CN104716366A - Gas-liquid separator for miniature fuel cell systems - Google Patents
Gas-liquid separator for miniature fuel cell systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN104716366A CN104716366A CN201310692294.4A CN201310692294A CN104716366A CN 104716366 A CN104716366 A CN 104716366A CN 201310692294 A CN201310692294 A CN 201310692294A CN 104716366 A CN104716366 A CN 104716366A
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- liquid
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- fuel
- disengagement chamber
- air
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
- B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to a high energy power supply technology, and relates to a gas-liquid separator for miniature fuel cell systems. The gas-liquid separator comprises: an air/water separation chamber connected with the outlet of an electric pile cathode condenser, wherein a screw separation rod is arranged in the air/water separation chamber, and the top of the air/water separation chamber is provided with a gas outlet; a CO2 separation chamber connected with the output of an electric pile anode, wherein the CO2 separation chamber has a double layer structure, the inner cavity of the CO2 chamber is formed by cutting off the top angle from a cube and covering with a hydrophobic film or a hydrophobic porous material, and a pure fuel (high concentration fuel) inlet, a mixed fuel outlet and a liquid level sensor are arranged in the CO2 separation chamber; and a middle chamber for connecting the air/water separation chamber with the CO2 chamber, wherein the connecting position of the middle chamber and the air/water separation chamber is provided with the hydrophobic film or a hydrophobic porous material, the middle chamber is connected with the outer cavity of the CO2 separation chamber, and a liquid one-way valve or a micro-pump is arranged in the middle chamber. Compared with separators in the prior art, the separator disclosed in the invention has the advantages of high integrated level, compact structure, normal running in any direction, and suitableness for direct liquid supply fuel cell systems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas-liquid separator, especially a kind of gas-liquid separator for micro fuel cell system, it is for being separated gas in pile cathode and anode effluent and liquid simultaneously, and isolated liquefied mixture is collected in same disengagement chamber, liquefied mixture can be used as the reactive fuel of pile anode after suitably mixing with pure fuel (high concentration fuel).
Background technology
Take liquid as a kind of electrochemical reaction appts that the chemical energy in liquid fuel (as methyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl alcohol, dimethyl ether etc.) is normally converted into electric energy by the micro fuel cell system of fuel.Because this electrochemical reaction system avoids the complicated structure such as fuel reforming and purification, and fuel reservoir and easy to carry, system configuration is relatively simple, has broad application prospects in Portable power source field.
Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is the most a kind of to study in the fuel cell of liquid fuel charging at present, and its operation principle as shown in Figure 1.In the DMFC course of work, fuel (methanol aqueous solution), along the flow field channel of plate, enters Catalytic Layer through diffusion layer, under the effect of anode electrocatalyst, electrochemical oxidation reactions occurs, and generates CO
2, proton and electronics, proton is passed to cathodic region by dielectric film, and electronics enters cathodic region by external circuit acting, with the oxygen arriving cathode catalysis layer, electrochemical reducting reaction occurs under the effect of eelctro-catalyst and generates water.As the one of Portable power source, DMFC system should have the features such as efficiency is high, volume is little, lightweight, integrated level is high, workable simultaneously.For meeting little, the lightweight feature of system bulk, DMFC system adopts pure methanol feeding usually, but the too high meeting of methanol feed concentration causes methanol crossover serious, thus causes battery performance to decline, and is unfavorable for the stable operation of system and the raising of system effectiveness.For addressing this problem, the water that can generate DMFC cathode reaction on the one hand reclaim and pure methanol solution for diluting anode, this just needs the liquid water and air (removing reacts oxygen) in DMFC cathode effluent to be separated, aqueous water is introduced in methanol feeding tank simultaneously, the liquefied mixture while of wanting on the other hand in antianode effluent reclaims, the methanol solution not participating in reaction is recycled, to meet system stable operation as far as possible for a long time under the condition of only carrying a certain amount of pure methyl alcohol, this just needs the CO in DMFC anode row effluent
2gas is separated from liquefied mixture.
At present, the gas-liquid separator of direct liquid feed fuel cell system is applied to usually by the water/air separator be connected with pile cathode side condenser and the CO be connected with pile anode export
2separator two parts form.Its liquefied mixture separated and water are passed in fuel-feed tank through tube connector, mix to supply pile anode as the fuel needed for fuel cell reaction afterwards with the pure fuel (high concentration fuel) added.The space that the gas-liquid separator of this structure takies in systems in which is comparatively large, and integrated level is not high, needs other container as fuel-feed tank, is unfavorable for the raising of system total efficiency.Simultaneously, due to the application prospect of micro fuel cell system portable electric source domain again, its weight to fuel cell system, volume requirement are strict, and therefore, the problem solving gas-liquid separation in narrow and small volumetric spaces is a difficult point of the research and development of current gas-liquid separator and application.
On the other hand, traditional direct liquid feed fuel cell system gas-liquid separator all has certain sensitiveness to direction, namely normally can only run on a certain fixing direction.When the direction that it is placed changes, this separator is not only inoperative to gas-liquid separation, liquid also can be caused simultaneously to enter the phenomenon of fuel mix tank from gas outlet channels leakage and gas, thus affect the normal work of fuel cell system.Therefore, the problem of gas-liquid separator directional sensitivity is a major issue of the direct liquid feed fuel cell system application of impact at present.
The present invention be mainly devoted to solve in the small space of micro fuel cell system gas-liquid separator may occur in actual applications the situation such as to topple under the problem that still can normally work.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of micro fuel cell system gas-liquid separator, this gas-liquid separator collection air/water is separated and CO
2be separated into one, unreacted for anode-side fuel mix liquid and cathode side are reacted the Water Sproading that generates in same disengagement chamber, the certain density fuel mix liquid of direct liquid feed fuel cell system stable operation also is finally obtained being suitable for for mixing with pure fuel (high concentration fuel), this gas-liquid separator is in small space simultaneously, the problem that still can normally work under the situation such as toppling over.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
For a gas-liquid separator for direct liquid feed fuel cell system, comprise air/water disengagement chamber and CO successively from top to bottom
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber, air/water disengagement chamber and CO
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber is linked together by pipeline;
The sidewall of air/water disengagement chamber is provided with gas-liquid mixture import, it is connected with pile negative electrode condensator outlet, for separating of liquid water and air, in inside cavity, gas-liquid mixture import department is provided with spiral type separation bar, the top wall of air/water disengagement chamber cavity is provided with gas discharge outlet, gas discharge outlet covers or shutoff hydrophobicity film or hydrophobicity porous material;
CO
2the fuel inlet that the bottom of/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber or sidewall are provided with gas-liquid mixture entrance, are connected with pure fuel or high concentration fuel feed pump; Gas-liquid mixture entrance is connected with pile anode outlet manifold, for separating of unreacted fuel mix liquid and CO
2gas;
CO
2the cavity of/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber is polyhedron or the spheroid of geometric center symmetry, and inside cavity is provided with liquid level sensor, and the probe of liquid level sensor is positioned at the geometric center of cavity; CO
2the bottom of/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber is provided with the fuel mix liquid be connected with pile anode inlet manifold and exports, a rigid conduit is provided with in fuel mix liquid exit, rigid conduit outside is coated with bearing, the outer shaft of bearing is fixed on cavity bottom wall, rigid conduit one end and fuel mix liquid outlet, the other end is connected to a rigidity brasnch conduct, and rigidity brasnch conduct one end is connected with rigid conduit, and the other end nose end place of rigidity brasnch conduct is provided with counterweight; The junction of rigidity brasnch conduct and rigid conduit is positioned at the below of the geometric center place horizontal plane of cavity.
Angle between the axis of described rigidity brasnch conduct and rigid conduit is 15-90 degree.
Described CO
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber exocoel and air/water disengagement chamber are rectangular structure.
Described fuel mix liquid outlet is connected by the anode inlet of pipeline with battery or pile through liquid pump.
Described liquid pump entrance pipe can be provided with pure methyl alcohol or high concentration methanol charging interface.
Described rigidity brasnch conduct and rigid conduit adopt corrosion-resistant material to make; Described bearing and counterweight are made up of resistant material.
Compared with prior art, there is when gas-liquid separator of the present invention is applied in the limited portable fuel cell system of micro fuel cell system, particularly volume significant advantage and positive effect.Outside by being arranged at mixture export in this system is coated with the rigidity branched pipe that the rigid conduit of bearing and it is connected with one end the mouth of pipe are provided with counterweight, achieve in small space, in all angular ranges except being inverted, the normal work of gas-liquid separator.Rigid pipe is adopted to replace flexible pipe to avoid the problem that in little spatial dimension, arbitrarily angled function not easily realizes.Meanwhile, air in gas-liquid separator collection fuel cell system of the present invention/water is separated, CO
2the multiple functions such as separation, the recovery of negative electrode Water Sproading, anode fuel mixed liquor and pure fuel (high concentration fuel) supply, not only can by the separation of cathode side air (not comprising used up oxygen)/aqueous water in direct liquid feed fuel cell system and anode-side CO in one
2the isolation integral of gas/unreacted fuel solution, simultaneously can also by the hybrid integrated of the recycling of negative electrode water and anode fuel feedstock solution in the middle of above-mentioned gas-liquid separator, enhance the integrated level of system, the volume of reduction system, simplify the structure of system.Above-mentioned two aspects a little simultaneously for the application of portable fuel battery provides help.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) fundamental diagram;
The schematic flow sheet of the fuel cell system that Fig. 2 is involved in the present invention;
The internal structure schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separator of Fig. 3 an embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic internal view of the stereochemical structure of the gas-liquid separator of Fig. 4 an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1 is anode diffusion layer; 2 is anode catalyst layer; 3 is proton exchange membrane; 4 is cathode catalysis layer; 5 is cathode diffusion layer; 6 is fuel cell pile cathode air inlet; 7 is fuel cell pile anode; 8 is fuel cell pile negative electrode; 9 is fuel cell system gas-liquid separator; 10 is fuel cell system heat exchanger; 11 is fan; 12 is the pure methanol inlet of fuel cell system gas-liquid separator; 13 is water/CO
2entrance; 14 is liquid level sensor; 15 is rigid conduit; 16 is conduit counterweight; 17 is fuel mix liquid suction inlet; 18 is CO
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber; 19 is bearing; 20 is the outlet of fuel mix liquid; 21 is air/water disengagement chamber; 22 is CO
2outlet; 23 is liquid pump interface.
Embodiment
The direct liquid feed fuel cell gas separating device of one of the present invention comprises air/water disengagement chamber and CO
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber two cavitys.
Air/water disengagement chamber is connected with pile negative electrode condensator outlet, for separating of liquid water and air (not comprising the oxygen that reaction consumes), its cavity is rectangular structure, sidewall there is the gas-liquid mixture import be connected with pile negative electrode condensator outlet, be provided with spiral type separation bar in cavity, top is provided with gas discharge outlet;
CO
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber is connected with pile anode export, for separating of unreacted fuel mix liquid and CO
2gas, its cavity is rectangular structure, sidewall have the gas-liquid mixture import be connected with pile anode outlet manifold, the pure fuel inlet be connected with pure fuel (high concentration fuel) feed pump and the fuel mix liquid that is connected with pile anode inlet manifold exports, be provided with liquid level sensor in chamber, the probe of liquid level sensor is positioned at the geometric center of inner chamber;
Spirality separation bar in above-mentioned air/water disengagement chamber, its level height is consistent with gas-liquid mixture inlet height.When on the air impingement of being come in by gas-liquid mixture import to spirality separation bar, produce eddy flow and the aqueous water carried secretly in gas can be made to be separated fully, be conducive to the raising of gas-liquid separation efficiency.
Above-mentioned CO
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber has centrosymmetric structure; CO
2be provided with liquid level sensor in/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber, its probe is positioned at the symmetrical centre of disengagement chamber.This structural design can ensure CO
2when/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber operates in any direction, the probe of liquid level sensor can perceive the relativeness of liquid level and inner chamber symmetrical centre, namely for the fuel mix liquid of same volume, this structural design can be implemented on any direction and is controlled by the Liquid level of fuel mix liquid in inner chamber always on the position a little more than probe.
Above-mentioned CO
2in/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber, CO is installed
2derive conduit, this conduit can be installed with liquid level sensor one, and one end of conduit is positioned at the geometry symmetrical centre of disengagement chamber, and the conduit other end connects the CO on separation chamber side wall
2outlet.Conduit adopts corrosion resistant rigid material.In conjunction with the design of liquid level sensor probe positions, CO
2the design of outlet tubular construction can ensure CO
2cO during the upper operation in any direction of/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber
2can ensure to discharge.
Above-mentioned CO
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber, is provided with pure fuel (high concentration fuel) entrance, can realize supplementing of pure fuel (high concentration fuel) under the control of external control circuit.
Liquid one-way flowing valve in above-mentioned intermediate cavity, its optimum setting position is the center of air/water disengagement chamber bottom surface, now this disengagement chamber can normally run for a long time within the scope of maximum angle, and this disengagement chamber can run in any angular range in short time range.
The hydrophobicity film that above-mentioned air/water disengagement chamber top is arranged or hydrophobicity porous material, can be hydrophobic PTFE film, the carbon paper of hydrophobic process or carbon cloth, super-hydrophobic polypropylene hollow fiber membrane etc., wherein the aperture of hydrophobicity film or hydrophobicity porous material be 0.1um ~ 1um.
Above-mentioned gas-liquid separator, gas-liquid separation process when it normally runs is:
In system, condensator outlet flow into the gas-liquid mixture in air/water disengagement chamber, under the effect of spiral type separation bar, complete gas-liquid separation, isolated gaseous material is discharged to outside system through gas discharge outlet, and the liquid one-way flowing valve of aqueous water under gravity in intermediate cavity or micropump flow into CO
2in/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber;
In system, pile anode export flow into CO
2gas-liquid mixture in/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber, CO wherein
2gas is through CO
2discharge conduit enters air/water disengagement chamber and is discharged to outside system with the gas discharge outlet together with the isolated gas of air/water disengagement chamber in air/water disengagement chamber; Fuel mix liquid wherein with flow into CO through liquid one-way flowing valve or micropump
2aqueous water in/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber inner chamber and after pure fuel (high concentration fuel) Homogeneous phase mixing that pure fuel (high concentration fuel) import passes into, through outlet by micropump circulation supply pile anode.
Compared with prior art, integrated level is high, compact conformation in the present invention, normally can run, be applicable to direct liquid feed fuel cell system at any direction except being inverted.
Claims (6)
1. a micro fuel cell system gas-liquid separator, is characterized in that: comprise air/water disengagement chamber, intermediate cavity and CO successively from top to bottom
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber, intermediate cavity is by air/water disengagement chamber and CO
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber links together from top to bottom;
The sidewall of air/water disengagement chamber is provided with gas-liquid mixture import, it is connected with pile negative electrode condensator outlet, for separating of liquid water and air, in inside cavity, gas-liquid mixture import department is provided with spiral type separation bar, the top wall of air/water disengagement chamber cavity is provided with gas discharge outlet, gas discharge outlet covers or shutoff hydrophobicity film or hydrophobicity porous material;
CO
2the fuel inlet that the bottom of/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber or sidewall are provided with gas-liquid mixture entrance, are connected with pure fuel or high concentration fuel feed pump; Gas-liquid mixture entrance is connected with pile anode outlet manifold, for separating of unreacted fuel mix liquid and CO
2gas;
CO
2the cavity of/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber is polyhedron or the spheroid of geometric center symmetry, and inside cavity is provided with liquid level sensor, and the probe of liquid level sensor is positioned at the geometric center of cavity; CO
2the bottom of/fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber is provided with the fuel mix liquid be connected with pile anode inlet manifold and exports, a rigid conduit is provided with in fuel mix liquid exit, rigid conduit outside is coated with bearing, the outer shaft of bearing is fixed on cavity bottom wall, rigid conduit one end and fuel mix liquid outlet, the other end is connected to a rigidity brasnch conduct, and rigidity brasnch conduct one end is connected with rigid conduit, and the other end nose end place of rigidity brasnch conduct is provided with counterweight; The junction of rigidity brasnch conduct and rigid conduit is positioned at the below of the geometric center place horizontal plane of cavity.
2. according to gas-liquid separator described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the angle between the axis of described rigidity brasnch conduct and rigid conduit is 15-90 degree.
3. according to gas-liquid separator described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described CO
2/ fuel mix liquid disengagement chamber exocoel and air/water disengagement chamber are rectangular structure.
4. according to gas-liquid separator described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fuel mix liquid outlet is connected by the anode inlet of pipeline with battery or pile through liquid pump.
5., according to gas-liquid separator described in claim 4, it is characterized in that:
Described liquid pump entrance pipe can be provided with pure methyl alcohol or high concentration methanol charging interface.
6. according to gas-liquid separator described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rigidity brasnch conduct and rigid conduit adopt corrosion-resistant material to make; Described bearing and counterweight are made up of resistant material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310692294.4A CN104716366B (en) | 2013-12-15 | 2013-12-15 | A kind of micro fuel cell system gas-liquid separator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310692294.4A CN104716366B (en) | 2013-12-15 | 2013-12-15 | A kind of micro fuel cell system gas-liquid separator |
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| CN104716366A true CN104716366A (en) | 2015-06-17 |
| CN104716366B CN104716366B (en) | 2017-07-07 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106898801A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of gas-liquid separator for direct liquid feed fuel cell system |
| CN106898800A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of minitype radiator and fuel cell system with gas-liquid separating function |
| CN109701757A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-03 | 中科军联（张家港）新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of gas-liquid separating method and separator for direct liquid feed fuel cell |
| CN111048808A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-21 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Water separator for fuel cell system and fuel cell anode system |
| CN114530619A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-05-24 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell tail gas hydrogen device that disappears |
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| CN109701757A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-03 | 中科军联（张家港）新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of gas-liquid separating method and separator for direct liquid feed fuel cell |
| CN111048808A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-21 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Water separator for fuel cell system and fuel cell anode system |
| CN111048808B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-12-25 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Water separator for fuel cell system and fuel cell anode system |
| CN114530619A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-05-24 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell tail gas hydrogen device that disappears |
| CN114530619B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-19 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell tail gas hydrogen device that disappears |
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Effective date of registration: 20181019 Address after: 215600 Jiangsu Suzhou Jiangsu Yangtze River International Chemical Industrial Park Tian Ba Road Patentee after: Amperex Technology Limited of central China (Zhangjiagang) Address before: 116023 No. 457, Zhongshan Road, Liaoning, Dalian Patentee before: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |
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