CN104742017A - Accurate control method of contour detecting and grinding device for planar conjugate cam - Google Patents
Accurate control method of contour detecting and grinding device for planar conjugate cam Download PDFInfo
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- CN104742017A CN104742017A CN201510132006.9A CN201510132006A CN104742017A CN 104742017 A CN104742017 A CN 104742017A CN 201510132006 A CN201510132006 A CN 201510132006A CN 104742017 A CN104742017 A CN 104742017A
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- conjugate cam
- planar conjugate
- grinding
- cam
- planar
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/12—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation involving optical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
- B24B49/04—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an accurate control method of a contour detecting and grinding device for a planar conjugate cam. The method is characterized in that when a grinding wheel grinding head of a grinding mechanism of a detecting and grinding device body is controlled to grind the outer contour of the planar conjugate cam, a second laser measuring head of a cam inner contour detecting device reciprocates in the axial direction of the planar conjugate cam and measures the contour line in the axial direction of the inner contour of the planar conjugate cam; when the grinding wheel grinding head of the grinding mechanism of the detecting and grinding device body is controlled to grind the inner contour of the planar conjugate cam, a first laser measuring head of a cam outer contour detecting device reciprocates in the axial direction of the planar conjugate cam and measures the contour line in the axial direction of the outer contour of the planar conjugate cam; when the cam rotates by a circle, the detecting and grinding device body can detect the size of one of the inner and outer contours of the planar conjugate cam in the circumferential direction on line and grind the other of the inner and outer contours of the planar conjugate cam at the same time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical manufacturing field, be specifically related to a kind of using planar conjugate cam contour detecting and abrasive machining device detects profile of planar conjugate cam and the accuracy control method of grinding.
Background technology
Cam mechanism is the transmission mechanism primarily of cam, driven member and frame composition.Cam is divided into disc cam, translating cam and cylindrical cam three kinds usually according to the difference of form.Disc cam is divided into again dish type cam ring and dish type external cam, because dish type cam ring is seldom used, therefore usually alleged disc cam equal graduated dial shape external cam.According to the difference of the movement locus of driven member, cam is divided into again plane cam and space cam.Plane cam refers to that camming movement plane is parallel to each other with the plane of movement of driven member or overlap, and disc cam and translating cam all belong to plane cam, and space cam refers to that the movement locus of driven member is space curve, and cylindrical cam belongs to space cam.Cam can be divided into again grooved cam, cam flange, constant amplitude cam and conjugate cam according to the difference of external constraint form.Conjugate cam is often referred to a pair disc cam (being also Double-disk cam) of mutual consolidation.This contacts to respective profile (also namely the outer circumferential of cam the is surperficial) pairing element corresponding on same driven member respectively of cam.2 cams of conjugate cam are fixedly mounted with on the same axis by certain position, make these two cams separately respectively when rise and backhaul keep conjugacy, and then ensure Double-disk cam and driven member sealed.According to the different forms of motion of driven member, Double-disk cam is divided into again oscillating follower conjugate cam and direct acting follower lever conjugate cam.The second form of conjugate cam is: on the disc cam of same ring-type, 2 dish type profile positions are set, also namely a corresponding cam contour position (referred to as inside and outside contour) is respectively provided with at the circumferential inner surface of cam and surface, outer circumferential, and the shape of inside and outside contour is similar, plane of movement due to the driven member of this conjugate cam is parallel to each other with camming movement plane or overlap, therefore can be described as planar conjugate cam.Planar conjugate cam can be widely used in various automated machine, and as spinning warp knitting machine, printing machine etc., wherein spinning warp knitting machine needle cam of rising to the bait is exactly planar conjugate cam defined above.Profile of planar conjugate cam grinding belongs to non-circular grinding, and contour curve complexity and inside and outside contour size also will ensure size conjugation uniformity, thus grinding and detection difficulty are all larger.
Prior art mainly adopts numerical control machining center or special grinding machine to the equipment that profile of planar conjugate cam carries out grinding, in grinding, also need the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam and mismachining tolerance detects, determine etc. inside and outside contour grinding allowance and grinding and feeding amount, above-mentioned detection adopts artificial on-line operation mode more or adopts offline inspection mode, not only accuracy of detection is not high, and be difficult to ensure planar conjugate cam inside and outside contour size conjugation uniformity also to there is the problem that grinding efficiency is very low.
Chinese patent literature CN102589469A (application number is 201210026457.0) discloses one " device for detecting profile of planar conjugate cam and control method thereof ".Although the checkout gear of the planar conjugate cam involved by the document can be measured the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam, thus can ensure cam being conjugate uniformity simultaneously, it belongs to contact type measurement, and certainty of measurement needs to improve further.In addition, this measurement mechanism is only off-line measurement device, does not have the function of grinding.
Chinese patent literature CN201195276Y (number of patent application 200820034576.X) discloses one " on-line testing numerically-controlled cam grinder ".Grinding machine described in the document is a kind of grinding machine that also synchronously can carry out on-line testing cam being carried out to grinding while to cam.Cam involved in the document, according to shown in its accompanying drawing, should be plane disc cam, so its measurement carried out and processing are also just implemented on the profile (being also outer circumferential) of disc cam.Although the test of the document is Real time auto measure, its certainty of measurement is still lower.
Chinese patent literature CN102147238B (number of patent application 201110051991.2), CN102175181B (number of patent application 201110051993.1), CN102122144B (number of patent application 201110051996.5) and CN102200762B (number of patent application 201110096390.3) individually discloses one " device for detecting cam profile ", " detection method of device for detecting cam profile ", " digital control system for cam contour detects " and " cam contour detection digital control system ".When these described four kinds of checkout gears or detection system work, all to first cam be taken off from process equipment, then detect, as defective in detected, also need cam to be reinstalled process equipment and reorientate continuation processing, cause operating efficiency greatly to reduce, and the object of described detection is all plane disc cam outline.
Chinese patent literature CN101434053B (number of patent application 20081020397.4), CN101561250B (number of patent application 200910052043.3) and CN101259596A (number of patent application 200810023391.3) individually discloses one " the automatic location of cam non-circular grinding and On-line Measuring Method and device ", " method for intelligent position finding and On-line Measuring Method " and " a kind of numerically-controlled cam grinder ", first section of its on-line measurement in 3 sections of described documents belongs to contact type measurement, certainty of measurement is low, cam face after may causing processing in contact measurement process sustains damage, and gage outfit is easy to wear.Second section of its on-line measurement of document belongs to laser image measurement, and checkout gear is complicated, manufactures maintenance cost higher.Above-mentioned front 2 kinds of cam contour grinding attachments and detection method are all only for plane disc cam outline.3rd section of document is then to process, and still needs cam to be detected by checkout equipment equipment taken off by other during detection.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose the control method of working continuously of a kind of inside and outside contour to planar conjugate cam synchronous grinding and on-line checkingi respectively.
The basic technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is: the accuracy control method of a kind of profile of planar conjugate cam detection and abrasive machining device, is characterized in: the profile of planar conjugate cam of employing detects and abrasive machining device comprises control system, fuselage, the table mechanism that can move along X-axis Y-axis be arranged on fuselage, is fixedly installed on the cam rotation mechanism on table mechanism and is fixedly installed on the detection grinding attachment on fuselage.Described control system controls the action of table mechanism, cam rotation mechanism and detection grinding attachment.Detect grinding attachment and comprise grinding mechanism and on-line measuring device.
Above-mentioned grinding mechanism comprises grinding workbench and emery wheel grinding-head.Grinding workbench is fixedly installed on fuselage.On-line measuring device comprises cam outline on-line measuring device and cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device.Cam outline on-line measuring device comprises the first laser measuring head, the first linear electric motors and the first linear motor driver.First linear electric motors are fixedly installed on the rear side of grinding workbench of grinding mechanism by its stator.First laser measuring head connects measuring stick by first and is fixedly installed on the mover of the first linear electric motors, and the mover controlling the first linear electric motors by the first linear motor driver by control system drives the first laser measuring head to carry out the outer profile size of X to traverse measurement planar conjugate cam.Cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device comprises the second laser measuring head, the second linear electric motors and the second linear motor driver.Second linear electric motors are fixedly installed on the front side of grinding workbench of grinding mechanism by its stator.Second laser measuring head connects measuring stick by second and is fixedly installed on the mover of the second linear electric motors, and the mover controlling the second linear electric motors by the second linear motor driver by control system drives the second laser measuring head to carry out the Internal periphery size of X to traverse measurement planar conjugate cam.The emery wheel grinding-head of the first laser measuring head, the second laser measuring head and grinding mechanism is on same X-Y plane, and the axis of three is parallel to each other, and the axis of planar conjugate cam is positioned on X-Y plane.
The benchmark spacing of the axis of above-mentioned first laser measuring head and emery wheel grinding-head is L
w, the benchmark spacing of the axis of the second laser measuring head and emery wheel grinding-head is L
s, be θ in the anglec of rotation of described planar conjugate cam
itime, the spacing of the installation axis of planar conjugate cam and the axis of emery wheel grinding-head is l
ui, the spacing of planar conjugate cam face and grinding workbench Y-axis line is l
vi, the outline of the planar conjugate cam of on-line measurement and the pitch measurements of the first laser measuring head are l
1i, the planar conjugate cam Internal periphery of on-line measurement and the pitch measurements of the second laser measuring head are l
2i, 0 °≤θ
i≤ 360 °, θ
i=360/n, i=1,2,3......, n.N detects θ in the process that rotates a circle of planar conjugate cam 100 simultaneously
i, l
1iand l
2ithe number of times of measured value.
Above-mentioned profile of planar conjugate cam detects and the accuracy control method of abrasive machining device has following steps:
1., by detecting the on-line measuring device of grinding attachment to the on-line measurement of planar conjugate cam inside and outside contour size.Terminate with grinding before on-line measurement is divided into planar conjugate cam ground to measure in rear and grinding work.State after terminating with grinding before planar conjugate cam ground, makes planar conjugate cam rotate 1 week with each θ
iangle is divided equally and is done " intermittent rotary " motion, in each intermittent rotary cycle, the first laser measuring head and the second laser measuring head respectively also can while on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam, do faster reciprocal motion measure.On-line measurement in planar conjugate cam ground, makes planar conjugate cam rotate 1 week with each θ
iangle divide equally do slow continuous rotation motion, the first laser measuring head and the second laser measuring head do faster reciprocal motion respectively and measure on the axial internal and external contour line of planar conjugate cam.The rotary speed of planar conjugate cam is 1 turn/60 points to 1 turn/20 points.The speed of the linear reciprocating motion of the first laser measuring head and the second laser measuring head is that 3000 millis are m/min to 10000 millis m/min.
2., according to the outline polar coordinates radial dimension of the inside and outside contour Size calculation out-of-plane conjugate cam of planar conjugate cam recorded and Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension compare with the outer Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension of the planar conjugate cam that will process, draw mismachining tolerance and allowance.Then using the processing zero point of planar conjugate cam outline polar coordinates radial dimension maximum as planar conjugate cam ground.Then drive planar conjugate cam to make outline shift to emery wheel grinding-head place by workbench, complete planar conjugate cam cutting and automatically locate zero point.And automatically determine according to measurement data the processing amount of feeding roughly grinding planar conjugate cam outline.
3. the processing amount of feeding, according to step 2. determined carries out corase grind grinding by the grinding mechanism detecting grinding attachment to the outline of planar conjugate cam, is measured by the Internal periphery of cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device to planar conjugate cam of on-line measuring device simultaneously.
4. after the outline, completing planar conjugate cam carries out corase grind grinding, get back to and process zero point, by the grinding mechanism detecting grinding attachment, corase grind grinding is carried out to the Internal periphery of planar conjugate cam, measured by the outline of cam outline on-line measuring device to planar conjugate cam of on-line measuring device simultaneously.The processing amount of feeding of next step finished plane conjugate cam outline is calculated according to the data measured.
5. after, completing the corase grind grinding of the Internal periphery of planar conjugate cam, get back to and process zero point, according to step 4. in the processing amount of feeding of finished plane conjugate cam outline by the grinding mechanism detecting grinding attachment, fine grinding grinding is carried out to the outline of planar conjugate cam, measured by the Internal periphery of cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device to planar conjugate cam of on-line measuring device simultaneously.The processing amount of feeding of next step finished plane conjugate cam Internal periphery is calculated according to the data measured.
6. after, completing the fine grinding grinding of the outline of planar conjugate cam, get back to and process zero point, according to step 5. in the processing amount of feeding of finished plane conjugate cam Internal periphery by the grinding mechanism detecting grinding attachment, fine grinding grinding is carried out to the outline of planar conjugate cam, measured by the outline of cam outline on-line measuring device to planar conjugate cam of on-line measuring device simultaneously.
7., after the fine grinding grinding of Internal periphery that completes planar conjugate cam, measured by the Internal periphery of cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device to planar conjugate cam of on-line measuring device and calculate planar conjugate cam Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension.According to step 6. in the outline data of planar conjugate cam that record calculate outline polar coordinates radial dimension.By outer for above-mentioned planar conjugate cam, Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension is outer with the planar conjugate cam that will process, Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension compares, show that planar conjugate cam is outer, Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension mismachining tolerance judges that whether processing plane conjugate cam is qualified, if need reparation compensation automatically can repeat above-mentioned corresponding steps carry out further grinding to profile of planar conjugate cam.
Technical scheme based on above-mentioned basic technical scheme is: described step 1. in the first laser measuring head and the second laser measuring head time of measuring once on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam be 0.12 second to 2 seconds.
Technical scheme based on above-mentioned appropriate technical solution is: described step 1. in the on-line measurement of planar conjugate cam inside and outside contour size, the initial position of the first laser measuring head and the second laser measuring head is at X-direction linear motor stator electric x separately
1place, and it is same along front and back on the vertical guide arranged that the first laser measuring head and the second laser measuring head are in.Planar conjugate cam to be processed is made to enter measuring position l by table mechanism along X-axis Y-axis Sports band moving cam rotating mechanism
ui>L
s, l
vi=x
1and l
vi<x
2measure.
Technical scheme based on technique scheme is: with planar conjugate cam optional position θ when 2. described step is measured
ifor measuring zero point, measuring and making planar conjugate cam rotate 1 week with each θ
iangle is divided equally and is rotated, and at each cam rotary course, the first laser measuring head and the second laser measuring head do faster reciprocal motion respectively and measure on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam.First laser measuring head records this θ
i1 group of l of position
1xjaxial outer contour data, the second laser measuring head records this θ
i1 group of l of position
2xjaxial inner outline data, wherein j is the sampling number of laser measuring head at axial profile line, by " going extreme value " and " mean value " data filtering finally draws this θ to often organizing data
ithe l of position
1iand l
2i.
Each θ of planar conjugate cam outline and Internal periphery is recorded by said method
ithe l of angle position
1iand l
2i, and the spacing coordinate l of the installation axis of planar conjugate cam and emery wheel grinding-head axis
ui, the outline polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam can be calculated
1(θ
i)=l
ui+ L
w-l
1i.The Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam
2(θ
i)=l
ui-L
s+ l
2i.By described ρ
1(θ
i) and ρ
2(θ
i) with the outer Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam that will process
1=ρ (θ) and ρ
2=ρ (θ) compares, and draws mismachining tolerance and allowance.
By the planar conjugate cam outline polar coordinates radial dimension maximum ρ recorded
1max(θ
i) point as processing zero point of planar conjugate cam ground, now redefine processing size θ at zero point herein
i=θ
0, outline l
1i=l
10, Internal periphery l
2i=l
20, control plane conjugate cam rotates and is positioned planar conjugate cam angle θ
0, outline l
10with Internal periphery l
20, then planar conjugate cam is positioned at and processes zero point.
Above-mentioned control movable workbench makes planar conjugate cam face reference dimension l
vi=x
0.Controlling the first linear electric motors drives the first laser measuring head to be positioned at l by its mover
vi=x
1place, controls the second linear electric motors and drives the second laser measuring head to be positioned at l by its mover
vi=x
1place, controls movable workbench simultaneously and makes the end face of planar conjugate cam be positioned at x
0place, completes planar conjugate cam cutting and automatically locates zero point.
Technical scheme based on technique scheme is: described step is 3. by after blank planar conjugate cam cutting zero-point positioning to be processed, workbench drives planar conjugate cam to make outline shift to emery wheel grinding-head place, and grinding adopts the motion of control plane conjugate cam 2-axis linkage NC Interpolation and emery wheel grinding-head relative rotary motion to realize planar conjugate cam outline and roughly grinds and cut.The processing amount of feeding is determined according to the allowance of above-mentioned on-line measurement planar conjugate cam blank.While grinding Internal periphery, the second laser measuring head moves reciprocatingly and measures on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam, records the axial inner outline data of planar conjugate cam.
Technical scheme based on technique scheme is: 4. described step completes after above-mentioned blank planar conjugate cam outline corase grind cuts, and workbench drives planar conjugate cam to get back to processing θ at zero point
0place, adopt above-mentioned planar conjugate cam outline roughly grind the method for cutting carry out planar conjugate cam Internal periphery roughly grind cut.While grinding planar conjugate cam Internal periphery corase grind is cut, completed the measurement of planar conjugate cam outer profile size by the first laser measuring head, namely the first laser measuring head moves reciprocatingly and measures on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam, records 1 group of l
1xjaxial profile line data, by " going extreme value " and " mean value " data filtering finally draws the l of this position to often organizing data
1i, draw ρ by above-mentioned formulae discovery
1(θ
i), and then determine the processing amount of feeding of next step fine grinding outline.
Technical scheme based on technique scheme is: described step 5. complete above-mentioned blank planar conjugate cam Internal periphery corase grind cut after, adopt above-mentioned planar conjugate cam outline to roughly grind the method for cutting according to the processing amount of feeding of the above-mentioned fine grinding outline determined and carry out planar conjugate cam outline fine ginding.Completed the measurement of Internal periphery size by the second laser measuring head, namely the second laser measuring head moves reciprocatingly and measures on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam, records 1 group of l simultaneously
2xjaxial profile line data, by " going extreme value " and " mean value " data filtering finally draws the l of this position to often organizing data
2i, draw ρ by above-mentioned formulae discovery
2(θ
i), and then determine the processing amount of feeding of next step fine grinding Internal periphery.
Technical scheme based on technique scheme is: described step carries out the measurement of planar conjugate cam outer profile size while 6. adopting the 4. described method of step to carry out planar conjugate cam Internal periphery fine ginding according to the processing amount of feeding of the above-mentioned fine grinding Internal periphery recorded.
Technical scheme based on technique scheme is: after 7. described step completes the Internal periphery of finished plane conjugate cam, takes the outer profile size ρ of above-mentioned detection method detection plane conjugate cam
1(θ
i) and Internal periphery size ρ
2(θ
i).Simultaneously by described ρ
1(θ
i) and ρ
2(θ
i) Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension ρ outer with the planar conjugate cam that will process
1=ρ (θ) and ρ
2=ρ (θ) compares, and show that the outer Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension mismachining tolerance of planar conjugate cam judges that whether processing plane conjugate cam is qualified, if need to repair compensation automatically can repeat above-mentioned corresponding procedure of processing.
The present invention has positive effect:
(1), this each profile to planar conjugate cam of the present invention hockets the continuous operation method of on-line measurement and grinding, during work, first can by manually planar conjugate cam being fixed on cam rotation mechanism, by corresponding on-line measuring device, successively or simultaneously initial on-line checkingi is carried out to the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam again, or initial on-line checkingi is carried out to a profile of inside and outside contour.Then, can by control system contrast preset control the measuring wheel exterior feature of grinding mechanism to planar conjugate cam with the allowance corresponding to corresponding measured value and carry out grinding.Control system, while certain profile of control grinding, also controls on-line measuring device another profile to planar conjugate cam and carries out corresponding on-line checkingi, thus provide foundation for next step to the grinding of this another profile.Planar conjugate cam is not needed to unload can complete detection from cam rotation mechanism, not only increase operating efficiency, and fully can ensure the conjugacy of planar conjugate cam inside and outside contour size, also effectively improve certainty of measurement and machining accuracy and roughness grade simultaneously.
(2), on-line measuring device of the present invention adopts the method for " laser scanning line survey " to carry out measurement plane conjugate cam overall size, also namely respectively by the first laser measuring head and the second laser measuring head, outer surface in the circumference of planar conjugate cam is measured to the reciprocating of (being also X-direction) about doing simultaneously, and obtain corresponding θ
i2 groups of l of position
1xjand l
2xjaxial profile line data, by " going extreme value " and " mean value " data filtering finally draws this θ to often organizing data
ithe l of position
1iand l
2i, effectively prevent the measure error of tradition " point is surveyed ", further increase certainty of measurement.
(3), the multiple different lifting curve composition of each freedom of inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam, must determine before grinding that an appropriate grinding location starting point (processing zero point) just ensures machining accuracy.In addition, also need to determine corresponding allowance according to the difference of blank dimension size, and determine the grinding amount of feeding at each position of profile of planar conjugate cam according to the distribution of allowance.Method of the present invention adopts planar conjugate cam cutting automatically to locate the inside and outside contour size with automatic detection plane conjugate cam zero point, on-line automaticly determine the thick fine grinding amount of feeding of planar conjugate cam, and the mismachining tolerance after energy on-line measurement planar conjugate cam cutting, realize repairing and tool wear diagnostic function, change tradition and " be determined empirically the processing amount of feeding " and " manual offline inspection " method, greatly improve the efficiency of planar conjugate camshaft grinding, and can effectively improve machining accuracy and roughness grade.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 adopts the profile of planar conjugate cam detection of method of the present invention and the structural representation of abrasive machining device;
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of the table mechanism in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 be detection grinding attachment of the present invention at the same time measurement plane conjugate cam blank inside and outside contour time measuring principle schematic diagram, the first laser measuring head in figure and the second laser measuring head are all positioned at the original position of one of measurement setting in the X direction; The direction of observation of Fig. 3 and the A of Fig. 1 are to identical;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the first laser measuring head measurement plane conjugate cam outline in Fig. 3, and the first laser measuring head in figure is positioned at the final position of a setting of measurement;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of also its Internal periphery of on-line measurement while carrying out grinding to the outline of planar conjugate cam of the detection grinding attachment shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of also its outline of on-line measurement while carrying out grinding to the Internal periphery of planar conjugate cam of the detection grinding attachment shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of control system of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the planar conjugate cam processed when the right of Fig. 1 is observed;
Fig. 9 is control method flow chart.
Mark in above-mentioned accompanying drawing is as follows:
Profile of planar conjugate cam detects and abrasive machining device 1, fuselage 11,
Table mechanism 12, X-axis base 12-1, Y-axis base 12-2, Connection Block 12-3, workbench 12-4, X-axis linear electric motors 12-5, stator 12-5-1, mover 12-5-2, Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6, stator 12-6-1, mover 12-6-2, X-axis line slideway 12-7, Y-axis line slideway 12-8, X-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-9, Y-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-10, X-axis mobility detect grating 12-11, Y-axis mobility detect grating 12-12
Cam rotation mechanism 13, head tree 13-1, the first AC servo motor 13-2, reduction box 13-3, angular encoder 13-4, hold-down nut 13-5,
Detect grinding attachment 10, grinding mechanism 14, grinding workbench 14-1, the second AC servo motor 14-2, governing box 14-3, emery wheel grinding-head 14-4,
On-line measuring device 15, cam outline on-line measuring device 15a, the first laser measuring head 15-1, first linear electric motors 15-3, stator 15-3-1, mover 15-3-2, first linear motor driver 15-5, first connects measuring stick 15-7, cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device 15b, second laser measuring head 15-2, the second linear electric motors 15-4, stator 15-4-1, mover 15-4-2, second linear motor driver 15-6, second connects measuring stick 15-9
Planar conjugate cam 100.
Detailed description of the invention
The description in orientation of the present invention is carried out according to the orientation shown in Fig. 1, and also namely the direction up and down shown in Fig. 1 is the direction up and down of description, and a side of court of Fig. 1 institute is front, and the side deviating from Fig. 1 is rear.
(embodiment 1)
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the profile of planar conjugate cam that the profile of planar conjugate cam detection of the present embodiment and the control method of grinding adopt detects and abrasive machining device 1 comprises control system, detects grinding attachment 10, fuselage 11, travelling table mechanism 12 and cam rotation mechanism 13.Travelling table mechanism 12 is arranged on fuselage 11 and can moves on an x-y plane relative to fuselage 11, described X-Y plane is that (the present embodiment is horizontal plane horizontal by the plane of any angle, namely be 0 degree with the angle of horizontal plane), and the motion carried out is controlled by control system.Cam rotation mechanism 13 is fixedly installed on table mechanism 12 and its action is controlled by control system, detects grinding attachment 10 and to be fixedly installed on fuselage 11 and its action is controlled by control system.
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, table mechanism 12 comprises X-axis base 12-1, Y-axis base 12-2, Connection Block 12-3, workbench 12-4, X-axis linear electric motors 12-5, Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6, X-axis line slideway 12-7, Y-axis line slideway 12-8, X-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-9, Y-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-10, X-axis mobility detect grating 12-11 and Y-axis mobility detect grating 12-12.X-axis base 12-1 is arranged on fuselage 11, and Y-axis base 12-2 is arranged in mutually vertical with X-axis base 12-1 by Connection Block 12-3.X-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-9 is arranged on the downside of Connection Block 12-3, and X-axis line slideway 12-7 is along X to being arranged on on the upside of X-axis base 12-1, and X-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-9 is equipped with on X-axis line slideway 12-7 from top slide downward.The mover 12-5-2 of X-axis linear electric motors 12-5 is fixedly installed on on the upside of X-axis base 12-1, and the stator 12-5-1 of X-axis linear electric motors 12-5 is fixedly installed on the downside of Connection Block 12-3.Drive Connection Block 12-3 along X to horizontal movement by X-axis linear electric motors 12-5.The corresponding site that X-axis mobility detect grating 12-11 is arranged on X-axis line slideway 12-7 forms closed-loop control with X-axis linear electric motors 12-5, is used for detecting the X-axis displacement of Connection Block 12-3.The X-axis mobility detect grating 12-11 of the present embodiment adopts the closed grating of Changchun ray machine digital display company SGC series.Y-axis line slideway 12-8 is arranged on on the downside of Y-axis base 12-2 along Y-direction, and Y-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-10 is arranged on the upside of Connection Block 12-3, and Y-axis straight-line guide rail slide block 12-10 is slidably matched from bottom to top and is arranged on Y-axis line slideway 12-8.The mover 12-6-2 of Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6 is fixedly installed on the upside of Connection Block 12-3, and the stator 12-6-1 of Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6 is fixedly installed on the downside of Y-axis base 12-2.Drive Y-axis base 12-2 along Y-direction horizontal movement by Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6.Workbench 12-4 is fixedly installed on on the upside of Y-axis base 12-2.The corresponding site that Y-axis mobility detect grating 12-12 is arranged on Y-axis line slideway 12-8 forms closed-loop control with Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6, is used for detecting the Y-axis displacement of Y-axis base 12-2.The Y-axis mobility detect grating 12-12 of the present embodiment adopts the closed grating of Changchun ray machine digital display company SGC series.The X-axis mobility detect grating 12-11 of the present embodiment and Y-axis mobility detect grating 12-12 all adopts the closed grating of Changchun ray machine digital display company SGC series.In the present embodiment, X-axis linear electric motors 12-5 and Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6 all adopts Direct driver linear electric motors (DDL) series of Kollmorgen Corporations.
See Fig. 1, cam rotation mechanism 13 comprises head tree 13-1, the first AC servo motor 13-2, reduction box 13-3, angular encoder 13-4 and hold-down nut 13-5.Head tree 13-1 vertical is fixedly installed on the workbench 12-4 of table mechanism 12.First AC servo motor 13-2 is fixedly installed on head tree 13-1.Reduction box 13-3 is fixedly installed on head tree 13-1.The output shaft of reduction box 13-3 along X to setting, and towards right.Angular encoder 13-4 is coaxially arranged on the left end of output shaft, and the angular encoder 13-4 of the present embodiment adopts the auspicious general ZKT11 series photoelectric encoder in Wuxi.Hold-down nut 13-5 screws on the right-hand member of output shaft, and is fixedly clamped on output shaft right-hand member corresponding site by planar conjugate cam 100.Drive reduction box 13-3 by the first AC servo motor 13-2 and drive planar conjugate cam 100 to rotate, by the anglec of rotation of angular encoder 13-4 measurement plane conjugate cam 100 around C axle by the output shaft of reduction box 13-3.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, detect grinding attachment 10 and comprise grinding mechanism 14 and on-line measuring device 15.Grinding mechanism 14 comprises grinding workbench 14-1, the second AC servo motor 14-2, governing box 14-3 and emery wheel grinding-head 14-4.Grinding workbench 14-1 is fixedly installed on fuselage 11.Governing box 14-3 is fixed on grinding workbench 14-1, the output shaft of governing box 14-3 along X to setting, and towards left.Emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 is fixedly installed on the left end of the output shaft of governing box 14-3.Second AC servo motor 14-2 is fixedly installed on grinding workbench 14-1, second AC servo motor 14-2 is connected with the power shaft of governing box 14-3, drive governing box 14-3 by the second AC servo motor 14-2 and drive emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 to rotate by the output shaft of governing box 14-3, and the rotating speed being controlled the second AC servo motor 14-2 by control system is to regulate the grinding speed of emery wheel grinding-head 14-4.The first AC servo motor in the present embodiment and the second AC servo motor all adopt the Lexium 23D Series AC servo of Schneider company.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, on-line measuring device 15 comprises cam outline on-line measuring device 15a and cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device 15b.Cam outline on-line measuring device 15a comprises the first laser measuring head 15-1, the first linear electric motors 15-3 and the first linear motor driver 15-5.First linear electric motors 15-3 is fixedly installed on the rear side of grinding workbench 14-1 of grinding mechanism 14 by its stator 15-3-1.First laser measuring head 15-1 connects measuring stick 15-7 by first and is fixedly installed on the mover 15-3-2 of the first linear electric motors 15-3, and the mover 15-3-2 controlling the first linear electric motors 15-3 by the first linear motor driver 15-5 by control system drives the first laser measuring head 15-1 to carry out the outer profile size of X to traverse measurement planar conjugate cam.Cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device 15b comprises the second laser measuring head 15-2, the second linear electric motors 15-4 and the second linear motor driver 15-6.Second linear electric motors 15-4 is fixedly installed on the front side of grinding workbench 14-1 of grinding mechanism 14 by its stator 15-4-1.Second laser measuring head 15-2 connects measuring stick 15-9 by second and is fixedly installed on the mover 15-4-2 of the second linear electric motors 15-4, and the mover 15-4-2 controlling the second linear electric motors 15-4 by the second linear motor driver 15-6 by control system drives the second laser measuring head 15-2 to carry out the Internal periphery size of X to traverse measurement planar conjugate cam.The emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 of the first laser measuring head 15-1, the second laser measuring head 15-2 and grinding mechanism 14 is on same X-Y plane, and the axis of three is parallel to each other, and the axis of planar conjugate cam is positioned on X-Y plane.The first laser measuring head 15-1 of the present embodiment and the second laser measuring head 15-2 all adopts Banner company of U.S. L-GAGE LH series laser ranging figures displacement sensor, and this sensor accuracy class is minimum can reach 1 μm.The first linear electric motors in the present embodiment and the second linear electric motors all adopt Direct driver linear electric motors (DDL) series of Kollmorgen Corporations.
When profile of planar conjugate cam detects and abrasive machining device 1 carries out grinding by the emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 of grinding mechanism 14 of its detection grinding attachment 10 to the outline of planar conjugate cam 100, moved reciprocatingly by the second laser measuring head 15-2 of cam Internal periphery checkout gear 15b along the axis of planar conjugate cam 100 and planar conjugate cam 100 Internal periphery outline line is axially measured, when the emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 that profile of planar conjugate cam detects and abrasive machining device 1 detects the grinding mechanism 14 of grinding attachment 10 by it carries out grinding to the Internal periphery of planar conjugate cam 100, by the first laser measuring head 15-1 axially moving reciprocatingly and measuring planar conjugate cam 100 outline outline line axially at planar conjugate cam 100 of cam outline checkout gear 15a, when cam rotates a circle, then detect grinding attachment 10 can carry out on-line checkingi in the circumferential to the size of a profile in the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam 100 simultaneously and carry out grinding to another profile in the inside and outside contour of planar conjugate cam 100.See Fig. 7, control system comprises high-speed counting card, laser displacement sensor capture card, motion control card, industrial computer, PLC, switching value control module, fault detection module and touch-screen man-machine interface.The high-speed counting card of the present embodiment adopts Yan Hua company PCI-1784U, laser displacement sensor capture card adopts Yan Hua company PCI-1710HGU, motion control card adopts Yan Hua company PCI-1245, industrial computer adopts and grinds magnificent ARK series built-in industrial control machine, and PLC adopts the M258 high-performance PLC of Schneider company.
X-axis mobility detect grating 12-11, Y-axis mobility detect grating 12-12 and angular encoder 13-4 are electrically connected with high-speed counting card signal, and high-speed counting card is electrically connected with industrial computer signal.Planar conjugate cam 100 rotary angle signal that high-speed counting card detects for the XY axial displacement signal and angular encoder 13-4 gathering X-axis mobility detect grating 12-11 and Y-axis mobility detect grating 12-12 detection, then the signal gathered is input to industrial computer.
First laser measuring head 21 and the second laser measuring head 22 are electrically connected with laser displacement sensor capture card signal, and laser displacement sensor capture card is electrically connected with industrial computer signal.Distance signal between the second laser measuring head 22 that laser displacement sensor capture card detects in real time for the distance signal between the first laser measuring head 21 of gathering the first laser measuring head 15-1 and detecting in real time and planar conjugate cam 100 outline and the second laser measuring head 15-2 and planar conjugate cam 100 Internal periphery, and signal is input to industrial computer.
X-axis linear motor driver, Y-axis linear motor driver, the first AC servo motor 13-2, the second AC servo motor 14-2, the first linear motor driver 15-5 and the second linear motor driver 15-6 are electrically connected with motion control card signal.Motion control card controls the action of X-axis linear electric motors 12-5 by X-axis linear motor driver, and then controls workbench 12-4 in X action upwards; Motion control card controls the action of Y-axis linear electric motors 12-6 by Y-axis linear motor driver, and then controls the action of workbench 12-4 in Y-direction.Motion control card controls the action of the first AC servo motor 13-2 by the first AC servo machinery driving device, and then control plane conjugate cam 100 is around the spinning movement of C axle.Motion control card controls the action of the second AC servo motor 14-2 by the second AC servo machinery driving device, and then controls the action of emery wheel grinding-head 14-4.Motion control card controls the first linear electric motors 15-3 action by the first linear motor driver 15-5, and then controls the first laser measuring head 15-1 in X action upwards.Motion control card controls the second linear electric motors 15-4 action by the second linear motor driver 26, and then controls the second laser measuring head 15-2 in X action upwards.Motion control card is electrically connected with industrial computer signal.
Industrial computer is connected with PLC by communication interface.Fault detection module is electrically connected with PLC signal; Switching value control module is electrically connected with PLC two-way signaling; Touch-screen man-machine interface is electrically connected with PLC two-way signaling.
See Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the benchmark spacing of the axis of the first laser measuring head 15-1 and emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 is L
w, the benchmark spacing of the axis of the second laser measuring head 15-6 and emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 is L
s, be θ in the anglec of rotation of described planar conjugate cam 100
itime, the spacing of the installation axis of planar conjugate cam 100 and the axis of emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 is l
ui, the spacing of planar conjugate cam 100 end face and grinding workbench 14-1Y axis is l
vi, the outline of the planar conjugate cam 100 of on-line measurement and the pitch measurements of the first laser measuring head 15-1 are l
1i, planar conjugate cam 100 Internal periphery of on-line measurement and the pitch measurements of the second laser measuring head 15-2 are l
2i, 0 °≤θ
i≤ 360 °, θ
i=360/n, i=1,2,3......, n; N detects θ in the process that rotates a circle of planar conjugate cam 100 simultaneously
i, l
1iand l
2ithe number of times of measured value, the value of n is larger, and the polar coordinates radial dimension data of planar conjugate cam 100 inside and outside contour recorded are more accurate.
See Fig. 3 to Fig. 9, above-mentioned profile of planar conjugate cam detects and the accuracy control method of abrasive machining device comprises the following steps:
1., planar conjugate cam inside and outside contour size on-line measurement: terminate with grinding before on-line measurement is divided into planar conjugate cam 100 grinding to measure in rear and grinding work; State after terminating with grinding before planar conjugate cam 100 grinding, makes planar conjugate cam 100 rotate 1 week with each θ
iangle is divided equally and is done " intermittent rotary " motion, in each intermittent rotary cycle, the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 respectively also can while on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100, do faster reciprocal motion measure; On-line measurement in planar conjugate cam 100 grinding, makes planar conjugate cam 100 rotate 1 week with each θ
iangle divide equally do slow continuous rotation motion, the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 does faster reciprocal motion respectively and measures on the axial internal and external contour line of planar conjugate cam 100;
The rotary speed of planar conjugate cam 100 is 1 turn/60 points to 1 turn/20 points; The speed of the linear reciprocating motion of the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 is that 3000 millis are m/min to 10000 millis m/min; First laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 time of measuring once on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100 is 0.12 second to 2 seconds.
The initial position of the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 is at X-direction linear motor stator electric x separately
1place, and it is same along front and back on the vertical guide arranged that the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 is in.Blank planar conjugate cam 100 to be processed is made to enter measuring position l by table mechanism 12 along X-axis Y-axis Sports band moving cam rotating mechanism 13
ui>L
s, l
vi=x
1and l
vi<x
2measure.
2., planar conjugate cam cutting is located zero point automatically: with planar conjugate cam 100 optional position θ during measurement
ifor measuring zero point, measuring and making planar conjugate cam 100 rotate 1 week with each θ
iangle is divided equally and rotated (does intermittent rotary motion before and after cam ground, slow circumvolve motion is done) in cam ground, at each cam rotary course, the first laser measuring head 15-1 and the second laser measuring head 15-2 does faster reciprocal motion respectively and measures on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100.First laser measuring head 15-1 records this θ
i1 group of l of position
1xjaxial outer contour data, the second laser measuring head 15-2 records this θ
i1 group of l of position
2xjaxial inner outline data, wherein j is the sampling number of laser measuring head at axial profile line, by " going extreme value " and " mean value " data filtering finally draws this θ to often organizing data
ithe l of position
1iand l
2i.The measuring method of this " laser scanning line survey " profile of planar conjugate cam size can avoid the measure error of tradition " point is surveyed ", effectively improves certainty of measurement.
Each θ of planar conjugate cam 100 outline and Internal periphery is recorded by said method
ithe l of angle position
1iand l
2i, and the spacing coordinate l of the installation axis of planar conjugate cam 100 and emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 axis
ui, the outline polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam 100 can be calculated
1(θ
i)=l
ui+ L
w-l
1i; The Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam 100
2(θ
i)=l
ui-L
s+ l
2i.By described ρ
1(θ
i) and ρ
2(θ
i) with the outer Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam 100 that will process
1=ρ (θ) and ρ
2=ρ (θ) compares, and draws mismachining tolerance and allowance.
By the planar conjugate cam 100 outline polar coordinates radial dimension maximum ρ recorded
1max(θ
i) point as processing zero point of planar conjugate cam 100 grinding, now redefine processing size θ at zero point herein
i=θ
0, outline l
1i=l
10, Internal periphery l
2i=l
20, control plane conjugate cam 100 rotates and is positioned planar conjugate cam 100 rotational angle theta
0, outline l
10with Internal periphery l
20, then planar conjugate cam 100 is positioned at and processes zero point;
Control workbench 12-4 moves and makes planar conjugate cam 100 end standard size l
vi=x
0.Controlling the first linear electric motors 15-3 drives the first laser measuring head 15-1 to be positioned at l by its mover
vi=x
1place, controls the second linear electric motors 15-4 and drives the second laser measuring head 15-2 to be positioned at l by its mover
vi=x
1place, control workbench 12-4 moves and makes the end face of planar conjugate cam 100 be positioned at x simultaneously
0place, completes planar conjugate cam 100 and processes zero point and automatically locate.
3., planar conjugate cam outline is roughly ground and is automatically determined planar conjugate cam Internal periphery corase grind allowance: after processing zero-point positioning by above-mentioned blank planar conjugate cam 100, workbench 12-4 drives planar conjugate cam 100 to make outline shift to emery wheel grinding-head 14-4 place, and grinding adopts control plane conjugate cam 100 2-axis linkage NC Interpolation motion (also namely workbench Y-axis moves and cam rotating shaft C axle rotates) and emery wheel grinding-head 11 relative rotary motion to realize planar conjugate cam 100 outline and roughly grinds and cut.The processing amount of feeding is determined according to the allowance of above-mentioned on-line measurement planar conjugate cam 100 blank.Adopt " the synchronous grinding of profile and on-line checkingi work continuously processing technology " namely while grinding planar conjugate cam 100 outline simultaneously, second laser measuring head 15-2 moves reciprocatingly and measures on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100, records the axial inner outline data of planar conjugate cam 100.
4., planar conjugate cam Internal periphery corase grind and automatically determine planar conjugate cam outline fine grinding surplus: complete after above-mentioned blank planar conjugate cam 100 outline corase grind cuts, workbench 12-4 drives planar conjugate cam 100 to get back to processing θ at zero point
0place, adopt above-mentioned planar conjugate cam 100 outline roughly grind the method for cutting carry out planar conjugate cam 100 Internal periphery roughly grind cut.Adopt " the synchronous grinding of profile and on-line checkingi work continuously processing technology " simultaneously, namely while grinding planar conjugate cam 100 Internal periphery corase grind is cut, the measurement of planar conjugate cam 100 outer profile size is completed by the first laser measuring head 15-1, namely the first laser measuring head 15-1 moves reciprocatingly and measures on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100, records 1 group of l
1xjaxial profile line data, by " going extreme value " and " mean value " data filtering finally draws the l of this position to often organizing data
1i, draw ρ by above-mentioned formulae discovery
1(θ
i), and then determine the processing amount of feeding of next step fine grinding outline.
5., planar conjugate cam outline fine grinding and automatically determine planar conjugate cam Internal periphery fine grinding surplus: complete above-mentioned blank planar conjugate cam 100 Internal periphery corase grind cut after, adopt above-mentioned planar conjugate cam 100 outline to roughly grind the method for cutting according to the processing amount of feeding of the above-mentioned fine grinding outline determined and carry out planar conjugate cam 100 outline fine ginding.Completed the measurement of Internal periphery size by the second laser measuring head 15-2, namely the second laser measuring head 15-2 moves reciprocatingly and measures on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam 100, records 1 group of l simultaneously
2xjaxial profile line data, by " going extreme value " and " mean value " data filtering finally draws the l of this position to often organizing data
2i, draw ρ by above-mentioned formulae discovery
2(θ
i), and then determine the processing amount of feeding of next step fine grinding Internal periphery.
6., planar conjugate cam Internal periphery fine grinding and automatically detection plane conjugate cam outer profile size: the measurement carrying out planar conjugate cam 100 outer profile size while adopting the 4. described method of step to carry out planar conjugate cam 100 Internal periphery fine ginding according to the processing amount of feeding of the above-mentioned fine grinding Internal periphery recorded.
7., the online error measure of planar conjugate cam inside and outside contour size and reparation compensate: after completing the Internal periphery of finished plane conjugate cam (100), take above-mentioned detection method detection plane conjugate cam 100 outer profile size ρ
1(θ
i) and Internal periphery size ρ
2(θ
i).Simultaneously by described ρ
1(θ
i) and ρ
2(θ
i) with the planar conjugate cam 100 outer Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension ρ that will process
1=ρ (θ) and ρ
2=ρ (θ) compares, and show that planar conjugate cam 100 outer Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension mismachining tolerance judges that whether processing plane conjugate cam 100 is qualified, if need to repair compensation automatically can repeat above-mentioned corresponding procedure of processing.If detect after batch planar conjugate cam cutting and all occur that error is excessive, now emery wheel grinding-head serious wear is described, for the surplus of mismachining tolerance, appropriate feed compensation can be carried out to emery wheel grinding-head.If also there is obvious mismachining tolerance, system prompt emery wheel grinding-head serious wear after compensating, need to change emery wheel grinding-head cutter.
Above embodiment is used for illustrative purposes only; but not limitation of the present invention; person skilled in the relevant technique without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; various conversion and change can also be made; can also transform accordingly according to the inspiration of above-described embodiment in embody rule process, therefore all equivalent technical schemes all should be included within scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. profile of planar conjugate cam detects and the accuracy control method of abrasive machining device, it is characterized in that: the profile of planar conjugate cam detection of employing and abrasive machining device comprise control system, fuselage (11), the table mechanism (12) that can move along X-axis Y-axis be arranged on fuselage (11), the detection grinding attachment (10) that is fixedly installed on the cam rotation mechanism (13) on table mechanism (12) and is fixedly installed on fuselage (11); Described control system controls table mechanism (12), cam rotation mechanism (13) and detects the action of grinding attachment (10); Detect grinding attachment (10) and comprise grinding mechanism (14) and on-line measuring device (15);
Grinding mechanism (14) comprises grinding workbench (14-1) and emery wheel grinding-head (14-4); Grinding workbench (14-1) is fixedly installed on fuselage (11); On-line measuring device (15) comprises cam outline on-line measuring device (15a) and cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device (15b); Cam outline on-line measuring device (15a) comprises the first laser measuring head (15-1), the first linear electric motors (15-3) and the first linear motor driver (15-5); First linear electric motors (15-3) are fixedly installed on the rear side of grinding workbench (14-1) of grinding mechanism (14) by its stator (15-3-1); First laser measuring head (15-1) connects measuring stick (15-7) by first and is fixedly installed on the mover (15-3-2) of the first linear electric motors (15-3), and the mover (15-3-2) controlling the first linear electric motors (15-3) by the first linear motor driver (15-5) by control system drives the first laser measuring head (15-1) to carry out the outer profile size of X to traverse measurement planar conjugate cam; Cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device (15b) comprises the second laser measuring head (15-2), the second linear electric motors (15-4) and the second linear motor driver (15-6); Second linear electric motors (15-4) are fixedly installed on the front side of grinding workbench (15-4-1) of grinding mechanism (15-4) by its stator (15-4-1); Second laser measuring head (15-2) connects measuring stick (15-9) by second and is fixedly installed on the mover (15-4-2) of the second linear electric motors (15-4), and the mover (15-4-2) controlling the second linear electric motors (15-4) by the second linear motor driver (15-6) by control system drives the second laser measuring head (15-2) to carry out the Internal periphery size of X to traverse measurement planar conjugate cam; First laser measuring head (15-1), the second laser measuring head (15-2) are on same X-Y plane with the emery wheel grinding-head (14-4) of grinding mechanism (14), and the axis of three is parallel to each other, and the axis of planar conjugate cam is positioned on X-Y plane;
First laser measuring head (15-1) is L with the benchmark spacing of the axis of emery wheel grinding-head (14-4)
w, the second laser measuring head (15-6) is L with the benchmark spacing of the axis of emery wheel grinding-head (14-4)
s, be θ in the anglec of rotation of described planar conjugate cam (100)
itime, the spacing of the installation axis of planar conjugate cam (100) and the axis of emery wheel grinding-head (14-4) is l
ui, the spacing of planar conjugate cam (100) end face and grinding workbench (14-1) Y-axis line is l
vi, the outline of the planar conjugate cam (100) of on-line measurement and the pitch measurements of the first laser measuring head (15-1) are l
1i, planar conjugate cam (100) Internal periphery of on-line measurement and the pitch measurements of the second laser measuring head (15-2) are l
2i, 0 °≤θ
i≤ 360 °, θ
i=360/n, i=1,2,3......, n; N detects θ in the process that rotates a circle of planar conjugate cam 100 simultaneously
i, l
1iand l
2ithe number of times of measured value;
Above-mentioned profile of planar conjugate cam detects and the control method of abrasive machining device has following steps:
1., by detecting the on-line measuring device (15) of grinding attachment (10) to the on-line measurement of planar conjugate cam (100) inside and outside contour size; Terminate with grinding before on-line measurement is divided into planar conjugate cam (100) grinding to measure in rear and grinding work; Before planar conjugate cam (100) grinding, terminate rear state with grinding, make planar conjugate cam (100) rotate 1 week with each θ
iangle divide equally do " intermittent rotary " motion, in each intermittent rotary cycle, the first laser measuring head (15-1) and the second laser measuring head (15-2) also can do faster reciprocal motion respectively simultaneously and measure on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam (100); On-line measurement in planar conjugate cam (100) grinding, makes planar conjugate cam (100) rotate 1 week with each θ
iangle is divided equally and is done the motion of slow continuous rotation, and the first laser measuring head (15-1) and the second laser measuring head (15-2) do faster reciprocal motion respectively and measure on the axial internal and external contour line of planar conjugate cam (100); The rotary speed of planar conjugate cam (100) is 1 turn/60 points to 1 turn/20 points; The speed of the linear reciprocating motion of the first laser measuring head (15-1) and the second laser measuring head (15-2) is that 3000 millis are m/min to 10000 millis m/min; The initial position of the first laser measuring head (15-1) and the second laser measuring head (15-2) is at X-direction linear motor stator electric x separately
1place, and make the first laser measuring head (15-1) and the second laser measuring head (15-2) be in same along front and back on the vertical guide arranged; Along X-axis Y-axis Sports band moving cam rotating mechanism (13), planar conjugate to be processed convex (100) is taken turns by table mechanism (12) and enter measuring position l
ui>L
s, l
vi=x
1and l
vi<x
2measure;
2., according to the outline polar coordinates radial dimension of inside and outside contour Size calculation out-of-plane conjugate cam (100) of planar conjugate cam (100) recorded and Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension compare with the outer Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension of the planar conjugate cam (100) that will process, draw mismachining tolerance and allowance; Then using the processing zero point of planar conjugate cam (100) outline polar coordinates radial dimension maximum as planar conjugate cam (100) grinding; With planar conjugate cam (100) optional position θ during measurement
ifor measuring zero point, measuring and making planar conjugate cam (100) rotate 1 week with each θ
iangle is divided equally and is rotated, at each cam rotary course, the first laser measuring head (15-1) and the second laser measuring head (15-2) do faster reciprocal motion respectively and measure on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam (100); First laser measuring head (15-1) records this θ
i1 group of l of position
1xjaxial outer contour data, the second laser measuring head (15-2) records this θ
i1 group of l of position
2xjaxial inner outline data, wherein j is the sampling number of laser measuring head at axial profile line, by " going extreme value " and " mean value " data filtering finally draws this θ to often organizing data
ithe l of position
1iand l
2i;
Each θ of planar conjugate cam (100) outline and Internal periphery is recorded by said method
ithe l of angle position
1iand l
2i, and the spacing coordinate l of the installation axis of planar conjugate cam (100) and emery wheel grinding-head (14-4) axis
ui, the outline polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam (100) can be calculated
1(θ
i)=l
ui+ L
w-l
1i; The Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam (100)
2(θ
i)=l
ui-L
s+ l
2i; By described ρ
1(θ
i) and ρ
2(θ
i) with the outer Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension ρ of planar conjugate cam (100) that will process
1=ρ (θ) and ρ
2=ρ (θ) compares, and draws mismachining tolerance and allowance;
By planar conjugate cam (100) the outline polar coordinates radial dimension maximum ρ recorded
1max(θ
i) point as processing zero point of planar conjugate cam ground, now redefine processing size θ at zero point herein
i=θ
0, outline l
1i=l
10, Internal periphery l
2i=l
20, control plane conjugate cam (100) rotates and is positioned planar conjugate cam angle θ
0, outline l
10with Internal periphery l
20, then planar conjugate cam (100) is positioned at and processes zero point;
Above-mentioned control workbench (12-4) is mobile makes planar conjugate cam face reference dimension l
vi=x
0; Controlling the first linear electric motors (15-3) drives the first laser measuring head (15-1) to be positioned at l by its mover
vi=x
1place, controls the second linear electric motors (15-4) and drives the second laser measuring head (15-2) to be positioned at l by its mover
vi=x
1place, controls workbench (12-4) movement simultaneously and makes the end face of planar conjugate cam (100) be positioned at x
0place, completes planar conjugate cam (100) processing and automatically locates zero point; And automatically determine according to measurement data the processing amount of feeding roughly grinding planar conjugate cam (100) outline;
3. the processing amount of feeding, according to step 2. determined carries out corase grind grinding by the outline of grinding mechanism (14) to planar conjugate cam (100) detecting grinding attachment (10), is measured by the Internal periphery of cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device (15b) to planar conjugate cam (100) of on-line measuring device (15) simultaneously;
4. after the outline, completing planar conjugate cam (100) carries out corase grind grinding, get back to and process zero point, carry out corase grind grinding by the Internal periphery of grinding mechanism (14) to planar conjugate cam (100) detecting grinding attachment (10), measured by the outline of cam outline on-line measuring device (15a) to planar conjugate cam (100) of on-line measuring device (15) simultaneously; The processing amount of feeding of next step finished plane conjugate cam (100) outline is calculated according to the data measured;
5. after, completing the corase grind grinding of the Internal periphery of planar conjugate cam (100), get back to and process zero point, according to step 4. in the processing amount of feeding of finished plane conjugate cam (100) outline carry out fine grinding grinding by the outline of grinding mechanism (14) to planar conjugate cam (100) detecting grinding attachment (10), measured by the Internal periphery of cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device (15b) to planar conjugate cam (100) of on-line measuring device (15) simultaneously; The processing amount of feeding of next step finished plane conjugate cam (100) Internal periphery is calculated according to the data measured;
6. after, completing the fine grinding grinding of the outline of planar conjugate cam (100), get back to and process zero point, according to step 5. in the processing amount of feeding of finished plane conjugate cam (100) Internal periphery carry out fine grinding grinding by the outline of grinding mechanism (14) to planar conjugate cam (100) detecting grinding attachment (10), measured by the outline of cam outline on-line measuring device (15a) to planar conjugate cam (100) of on-line measuring device (15) simultaneously;
7., after the fine grinding grinding of Internal periphery that completes planar conjugate cam (100), measured by the Internal periphery of cam Internal periphery on-line measuring device (15b) to planar conjugate cam (100) of on-line measuring device (15) and calculate planar conjugate cam (100) Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension; According to step 6. in the outline data of planar conjugate cam (100) that record calculate outline polar coordinates radial dimension; By above-mentioned planar conjugate cam (100) outward, Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension and the planar conjugate cam (100) that will process outward, Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension compares, draw planar conjugate cam (100) outward, Internal periphery polar coordinates radial dimension mismachining tolerance judges that whether processing plane conjugate cam (100) qualified, automatically can repeat above-mentioned corresponding steps if need to repair compensation further grinding is carried out to planar conjugate cam (100) profile.
2. profile of planar conjugate cam according to claim 1 detects and the accuracy control method of abrasive machining device, it is characterized in that: described step 1. in the first laser measuring head (15-1) and the second laser measuring head (15-2) time of measuring once on the axial profile line of planar conjugate cam (100) be 0.12 second to 2 seconds.
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| CN201310048860.8A CN103144034B (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2013-02-07 | Control method for planar conjugate cam contour detecting and grinding device |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103144034A (en) | 2013-06-12 |
| CN104742016A (en) | 2015-07-01 |
| CN104742017B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
| CN103144034B (en) | 2015-04-29 |
| CN104742016B (en) | 2017-04-12 |
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