CN104716366B - A kind of micro fuel cell system gas-liquid separator - Google Patents
A kind of micro fuel cell system gas-liquid separator Download PDFInfo
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- CN104716366B CN104716366B CN201310692294.4A CN201310692294A CN104716366B CN 104716366 B CN104716366 B CN 104716366B CN 201310692294 A CN201310692294 A CN 201310692294A CN 104716366 B CN104716366 B CN 104716366B
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- gas
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- disengagement chamber
- mixed liquor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
- B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to high-energy power technology.The present invention relates to a kind of gas-liquid separator for direct liquid feed fuel cell system.The gas-liquid separator includes:The air/water disengagement chamber being connected with pile negative electrode condensator outlet, inside sets screw type separation bar, and there is gas discharge outlet top;The CO being connected with pile anode export2Disengagement chamber, cavity is double-decker, and inner chamber is pruned after drift angle by square and covers upper hydrophobicity film or hydrophobicity porous material is formed, and is inside provided with pure fuel(High concentration fuel)Import, fuel combination outlet and liquid level sensor;The intermediate cavity that above-mentioned cavity is coupled together, intermediate cavity is provided with hydrophobicity film or hydrophobicity porous material, intermediate cavity and CO with the connecting portion of air/water disengagement chamber2Disengagement chamber exocoel is connected, and liquid one-way flowing valve or micropump are provided with chamber.Compared with prior art, integrated level is high, compact conformation, can normally run in any direction for the present invention, it is adaptable to direct liquid feed fuel cell system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas-liquid separator, especially a kind of gas-liquid separator for micro fuel cell system,
It is used to separate the gas and liquid in pile cathode and anode effluent simultaneously, and the liquefied mixture that will be isolated is collected in together
In one disengagement chamber, liquefied mixture and pure fuel(High concentration fuel)Can be used as the reactive fuel of pile anode after appropriate mixing.
Background technology
Micro fuel cell system with liquid as fuel is typically liquid fuel(Such as methyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl alcohol, diformazan
Ether etc.)In chemical energy be converted into a kind of electrochemical reaction appts of electric energy.Because the electrochemical reaction system is avoided
The complicated structure such as fuel reforming and purification, and fuel storage and easy to carry, system architecture is relatively easy, in Portable movable
Field of power supplies has broad application prospects.
DMFC(DMFC)Be at present with liquid fuel feed fuel cell in study most commonly used
One kind, its operation principle is as shown in Figure 1.In the DMFC courses of work, fuel(Methanol aqueous solution)Flow field along plate leads to
Road, Catalytic Layer is entered through diffusion layer, and electrochemical oxidation reactions occur in the presence of anode electrocatalyst, generates CO2, proton and
Electronics, proton is transferred to cathodic region by dielectric film, and electronics is done work by external circuit and enters cathodic region, with arrival cathode catalysis
There is electrochemical reducting reaction generation water in the presence of elctro-catalyst in the oxygen of layer.As one kind of Portable power source,
DMFC systems should have simultaneously efficiency high, small volume, lightweight, integrated level it is high, it is workable the features such as.To meet system body
Small, the lightweight feature of product, DMFC systems generally use pure methanol feeding, but methanol feed concentration is too high can cause methanol crossover
Seriously, so as to cause battery performance to decline, it is unfavorable for the stable operation of system and the raising of system effectiveness.Asked to solve this
Topic, on the one hand can be reclaimed to the water of DMFC cathode reactions generation and for diluting the pure methanol solution of anode, this is just needed
By the liquid water and air in DMFC cathode effluents(Oxygen has been reacted in removing)Separated, while aqueous water is introduced into first
In alcohol head tank, on the other hand the liquefied mixture in anode effluent is reclaimed simultaneously, make not participating in the first of reaction
Alcoholic solution can be recycled, to meet system stabilization fortune as prolonged as possible under conditions of a certain amount of pure methyl alcohol is only carried
OK, this is accomplished by the CO in DMFC anode effluents2Gas is separated from liquefied mixture.
At present, the gas-liquid separator for being applied to direct liquid feed fuel cell system is generally condensed by with pile cathode side
Water/air separator that device is connected and the CO being connected with pile anode export2Separator two parts are constituted.What it was separated
Liquefied mixture and water are passed into fuel-feed tank through connecting tube, with the pure fuel for adding(High concentration fuel)After well mixed
Pile anode is supplied as the fuel needed for fuel cell reaction.The space that the gas-liquid separator of this structure takes in systems
Larger, integrated level is not high, needs other container as fuel-feed tank, is unfavorable for the raising of system total efficiency.Simultaneously as micro-
The application prospect of type fuel cell system portable electric source domain again, its weight to fuel cell system, volume requirement are strict,
Therefore, solve the problems, such as that gas-liquid separation is a difficulty of current gas-liquid separator research and development and application in narrow and small volumetric spaces
Point.
On the other hand, traditional direct liquid feed fuel cell system gas-liquid separator all has certain to direction
Sensitiveness, i.e., can only normally run on the direction of a certain fixation.When its direction placed changes, the separator is not only
Gas-liquid separation is not worked, while will also result in, liquid is revealed from gas outlet channels and gas incoming fuel blending tank shows
As so as to influence the normal work of fuel cell system.Therefore, the problem of gas-liquid separator directional sensitivity is that influence is straight at present
Connect a major issue of liquid feed fuel cell system application.
Actually should present invention is primarily directed to solve gas-liquid separator in the small space of micro fuel cell system
Be likely to occur in topple over when still can be with the problem of normal work.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of micro fuel cell system gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator collection is empty
Gas water is separated and CO2Separation is integrated, and the Water Sproading that the unreacted fuel mixed liquor of anode-side is generated with negative electrode side reaction is arrived
In same disengagement chamber, for pure fuel(High concentration fuel)Mix and finally give and be suitable for direct liquid feed fuel electricity
The certain density fuel mixed liquor of cell system stable operation, while the gas-liquid separator is in small space, situations such as toppling over
Under still can be with the problem of normal work.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
A kind of gas-liquid separator for direct liquid feed fuel cell system, includes air/water successively from top to bottom
Disengagement chamber and CO2/ fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber, air/water disengagement chamber and CO2/ fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber is connected to by pipeline
Together;
Gas-liquid mixture import is provided with the side wall of air/water disengagement chamber, it is connected with pile negative electrode condensator outlet,
For separating liquid water and air, screw type separation bar is provided with gas-liquid mixture import in inside cavity, air/
Gas discharge outlet is provided with the top wall of water disengagement chamber cavity, hydrophobicity film or hydrophobic are covered or blocked on gas discharge outlet
Property porous material;
CO2Gas-liquid mixture entrance and pure fuel or highly concentrated are provided with the bottom of/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber or side wall
The fuel inlet that degree biflex fuel pump is connected;Gas-liquid mixture entrance is connected with pile anode outlet manifold, for separating not
The fuel mixed liquor and CO of reaction2Gas;
CO2The cavity of/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber is the symmetrical polyhedron or spheroid of geometric center, and inside cavity is provided with
Liquid level sensor, the probe of liquid level sensor is located at the geometric center of cavity;CO2The bottom of/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber is set
There is the fuel mixture export being connected with pile anode inlet manifold, a rigid conduit be provided with fuel mixture export,
Bearing is coated with outside rigid conduit, the outer shaft of bearing is fixed on cavity bottom wall, rigid conduit one end is mixed with fuel
Liquid outlet is closed, another to be terminated with a rigid brasnch conduct, rigid brasnch conduct one end is connected with rigid conduit, rigid branch
Counterweight is provided with the other end nose end of conduit;The junction of rigid brasnch conduct and rigid conduit is located in the geometry of cavity
The lower section of horizontal plane where the heart.
Angle between the axis of the rigid brasnch conduct and rigid conduit is 15-90 degree.
The CO2/ fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber exocoel and air/water disengagement chamber are rectangular structure.
The fuel mixture export is connected by pipeline through liquid pump with the anode inlet of battery or pile.
Be can be set on the liquid pump entrance pipe has pure methyl alcohol or high concentration methanol charging interface.
The rigid brasnch conduct and rigid conduit are made of corrosion-resistant material;The bearing and counterweight are by corrosion-resistant
Material is made.
Compared with prior art, gas-liquid separator of the present invention is applied in micro fuel cell system, particularly volume
With significant advantage and positive effect when in limited portable fuel cell system.By being arranged at mixing in the system
The outside of liquid outlet is coated with the rigid conduit of bearing and its mouth of pipe being connected is provided with the rigid branched pipe of counterweight with one end,
Realize in small space, in all angular ranges in addition to inversion, the normal work of gas-liquid separator.Using rigid pipe
The problem that arbitrarily angled function in small spatial dimension is difficult to realize is avoided instead of flexible pipe.Meanwhile, gas-liquid separation of the present invention
Air/water separation, CO in device collection fuel cell system2Separation, negative electrode Water Sproading, anode fuel mixed liquor are reclaimed and pure fuel
(High concentration fuel)The multiple functions such as supply, not only can be empty by cathode side in direct liquid feed fuel cell system in one
Gas(Not comprising the oxygen for consuming)The separation of/aqueous water and anode-side CO2The separation of gas/unreacted fuel solution is integrally
Change, while the hybrid integrated of the recycling of negative electrode water and anode fuel feedstock solution to above-mentioned gas-liquid separator can also be worked as
In, the integrated level of system is enhanced, the volume of reduction system simplifies the structure of system.In terms of above-mentioned two a little simultaneously
For the application of portable fuel battery provides help.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 DMFCs(DMFC)Fundamental diagram;
The schematic flow sheet of fuel cell system Fig. 2 involved in the present invention;
The internal structure schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separator of Fig. 3 an embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic internal view of the stereochemical structure of the gas-liquid separator of Fig. 4 an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure:1 is anode diffusion layer;2 is anode catalyst layer;3 is PEM;4 is cathode catalysis layer;5 is negative electrode
Diffusion layer;6 is fuel cell pile cathode air inlet;7 is fuel cell pile anode;8 is fuel cell pile negative electrode;9
It is fuel cell system gas-liquid separator;10 is fuel cell system heat exchanger;11 is fan;12 is fuel cell system gas-liquid
The pure methanol inlet of separator;13 is water/CO2Entrance;14 is liquid level sensor;15 is rigid conduit;16 is conduit counterweight;17
It is fuel mixed liquor suction inlet;18 is CO2/ fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber;19 is bearing;20 is fuel mixture export;21 are
Air/water disengagement chamber;22 is CO2Outlet;23 is liquid pump interface.
Specific embodiment
A kind of direct liquid feed fuel cell of the present invention includes air/water disengagement chamber and CO with gas separating device2/ combustion
Material mixed liquor two cavitys of disengagement chamber.
Air/water disengagement chamber is connected with pile negative electrode condensator outlet, for separating liquid water and air(Do not include reaction
The oxygen of consumption), its cavity is rectangular structure, there is the gas-liquid mixture being connected with pile negative electrode condensator outlet on the wall of side
Import, is provided with screw type separation bar in cavity, top is provided with gas discharge outlet;
CO2/ fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber is connected with pile anode export, for separating unreacted fuel mixed liquor and CO2
Gas, its cavity is rectangular structure, have on the wall of side the gas-liquid mixture import that is connected with pile anode outlet manifold and
Pure fuel(High concentration fuel)Pure fuel inlet that feed pump is connected and the fuel being connected with pile anode inlet manifold
Mixture export, is provided with liquid level sensor in chamber, the probe of liquid level sensor is located at the geometric center of inner chamber;
Spirality separation bar in above-mentioned air/water disengagement chamber, its level height is consistent with gas-liquid mixture inlet height.
When on the air impingement come in by gas-liquid mixture import to spirality separation bar, eddy flow is produced to make what is carried secretly in gas
Aqueous water is sufficiently separated, and is conducive to the raising of gas-liquid separation efficiency.
Above-mentioned CO2/ fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber has centrosymmetric structure;CO2It is provided with/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber
Liquid level sensor, symmetrical centre of its probe positioned at disengagement chamber.This structure design can ensure CO2/ fuel mixed liquor is separated
During the upper operation in any direction of chamber, the probe of liquid level sensor can perceive the relative pass of liquid level and inner chamber symmetrical centre
System, i.e., for the fuel mixed liquor of same volume, this structure design can be realized going up in any direction mixing fuel in inner chamber
The Liquid level for closing liquid is controlled on the slightly above position of probe always.
Above-mentioned CO2CO is installed in/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber2Conduit is derived, the conduit can be with liquid level sensor integrally
Install, one end of conduit is located at the geometrically symmetric center of disengagement chamber, the CO on conduit other end connection separation chamber side wall2Discharge
Mouthful.Conduit uses corrosion resistant rigid material.With reference to the design of liquid level sensor probe positions, CO2Outlet tubular construction sets
Meter can ensure CO2CO during the upper operation in any direction of/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber2Discharge can be ensured.
Above-mentioned CO2/ fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber, is provided with pure fuel(High concentration fuel)Entrance, can be in external control
Pure fuel is realized under the control of circuit(High concentration fuel)Supplement.
Liquid one-way flowing valve in above-mentioned intermediate cavity, its optimal setting position is the center of air/water disengagement chamber bottom surface
Position, now the disengagement chamber normal for a long time in the range of maximum angle can run, and the disengagement chamber can in short time range
Run in any angular range.
Hydrophobicity film or hydrophobicity porous material that above-mentioned air/water disengagement chamber top is set, can be that hydrophobic PTFE is thin
Film, the wherein carbon paper or carbon cloth, super-hydrophobic polypropylene hollow fiber membrane etc. of hydrophobic treatment, hydrophobicity film or hydrophobicity porous material
Aperture be 0.1um~1um.
Above-mentioned gas-liquid separator, gas-liquid separation process when it normally runs is:
The gas-liquid mixture in air/water disengagement chamber is flowed into through condensator outlet in system, in screw type separation bar
Under effect, gas-liquid separation is completed, the gaseous material isolated is discharged to outside system through gas discharge outlet, work of the aqueous water in gravity
CO is flowed into the lower liquid one-way flowing valve through in intermediate cavity or micropump2In/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber;
CO is flowed into through pile anode export in system2Gas-liquid mixture in/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber, CO therein2
Gas is through CO2Discharge conduit air inlet/water disengagement chamber is together with the gas isolated through air/water disengagement chamber through air/water
Gas discharge outlet in disengagement chamber is discharged to outside system;Fuel mixed liquor therein with through liquid one-way flowing valve or miniature
Pump is flowed into CO2Aqueous water in/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber inner chamber and through pure fuel(High concentration fuel)It is pure that import is passed through
Fuel(High concentration fuel)After uniform mixing, pile anode is supplied by miniature pump circulation through outlet.
Compared with prior art, integrated level is high, compact conformation, can be normal in any direction in addition to inversion for the present invention
Operation, it is adaptable to direct liquid feed fuel cell system.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of micro fuel cell system gas-liquid separator, it is characterised in that:Separated including air/water successively from top to bottom
Chamber, intermediate cavity and CO2/ fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber, intermediate cavity is by air/water disengagement chamber and CO2/ fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber
Link together from top to bottom;
Gas-liquid mixture import is provided with the side wall of air/water disengagement chamber, it is connected with pile negative electrode condensator outlet, is used for
Liquid water and air is separated, screw type separation bar is provided with gas-liquid mixture import in inside cavity, in air/water point
Be provided with gas discharge outlet on the top wall of chamber cavity, on gas discharge outlet cover or block hydrophobicity film or hydrophobicity it is many
Porous materials;
CO2Gas-liquid mixture entrance and pure fuel or high concentration combustion are provided with the bottom of/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber or side wall
The fuel inlet that material feed pump is connected;Gas-liquid mixture entrance is connected with pile anode outlet manifold, for separating unreacted
Fuel mixed liquor and CO2Gas;
CO2The cavity of/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber is the symmetrical polyhedron or spheroid of geometric center, and inside cavity is provided with liquid level
Sensor, the probe of liquid level sensor is located at the geometric center of cavity;CO2The bottom of/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber be provided with
The fuel mixture export that pile anode inlet manifold is connected, is provided with a rigid conduit at fuel mixture export, rigidity
Bearing is coated with outside conduit, the outer shaft of bearing is fixed on cavity bottom wall, rigid conduit one end and fuel mixed liquor
Outlet, another to be terminated with a rigid brasnch conduct, rigid brasnch conduct one end is connected with rigid conduit, rigid brasnch conduct
Other end nose end at be provided with counterweight;The junction of rigid brasnch conduct and rigid conduit is located at the geometric center institute of cavity
In the lower section of horizontal plane;Angle between the axis of the rigid brasnch conduct and rigid conduit is 15-90 degree;
The CO2CO is installed in/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber2Derive conduit, CO2Derive conduit and the liquid level sensor one
Body is installed, CO2The one end for deriving conduit is located at CO2The geometrically symmetric center of/fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber, other end connection CO2/
A CO on fuel mixed liquor separation chamber side wall2Outlet.
2. according to gas-liquid separator described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The CO2/ fuel mixed liquor disengagement chamber exocoel and sky
Gas water disengagement chamber is rectangular structure.
3. according to gas-liquid separator described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The fuel mixture export passes through pipeline through liquid pump
Anode inlet with battery or pile is connected.
4. according to gas-liquid separator described in claim 3, it is characterised in that:
Be can be set on the liquid pump entrance pipe has pure methyl alcohol or high concentration methanol charging interface.
5. according to gas-liquid separator described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rigid brasnch conduct and rigid conduit are using resistance to
The material of corrosion is made;The bearing and counterweight are made up of resistant material, CO2Derive conduit and use corrosion resistant rigid material
Material system.
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CN104716366B true CN104716366B (en) | 2017-07-07 |
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CN106898801B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2019-08-02 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of gas-liquid separator for direct liquid feed fuel cell system |
CN106898800B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2019-06-18 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of minitype radiator and fuel cell system with gas-liquid separating function |
CN109701757A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-03 | 中科军联(张家港)新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of gas-liquid separating method and separator for direct liquid feed fuel cell |
CN111048808B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-12-25 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Water separator for fuel cell system and fuel cell anode system |
CN114530619B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-19 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell tail gas hydrogen device that disappears |
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CN100379070C (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2008-04-02 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | A fuel battery hydrogen gas cyclic utilization device adapting for low-pressure operation |
KR100528340B1 (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-11-15 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Liguid fuel mixing apparatus and fuel cell apparatus adopting the same |
JP4710243B2 (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2011-06-29 | ソニー株式会社 | Fuel mixer and fuel cell device |
KR100670348B1 (en) * | 2005-06-24 | 2007-01-16 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Liquid-gas separator for direct liquid feed fuel cell |
WO2007022467A2 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2007-02-22 | Gibbard Research & Development Corp. | Mixed reactant fuel cell system with vapor recovery and method of recovering vapor |
CN101997127B (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2013-01-30 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Gas-liquid separator used for directly liquid feeding fuel battery system |
TWI419401B (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2013-12-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Fuel cell system |
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Effective date of registration: 20181019 Address after: 215600 Jiangsu Suzhou Jiangsu Yangtze River International Chemical Industrial Park Tian Ba Road Patentee after: Amperex Technology Limited of central China (Zhangjiagang) Address before: 116023 No. 457, Zhongshan Road, Liaoning, Dalian Patentee before: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |