CN104722743A - Manufacturing method for composite hammer head of hammer crusher - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for composite hammer head of hammer crusher Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A manufacturing method for a composite hammer head of a hammer crusher includes the steps that firstly, a composite hammer head mould is manufactured; secondly, ceramic particles are fixed in the mould to manufacture a cavity of a use part of the hammer head; thirdly, mould assembling is conducted, wherein the mould is fixed to a mechanical vibration device, low-carbon and low-alloy steel is cast at first, then, high-chromium iron is cast, the mechanical vibration device is started while the high-chromium iron is cast, mechanical vibration enables the mould to be solidified, and the composite hammer head can be obtained through processing after the mould is cooled; fourthly, the composite hammer head is subjected to thermal treatment. According to the manufacturing method, the ceramic particles are adopted in the use part of the hammer head to reinforce the high-chromium iron composite materials, the low-carbon and low-alloy steel with good obdurability is adopted in an installation area, and the composite hammer head is manufactured in a bi-liquid compositing method; meanwhile, diffusion of elements in an interface of the liquid high-chromium iron and liquid low-carbon and low-alloy steel is accelerated through a mechanical vibration method, therefore, stable interface metallurgical bonding is achieved, high abrasive resistance and high obdurability of the composite hammer head are achieved, an abraded region is not prone to falling off, and the service life of the composite hammer head is long; in addition, by the adoption of the manufacturing method, the manufacturing process is simple, the manufacturing cost is low and the practicability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of hammer head of hammer crusher, specifically relate to a kind of preparation method of hammer mill composite hammer head.
Background technology
Hammer mill wearing piece tup broken building stones under High Rotation Speed, require that tup uses position will have high wearability, will there be high obdurability installation position, homogenous material is difficult to ensure tup applying working condition, the method adopting compound to prepare can solve that homogenous material faces well not only wear-resisting but also have the difficult problem of high obdurability.But there is the problem that much need solve in the preparation method of existing composite material hammer head and Material selec-tion aspect.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent application of CN201530904A discloses a kind of composite material hammer head of crusher and negative-pressure casting method thereof, that patent describes and adopt the method for vacuum negative pressure cast that WC compound potassium steel, steel alloy and ordinary carbon steel are prepared composite hammer head, but this patent WC used is higher than great, price, production cost, matrix used material is that potassium steel, steel alloy or carbon steel hardness are low, under impact wear operating mode, matrix quick abrasion, little to WC supporting role, WC easily peels off, be difficult to the effect playing WC, and use vacuum negative pressure cast complex process.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent application of CN102872941A discloses a kind of double-fluid double metal compound hammer for hammer crusher and preparation method thereof, the method is tup in casting mold die cavity and uses swallow-tail form dividing plate between hammer handle, then the metal that cast two kinds is different simultaneously, makes composite hammer head after cooling.A crucial part of the method is that dividing plate is difficult to realize melting completely, affect the metallurgical binding at tup and hammer handle interface, moreover the pollutant such as the steam of baffle surface is difficult to remove completely, very easily react with molten metal, slag is formed at interface, also interface cohesion can be affected, therefore, the poor stability of this invention.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent application of CN101607304A discloses a kind of compound technology for covering edge of big hammer, this technique is in hammer handle both sides composite high-chromium iron-cast material, method adopts dielectric barrier, first pour into a mould rich chromium cast iron, pouring temperature 1350 ~ 1400 DEG C, after 15 ~ 35 seconds, cast carbon steel, pouring temperature 1450 ~ 1530, solidify rear sand removal and obtain composite hammer head, this invention Problems existing and publication number are that the Chinese patent application of CN102872941A is similar, and due to the existence of dividing plate, two kinds of metals are difficult to form metallurgical binding.
Publication number is the casting device that the Chinese patent application of CN2023439170A discloses a kind of double-fluid double metal vertical-type tup, and this invention describes the method preparing composite hammer head: place chill at bi-metal interface place.This invention Problems existing is, when molten metal contacts with chill in interface, because chill place metal cooling velocity is fast, easily form cold shut defects in interface, in tup use procedure, tup comes off at cold shut place.
Publication number is a kind of method that the Chinese patent application of CN102873308SA discloses lost foam casting composite crusher tup of double-fluid double metal, the method adopts evaporative pattern vacuum casting method to prepare composite hammer head, first adopt the method for evaporative pattern, the residue in composite hammer head can become formation of crack and occur tup phenomenon of rupture; Moreover the method that this invention does not take metallurgical interface to combine.
All there is following shortcoming in the above-mentioned various methods preparing composite hammer head:
1) biliquid compound interface is difficult to obtain stable metallurgical binding, and it is limited that tup abrading section adopts wear resistance of high-chromium iron to improve;
2) hard particles strengthens in base steel composite hammer head, and WC easily peels off, cracked, simultaneously WC than great, price is high, significantly improving product cost and Energy in use, be difficult to industrialization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned existing problems and deficiency, there is provided a kind of low cost of manufacture, interface has good metallurgical binding, and has high-wearing feature and high-strength tenacity, eroded area difficult drop-off, the preparation method of the hammer mill composite hammer head of long service life.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The preparation method of hammer mill composite hammer head of the present invention, be characterized in that the rich chromium cast iron based composites that the use position of this composite hammer head adopts ceramic particle to strengthen is made, installation position adopts low-carbon low-alloy steel to make, the interface of rich chromium cast iron and steel alloy is metallurgical binding, and concrete implementation step is as follows:
1) composite hammer head casting mold is prepared, this casting mold is provided with a sprue, two ingates, the ingate being positioned at bottom is used as to pour into a mould low-carbon low-alloy steel, the ingate being positioned at upper strata is used as to pour into a mould rich chromium cast iron, this casting mold is also provided with a peep hole simultaneously, and this peep hole doubles as composite hammer head rising head;
2) ceramic particle is fixed on the die cavity place using position in casting mold for the preparation of tup;
3) mould assembling, is fixed on mechanical vibrator, first pours into a mould low-carbon low-alloy steel, then pour into a mould rich chromium cast iron, and mechanical vibrator is started while cast rich chromium cast iron, mechanical oscillation make casting solidification, after cooling, sand removal, removes dead head, overlap, obtains composite hammer head;
4) by composite hammer head heat treatment, 950 ~ 1050 DEG C of quenchings, air cooling, 450 ~ 500 DEG C of tempering.
Wherein, above-mentioned composite hammer head casting mold adopts quartz sand, and adds waterglass as binding agent, passes through CO
2sclerosis forms, and the cavity surface brushing zirconium English powder quick drying paint of composite hammer head casting mold.
Above-mentioned steps 2) in first ceramic particle can be mixed with binding agent and be solidified into and there is anti-metal liquid wash away not defeated and dispersed ability and the profile between ceramic particle with three-dimensional intercommunication many sizes degree is after the precast body of strip or tabular, then be fixed on the die cavity place using position in casting mold for the preparation of tup.
Above-mentioned steps 3) in be from the ingate of bottom cast low-carbon low-alloy steel, pouring temperature is 1500 ~ 1600 DEG C, stop watering when having observed molten steel from peep hole and having overflowed, suspend the ingate cast rich chromium cast iron liquid from upper strata after 10 ~ 15 seconds, pouring temperature is 1400 ~ 1450 DEG C.
The vibration frequency of above-mentioned mechanical vibrator is 10 ~ 40Hz, and amplitude is 0.5 ~ 1mm, is poured rear sustained vibration 1 ~ 5 minute during vibrations to rich chromium cast iron liquid, then stops vibration.
The present invention uses position (that is: tup eroded area) ceramic particle to strengthen rich chromium cast iron composite owing to adopting at tup, installation region adopts the low-carbon low-alloy steel that obdurability is good, and adopt the method for biliquid compound to prepare composite hammer head, spread with mechanical vibration method acceleration rich chromium cast iron liquid and low-carbon and low-alloy molten steel interface element simultaneously, thus obtain stable metallurgical interface combination, realize composite hammer head high-wearing feature and high-strength tenacity, make eroded area difficult drop-off, long service life, and manufacture craft of the present invention is simple, low cost of manufacture, practical.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the present invention prepares composite hammer head.
Fig. 2 is composite hammerhead structure schematic diagram prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 2 at A-A place.
Fig. 4 is another kind of composite hammerhead structure schematic diagram prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 4 at B-B place.
Fig. 6 is the Facad structure schematic diagram of composite hammer head prepared by the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the plan structure schematic diagram of composite hammer head prepared by the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 7, the rich chromium cast iron based composites that the use position of hammer mill composite hammer head prepared by the present invention adopts ceramic particle to strengthen is made, and installation position adopts low-carbon low-alloy steel to make, and the interface of rich chromium cast iron and steel alloy is metallurgical binding.Its concrete preparation method is as follows:
1) preparation of composite hammer head casting mold 1 is employing 20 ~ 140 object quartz sand, and clay content < 0.2%, adds 5% waterglass, and use CO
2sclerosis, brushing zirconium English powder quick drying paint in the cavity surface of casting mold; And this casting mold is provided with a sprue 2, two ingates, the ingate 4 being positioned at bottom is used as to pour into a mould low-carbon low-alloy steel 6, the ingate 3 being positioned at upper strata is used as to pour into a mould rich chromium cast iron 7, and this casting mold is also provided with a peep hole 5 simultaneously, and this peep hole 5 doubles as composite hammer head rising head;
2) by Al
2o
3ceramic particle or ZrO
2ceramic particle or ZTA ceramic particle mix with binding agent and are placed in shaper, solidification, and to obtain the profile with three-dimensional intercommunication many sizes degree be strip or tabular and have the precast body 8 that high temperature resistant metal liquid washes away not defeated and dispersed ability;
3) precast body 8 is fixed on the die cavity place using position (that is: tup eroded area) in above-mentioned casting mold for the preparation of tup; Tup eroded area Cr15 type or Cr20 type or Cr25 type rich chromium cast iron are poured into a mould, installation region low-carbon low-alloy steel is poured into a mould, owing to needing it, there is high resistance to fracture, therefore high obdurability should be had, the weight percentage ranges of low-carbon and low-alloy composition of steel is C:0.25 ~ 0.3%, alloying element content < 3%, in order to obtain better metallurgical quality, Mn must not must not lower than 0.5% lower than 0.5%, Si;
4) mould assembling, is fixed on mechanical vibrator, with two intermediate frequency furnaces melting rich chromium cast iron liquid and low-carbon and low-alloy molten steel respectively.After refining, first from the ingate cast low-carbon low-alloy steel of bottom, pouring temperature is 1500 ~ 1600 DEG C, when having observed molten steel from peep hole and having overflowed, stop cast, suspended after 10 ~ 15 seconds, from the ingate cast rich chromium cast iron liquid on upper strata, pouring temperature is 1400 ~ 1450 DEG C; And during cast rich chromium cast iron liquid, open mechanical vibrator, vibration frequency 10 ~ 40Hz, amplitude 0.5 ~ 1mm, rich chromium cast iron liquid is poured after vibration and continues 1 ~ 5 minute, then stops vibration;
5) after casting solidification cooling, sand removal, remove feeders, overlap etc., obtain the composite hammer head containing ceramic particle;
6) composite hammer head is heat-treated, 950 ~ 1050 DEG C of quenchings, air cooling, 450 ~ 500 DEG C of tempering, air cooling.
Embodiment 1:
Rich chromium cast iron adopts Cr15 type, and composition is (percentage by weight) C:3.6%, Cr:15%, Mo:0.5%, Ni:0.5%, Si:0.6%, Mn:0.6%, S≤0.04%, P≤0.04%, and all the other are Fe;
Low-carbon and low-alloy composition of steel (percentage by weight) C:0.28%, Cr:1%, Si:0.6%, Mn:0.6%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.04%, Al:0.025%, all the other are Fe;
Ceramic particle adopts Al
2o
3ceramic particle, by Al
2o
3ceramic particle mixes with 3% binding agent and is placed in shaper, solidification, obtains Al
2o
3ceramic particle precast body;
Composite hammer head casting mold adopts 20 ~ 140 object quartz sands, and clay content < 0.2%, adds 5% waterglass, and is formed by CO2 sclerosis, and brushing zircon sand quick drying paint in the cavity surface of casting mold;
Mould assembling, is fixed on mechanical vibrator, with two intermediate frequency furnaces melting Cr15 type rich chromium cast iron liquid and low-carbon and low-alloy molten steel respectively.After refining degasification, first from the ingate cast low-carbon low-alloy steel of bottom, pouring temperature is 1550 DEG C, when having observed molten steel from peep hole and having overflowed, stop cast, after 13 seconds, from the ingate cast rich chromium cast iron liquid on upper strata, while cast rich chromium cast iron liquid, open mechanical vibrator, vibration frequency 15Hz, amplitude 0.6mm, rich chromium cast iron liquid is poured, and vibration continues to stop after 2 minutes;
Composite hammer head solidifies cooling, sand removal, removes dead head, overlap etc., obtains composite hammer head;
Composite hammer head hardening heat 960 DEG C, air cooling, 460 DEG C of tempering, air cooling.The service life of the composite hammer head obtained is 3 times of high chrome material tup.
Embodiment 2:
The difference of this embodiment and embodiment 1 is:
Rich chromium cast iron adopts Cr20 type, and composition is (percentage by weight) C:3.2%, Cr:20%, Mo:0.5%, Ni:0.5%, Si:0.6%, Mn:0.6%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.04%, and all the other are Fe;
Low-carbon and low-alloy composition of steel (percentage by weight) C:0.3%, Cr:1%, Mn:0.6%, Si:0.6%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.04%, Al:0.025%, all the other are Fe.
Embodiment 3:
The difference of this embodiment and embodiment 1 is:
Rich chromium cast iron adopts Cr25 type, and composition is (percentage by weight) C:3%, Cr:25%, Mo:0.5%, Ni:0.5%, Si:0.6%, Mn:0.6%, P≤0.04%, S≤0.04%, and all the other are Fe;
Low-carbon and low-alloy composition of steel (percentage by weight) C:0.3%, Cr:1%, Si:0.6%, Mn:0.6%, S≤0.04%, P≤0.04%, Al:0.025%, all the other are Fe.
The present invention is described by embodiment, but the present invention is not construed as limiting, with reference to description of the invention, other changes of the disclosed embodiments, as the professional person for this area easily expects, such change should belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention restriction.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a hammer mill composite hammer head, it is characterized in that the rich chromium cast iron based composites that the use position of this composite hammer head adopts ceramic particle to strengthen is made, installation position adopts low-carbon low-alloy steel to make, the interface of rich chromium cast iron and steel alloy is metallurgical binding, and concrete implementation step is as follows:
1) composite hammer head casting mold is prepared, this casting mold is provided with a sprue, two ingates, the ingate being positioned at bottom is used as to pour into a mould low-carbon low-alloy steel, the ingate being positioned at upper strata is used as to pour into a mould rich chromium cast iron, this casting mold is also provided with a peep hole simultaneously, and this peep hole doubles as composite hammer head rising head;
2) ceramic particle is fixed on the die cavity place using position in casting mold for the preparation of tup;
3) mould assembling, is fixed on mechanical vibrator, first pours into a mould low-carbon low-alloy steel, then pour into a mould rich chromium cast iron, and mechanical vibrator is started while cast rich chromium cast iron, mechanical oscillation make casting solidification, after cooling, sand removal, removes dead head, overlap, obtains composite hammer head;
4) by composite hammer head heat treatment, 950 ~ 1050 DEG C of quenchings, air cooling, 450 ~ 500 DEG C of tempering.
2. the preparation method of hammer mill composite hammer head according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned composite hammer head casting mold adopts quartz sand, and adds waterglass as binding agent, pass through CO
2sclerosis forms, and the cavity surface brushing zirconium English powder quick drying paint of composite hammer head casting mold.
3. the preparation method of hammer mill composite hammer head according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned ceramic particle is Al
2o
3ceramic particle or ZrO
2ceramic particle or ZTA ceramic particle.
4. the preparation method of hammer mill composite hammer head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned steps 2) in first ceramic particle can be mixed with binding agent and be solidified into and there is anti-metal liquid wash away not defeated and dispersed ability and the profile between ceramic particle with three-dimensional intercommunication many sizes degree is after the precast body of strip or tabular, then be fixed on the die cavity place using position in casting mold for the preparation of tup.
5. the preparation method of hammer mill composite hammer head according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned rich chromium cast iron can adopt Cr15 type or Cr20 type or Cr25 type rich chromium cast iron.
6. the preparation method of hammer mill composite hammer head according to claim 1, is characterized in that above-mentioned low-carbon low-alloy steel can adopt percentage by weight to be C:0.25 ~ 0.35%, the low-carbon low-alloy steel that alloying element total amount is less than 3%.
7. the preparation method of hammer mill composite hammer head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned steps 3) in be from the ingate of bottom cast low-carbon low-alloy steel, pouring temperature is 1500 ~ 1600 DEG C, stop watering when having observed molten steel from peep hole and having overflowed, suspend the ingate cast rich chromium cast iron liquid from upper strata after 10 ~ 15 seconds, pouring temperature is 1400 ~ 1450 DEG C.
8. the preparation method of hammer mill composite hammer head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the vibration frequency of above-mentioned mechanical vibrator is 10 ~ 40Hz, amplitude is 0.5 ~ 1mm, is poured rear sustained vibration 1 ~ 5 minute during vibrations to rich chromium cast iron liquid, then stops vibration.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105598367A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-05-25 | 洛阳市致力新材料有限公司 | Vacuum negative-pressure head-downward method for producing bi-metal combined hammerhead through lost foam |
| CN105642868A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-06-08 | 洛阳市致力新材料有限公司 | Method for producing ceramic particle reinforced duplex metal base hammer through sand mold |
| CN105750498A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-07-13 | 柳州桂滨铸造有限公司 | Lost-foam-casting bimetal hammerhead pouring system |
| CN106623863A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-10 | 西安交通大学 | Preparation method of ZTA particle-reinforced steel matrix composite broken wall based on chemical method activating treatment |
| CN106735100A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-31 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of preparation method of the ZTA particle enhanced steel iron-based composite liners based on chemical activation treatment |
| CN110484809A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-22 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | Composite hammer head, preparation method and composite hammer head cast model |
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| CN110484809A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-22 | 广东省材料与加工研究所 | Composite hammer head, preparation method and composite hammer head cast model |
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| CN104722743B (en) | 2018-04-20 |
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Effective date of registration: 20220114 Address after: 510000 363 Changxin Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong. Patentee after: Institute of new materials, Guangdong Academy of Sciences Address before: 510651 No. 363, Changxin Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Tianhe District Patentee before: Institute of materials and processing, Guangdong Academy of Sciences |
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