CN104713577A - Laser receiving optical axis and visible light optical axis parallelism adjustment system and adjustment method - Google Patents
Laser receiving optical axis and visible light optical axis parallelism adjustment system and adjustment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104713577A CN104713577A CN201510164289.5A CN201510164289A CN104713577A CN 104713577 A CN104713577 A CN 104713577A CN 201510164289 A CN201510164289 A CN 201510164289A CN 104713577 A CN104713577 A CN 104713577A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of optical detection, and discloses a laser receiving optical axis and visible light optical axis parallelism adjustment system and an adjustment method. According to the adjustment system, a visible light and laser dual-band achromatic lens and a dual-channel visualization image are adopted for judging and adjusting the optical axis parallelism. The method comprises the following steps: aligning a visible light optical axis to the center of a reflection-type collimator reticle, transmitting illuminating light beams by adopting a spotlight, enabling the light beams to enter a laser receiving channel, generating an image at an image side of the achromatic lens after the light beams sequentially pass through a collimator and the achromatic lens, transmitting the image to a displayer, observing the image, reading an error of the optical axis parallelism by utilizing the lattice value of the reticle, rotating a receiving optical wedge in front of the laser receiving passage, and collimating the parallelism of the optical axis. By adopting the laser receiving optical axis and visible light optical axis parallelism adjustment system and adjustment method, the parallelism of the laser receiving axis and the visible light optical axis can be effectively adjusted, characteristics such as intuitiveness and visualization can be achieved, and the precision and efficiency for adjusting the optical axis parallelism also can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of optical detection, relate to a kind of laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system and adjusting process.
Background technology
Three axles refer to visible ray optical axis, Laser emission optical axis and laser pick-off optical axis in range finder using laser optical system.Range finder using laser requires that this three must be parallel to each other, can reach find range from be exactly by the target range aimed at.Three determined by the position of each optical element in optical system, and therefore the change of any one optical element position all can destroy the collimation of three axles.The collimation of three axles ensures by the special each optical system of optical instrument adjustment.If to use or in maintenance process, three-axle parallel changes, must adjustment again, usually by Laser emission optical axis and laser pick-off optical axis respectively with visible ray optical axis smoothing row, thus three axles are parallel to each other.
Laser emission optical axis and visible ray Photoperiodic effects precision high, method is simple and reliable.
The adjusting process of laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray optical axis is comparatively complicated, should first check before adjustment.The adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis divides axially and radial adjustment two steps, and axially adjustment is focused on the photosurface of snowslide pipe by receiving beam, and radial adjustment be by snowslide pipe before aperture aim at the focus of receiving beam.
Existing laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray Photoperiodic effects method are as shown in Figure 1, laser pick-off passage comprises wedge 6, receiving objective 7, optical filter 8, aperture glass 9 and snowslide pipe 10, and visible channel comprises camera lens 11, second CCD camera 12 and second display 13.
Measured laser receiving cable, visible channel are alignd with reflective parallel light pipe 1, reflective parallel light graticule 2 is set to an aperture, illuminated with spotlight 14.With two wires, snowslide pipe 10 is connected with galvanometer 15, opens galvanometer switch.Make the center of the summit alignment apertures diaphragm of gun sight arrow graduation, rotate snowslide pipe 10, observe the change of galvanometer 15 scale value, find the maximum scale value of electric current, now observe visible channel image, if arrow top still alignment apertures center, and finely tune snowslide pipe 10, galvanometer 15 scale value declines rapidly, illustrates that the collimation of receiving axes is qualified, otherwise the re-graduation of laser pick-off optical axis.
The axis adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis: the receiving objective 7 axially in adjustment laser pick-off passage, rotate snowslide pipe 10, find the maximum scale value of galvanometer 15 electric current, the change of the maximal value of the electric current after receiving objective adjustment more several times, maximizing, decided the position of receiving objective, now axially adjustment is complete.
The radial direction adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis: by the small hole center of visible channel arrow alignment reflective parallel light pipe 1, radial adjustment snowslide pipe 10, find the maximum value position of galvanometer 15 electric current, after mixing up, namely adjustment is complete.
The shortcoming of this adjusting process is can not be visual, and precision is lower, poor stability, and factor affected by environment is larger.
Therefore, be necessary to provide a kind of optical detecting method and pick-up unit to solve above-mentioned technical matters.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention how to improve the precision and stability that laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjust, and realizes that it is visual simultaneously.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system, it comprises:
Reflective parallel light pipe 1, is placed on fixing worktable;
Laser pick-off passage, aligns with described reflective parallel light pipe 1, comprises the coaxial wedge 6, receiving objective 7, optical filter 8, aperture glass 9 and the snowslide pipe 10 that arrange; When carrying out adjustment, spotlight 14 is used to replace described snowslide pipe 10;
Visible channel, aligns with described reflective parallel light pipe 1;
Wherein, the graticule 2 of described reflective parallel light pipe 1 is set to cross-graduation plate, adjustment achromat 3, first CCD camera 4 and the first display 5 is arranged successively before described graticule 2, described graticule 2 is achromat object distance with the axial distance of achromat 3, and the axial distance of achromat 3 and the first CCD camera 4 is achromat rear cut-off distance; Achromat 3 is visible ray, laser two waveband achromat; First CCD camera 4 receives the image of graticule 2, and the first CCD camera 4 connects graticule 2 image that the first CCD camera 4 receives by the first display 5, first display 5 and shows.
Preferably, in described adjustment system, described achromat 3 comprises the first gummed mirror 16, second coaxially arranged in turn and glues together mirror 17, the 3rd gummed mirror 18 and simple lens 19, and described first gummed mirror 16 is arranged near described reflective parallel light pipe 1; Described first gummed mirror 16, the 3rd gummed mirror 18 and simple lens 19 have positive diopter, and described second gummed mirror 17 has negative diopter.
Preferably, in described adjustment system, described visible channel comprises camera lens 11, second CCD camera 12 and second display 13, and described second CCD camera 12 is connected with second display 13, and the image that the second CCD camera 12 receives shows by second display 13; Described second display 13 arranges electronic division.
Preferably, in described adjustment system, described visible channel comprises coaxially arranged camera lens 11, second graticule 22 and eyepiece 23.
Preferably, in described adjustment system, described wedge 6 has two pieces.
Present invention also offers a kind of adjusting process based on above-mentioned laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system, it comprises the following steps:
S1: visible channel puts electronic division;
S2: regulate visible channel and reflective parallel light pipe 1, the center imaging of reflective parallel light pipe 1 cross-graduation is alignd with visible ray electronic division center;
S3: adjustment laser pick-off optical axis, takes off snowslide pipe 10, puts spotlight 14, lights spotlight 14, the aperture of alignment apertures glass 9 in snowslide pipe 10 position, to its illumination;
S4: in laser pick-off passage, axially adjusts the position of receiving objective 7, and when observing aperture glass 9 imaging on the first display 5, the axial adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis completes;
S5: in laser pick-off passage, rotate the relative position of two pieces of wedges 6, the radial position of adjustment laser pick-off passage optical axis, observe aperture glass 9 imaging on the first display 5, when aliging with reflective parallel light pipe 1 cross-graduation plate center in the center of little aperture aberration, the radial adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis completes.
Preferably, in described adjusting process, when described visible channel comprises camera lens 11, second CCD camera 12 and second display 13, in described step S1, described visible channel electronic division shows at second display 13 center.
(3) beneficial effect
The laser pick-off optical axis that technique scheme provides and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system and adjusting process, based on the principle that light path is reversible, the snowslide pipe originally receiving luminous point imaging is changed to the spotlight as luminous object, make from spotlight luminous, successively by laser pick-off passage and achromat, first CCD camera, imaging on the first display, the adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism is realized by the imaging effect observing aperture glass, whole calibration procedures has intuitively, visual feature, can the collimation of adjustment laser pick-off axle and visible ray optical axis effectively, also can improve precision and the efficiency of plain shaft parallelism adjustment simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of one embodiment of the invention laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system;
Fig. 3 uses adjustment system in Fig. 2 to implement the schematic diagram of adjusting process;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of achromat in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the optical transfer function curve synoptic diagram of achromat;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of another embodiment of the present invention laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system.
In figure, 1-reflective parallel light pipe, 2-first graticule, 3-achromat, 4-first CCD camera, 5-first display, 6-wedge, 7-receiving objective, 8-optical filter, 9-aperture glass, 10-snowslide pipe, 11-camera lens, 12-second CCD camera, 13-second display, 14-spotlight, 15-galvanometer, 16-first glues together mirror, and 17-second glues together mirror, and 18-the 3rd glues together mirror, 19-simple lens, 20-thing side, 21-image side, 22-second graticule, 23-eyepiece.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, content and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, term " on ", D score, "left", "right", " top ", " end ", " interior ", the orientation of the instruction such as " outward " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, and such as, can be fixedly connected with, also can be removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection; Can be direct connection, also can be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood depending on concrete condition.
Embodiment 1
With reference to shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present embodiment laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system comprise with lower component:
Reflective parallel light pipe 1, is placed on fixing worktable;
Laser pick-off passage, aligns with described reflective parallel light pipe 1, comprises the coaxial wedge 6, receiving objective 7, optical filter 8, aperture glass 9 and the snowslide pipe 10 that arrange; Wedge 6 has two pieces; Because together with aperture glass 9 is normally produced on snowslide pipe 10, both relative positions are particularly important, determine imaging whether can drop on the photosurface of snowslide pipe 10, when carrying out adjustment, needing to use spotlight 14 to replace described snowslide pipe 10, therefore only needing when carrying out adjustment, snowslide pipe 10 to be changed, continue during system idle to use snowslide pipe 10 to carry out occupy-place, when avoiding using spotlight 14, position produces deviation;
Visible channel, aligns with described reflective parallel light pipe 1; Visible channel comprises camera lens 11, second CCD camera 12 and second display 13, and described second CCD camera 12 is connected with second display 13, and the image that the second CCD camera 12 receives shows by second display 13; Visible channel produces electronic division, shows at second display 13 center.
The graticule 2 of described reflective parallel light pipe 1 is set to cross-graduation plate, adjustment achromat 3, first CCD camera 4 and the first display 5 is arranged successively before described graticule 2, described graticule 2 is achromat object distance with the axial distance of achromat 3, and the axial distance of achromat 3 and the first CCD camera 4 is achromat rear cut-off distance; Achromat 3 is visible ray, laser two waveband achromat; First CCD camera 4 receives the image of graticule 2, and the first CCD camera 4 connects graticule 2 image that the first CCD camera 4 receives by the first display 5, first display 5 and shows.
With reference to shown in Fig. 4, in described adjustment system, described achromat 3 comprises coaxially to be arranged and the first gummed mirror 16, the second gummed mirror 17, the 3rd gummed mirror 18 and the simple lens 19 that are arranged between thing side 20 and image side 21 in turn, and described first gummed mirror 16 is arranged near described reflective parallel light pipe 1.
In the present embodiment, the position that graticule 2 is placed on relative achromat 3 is 200 millimeters of places; Certainly, graticule 2 also can be set directly at the first gummed mirror 16 on the surface of reflective parallel light pipe 1.
In achromat 3, the numerical value of each lens is listed in table 1, and wherein r is the radius-of-curvature of each lens surface, and d is along the distance between optical axis direction adjacently situated surfaces, and n is the specific refractivity of each lens, and v is Abbe number.In this embodiment, the first gummed mirror 16 has positive diopter, refers to that gummed mirror has the ability of light collection at this so-called " positive diopter ".Second gummed mirror 17 has negative diopter, refers to that gummed mirror has the ability of divergence of beam at this so-called " negative diopter ".3rd gummed mirror 18 has positive diopter, and simple lens 19 has positive diopter.
Table 1
The optical characteristics of the achromat 3 shown in Fig. 4 can be evaluated as shown in Figure 5 by the family curve of its optical transfer function.Curve comprises transverse axis: represent spatial frequency (every millimeter of demand pairs); The longitudinal axis: the numerical value representing optical transfer function.Shown in Fig. 5, functionality curve can be found out, achromat 3 can be used for obtaining the image of object to be measured preferably.
In the adjustment system of the present embodiment, based on the principle that light path is reversible, the snowslide pipe 10 originally receiving luminous point imaging is changed to the spotlight 14 as luminous object, make from spotlight 14 luminous, successively by laser pick-off passage and achromat 3, first CCD camera 4, imaging on the first display 5, the adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism is realized by the imaging effect observing aperture glass 9, whole calibration procedures has intuitively, visual feature, can the collimation of adjustment laser pick-off axle and visible ray optical axis effectively, also can improve precision and the efficiency of plain shaft parallelism adjustment simultaneously.
In the present embodiment, visible channel is except above-mentioned set-up mode, can also be set to comprise coaxially arranged camera lens 11, second graticule 22 and eyepiece 23, realize the present embodiment adjustment system and not only may be used for video light electric system, visual telescope system can also be used for.
Embodiment 2
Based on above-mentioned adjustment system, present invention also offers a kind of laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjusting process, when performing this adjusting process, first adjustment system is arranged, reflective parallel light pipe 1 is placed on fixing worktable, graticule 2 is set to cross-graduation plate, put as adjustment achromat 3, first CCD camera 4 and the first display 5 before graticule 2 successively, cross-graduation plate 2 is achromat object distance with the axial distance of achromat 3, and the axial distance of achromat 3 and the first CCD camera 4 is the rear cut-off distance of achromat; Measured laser receiving cable, visible channel are alignd with reflective parallel light pipe 1; Then carry out adjustment, adjustment specifically comprises the steps:
S1: visible channel puts electronic division; When described visible channel comprises camera lens 11, second CCD camera 12 as shown in Figure 2 and second display 13, in described step S1, described visible channel electronic division shows at second display 13 center; When described visible channel comprises camera lens 11, second graticule 22 as shown in Figure 6 and eyepiece 23, visible channel electronic division is arranged on the second graticule 22;
S2: regulate visible channel and reflective parallel light pipe 1, the center imaging of reflective parallel light pipe 1 cross-graduation is alignd with visible ray electronic division center;
S3: adjustment laser pick-off optical axis, takes off snowslide pipe 10, puts spotlight 14, lights spotlight 14, the aperture of alignment apertures glass 9 in snowslide pipe 10 position, to its illumination;
S4: in laser pick-off passage, axially adjusts the position of receiving objective 7, and when observing aperture glass 9 imaging on the first display 5, the axial adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis completes;
S5: in laser pick-off passage, rotate the relative position of two pieces of wedges 6, the radial position of adjustment laser pick-off passage optical axis, observe aperture glass 9 imaging on the first display 5, when aliging with reflective parallel light pipe 1 cross-graduation plate center in the center of little aperture aberration, the radial adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis completes.
As can be seen from technique scheme, the present invention is based on the principle that light path is reversible, the snowslide pipe 10 originally receiving luminous point imaging is changed to the spotlight 14 as luminous object, make from spotlight 14 luminous, successively by laser pick-off passage and achromat 3, first CCD camera 4, imaging on the first display 5, the adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis and visible ray plain shaft parallelism is realized by the imaging effect observing aperture glass 9, whole calibration procedures has intuitively, visual feature, can the collimation of adjustment laser pick-off axle and visible ray optical axis effectively, also can improve precision and the efficiency of plain shaft parallelism adjustment simultaneously.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and distortion, these improve and distortion also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. laser pick-off optical axis and a visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system, is characterized in that, comprising:
Reflective parallel light pipe (1), is placed on fixing worktable;
Laser pick-off passage, align with described reflective parallel light pipe (1), comprise the coaxial wedge (6), receiving objective (7), optical filter (8), aperture glass (9) and the snowslide pipe (10) that arrange; When carrying out adjustment, spotlight (14) is used to replace described snowslide pipe (10);
Visible channel, aligns with described reflective parallel light pipe (1);
Wherein, the graticule (2) of described reflective parallel light pipe (1) is set to cross-graduation plate, described graticule (2) is front arranges adjustment achromat (3), the first CCD camera (4) and the first display (5) successively, described graticule (2) is achromat object distance with the axial distance of achromat (3), and achromat (3) is achromat rear cut-off distance with the axial distance of the first CCD camera (4); Achromat (3) is visible ray, laser two waveband achromat; First CCD camera (4) receives the image of graticule (2), first CCD camera (4) connects the first display (5), and graticule (2) image that the first CCD camera (4) receives by the first display (5) shows.
2. laser pick-off optical axis as claimed in claim 1 and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system, it is characterized in that, described achromat (3) comprises the first gummed mirror (16), the second gummed mirror (17), the 3rd gummed mirror (18) and the simple lens (19) coaxially arranged in turn, and described first gummed mirror (16) is arranged near described reflective parallel light pipe (1); Described first gummed mirror (16), the 3rd gummed mirror (18) and simple lens (19) have positive diopter, and described second gummed mirror (17) has negative diopter.
3. laser pick-off optical axis as claimed in claim 1 and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system, it is characterized in that, described visible channel comprises camera lens (11), the second CCD camera (12) and second display (13), described second CCD camera (12) is connected with second display (13), and the image that the second CCD camera (12) receives shows by second display (13); (13) arrange electronic division to described second display.
4. laser pick-off optical axis as claimed in claim 1 and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system, it is characterized in that, described visible channel comprises coaxially arranged camera lens (11), the second graticule (22) and eyepiece (23).
5. the laser pick-off optical axis according to any one of claim 1-4 and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system, is characterized in that, described wedge (6) has two pieces.
6., based on the adjusting process of laser pick-off optical axis any one of claim 1-5 and visible ray plain shaft parallelism adjustment system, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1: visible channel puts electronic division;
S2: regulate visible channel and reflective parallel light pipe (1), reflective parallel light pipe (1) cross-graduation center imaging is alignd with visible ray electronic division center;
S3: adjustment laser pick-off optical axis, snowslide pipe (10) is taken off, puts spotlight (14) in snowslide pipe (10) position, light spotlight (14), the aperture of alignment apertures glass (9), to its illumination;
S4: in laser pick-off passage, axially adjusts the position of receiving objective (7), and when observing aperture glass (9) imaging on the first display (5), the axial adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis completes;
S5: in laser pick-off passage, rotate the relative position of two pieces of wedges (6), the radial position of adjustment laser pick-off passage optical axis, observe upper aperture glass (9) imaging of the first display (5), when aliging with reflective parallel light pipe (1) cross-graduation plate center in the center of little aperture aberration, the radial adjustment of laser pick-off optical axis completes.
7. adjusting process as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, when described visible channel comprise camera lens (11), the second CCD camera (12) and second display (13) time, in described step S1, described visible channel electronic division shows at second display (13) center.
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| CN105258558A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-01-20 | 河北汉光重工有限责任公司 | Calibrating device for sighting telescope used for infrared gun |
| CN105372778A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-02 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | High-efficiency laser receiving optical structure |
| CN105423816A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-23 | 河北汉光重工有限责任公司 | Calibration method for sighting telescope for infrared gun |
| CN105892041A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-08-24 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Multiple laser emission optical axis adjustment device based on tracking detector and method |
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| CN114296251A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-04-08 | 中航洛阳光电技术有限公司 | Method for adjusting consistency of optical axes of multi-light-path lens |
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| CN105372778A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-02 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | High-efficiency laser receiving optical structure |
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| CN116793643A (en) * | 2023-06-25 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏北方湖光光电有限公司 | Rapid adjustment method for multi-optical axis parallelism of photoelectric system |
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