CN1047429A - 开关装置 - Google Patents

开关装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1047429A
CN1047429A CN90104257A CN90104257A CN1047429A CN 1047429 A CN1047429 A CN 1047429A CN 90104257 A CN90104257 A CN 90104257A CN 90104257 A CN90104257 A CN 90104257A CN 1047429 A CN1047429 A CN 1047429A
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switching device
switch
circuit
short
current source
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CN90104257A
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CN1021872C (zh
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亨德里克·简·布兰卡斯
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2921—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2926—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against internal abnormal circuit conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/2885—Static converters especially adapted therefor; Control thereof
    • H05B41/2887—Static converters especially adapted therefor; Control thereof characterised by a controllable bridge in the final stage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于一种由极性变化的电流引燃并运行的高压放电开关装置，为此目的，开关装置含有桥式网络(II)，它包括交替地转换为导通和截止状态的开关装置(21)，该开关装置具有一控制极215和主电极211。在这两电极之间，在开关装置处于截止状态期间，借助短路开关(27)保持短路。按照本发明，短路开关由一可控的电流源(28)控制。

Description

本发明涉及一种开关装置，它宜于通过极性变化的脉冲电流引燃和操作高压放电灯。该装置具有：一个桥式网络，该网络含有第一开关装置，用来交替地改变导通和截止状态，以获得极性变化的脉冲电流;驱动所述开关装置的驱动电路，它包括开关装置的主电极和控制极之间的短路开关，用来在开关装置变为截止状态的期间内在主电极和控制极之间保持短路;以及一个给驱动电路提供控制信号的控制电路。
开头所述的那种开关装置的一个在GB2102641A中已经知道了。
在这个已知开关装置的桥式网络中存在相当大的电压差，为了避免大的电位差对驱动电路的不利影响，在开关装置和驱动电路之间提供直流隔离电路。因此，在这个已知的开关装置中，呈光晶体管形式的短路装置同时组成了桥式网络和驱动电路之间的直流隔离电路，这种光晶体管有较小的尺寸，因而有利于开关装置结构较紧凑。不过，这种光晶体管要求较高的控制功率。
另一种可能的直流隔离电路是采用变压器，不过，这导致用大尺寸传输低功率的缺点。
本发明的特别目的是提供一种减小控制功率而保持开关装置结构紧凑的措施。
按照本发明，开头一节所述的那种开关装置的特征在于，驱动电路包括一控制短路开关的可控电流源，通过由可控电流源得到短路开关的控制功率，使得不再需要驱动电路和桥式网络之间的直流隔离电路。这提供了使用一种用较低的控制功率控制的开关作为短路开关的可能性，一种特别合适的短路开关是一种晶体管，由于它通常具有相当大的放大系数，故可用较低的功率控制。
更可取的是，晶体管的基极D、C连接于可控电流源上。
可控电流源可以较简单方式由半导体获得，这尤其适合于小型化，因而至少保留了开关装置的紧凑结构。
在按照本发明的一个最佳实施例中，可控的电流源同时又用来控制与桥式网络的第二开关装置相连的半导体开关，第二开关装置与第一开关装置交替地被转换到导通状态，这更加有利于开关装置结构的小型化。
在含有4个开关装置的桥式网络中，开关装置被成对地交替转换到截止状态，从而获得极性变化的脉冲电流，从开关装置运转的可靠性的观点来看，开关装置和成对驱动电路配置是有利的。
其实，从美国专利4649321已经知道，只要保证桥式网络的开关装置通过相关开关装置的控制极和主电极相互短路而处于截止状态，电压差就可以被抵消，主电极和控制极，仅当主电极处于低电位时，才被短路。这在两个开关装置中实现了，开关装置被交替地转换成导通状态，在某段时间内同时处于导通状态，以改变所产生方波电流的极性。的确，用这种方式能够使桥式网络与驱动电路之间的直流隔离电路仅限于一个二极管，但另一方面，这种方案有一个主要缺点，即每当极性改变时，桥式网络实际上被短路了。此外，在这种短路条件下需要一个炽热线圈电阻元件与桥式网络串联以防止过电流通过开关装置。这导致不希望的功率损失。
本发明开关装置的一个实施例将参照附图说明。图中：
图1是开关装置的方块电路图，
图2是开关装置的桥式网络的进一步说明，
图3是开关装置的驱动电路的进一步说明。
图1所示的开关装置由开关电源1，桥式网络Ⅱ，辅助电路Ⅲ及控制电路Ⅳ组成。辅助电路Ⅲ包含两个驱动电路25，26，被操纵的高压放电灯Ⅴ与桥式网络Ⅱ相连，在本实施例中，放电灯是一种高压金属卤化物灯，其额定功率为200W。
桥式网络Ⅱ及辅助电路Ⅲ进一步详细地示于图2中，桥式网络包含开关装置21，22，23，24，它们成对地交替地转换为导通和截止状态，以便得到流经灯Ⅴ的极性改变的脉冲电流。
灯Ⅴ包括在网络4中，该网络被连接在桥路接点C和D之间，由电感40，变压器41的副绕组41b及灯的接点42，43形成网络4，副绕组41b以及灯的接点42，43被电容器46分流。变压器41的原绕组41a形成产生电压脉冲电路，并连有充气击穿元件44和升压网络45。
开关装置21，22，23，24被驱动电路25，26成对地驱动。驱动电路25进一步详细地示于图3。在图3中，短路开关27连接在开关元件21的控制极215和主电极211之间。短路开关呈晶体管形式，其基极27b连于驱动电路的可控的电流源28上。可控电流源被控制电路在接点A供给的控制信号检测。
可控电流源28和短路开关27经一辅助电压接点+Ⅴ供电，由控制电路经接点A供给的控制信号由一方波电压脉冲序列组成。当在A点有一方波脉冲时，可控电流源28的晶体管导通，由发射极281确定的电流从辅助电压接点+Ⅴ流经可控的电流源28，因而，短路开关27的基极27b电压比较低，短路开关截止。结果，由于在辅助电压接点+Ⅴ存在的辅助电压，开关装置21将呈导通状态。
只要在A端存在电压脉冲，可控电流源28中的晶体管就截止，从而电流不再流经可控电流源，这使得短路开关27的基极27b的电压相对升高而导通，结果，开关装置21的主电极211和控制极215之间形成短路，此状态一直维持到下一个电压脉冲出现在A端，由于这一短路，开关装置21保持截止状态。
在桥式网络Ⅱ中的开关装置以高频工作（通断）情况下，灯被起燃，在本实施例中，大约选用55KHz的高频。在控制电路Ⅳ中，用已知方式产生开关脉冲。高频如此选择，使得在网络4中，电感40，相连的灯和电容46组成一谐振振荡电路。因此，在灯的接点42，43之间产生高电压，从而在连接的灯Ⅴ的灯电极之间发生击穿。由于灯的击穿，振荡电路便失去谐振。
假如所连接的灯在由振荡电路产生的电压下不发生击穿，经过一段时间，网络45中产生的电压也将上升到使充气击穿元件44达到其击穿电压而击穿。然后，网络45中的电容器通过击穿元件44和变压器41的原绕组41a突然放电。结果在副边41b产生一个非常高的电压，此电压也出现在灯的连接点42处。
在所述电路装置中，击穿元件44如此选择，使得它有3KV的击穿电压。一方面，适当选择变压器的结构和绕组比，另一方面，适当调整由绕组和连到电容器的电导体形成的电容器值，使得在所述实施例中产生一个使击穿元件44被击穿的25KV峰值电压。
借助产生电压脉冲的电路，该电路由变压器41，击穿元件44和网络45组成，在所连的灯熄灭之后，完全能够使其立即再起燃，这一般被称为“热再起燃”。
灯被起燃之后，经过一段时间达到稳定运行条件。灯起燃之后，桥式网络开关装置以约400Hz的频率转换，借助所述开关装置运动的灯，有恒定功率和基本恒定的光通量强度，因而特别适用于投影光源。

Claims (3)

1、一种用于由极性改变的脉冲电流引燃并运行的高压放电灯的开关装置，包括，含有为获得交变极性脉冲电流而交替转换为导通和截止状态的第一开关装置；
驱动该开关装置的驱动电路，该电路包括开关装置的主电极和控制极之间的短路开关，在开关装置转换为截止状态的期间内，该短路开关在主电极与控制极之间保持短路；以及
给驱动电路提供控制信号的控制电路，其特征在于，所述驱动电路包括一可控电流源用来控制短路开关。
2、控照权利要求1的开关装置，其特征在于短路开关是一晶体管，其基极被D.C连接于电流源。
3、按照权利要求1或2的开关装置，其特征在于，电流源同时用于控制与桥式网络中的第二开关装置相连的短路开关，该第二开关装置与第一开关装置交替地转换为导通状态。
CN90104257A 1989-05-17 1990-05-14 开关装置 Expired - Lifetime CN1021872C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8901223 1989-05-17
NL8901223 1989-05-17

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CN1047429A true CN1047429A (zh) 1990-11-28
CN1021872C CN1021872C (zh) 1993-08-18

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CN90104257A Expired - Lifetime CN1021872C (zh) 1989-05-17 1990-05-14 开关装置

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US (1) US5087859A (zh)
EP (1) EP0398432B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3273780B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR900019539A (zh)
CN (1) CN1021872C (zh)
AT (1) ATE206863T1 (zh)
DE (1) DE69033820T2 (zh)

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EP0702887B1 (en) * 1994-04-06 1999-12-29 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Circuit arrangement
CA2164511A1 (en) * 1994-04-06 1995-10-19 Anton Cornelis Blom Circuit arrangement
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ES2152010T3 (es) * 1995-03-01 2001-01-16 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Circuito para encender una lampara de descarga de alta presion.
US6124682A (en) * 1996-11-19 2000-09-26 Micro Tech Limited Lamp driver circuit using resonant circuit for starting lamp
TW381804U (en) * 1997-07-03 2000-02-01 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Circuit arrangement
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DE19851652A1 (de) * 1998-11-10 2000-05-11 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Vorschaltgerät zum Betreiben von Hochdruckgasentladungslampen
DE10159675A1 (de) * 2001-12-05 2003-06-26 Schneider Elektrotechnik Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zur Erzeugung einer Hochspannung, insbesondere zum Betrieb eines Plasmas

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0398432B1 (en) 2001-10-10
EP0398432A1 (en) 1990-11-22
JPH034491A (ja) 1991-01-10
US5087859A (en) 1992-02-11
JP3273780B2 (ja) 2002-04-15
CN1021872C (zh) 1993-08-18
DE69033820D1 (de) 2001-11-15
KR900019539A (ko) 1990-12-24
DE69033820T2 (de) 2002-04-11
ATE206863T1 (de) 2001-10-15

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Patentee after: Koninklike Philips Electronics N. V.

Patentee before: Philips Electronics N. V.

C15 Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993)
OR01 Other related matters