CN104713646A - Broadband spectrometer and spectrum reconstruction method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband spectrometer and a spectrum reconstruction method thereof. The spectrometer comprises a light splitter, an array type detection chip and a data collection and analysis system. Incident light of different frequencies passes through the light splitter and then forms different light intensity distributions on the surface of the array type detection chip, and the incident light of the same frequency passes through different portions of the light splitter and generates different light intensity angle distributions. The spectrometer further comprises a light wavelength conversion component arranged in front of or behind the light splitter, the light wavelength conversion component comprises a wavelength conversion layer, and the wavelength conversion layer comprises at least one wavelength conversion optical material. A part or all of absorption spectrums of the wavelength conversion optical materials exceed the detection range of the array type detection chip, and all emission spectrums of the wavelength conversion optical materials are within the detection range of the array type detection chip. Compared with the prior art, the broadband spectrometer has the advantages of being simple in structure, low in price, high in sensitivity, wide in spectral measurement range and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spectrometer, particularly relate to a kind of wide band light spectrometer and the spectrum recovering method thereof with wider survey frequency scope, belong to field of optical measuring technologies.
Background technology
Spectrometer is research, the optical instrument measuring the frequency of optical radiation, strength characteristics and Changing Pattern thereof.Chromatic dispersion principle, diffraction principle or optical modulation principle that it should be used up, by the optical radiation of different frequency according to certain rule separately, form spectrum, coordinate a series of optics, precision optical machinery, electronics and computer system, realize the frequency of optical radiation and the micrometric measurement of intensity and research.Spectrometer has the advantages such as analysis precision is high, measurement range is large, speed is fast, is widely used in the fields such as metallurgy, geologic prospecting, biomedicine, petrochemical complex, astronomical sight, environmental protection.
In recent years due to the modernization development in the fields such as environmental monitoring, modern agriculture, military analysis and industrial flow monitoring, require analytical instrument miniaturization, lightweight, also require that instrument is wide in measurement frequency range, resolution is high, vibration and interference resistance is strong at special occasions (as environmental protection, field, Site Detection, spaceborne analysis detection etc.), stable and reliable for performance.Therefore, a kind of microminiaturized, integrated, intelligentized spectrometer is needed.Its power consumption is little, voltage is low, easy to use and flexible, the ratio of performance to price are high, and can obtain spectral signal fast, in real time, intuitively.And at present the widely used spectrometer of institute not only resolution is not high enough, measure frequency band wide not, and the deficiency such as ubiquity volume is large, expensive, Installation and Debugging are difficult, service condition is harsh.As Fourier transform spectrometer, not only volume is comparatively large, and to vibration sensing, its resolution is by the impact of the moving range of index glass.Although optical grating diffraction type spectrometer grating used volume is relatively little, but this kind of spectrometer resolution is not high, and expensive [Yang Jae-chang, et al.Micro-electro-mechanical-systems-basedinfrared spectrometer composed of multi-slit grating and bolometer array, Jap.J.of Appl.Phys.47 (8), 6943-6948 (2008)].
For solving the problem, the Tao Yang seminar of Nanjing Univ. of Posts and Telecommunications proposes a series of micro spectrometer based on different light-splitting device and spectrum recovering method thereof in the recent period, such as, publication number is CN102564586A disclosed in the 11 days July in 2012, and title is the Chinese invention patent of " diffraction hole arrays structure mini spectrometer and high-resolution spectroscopy restored method thereof "; Publication number is CN 103196557A disclosed in the 10 days July in 2013, the Chinese invention patent that name is called " a kind of spectrometer "; Publication number is CN103063299A disclosed in the 24 days April in 2013, the Chinese invention patent that name is called " a kind of micro spectrometer ", etc.Its core component is the light-splitting device be structured on CCD or CMOS, light-splitting device can make the incident light of different frequency through forming different light distribution on array detection chip surface later, and the light intensity angle distribution that the incident light of same frequency produces through the different parts of light-splitting device is also different.Therefore can, by measuring the luminous power of a series of different pixel in CCD or CMOS, the method solving large linear systems just can be utilized to restore spectrum.Compared with traditional grating spectrograph or Fourier transform spectrometer, its volume is little, frequency resolution is high, spectral measurement ranges is wide, can realize static measurement in real time.
But, the measurement range of above-mentioned spectral measurement device is all limited by the frequency range that the array detection chip such as used CCD or CMOS can detect, once incident light frequency exceeds the investigative range of array detection chip, then cannot carry out spectral measurement, this can produce larger impact to practical application.Such as, because the electronic spectrum of most of molecule is in ultraviolet region, the electronics of the chemical reaction of material mainly molecule determines, utilize the electronic spectrum of molecule can carry out the relevant molecular spectroscopy techniques work such as Molecular characterization analysis, quantitative test, structure analysis and molecular chemical reaction, therefore the measurement of ultraviolet spectrum has become the important development direction of present spectral measurement research.And for example in organic molecule, the atom of constitutional chemistry key or functional group is in the state of constantly vibration, and the vibration frequency of its vibration frequency and infrared light is suitable.So, during with Infrared irradiation organic molecule, can absorption of vibrations be there is in the chemical bond in molecule or functional group, different chemical bonds or functional group's absorption frequency difference, infrared spectrum will be in diverse location, thus can obtain by measuring infrared spectrum the information containing which kind of chemical bond or functional group in molecule.And the wavelength detection scope of common CCD or CMOS is generally at 400nm to 1000nm, therefore, the application based on the spectrometer of CCD or CMOS receives restriction.
In summary, a kind of spectral measurement device simultaneously having the advantages such as structure is simple, cheap, highly sensitive, spectral measurement ranges is wide concurrently is needed badly.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome prior art deficiency, provides a kind of the wide band light spectrometer and the spectrum recovering method thereof that have the advantages such as structure is simple, cheap, highly sensitive, spectral measurement ranges is wide concurrently.
The present invention is concrete by the following technical solutions:
A kind of wide band light spectrometer, comprises light-splitting device, array detection chip, and the data collection and transmission be connected with described array detection chip; Described light-splitting device can make the incident light of different frequency through forming different light distribution on array detection chip surface later, and the light intensity angle distribution that the incident light of same frequency produces through the different parts of light-splitting device is also different; Described wide band light spectrometer also comprises the light wavelength conversion member be arranged at before or after described light-splitting device, and described light wavelength conversion member comprises wavelength conversion layer, comprises at least one wavelength converting optical material in described wavelength conversion layer; The part or all of absorption spectrum of described wavelength converting optical material exceeds the investigative range of described array detection chip, and its emission spectrum is all in the investigative range of described array detection chip.
Preferably, described wavelength conversion layer is the composite bed be made up of at least two kinds of different wave length switchable optical material.
Further, described wide band light spectrometer also comprises the optical collimator for collimating incident light.
Light-splitting device in technique scheme can adopt the various existing structure maybe will had, as long as the incident light of different frequency can be made through forming different light distribution on array detection chip surface later, and the light intensity angle distribution that the incident light of same frequency produces through the different parts of light-splitting device is also different.Be below several preferred version:
Described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, and at least one of described transparent substrates is fixed with at least one deck clear coat on the surface, includes the bubble of a packet size or shape uneven distribution in described clear coat.
Described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, a surface of described transparent substrates is attached with the light blocking layer that opaque material makes, light blocking layer is provided with the opening diffracting two-dimensional array be made up of a series of opening diffracting with different pore size size, and each opening diffracting aperture size and lambda1-wavelength close.
Described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, at least one of described transparent substrates is fixed with at least one deck nanoparticle coating on the surface, described nanoparticle coating is made up of the transparent particles of one group of nanometer to micro-meter scale, and the skewness of the size of transparent particles or shape.
Described light-splitting device comprises opaque substrate, described opaque substrate is fixed with one deck film of nanoparticles on the surface of incident light, described film of nanoparticles comprises the opaque material particle that differ in size of one group of nanometer to micro-nano-scale, and described opaque material particle is uneven distribution in film of nanoparticles.
Described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, at least one of described transparent substrates is fixed with one deck film of nanoparticles on the surface, described film of nanoparticles comprises the opaque material particle that differ in size of one group of nanometer to micro-nano-scale, and described opaque material particle is uneven distribution in film of nanoparticles.
Wherein, first three plants preferred version all can increase level of integrated system further by following two kinds of technical schemes, reduces equipment volume:
Described light wavelength conversion member and light-splitting device share same transparent substrates, wavelength conversion layer is attached to a side surface of described transparent substrates incident light dorsad, and clear coat, light blocking layer or nanoparticle coating are attached to the side surface of described transparent substrates towards incident light.
Light-splitting device is using the wavelength conversion layer of light wavelength conversion member as transparent substrates.
As above the spectrum recovering method of wide band light spectrometer described in arbitrary technical scheme, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the frequency range that described wide band light spectrometer can detect is divided into the frequency band that n frequency range is Δ f, n be greater than 3 integer, the centre frequency of each frequency band is f
1, f
2... f
n; The frequency range that wide band light spectrometer can detect is determined in accordance with the following methods: select frequency maxima and frequency minima the frequency range that the absorption spectrum of all wavelengths switchable optical material comprised from light wavelength conversion member and array detection chip can detect, the frequency range between described frequency maxima and frequency minima is the frequency range that described wide band light spectrometer can detect;
Step 2, make incident light to be measured successively by light wavelength conversion member, light-splitting device, measure the optical power value that in described array detection chip, n pixel detects, be designated as P
1, P
2... P
n;
Step 3, obtain each frequency component f in incident light to be measured by solving following matrix equation
1, f
2..., f
nsize P (f
1), P (f
2) ..., P (f
n):
In formula, C
ij(i=1,2 ... n) (j=1,2 ... n) represent that centre frequency is f
jthe light of frequency band when through with without described light-splitting device, in a described array detection chip n pixel, the ratio of the optical power value that i-th pixel detects, records by experiment in advance;
Step 4, to P (f
1), P (f
2) ..., P (f
n) carry out linear fit, and through spectral calibration, obtain the spectrum of incident light to be measured.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, volume is little.The light wavelength conversion member that the present invention uses and light-splitting device are all the particle coatings of nanometer or micron level, and have a lot of pixels, so whole system reduces greatly with existing commercial spectrometers phase specific volume in the less area of detection array chip.
2, cost is low.The light wavelength conversion member used in wide band light spectrometer of the present invention and light-splitting device all can adopt existing maturation process technology to prepare, and its cost of manufacture is low, and easy to make; And array detection chip can adopt CCD or CMOS of existing maturation, therefore whole system cost is lower.
3, there is higher resolution.The resolution of spectrum determines primarily of the quantity of pixel in detection array chip, and the pixel of detection array chip can reach more than 1,000,000, so whole spectrometer can reach very high frequency resolution at present.
4, there is wider spectral measurement ranges.Wide band light spectrometer of the present invention is expanded spectral measurement ranges by light wavelength conversion member, the restriction of the maximum spectral range making the spectral range of this spectrometer detection not can detect by spectrometer detector used.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a wide band light spectrometer of the present invention preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of a kind of light-splitting device that wide band light spectrometer of the present invention uses;
Fig. 3 is a kind of absorption spectrum of wavelength converting optical material;
Fig. 4 is the emission spectrum of this wavelength converting optical material;
In figure, each label implication is as follows: 1, light wavelength conversion member, and 2, light-splitting device, 3, array detection chip, 4, collimation concave mirror, 5, diaphragm.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail:
Thinking of the present invention is based on the spectral measurement device basis of light-splitting device existing, introduce the light wavelength conversion member with the wavelength conversion layer be made up of wavelength converting optical material in the optical path, to the wavelength convert of the incident light of array detection chip investigative range be exceeded to array detection chip investigative range, and utilize the method solving large-scale matrix equation to restore spectrum, thus effectively expand the measurement range of spectrometer entirety, make the overall measurement range of spectrometer no longer be subject to the limitation of array detection chip investigative range.
Before technical solution of the present invention is described in detail, first the substance of wavelength converting optical material is briefly introduced.
Material for transformation of wave length used in the present invention, can be up-conversion luminescent material, down-conversion luminescent material etc. all there is the material that the light absorbing a kind of wavelength launches the characteristic of another kind of wavelength.Stokes' law thinks that some material can be subject to high-octane optical excitation, sends low-energy light, in other words, is exactly the low light of the high frequency inspiring wavelength length of the short frequency of wavelength.Such as ultraviolet excites and sends visible ray.Such material is exactly down-conversion luminescent material.On the contrary, some material can realize the illumination effect just in time contrary with above-mentioned law, so we are called anti-Stokes luminescence, also known as up-conversion luminescence, such material is called up-conversion luminescent material.
Certainly, if the laser that the only light intensity measured by spectrometer is stronger, material for transformation of wave length also can adopt optical nonlinearity material, such as double-frequency material etc.
Light wavelength conversion member of the present invention all can realize the expansion of spectral measurement ranges before or after being arranged at light-splitting device, but consider that the emission spectrum of most existing wavelength convert luminescent material is narrower, in order to make light after light-splitting device, the light of different wave length is more remarkable in the light distribution difference on formation formula detection chip surface, thus be conducive to restoring spectrum by the method for solution matrix equation, after light wavelength conversion member is preferably arranged at light-splitting device by the present invention, namely between light-splitting device and array detection chip.
Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of wide band light spectrometer of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, this wide band light spectrometer comprises the optical collimator, light-splitting device 2, light wavelength conversion member 1, the array detection chip 3 that set gradually along light path incident direction, and the data collection and transmission (not shown in figure 1) be connected with described array detection chip 3.Wherein, light wavelength conversion member 1 comprises transparent substrates and (also can not need, namely direct using wavelength conversion layer directly as light wavelength conversion member 1) and be attached to the wavelength conversion layer on described transparent substrates surface, comprise at least one wavelength converting optical material in described wavelength conversion layer; The part or all of absorption spectrum of described wavelength converting optical material exceeds the investigative range of described array detection chip, and its emission spectrum is all in the investigative range of described array detection chip.In order to further expand measurement range and improve integrated level, the composite bed that described wavelength conversion layer is preferably made up of at least two kinds of different wave length switchable optical material.Light-splitting device 2 can make the incident light of different frequency through forming different light distribution later, and the incident light of same frequency is also different through the light intensity angle distribution that the different parts of light-splitting device produces; Like this, the luminous power that can arrive according to each pixel detecting of array detection chip 3, utilizes the method solving large-scale matrix equation to restore spectrum.It is directional light that optical collimator is used for incident light collimation, and can adopt existing various structure, the optical collimator in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, is made up of two collimation concave mirrors 4 and diaphragm 5.
Light-splitting device 2 used in the present invention can adopt the existing structure maybe will had, as long as the incident light of different frequency can be made through forming different (scattering and/or diffraction) light distribution later, and the incident light of same frequency is also different through (scattering and/or diffraction) light intensity angle distribution that the different parts of light-splitting device produces.Enumerate several preferred version below:
The first scheme:
As shown in Figure 2, described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, and at least one of described transparent substrates is fixed with at least one deck clear coat on the surface, includes the bubble of a packet size or shape uneven distribution in described clear coat.
When adopting this light-splitting device, incident light is through the diffraction that can occur during each bubble differed in size in bubble coating in various degree and interference, specific as follows:
1, the light of different wave length is mapped to the same area of same bubble, and the angle of diffraction of the different wave length diffraction light of outgoing is different, can form certain diffraction intensity distribution.
2, the light of Same Wavelength is by the different parts of same bubble, can form interference after outgoing.Because Air Bubble Size is different, the phase differential between emergent light is different, and interference light intensity is also different.
3, by there is diffraction after the different parts of different bubble in the light of Same Wavelength, also can interfere between the diffraction light that the direction of propagation is identical.
Due to interference and diffraction effect, when incident light is by after bubble coating, will form certain interference and diffraction Light distribation below it, pixels different in final detection array chip will collect the luminous power differed in size.
This light-splitting device can adopt existing maturation process to prepare, such as, wherein a kind of method is: by helium, neon, argon gas, the inert gas such as Krypton or xenon is injected in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and derivant thereof or the polymer melt such as polystyrene (PS) or polycarbonate (PC) continuously, and by ultrasound wave, inert gas bubble is carried out refinement, after in thing melt to be polymerized, air bubble content and distribution level off to and stablize, be coated in transparent substrates on the surface, then cooling makes polymer melt be solidified as polymer coating, like this, skewness will be produced in polymer coating, bubble not of uniform size.Second method is: at a certain temperature, by dissolution of polymer such as PMMA, PS or PC to (such as tetrahydrofuran, acetone, toluene etc.) in organic solvent, obtain the solution of the polymkeric substance such as PMMA, PS or PC, then by its spin coating on a transparent substrate, and slow cooling is to room temperature, in the process of cooling, the volatilization of solvent causes producing different pore in formed polymer coating.
First scheme:
Described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, a surface of described transparent substrates is attached with the light blocking layer that opaque material makes, light blocking layer is provided with the opening diffracting two-dimensional array be made up of a series of opening diffracting with different pore size size, and each opening diffracting aperture size and lambda1-wavelength close.
When adopting this light-splitting device, incident light is through the diffraction that can occur during each opening diffracting differed in size in opening diffracting two-dimensional array in various degree, to form certain diffraction light distribution below it, pixels different in final detection array chip will collect the luminous power differed in size.
The transparent substrates of this light-splitting device can use polymeric material, and light blocking layer is light-proof material, can use crome metal, and evaporation coating method can be adopted to make.The making of opening diffracting can adopt the method for ion etching, and the ion beam focusing namely sent with ion generator is on light blocking layer surface, and etched by the active position of precise hard_drawn tuhes ion beam and time, photoetching is also one of optional method in addition.
The third scheme:
Described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, at least one of described transparent substrates is fixed with at least one deck nanoparticle coating on the surface, described nanoparticle coating is made up of the transparent particles of one group of nanometer to micro-meter scale, and the skewness of the size of transparent particles or shape.
Scattering can be there is time each transparent particles (or title nano particle) that incident light does not wait through size/in nanoparticle coating or shape.Different from the relative size of each optical wavelength to be measured according to the particle diameter of each transparent particles, this scattering can be Rayleigh scattering or Mie scattering.When generation above-mentioned two class scattering phenomenons one of them or both sometimes, incident light is after nanoparticle coating, and some light can depart from the former direction of propagation.And because each Nanoparticle Size in nanoparticle coating is different, skewness, the angle skewness of each wavelength light energy, finally these light are radiated in array detection chip, and each pixel will collect a series of luminous power differed in size.Therefore, the mode of solution matrix equation can be utilized equally to carry out spectrum recovering.
Above-mentioned light-splitting device is prepared by following methods: first preparation comprises the mixing suspension of different size transparent particles, then makes the transparent particles in mixing suspension be deposited on transparent substrates surface by electrostatic self-assembled method.
4th kind of scheme:
Described light-splitting device comprises opaque substrate, described opaque substrate is fixed with one deck film of nanoparticles on the surface of incident light, described film of nanoparticles comprises the opaque material particle that differ in size of one group of nanometer to micro-nano-scale, and described opaque material particle is uneven distribution in film of nanoparticles.
Because the size of opaque material particle is different, irregular arrangement, therefore the illumination of different frequency is mapped on film of nanoparticles and can forms different scattered light intensity distributions, and the light of same frequency is after the opaque material particle scattering of same position, its scattered light intensity is also different.Like this, the pixel at the diverse location place in array detection chip may detect different scattered light power.The mode of solution matrix equation is utilized to carry out spectrum recovering.
Wherein opaque material particle can adopt silver or other metal material, and the methods such as the Electrostatic Absorption of existing maturation, vapour deposition can be adopted to prepare this light-splitting device.
5th kind of scheme:
Described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, at least one of described transparent substrates is fixed with one deck film of nanoparticles on the surface, described film of nanoparticles comprises the opaque material particle that differ in size of one group of nanometer to micro-nano-scale, and described opaque material particle is uneven distribution in film of nanoparticles.
Similar with the 4th kind of scheme, because the size of opaque material particle is different, irregular arrangement, therefore the illumination of different frequency is mapped on film of nanoparticles and can forms different scattered light intensity distributions, and the light of same frequency is after the opaque material particle scattering of same position, its scattered light intensity is also different.
In first three kind scheme, incident light is through light-splitting device (namely spectrometer shown in Fig. 1 adopts this type of light-splitting device), and light wavelength conversion member and array detection chip are set in turn in the side of light-splitting device incident light dorsad; Then in two schemes, light wavelength conversion member and array detection chip are set in turn in the side of light-splitting device towards incident light; Therefore, first three plants scheme all can increase level of integrated system further by following technical scheme, reduces equipment volume:
Described light wavelength conversion member and light-splitting device share same transparent substrates, wavelength conversion layer is attached to a side surface of described transparent substrates incident light dorsad, and clear coat, light blocking layer or nanoparticle coating are attached to the side surface of described transparent substrates towards incident light; Or, directly with using wavelength conversion layer as the transparent substrates of light-splitting device; Or, using wavelength conversion layer as the clear coat of light-splitting device or nanoparticle coating.Like this, the device of two kinds of difference in functionalitys can be become one, significantly can reduce system bulk on the one hand, can technological process be reduced on the other hand.
Wavelength converting optical material in wide band light spectrometer of the present invention can adopt existing maybe by the various upper conversion that has or lower transition material, as long as meet the investigative range that part or all of absorption spectrum exceeds described array detection chip, and emission spectrum is all in the investigative range of described array detection chip, then all can the measurement range of effective spread spectrum instrument.One lower switchable optical material (MOF) Eu3 (MFDA) 4 (NO3) (DMF) 3 (H2MFDA=9 is adopted in the present embodiment, 9-dimethylfluorene-2, 7-dicarboxylic acid) [Xinhui Zhou et al, A microporous luminescenteuropium metal – organic framework for nitro explosive sensing, Dalton Trans., 2013, 42, 5718-5723], its absorption spectrum and emission spectrum are respectively as Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, absorption spectrum ranges is approximately at 250nm ~ 450nm, emission spectrum scope is approximately at 590nm ~ 640nm, array detection chip in the present embodiment adopts model to be the CCD chip of SONY-ICX285AL, its detecting band is approximately 400nm ~ 1000nm.So adopt the light wavelength conversion member that this material is made, the wavelength detection scope expansion of spectrometer can be made about to 250nm ~ 1000nm, wider than the detection wavelength coverage of detection chip itself.
Introduce the concrete preparation method of above-mentioned lower convert light material below:
2.03 gram of 2,7-bis-bromo-9 Fluorenone is dissolved in the tetrahydrofuran of 220 milliliters, and this solution is cooled to subzero 78 degrees Celsius.Then in 10 minutes, in solution, slowly add the lithium methide (16mmol) of 7.5 milliliters.After one hour, the tert-butyl lithium of 24 milliliters (31.2mmol) were slowly added in solution with 30 minutes.After two hours, in solution, lead to the carbon dioxide of an and a half hours, then cooling bath is removed, obtain suspending liquid.After this suspending liquid at room temperature stirs 1 hour, decompression distillation obtains solid.Then by the dissolution of solid that obtains in the water of 90 milliliters, then the methylene chloride of 20 milliliters is added while stirring and the concentrated hydrochloric acid of 4 milliliters obtains pink solid sediment, hot wash more after filtering, and 40 degrees Celsius of dryings 12 hours, just obtain 9-methyl-9-hydroxyl-Fluorenone-2,7-dicarboxylic acid (H
2mHFDA).
Then by 28.4 milligrams of H
2mHFDA, 44.7 milligrams of europium nitrates, 5 milliliters of dimethyl formamides, 2 milliliters of ethanol, 1 milliliter of acetonitrile and 1 ml waters join in 25 milliliters of teflon-lined reactors, reactor is placed in an oven, and 80 degrees Celsius of constant temperature three days, then reactor is at room temperature slowly cooled, just can obtain light yellow crystal.
Be dispersed in tetrahydrofuran solvent after ultrasonic for the light yellow crystal obtained grinding, be spun on transparent substrates surface and dry, just can obtain light wavelength conversion member.
Be incident to after optical collimator collimation is for directional light after light-splitting device 2 scattering and/or diffraction (structures shape of concrete light splitting machine reason light-splitting device) again through light wavelength conversion member 1 until light-metering, if treat that the wavelength (or frequency) of light-metering is in the absorption spectrum of wavelength converting optical material, be then converted into the wavelength (or frequency) that can be detected by array detection chip 3; Otherwise, treat light-metering directly through light wavelength conversion member 1.Form corresponding scattering and/or diffraction intensity distribution by the transmitted light after light wavelength conversion member 1 on array detection chip 3 (as CCD, CMOS etc.) surface, arrived by each pixel detecting in array detection chip 3; Data collection and transmission gathers the detection data of each pixel in array detection chip 3, and carries out spectrum recovering according to the data collected.
The method of spectrum recovering is specific as follows:
Step 1, the frequency range that described wide band light spectrometer can detect is divided into the frequency band that n frequency range is Δ f, n be greater than 3 integer, the centre frequency of each frequency band is f
1, f
2... f
n; The frequency range that wide band light spectrometer can detect is determined in accordance with the following methods: select frequency maxima and frequency minima the frequency range that the absorption spectrum of all wavelengths switchable optical material comprised from light wavelength conversion member and array detection chip can detect, the frequency range between described frequency maxima and frequency minima is the frequency range that described wide band light spectrometer can detect;
Step 2, make incident light to be measured successively by light wavelength conversion member, light-splitting device, measure the optical power value that in described array detection chip, n pixel detects, be designated as P
1, P
2... P
n;
Step 3, obtain each frequency component f in incident light to be measured by solving following matrix equation
1, f
2..., f
nsize P (f
1), P (f
2) ..., P (f
n):
In formula, C
ij(i=1,2 ... n) (j=1,2 ... n) represent that centre frequency is f
jthe light of frequency band when through with without described light-splitting device, in a described array detection chip n pixel, the ratio of the optical power value that i-th pixel detects, records in advance by following experiment: take centre frequency as f
jthe light of frequency band as incident light, under taking light-splitting device away and not taking light-splitting device situation away, obtain the luminous power that in array detection chip, n pixel detects respectively, the ratio of the optical power value wherein in two kinds of situations detecting of i-th pixel is C
ij.Above-mentioned matrix equation is by Tikhonov regularization equation solution.
Step 4, to P (f
1), P (f
2) ..., P (f
n) carry out linear fit, and through spectral calibration, obtain the spectrum of incident light to be measured.
Claims (13)
1. a wide band light spectrometer, comprises light-splitting device, array detection chip, and the data collection and transmission be connected with described array detection chip; Described light-splitting device can make the incident light of different frequency through forming different light distribution on array detection chip surface later, and the light intensity angle distribution that the incident light of same frequency produces through the different parts of light-splitting device is also different; It is characterized in that, described wide band light spectrometer also comprises the light wavelength conversion member be arranged at before or after described light-splitting device, and described light wavelength conversion member comprises wavelength conversion layer, comprises at least one wavelength converting optical material in described wavelength conversion layer; The part or all of absorption spectrum of described wavelength converting optical material exceeds the investigative range of described array detection chip, and its emission spectrum is all in the investigative range of described array detection chip.
2. wide band light spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described wavelength conversion layer is the composite bed be made up of at least two kinds of different wave length switchable optical material.
3. wide band light spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprising the optical collimator for collimating incident light.
4. wide band light spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, and at least one of described transparent substrates is fixed with at least one deck clear coat on the surface, includes the bubble of a packet size or shape uneven distribution in described clear coat.
5. wide band light spectrometer as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, light-splitting device is using the wavelength conversion layer of light wavelength conversion member as described clear coat.
6. wide band light spectrometer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, a surface of described transparent substrates is attached with the light blocking layer that opaque material makes, light blocking layer is provided with the opening diffracting two-dimensional array be made up of a series of opening diffracting with different pore size size, and each opening diffracting aperture size and lambda1-wavelength close.
7. wide band light spectrometer described in 1 as claimed in claim, it is characterized in that, described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, at least one of described transparent substrates is fixed with at least one deck nanoparticle coating on the surface, described nanoparticle coating is made up of the transparent particles of one group of nanometer to micro-meter scale, and the skewness of the size of transparent particles or shape.
8. wide band light spectrometer as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, light-splitting device is using the wavelength conversion layer of light wavelength conversion member as described nanoparticle coating.
9. wide band light spectrometer as described in any one of claim 4,6 or 7, it is characterized in that, described light wavelength conversion member and light-splitting device share same transparent substrates, wavelength conversion layer is attached to a side surface of described transparent substrates incident light dorsad, and clear coat, light blocking layer or nanoparticle coating are attached to the side surface of described transparent substrates towards incident light.
10. wide band light spectrometer as described in any one of claim 4,6 or 7, it is characterized in that, light-splitting device is using the wavelength conversion layer of light wavelength conversion member as transparent substrates.
11. as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 wide band light spectrometer, it is characterized in that, described light-splitting device comprises opaque substrate, described opaque substrate is fixed with one deck film of nanoparticles on the surface of incident light, described film of nanoparticles comprises the opaque material particle that differ in size of one group of nanometer to micro-nano-scale, and described opaque material particle is uneven distribution in film of nanoparticles.
12. as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 wide band light spectrometer, it is characterized in that, described light-splitting device comprises transparent substrates, at least one of described transparent substrates is fixed with one deck film of nanoparticles on the surface, described film of nanoparticles comprises the opaque material particle that differ in size of one group of nanometer to micro-nano-scale, and described opaque material particle is uneven distribution in film of nanoparticles.
13. as described in any one of claim 1 ~ 12 spectrum recovering method of wide band light spectrometer, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, the frequency range that described wide band light spectrometer can detect is divided into the frequency band that n frequency range is Δ f, n is the integer of more than 3, and the centre frequency of each frequency band is f
1, f
2... f
n; The frequency range that wide band light spectrometer can detect is determined in accordance with the following methods: select frequency maxima and frequency minima the frequency range that the absorption spectrum of all wavelengths switchable optical material comprised from light wavelength conversion member and array detection chip can detect, the frequency range between described frequency maxima and frequency minima is the frequency range that described wide band light spectrometer can detect;
Step 2, make incident light to be measured successively by light wavelength conversion member, light-splitting device, measure the optical power value that in described array detection chip, n pixel detects, be designated as P
1, P
2... P
n;
Step 3, obtain each frequency component f in incident light to be measured by solving following matrix equation
1, f
2..., f
nsize P (f
1), P (f
2) ..., P (f
n):
In formula, C
ij(i=1,2 ... n) (j=1,2 ... n) represent that centre frequency is f
jthe light of frequency band when through with without described light-splitting device, in a described array detection chip n pixel, the ratio of the optical power value that i-th pixel detects, records by experiment in advance;
Step 4, to P (f
1), P (f
2) ..., P (f
n) carry out linear fit, and through spectral calibration, obtain the spectrum of incident light to be measured.
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