CN104722949A - Solid-core welding wire for reducing welding residual stress of high-strength steel - Google Patents
Solid-core welding wire for reducing welding residual stress of high-strength steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104722949A CN104722949A CN201510058123.5A CN201510058123A CN104722949A CN 104722949 A CN104722949 A CN 104722949A CN 201510058123 A CN201510058123 A CN 201510058123A CN 104722949 A CN104722949 A CN 104722949A
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- welding wire
- solid
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- core welding
- strength steel
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3066—Fe as the principal constituent with Ni as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
Abstract
The invention relates to a solid-core welding wire for reducing welding residual stress of high-strength steel. The solid-core welding wire comprises, by weight, 0.01% to 0.05% of C, 0.3% to 0.5% of Si, 0.4% to 0.8% of Mn, 8% to 12% of Cr, 8% to 12% of Ni, 0.2% to 0.5% of Mo, 0.2% to 0.5% of Nb, 0.1% to 0.3% of V, 0.1% to 0.5% of Cu, 0.01% or less of P, 0.01% or less of S and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities. The solid-core welding wire can solve the problem of concentration of the residual stress of the high-strength steel on the premise that the solid-core welding wire is not preheated before welding and not thermally treated after welding. The mechanical property of high-strength steel joints can be achieved, the pressure stress beneficial for the service performance of welding structures is generated, and the solid-core welding wire can be applied to the welding structures which are large in stress concentration, are corroded and cracked and are prone to generate cracks.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solid core welding wire, particularly relate to a kind of solid core welding wire that can reduce high-strength steel welding residual stress.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of machinery industry, the proportion of material and intensity are had higher requirement.Low-alloy high-strength steel is little with proportion, intensity is high, plasticity and the advantage such as good toughness, excellent weldability, is progressively replacing carbon steel and high-strength steel to be applied to the industries such as automobile, pressure vessel, chemical industry, engineering machinery.Compared with ordinary carbon steel, its working strength, toughness and service life double, and own wt reduces by 30%, and resource consumption reduces 15%, meet idea of development that is following efficient, long-lived, economizing type material, become the main development direction of ferrous materials.
This type of steel easily forms large and concentrated residual tension in the process of welding, produces hardened structure in heat affected area.Welding vestige stress can impel the expansion of crackle, causes welded brittle fracture, reduces fatigue strength and anti-stress corrosiveness, when under comparatively large outer effect of carrying, endangers especially obvious.In order to reduce welding residual stress and welding deformation, improve welded performance, many technology are employed, as post-weld stress eliminates heat treatment, and shot-peening, adjustment Welding Structure and hot tensile strength technology.But, while these technology of enforcement, due to complexity and the high expense of technology, also have some limitations.
Weld metal can produce structural transformation in the process of cooling, causes volumetric expansion, produces transformation stress, belongs to compression stress.In general, weld metal phase transformation occurs in about 550 DEG C, and now the yield strength of temperature influence material declines to a great extent, and the stress that phase transformation produces is less on residual stress impact.If phase transition temperature occurs in lower temperature, now the yield strength of material is close to room temperature, and the stress produced by phase change expansion can offset part or all of thermal stress, even produces compression stress.。
Summary of the invention
For this reason, the object of the invention is the limitation overcoming existing conventional art, utilize novel solid core welding wire in the process of welding, solve the concentrated problem of high-strength steel welding residual stress.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of solid core welding wire of the present invention, counts by weight percentage, comprise following composition: C 0.01-0.05%, Si 0.2-0.5%, Mn 0.4-0.8%, Cr 8-12%, Ni 8-12%, Mo 0.2-0.5%, Nb 0.2-0.4%, V 0.1-0.3%, Cu 0.1-0.5%, P≤0.01%, S≤0.01%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Preferably: C 0.01-0.03%, Si 0.3-0.5%, Mn 0.4-0.8%, Cr 8-10%, Ni 10-12%, Mo 0.2-0.5%, Nb 0.2-0.4%, V 0.1-0.2%, Cu 0.1-0.4%, P≤0.01%, S≤0.01%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The microscopic structure of described solid core welding wire deposited metal is martensite and austenite, and wherein martensite proportion is 70%-90%.
The solid-state phase changes temperature range of described solid core welding wire is 150 DEG C-300 DEG C.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
1. solid core welding wire of the present invention, by regulating the composition of alloying element, as alloying elements such as Cr, Ni, C, Mn, controlling martensite transformation temperature Ms scope is 150 DEG C-300 DEG C, thus phase transformation generation volumetric expansion can be utilized to offset part or all of thermal stress, even produce the compression being beneficial to structure military service performance.
2. solid core welding wire of the present invention, the microscopic structure of its weld metal is martensite and austenite, and wherein ratio of martensite is 70%-90%.Martensitic structure has high intensity and hardness, and austenite plasticity and toughness are better, by conservative control two-phase proportion, make weld metal possess excellent comprehensive mechanical property.
3. solid core welding wire of the present invention, add Nb 0.2-0.4%, V 0.1-0.3%, the high VC carbide of the spread and NbC carbide can be formed, crystal grain thinning, improve the intensity of matrix, make it meet yield strength > 690MPa, tensile strength > 800MPa.
4. solid core welding wire of the present invention, when without the need to weld preheating and post weld heat treatment, can solve the problem of high-strength steel residual stress concentrations, be beneficial to the high efficiency, the energy-saving that realize producing in the process of welding.
5. solid core welding wire of the present invention, can be applicable to that stress is concentrated, crackle easily produces and Welding Structure under corrosive environment.
In order to make content of the present invention be more likely to be clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
The present embodiment provides a kind of welding wire, adopts Cr-Ni-Si-Mn-Mo alloy system, is aided with V, Nb, Cu alloying element, makes welding wire deposited metals, within the scope of 150 DEG C-300 DEG C, martensite transfor mation occur, and have higher mechanical property and good weldability.
C significantly can reduce martensite transformation temperature Ms point.For deposited metal, the existence of a certain amount of C element can play solution strengthening effect, but too high plasticity and the toughness that can reduce steel of C content, worsen the welding performance of steel.For keeping good welding performance, make weld metal obtain low-carbon martensite, have good comprehensive mechanical property, C content controls within the scope of 0.01%-0.05%.
Si can reduce Ms point.Si adds as deoxidier on the one hand; On the other hand when Si and Mn adds fashionable with certain proportion, can improve the welding performance of deposited metal, consider from the angle of welding, appropriate Si can improve the mobility of deposited metal, contributes to improving weldability, its quality general control 0.2%-0.5%.
Mn is that good deoxidier and desulfurizing agent significantly can reduce martensite transformation temperature Ms point, can replace part Ni aborning.For weld metal, adding of Mn can significantly improve mechanical property, but when Mn too high levels, significantly can reduce the toughness of weld metal, especially hit toughness in low temperature.Mn content general control is within 2%.
Ni and Cr also can obtain martensitic structure containing the Cr steel of 8%Ni under very little cooling rate.Being added in of Ni improves while hardness of steel, can also keep good toughness and plasticity.And the cost of Ni is 2 times of Cr, and the energy force rate Ni that Cr reduces Ms point is strong, so economically, should add Cr.Consider, Ni content is proper within the scope of 8%-12% at 8%-12%, Cr content.
Mo can improve martensitic temper resistance, when with a certain amount of Cr and Ni in conjunction with time, can quenching degree be increased substantially, crystal grain thinning, improve toughness.When adding the Mo of 0.2%-0.3% in quenched and tempered steel, the quenching degree of steel, intensity and ductility can be improved.When Mo content is 0.5%, be conducive to the impact flexibility improving steel.Mo content is that 0.2%-0.5% is advisable.
V and Nb due to they are strong carbide elements, the spread of VC, NbC is very high, and extremely stable.A small amount of adds, can crystal grain thinning, improves intensity and the toughness of matrix, improves the welding performance of steel.Consider, the content of V and Nb controls below 0.4%.
Cu is stable austenite p-block element p, can improve the quenching degree of steel, reduces martensite start temperature Ms point.Cu can improve intensity and the toughness of steel, especially weather-resistant performance.When Cu content is less than 0.50%, on welding performance without impact; When Cu content is more than 0.5%, plasticity significantly reduces.
S, P are as impurity element, and the toughness of its Resistance of Weld Metal is very unfavorable, and therefore content is more few better.The content of general control S, P is S≤0.01%, P≤0.01%.
Embodiment 1-5:
The chemical composition of the present embodiment 1-5 welding wire is as shown in table 1, and its diameter is 2.0mm.And implement to fill docking to the flat board of thickness to be 5mm material be Q690 respectively.Before weldering, annealing heat treatment is carried out to test plate (panel) to be welded, eliminate internal stress and additional machining stress.When adopting comparative example welding wire to fill, 150 DEG C of the pre-heat treatment need be carried out to test piece for welding, when adopting the present embodiment 1-5 welding wire to fill, without weld preheating.
Table 1: component of weld wire and comparative example component of weld wire (wt%) in embodiment 1-5
| Solid core welding wire | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo | Nb | V | Cu | P | S |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 12 | 8 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | ＜0.01 | ＜0.01 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.01 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 8 | 12 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ＜0.01 | ＜0.01 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.03 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 10 | 10 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ＜0.01 | ＜0.01 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.02 | 0.38 | 0.37 | 9.77 | 9.35 | 0.15 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | ＜0.01 | ＜0.01 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.02 | 0.24 | 0.76 | 9.42 | 7.91 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.3 | 0.45 | ＜0.01 | ＜0.01 |
| Comparative example | 0.15 | 0.28 | 1.27 | 0.67 | 1.52 | 0.52 | 0.03 | 0.2 | 0.05 | - | - |
Table 2 is that embodiment 1-5 and comparative example welding wire fill test plate (panel) weld metal zone residual stress, phase transition temperature, expansion rate test result.
Table 2: weld residual stress, weld metal phase transition temperature, expansion rate
From table 2 phase change transition temperature test result, in embodiment 1-5, the structural transformation of weld metal starts temperature is between 167 DEG C-220 DEG C, in designed scope 100 DEG C-300 DEG C; End temp is 32 DEG C-104 DEG C, illustrates that it is finally organized as the duplex structure of martensite and retained austenite, meets low temperature phase change characteristic.When reaching yield strength according to research display stress, corresponding elastic strain amount is that 0.1%-0.3%, embodiment 1-5 weld metal expansion rate changes between 0.61%-0.71%, can offset the tension that thermal contraction produces in theory completely.As can be seen from table 2 weld residual stress test result, it is that large tension vertical and horizontal are respectively 376MPa and 197MPa that comparative example welding wire fills weld metal zone, embodiment 1-5 fills weld metal zone vertical and horizontal and all presents compression, being longitudinally-513MPa ~-311MPa, is laterally-156MPa ~-97MPa.Solid core welding wire of the present invention is described, when without the need to weld preheating and post weld heat treatment, the problem of high-strength steel residual stress concentrations can be solved in the process of welding.Meanwhile, the application of solid core welding wire of the present invention effectively can stop the generation of crackle, avoids the corrosion cracking being concentrated generation under corrosive environment by stress.The result of comparative example 1-5 is known, and its test result is close, and illustrating can with low price alloying element as Cr, Mn replaces high valence elements if Ni is to reach identical effect in actual production.
Table 3 is the mechanical property effect that embodiment 1-5 and comparative example welding wire fill metal.
Table 3: mechanical property effect
| Solid core welding wire | R 0.2(MPa) | R m(MPa) |
| Embodiment 1 | 788 | 902 |
| Embodiment 2 | 759 | 853 |
| Embodiment 3 | 803 | 917 |
| Embodiment 4 | 799 | 884 |
| Embodiment 5 | 732 | 826 |
| Comparative example | 680 | 767 |
As can be seen from table 3 weld metal mechanical experimental results, the yield strength >=732MPa of embodiment 1-5, tensile strength >=826MPa, meet the requirement of high-strength steel welding joint mechanical property.Known by table 1, embodiment 1-5 all adds the Nb of V and 0.2%-0.4% of 0.1%-0.3%, the spread due to VC, NbC is very high and extremely stable, a certain amount of V and Nb adds the welding performance improving steel, crystal grain is organized in refinement, improve intensity and the toughness of matrix, make welding result possess excellent comprehensive mechanical property.The combination of the composition proportion of solid core welding wire in the present invention, not only for solid core welding wire, utilizes this component proportion can also be used for being deployed into the alloy powder for cladding welding, compares have same Expected Results when welding with solid core welding wire.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and modification, these improvement of above-mentioned hypothesis and modification also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. reduce a solid core welding wire for high-strength steel welding residual stress, it is characterized in that, count by weight percentage, comprise following composition:
C:0.01-0.05%, Si:0.3-0.5%, Mn:0.4-0.8%, Cr:8-12%, Ni:8-12%, Mo:0.2-0.5%, Nb:0.2-0.4%, V:0.1-0.3%, Cu:0.1-0.5%, P≤0.01%, S≤0.01%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. solid core welding wire according to claim 1, is characterized in that, counts by weight percentage, comprise following composition: C:0.01-0.03%, Si:0.3-0.5%, Mn:0.4-0.8%, Cr:8-10%, Ni:10-12%, Mo:0.2-0.5%, Nb:0.2-0.4%, V:0.1-0.2%, Cu:0.1-0.4%, P≤0.01%, S≤0.01%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
3. solid core welding wire according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the microscopic structure of described welding wire deposited metal is martensite and austenite, and wherein martensite proportion is 70%-90%.
4. solid core welding wire according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the solid-state phase changes temperature range of described welding wire is 100 DEG C-300 DEG C.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105772987A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-07-20 | 首钢总公司 | Welding wire used for continuous casting roller surfacing |
| CN108637525A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of Hi-Stren steel welding wire for submerged-arc welding for exempting from postwelding destressing processing |
| CN108838577A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-20 | 温州大学 | A kind of high-strength steel low temperature phase change metal powder type flux-cored wire |
| WO2021237843A1 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-02 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Ni-saving low-temperature steel submerged-arc welding wire for cryogenic environment, and welding process |
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| CN104227264A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-24 | 日铁住金溶接工业株式会社 | Solid welding stick for gas-shielded arc welding of high-strength steel |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105772987A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-07-20 | 首钢总公司 | Welding wire used for continuous casting roller surfacing |
| CN108637525A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of Hi-Stren steel welding wire for submerged-arc welding for exempting from postwelding destressing processing |
| CN108838577A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-20 | 温州大学 | A kind of high-strength steel low temperature phase change metal powder type flux-cored wire |
| WO2021237843A1 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-02 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Ni-saving low-temperature steel submerged-arc welding wire for cryogenic environment, and welding process |
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