CN104734692B - Based on frequency-difference method and DDS the high sampling rate equivalent sampling method realized and system - Google Patents
Based on frequency-difference method and DDS the high sampling rate equivalent sampling method realized and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of equivalent sampling method and system, this method are based on frequency-difference method principle, the two paths of signals produced on same frequency benchmark, by processing, all the way as sampled clock signal, all the way as signal to be sampled.Two paths of signals difference on the frequency very little can be made, each signal period to be sampled is once sampled, by multiple sequential sampling, obtain complete, time explanation signal waveform to be sampled, realize sequential equivalent；Two signal frequencies can also be made to have multiple proportion, each signal period to be sampled carries out multiple repairing weld, then carries out permutation and combination to sampled data, recovers the signal waveform to be sampled of time explanation, while pseudorandom equivalent sampling is realized, the equivalent sampling time is reduced.The present invention can be widely used in using cyclic pulse signal as through-wall radar, Anticollision Radar of measurement carrier etc., and GPR, time-domain reflectomer of measurement carrier etc. are used as using periodical continuous wave signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind based on frequency-difference method and DDS (Direct Digital frequency Synthesis, directly
Digital Frequency Synthesize) realize high sampling rate equivalent sampling method and system, specifically, devise a kind of to cyclical signal
Carry out the method and system of equivalent sampling.This method is applied to the equivalent sampling of cyclical signal.
Background technology
Generally there are two methods to the data acquisition of signal waveform：Real-time sampling and equivalent sampling；Wherein, equivalent sampling is again
It is divided into three kinds, sequential equivalent, pseudorandom equivalent sampling and random equivalent are sampled, wherein, pseudorandom equivalent sampling can be seen
Work is improved sequential equivalent.
Current sequential equivalent method can be divided into two kinds of implementations, a kind of time domain mode, a kind of frequency domain mode.
Time domain implementation is comprising using delay chip realization, using the realization of oblique wave comparison method and using special process method realization etc.；Frequently
Domain implementation, which is included, to be realized using frequency-difference method, using frequency step method realization etc..As number of patent application is
201410001964.8 patent described in, using cascade delay chip realize；As article is entitled《Time-domain reflectomer high accuracy stepping
Delay system is designed》It is described, employ oblique wave comparison method and produce stepping delay；As article is entitled《Surveyed based on DDFS and permanent precision
The equivalent sampling system design of frequency method》It is described, employ frequency-difference method and realize equivalent sampling；As paper is entitled《Frequency step is through walls
Radar system design and simulation study》It is described, equivalent sampling is realized using frequency step method.
Current time domain mode realizes that sequential equivalent method has problems with the application：
1st, stepping delay stepsize is long, and equivalent sampling rate is low.Equivalent high sampling rate is realized using the chip of low sampling rate, it is necessary to
The stepping delay of accurate control sampled clock signal/signal to be sampled.Realize that the chip or oblique wave of stepping delay compare at present
Method, its equivalent stepping delay stepsize is long, it is impossible to realize high-precision stepping delay stepsize control, the equivalent sampling finally realized
Rate is low；
2nd, stepping delay stepsize precision is low.Conventional delay circuit realizes there is delay core using Special time delay chip
Piece delay precision is not high, and the delay unit amount of different delayed time chip has deviation, and this will cause delay precision low, and the linearity
Difference, influences the sampling quality of signal, and then influence the measurement accuracy of system；
3rd, stepping delayed time system is needed, control is complicated.Realize that the method for stepping delay includes delay chip method, oblique wave and compared
Method and special process method etc., these methods, which are implemented, controls relative complex, especially total stepping to be delayed than larger, it is necessary to enter
During row cascade Mach-Zehnder interferometer, control is complicated.
Current frequency domain mode realizes that sequential equivalent method has problems with the application：
1st, frequency-difference method needs a high-precision frequency input signal measurement module.The frequency-difference method measurement of traditional sense, is needed
A measurement frequency input signal measurement module is wanted, a sampled clock signal close with frequency input signal is produced afterwards, it is real
Existing equivalent sampling；
2nd, frequency step method needs to produce a continuous step frequency signal, and the cycle of the signal is continuously changing, meeting
With certain spurious frequency, larger shake can be brought during final output, signal quality is reduced, causes equivalent sampling rate low.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, this patent uses frequency-difference method implementation, it is proposed that unique thinking, it will turn the problem of time domain
Frequency domain processing is moved on to, and is simplified being handled the problem of frequency domain.It is proposed by the present invention a kind of to be realized based on frequency-difference method and DDS
High sampling rate equivalent sampling method and system, the problem of solving high-speed sampling chip price height and be difficult to obtain, are solved existing
There is time domain method to realize the problem of equivalent sampling needs delayed time system and not high delay precision, reduce system complexity, improve
The stability of a system；The problem of needing high-precision signal frequency measuring block this invention also solves frequency-difference method, solves frequency steps
Enter the signal jitter that the spurious frequency of method is introduced, drastically increase the equivalent sampling rate of system.
It is proposed by the present invention a kind of based on frequency-difference method and DDS the high sampling rate equivalent sampling method realized and system, can be with
Realize very high sample rate, it is adaptable to which sequential sampling is carried out to periodic continuous wave signal and pulse signal, be equipped with high bandwidth,
The sampling head or sample circuit of low jitter, it is possible to achieve the measurement of high-precision spatial and temporal resolution.Electronics shake very little or
In the case that person does not consider shake, it is possible to achieve more than 1000GS/s equivalent sampling rate.
Method and system proposed by the present invention, can be widely used in all types of radars, for example with recurrent pulses
Signal as measurement carrier through-wall radar, Anticollision Radar etc., using spy of the periodical continuous wave signal as measurement carrier
Radar, time-domain reflectomer etc..
The occasion required to data acquisition time, sample clock frequency and signal frequency to be sampled can be improved simultaneously,
Sample clock frequency can also be only improved, in the latter case, sampling is pseudorandom equivalent sampling, the recovery to sampled data
Combination, just more relatively cumbersome, specific data recovery combination may be referred to patent application publication number and be
Described in CN103634006A patent.
The content of the invention
The present invention overcomes the problem of prior art is present, and proposes a kind of based on frequency-difference method and DDS high sampling rate realized etc.
The method of sampling and system are imitated, this method is realized by the frequency-difference method of frequency domain.The use of this method, solves existing time domain method real
The problem of existing equivalent sampling needs delayed time system and not high delay precision, reduces system complexity, improves the stability of a system；
The present invention solves the problem of frequency-difference method needs high-precision signal frequency measuring block, solves the spurious frequency of frequency step method
The signal jitter of introducing, drastically increases the equivalent sampling rate of system.
The present invention technical solution be：
A kind of high sampling rate equivalent sampling method realized based on frequency-difference method and DDS, it is particular in that：Including following
Step：
1) one high steady clock reference is produced；
2) according to high steady clock reference, signal generator module U2 produces two paths of signals, signal is filtered, waveform is changed
Processing；Wherein all the way as sampled clock signal, reflection of another road Jing Guo module to be measured is used as signal to be sampled；Signal is produced
Raw module U2 includes carrying binary channels output, high-frequency control word, high phase place control word, high-resolution DAC DDS chips, or
Person is the output of two panels single track, high-frequency control word, high phase place control word, high-resolution DAC DDS chips；
The frequency of the two paths of signals is determined in the following manner according to sample mode difference：
Treated if carrying out difference on the frequency very little and sampled clock signal frequency between sequential equivalent, two paths of signals and being less than
Sampling signal frequency；
If carrying out pseudorandom equivalent sampling, sampled clock signal frequency is the approximate multiple N of signal frequency to be sampled；
3) according to the control of sampled clock signal, data collecting system is treated sampled signal and sampled, and obtains hits
According to；
If 4) carry out sequential equivalent, sampled data is arranged and exported in order；
If carrying out pseudorandom equivalent sampling, permutation and combination is carried out to sampled data and is exported.
The step of also including regulation equivalent sampling rate：By adjusting the difference on the frequency between two paths of signals, realize different etc.
Imitate sample rate.
The step of also including the reduction equivalent sampling time：By adjusting sampled clock signal frequency and signal frequency to be sampled
Between N multiple proportions, total equivalent sampling time of system can be reduced with N times.
The step of also including regulation first sampling point：By adjusting phase difference and delay, realize that different starting points start
Sampling.
A kind of high sampling rate equivalent sampling system realized based on frequency-difference method and DDS, it is particular in that：Including clock
Base modules U1, signal generator module U2, input/output module U3, data acquisition module U4, data processing module U5 and control
Module U6；
The clock reference module U1 produces one high steady clock reference, and sends into signal generator module U2；
The signal generator module U2 produces two paths of signals according to high steady clock reference, and signal is filtered, waveform
The processing such as conversion, wherein signal sends into data acquisition module U4 as sampled clock signal all the way, another road signal is by input
Output module U3 sends into module U7 to be measured, and its signal reflex part is used as data acquisition module U4's by input/output module U3
Signal to be sampled；
The output signal of the control module U6 control signal generation modules U2, U5 is to hits for control data processing module
According to progress permutation and combination；
The sampled data that the data processing module U5 is exported to data acquisition module U4 carries out permutation and combination, when recovering
Between broadening signal waveform to be sampled.
The signal generator module U2 includes carrying binary channels output, high-frequency control word, high phase place control word, high-resolution
Rate DAC DDS chips, or the output of two panels single track, high-frequency control word, high phase place control word, high-resolution DAC DDS
Chip；Difference on the frequency, phase difference and the delay that the control module U6 is adjusted by signal generator module U2 between two paths of signals are joined
Number.
Advantage for present invention：
1st, the present invention realizes equivalent high sampling rate using frequency-difference method, relative to traditional time domain, frequency domain implementation method, reduction
System complexity, improves the stability of system, drastically increases the equivalent sampling rate of system；
2nd, the present invention is realized using frequency-difference method, is realized relative to time domain approach, with the obvious advantage.Time domain approach is for delay
Control, is difficult to realize, frequency difference rule is different, poor by regulating frequency, can realize very much 10ps's easily very much less than 10ps
Stepping is delayed, in the case where electronics shakes very little or do not consider shake, it might even be possible to reach that the stepping better than 1ps is prolonged
When, so as to realize very high sequential equivalent rate；
3rd, the present invention produces two paths of signals using high stability crystal oscillator as clock source benchmark using DDS chips, two paths of signals it
Between the Parameter adjustable such as difference on the frequency, phase difference and delay, and keep stable in transmitting procedure, wherein all the way as sampling when
Clock signal, another road is used as signal to be sampled；
4th, the DDS chips that the present invention is used, with very high frequency control word, phase control words, it is possible to achieve high frequency
Rate resolution ratio, can be as needed, the difference on the frequency between the two paths of signals for the output for changing DDS.When the frequency between two paths of signals
Rate difference very little, by adjusting the difference on the frequency between two paths of signals, it is possible to achieve different sequential equivalent rates, by adjusting phase
Potential difference and delay can be measured since different starting points；It is real when the frequency between two paths of signals has approximate multiple N relation
Existing pseudorandom equivalent sampling, under identical equivalent sampling rate, the pseudorandom equivalent sampling time is that sequential equivalent is taken
Between 1/N, by adjusting two paths of signals frequency, realize different pseudorandom equivalent sampling rates, and shorten pseudorandom equivalent sampling
The required time.
5th, the DDS chips that the present invention is used, can be as needed, produces various continuous waves and pulse signal, realizes different
Metering system, applied to different occasions.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is equivalent sampling systematic schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is signal generator module schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is sequential equivalent schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is pseudorandom equivalent sampling data arrangement combinatorial principle figure.
Embodiment
The present invention is used to realize equivalent high sampling rate, and the equivalent sampling method can be widely used in all types of radars,
For example with cyclic pulse signal as through-wall radar, Anticollision Radar of measurement carrier etc., using periodical continuous wave signal
GPR, time-domain reflectomer as measurement carrier etc..
Referring to Fig. 1, the system mainly includes clock reference module U1, signal generator module U2, input/output module U3, number
According to acquisition module U4, data processing module U5, control module U6, module U7 to be measured.
Control module U6 control signal generation modules U2 two-way output signal, control data processing module U5, to sampling
Data are arranged, and recover the signal waveform to be sampled of time explanation, and module U7 to be measured property is released according to waveform.
Signal generator module U2 produces signal of the two-way difference on the frequency very little/two-way frequency similar to multiple N relations, final two
Sampled clock signal, to be sampled signal of the road signal respectively as data acquisition module U4, when the difference on the frequency between two paths of signals
Very little, sampled clock signal frequency is less than signal frequency to be sampled, and data order is arranged by data processing module U5, realizes
Sequential equivalent, by adjusting the difference on the frequency between two paths of signals, realizes different sequential equivalent rates；Work as two paths of signals
Between frequency have approximate multiple N relation, sampled clock signal frequency is the multiple of signal frequency to be sampled, at data
Reason module U5 is combined arrangement to data, realizes pseudorandom equivalent sampling；Under identical equivalent sampling rate, pseudorandom is equivalent
Sampling time be sequential equivalent the time required to 1/N.
According to the signal waveform to be sampled of the time explanation recovered, module U7 to be measured property is released.
Below in conjunction with the present invention, principle and its implementation to sequential equivalent method and pseudorandom equivalent sampling method are made
It is specific to introduce.
Signal generator module U2 produces the signal of two-way difference on the frequency very little, and final two paths of signals is respectively as data acquisition module
Difference on the frequency very little between block U4 sampled clock signal, signal to be sampled, two paths of signals, sampled clock signal frequency, which is less than, to be treated
Sampling signal frequency.Two paths of signals fclk、fdataBetween frequency difference Δ f very littles, reflection is in time domain, the cycle of two paths of signals
There is the stepping delay that tiny time difference Δ t, Δ t are exactly equivalent sampling, its principle is as shown in Figure 3.
Sequential equivalent is exemplified below, realizes that 10GS/s order is equivalent using 10MS/s real-time sampling rate and adopts
Sample rate.It is 10MHz, f by sampled clock signal set of frequencyclkThe 000Hz of=10,MHz,=10 000, cycle Tclk=100
000ps.Reach 10GS/s sequential equivalent rate, Δ t=100ps, then, the cycle of correspondence signal to be sampled is Tdata
=Tclk- Δ t=99 900ps, fdata≈ 10 010 010Hz, Δ f=fdata-fclk=10 010Hz.It is same to use 10MS/
S real-time sampling rate realized exemplified by 500GS/s sequential equivalent rate, fclkThe 000Hz of=10,MHz,=10 000, cycle Tclk
=100 000ps.Reach 500GS/s sequential equivalent rate, Δ t=2ps, then, the cycle of correspondence signal to be sampled
For Tdata=Tclk- Δ t=99 998ps, fdata≈ 10 000 200Hz, Δ f=fdata-fclk=200Hz.Produced by signal
Module U2 produces two paths of signals, and frequency is respectively 10 000 000Hz, 10 000 200Hz, can be adopted using the real-time of 10MS/s
Sample rate realizes 500GS/s sequential equivalent rate, a point, institute because each 998ps of signal period 99 to be sampled only samples
Completed with, final collection and recover the signal waveform to be sampled of broadening, it is necessary to longer total equivalent sampling time, if adopted
Sampling point is 65 536 points, then total equivalent sampling time is 65 536 × 99 998ps ≈ 6.55ms, this magnitude it is total
The equivalent sampling time is acceptable.But, when signal frequency to be sampled is fdata=10 000Hz, correspondence the cycle be
100us, then, in the case of identical equivalent sampling rate and sampled point, sampled clock signal frequency is fclk=9
999.9998Hz, Δ f=fdata-fclk=0.000 2Hz, the equivalent sampling time is 6.55s.At this time, pseudorandom can be passed through
Equivalent sampling, that is, ensure that high equivalent sampling rate, and total equivalent sampling time is reduced again.
Using frequency as fdataExemplified by=10 000Hz signal to be sampled, illustrate pseudorandom equivalent sampling method, its data
Permutation and combination principle is as shown in Figure 4.Equivalent sampling rate is 500GS/s, and 65 536 points of sampling number comes to sequential equivalent
Say, its corresponding fclk=9 999.999 8Hz, total equivalent sampling time is about 6.55s.Assuming that pseudorandom equivalent sampling rate
500GS/s, sampled point is 65 536 points, if sampled clock signal frequency is fclk=29 999.9994Hz, and letter to be sampled
Number about 3 times relations of frequency, N=3, then total equivalent sampling time is about 6.55s/3=2.18s；If sampling clock
Signal frequency is fclk=29 999 999.4Hz, and about 3 000 times relations of signal frequency to be sampled, N=3 000, then
Total equivalent sampling time is about 6.55s/3 000=2.18ms.In pseudorandom equivalent sampling, N multiple is bigger, total etc.
The effect sampling time is smaller, correspondingly, and the combination of its pseudorandom equivalent sampling data arrangement is more complicated.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high sampling rate equivalent sampling method realized based on frequency-difference method and DDS, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1) one high steady clock reference is produced；
2) according to high steady clock reference, signal generator module (U2) produces two paths of signals, signal is filtered, at waveform conversion
Reason；Wherein all the way as sampled clock signal, reflection of another road Jing Guo module to be measured is used as signal to be sampled；Signal is produced
Module (U2) includes carrying binary channels output, high-frequency control word, high phase place control word, high-resolution DAC DDS chips, or
Person is the output of two panels single track, high-frequency control word, high phase place control word, high-resolution DAC DDS chips；
The frequency of the two paths of signals is determined in the following manner according to sample mode difference：
If carrying out the difference on the frequency very little and sampled clock signal frequency between sequential equivalent, two paths of signals less than to be sampled
Signal frequency；
If carrying out pseudorandom equivalent sampling, sampled clock signal frequency is the approximate multiple N of signal frequency to be sampled；
3) according to the control of sampled clock signal, data collecting system is treated sampled signal and sampled, and obtains sampled data；
If 4) carry out sequential equivalent, sampled data is arranged and exported in order；
If carrying out pseudorandom equivalent sampling, permutation and combination is carried out to sampled data and is exported.
2. the high sampling rate equivalent sampling method realized according to claim 1 based on frequency-difference method and DDS, it is characterised in that：
The step of also including regulation equivalent sampling rate：By adjusting the difference on the frequency between two paths of signals, different equivalent adopt is realized
Sample rate.
3. the high sampling rate equivalent sampling method according to claim 1 or claim 2 realized based on frequency-difference method and DDS, its feature is existed
In：
The step of also including the reduction equivalent sampling time：By adjusting between sampled clock signal frequency and signal frequency to be sampled
N multiple proportions, total equivalent sampling time of system can be reduced with N times.
4. the high sampling rate equivalent sampling method realized according to claim 3 based on frequency-difference method and DDS, it is characterised in that：
The step of also including regulation first sampling point：By adjusting phase difference and delay, realize that different starting points start sampling.
5. a kind of high sampling rate equivalent sampling system realized based on frequency-difference method and DDS, it is characterised in that：Including clock reference mould
Block (U1), signal generator module (U2), input/output module (U3), data acquisition module (U4), data processing module (U5) and
Control module (U6)；
The clock reference module (U1) produces one high steady clock reference, and sends into signal generator module (U2)；
The signal generator module (U2) produces two paths of signals according to high steady clock reference, and signal is filtered, waveform turns
Processing is changed, wherein signal feeding data acquisition module (U4) is as sampled clock signal all the way, another road signal is defeated by inputting
Go out module (U3) and send into module (U7) to be measured, input/output module (U3) conduct is passed through in the signal reflex part of module (U7) to be measured
The signal to be sampled of data acquisition module (U4)；
The output signal of control module (U6) the control signal generation module (U2), control data processing module (U5) is to sampling
Data carry out permutation and combination；
The sampled data that the data processing module (U5) exports to data acquisition module (U4) carries out permutation and combination, when recovering
Between broadening signal waveform to be sampled；The signal generator module (U2) includes carrying binary channels output, high-frequency control word, height
The DDS chips of phase control words, high-resolution DAC, or the output of two panels single track, high-frequency control word, high phase place control word,
High-resolution DAC DDS chips；The control module (U6) adjusts the frequency between two paths of signals by signal generator module (U2)
Rate is poor, phase difference and delay parameter.
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| CN106443630B (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-09-12 | 湖南太康电子信息技术有限公司 | A kind of efficient combined type sequential equivalent method |
| CN106772269B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2023-07-21 | 南京邮电大学 | Equivalent sampling circuit for echo signal acquisition by using ground penetrating radar |
| CN109324215B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2022-04-19 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | DDS-based standard phase generation method and device |
| CN109324313A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-12 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of equivalent time sampling system and method for impulse radar |
| CN110736877B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-09-28 | 山东信通电子股份有限公司 | High-speed acquisition method and device for time domain reflection signals |
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