermal boundary transition zone than the mixture P for 83%~88%, 10%~15% nanometer Cr powder,
2%Y2O3, the constituent element composition quality of the mixture P than including 45%~50% zirconium oxide, 12%~20% aluminum oxide,
2%~4% palladium oxide, 26%~41% Ni powder；
The constituent element composition quality in the self-lubricating intermediate layer is than the carbon including 91%~98% NiCrSiB-401,2%~9%
Fiber；
The constituent element composition quality of the self-lubricating working lining is than including 2%~8% Cr, 0.2%~5% Y, 0.3%~5%
Ce, 0.2%~6% Ta, balance of C.
2. a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described matrix metal is
During 30CrMnSiA, the constituent element composition quality of the thermal boundary transition zone is than the mixture P for 85%, 13% nanometer Cr powder, 2%
Y2O3, the constituent element composition quality of the mixture P is than including 50% zirconium oxide, 20% aluminum oxide, 4% palladium oxide, 26%
Ni powder；
The constituent element composition quality in the self-lubricating intermediate layer is than the carbon fiber including 95% NiCrSiB-401,5%；
The constituent element composition quality of the self-lubricating working lining is than including 5% Cr, 3% Y, 2% Ce, 3% Ta, balance of
C。
3. a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described matrix metal is copper
During alloy, the constituent element composition quality of the thermal boundary transition zone is than the mixture P for 83%, 15% nanometer Cr powder, 2%Y2O3, institute
The constituent element composition quality of mixture P is stated than including 45% zirconium oxide, 20% aluminum oxide, 4% palladium oxide, 31% Ni
Powder；
The constituent element composition quality in the self-lubricating intermediate layer is than the carbon fiber including 98% NiCrSiB-401,2%；
The constituent element composition quality of the self-lubricating working lining is than including 4% Cr, 2% Y, 3% Ce, 3% Ta, balance of
C。
4. a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described matrix metal is aluminium
During alloy, the constituent element composition quality of the thermal boundary transition zone is than the mixture P for 88%, 10% nanometer Cr powder, 2%Y2O3, institute
The constituent element composition quality of mixture P is stated than including 46% zirconium oxide, 16% aluminum oxide, 4% palladium oxide, 34% Ni
Powder；
The constituent element composition quality in the self-lubricating intermediate layer is than the carbon fiber including 91% NiCrSiB-401,9%；
The constituent element composition quality of the self-lubricating working lining is than including 4% Cr, 1.5% Y, 1.3% Ce, 3% Ta, remaining
It is C to measure.
5. a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described matrix metal is
During TC4 titanium alloys, the constituent element composition quality of the thermal boundary transition zone is than the mixture P for 85%, 13% nanometer Cr powder, 2%
Y2O3, the constituent element composition quality of the mixture P is than including 47% zirconium oxide, 14% aluminum oxide, 3% palladium oxide, 36%
Ni powder；
The constituent element composition quality in the self-lubricating intermediate layer is than the carbon fiber including 94% NiCrSiB-401,6%；
The constituent element composition quality of the self-lubricating working lining is than including 6% Cr, 0.2% Y, 1.2% Ce, 3% Ta, remaining
It is C to measure.
6. a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The thermal boundary transition zone
Thickness is 0.1~0.3mm, and the thickness in the self-lubricating intermediate layer is 0.2~0.6mm, and the thickness of the self-lubricating working lining is 3
~5 μm.
7. a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described matrix metal includes
Simple metal and alloy.
8. the preparation method of a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that wrap successively
Include following preparation process：
Step 1：By mixture P and nanometer Cr powder and Y2O3Powdering is carried out using ball milling mixing, after mixing in base metal surface,
Thermal boundary transition zone is prepared using laser cladding method, 90 DEG C~100 DEG C are preheated to before cladding, 10s slow cooling after cladding, after the completion of grind
Cut processing；
Step 2：NiCrSiB-401 and carbon fiber are carried out into ball milling mixing, is carried out using plasma spraying method preset, postponed in advance
Add 3% zinc oxide, then self-lubricating intermediate layer prepared using laser cladding method, after the completion of grinding；
Step 3：Cr, Y, Ce, Ta and C are carried out into ball milling mixing, using the multiple elements design target technology of magnetic control spattering target inlaying process
Carry out magnetron sputtering and prepare self-lubricating working lining.
9. the preparation method of a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Also include
The pre-treatment step carried out to the self-lubricating intermediate layer after laser melting coating between step 2 and step 3；
The pre-treatment step is：Advanced row turnery processing, remove surface spikes, then successively with 600#, 800#, 1000# and
Waterproof abrasive paper is polished, and 10min is cleaned in ultrasonic container with deionized water after the completion of polishing, reuses acetone soln wiping
Cleaning is wiped, and is dried with dehydration of alcohol.
10. the preparation method of a kind of metal-based self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：It is described
Used in step 1 laser cladding method prepare laser melting coating parameter used by thermal boundary transition zone for：14~18Hz of frequency, pulsewidth 5~
8ms, 140~170A of electric current, speed 150mm/min, 0.8~1.5mm of spot width；
Used in the step 2 plasma spraying method carry out preset preset parameter used for：360~450A of spraying current, electricity
Pressure 60V, 0.6~0.9Kg/h of powder sending quantity, the pressure 3.0bar of main gas argon gas, the pressure 2.4bar of auxiliary gas hydrogen；
Used in the step 2 laser cladding method prepare laser melting coating parameter used by self-lubricating intermediate layer for：Frequency 14~
18Hz, 6~10ms of pulsewidth, 130~160A of electric current, 300~600mm/min of speed, 0.8~1.5mm of spot width；
Parameter used by preparation self-lubricating working lining is in the step 3：Magnetron sputtering 3~7A of electric current, 210~420min of time.
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