CN104711652A - High-hardness hard anodization technology for processing hard aluminum alloy - Google Patents
High-hardness hard anodization technology for processing hard aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN104711652A CN104711652A CN201310670250.1A CN201310670250A CN104711652A CN 104711652 A CN104711652 A CN 104711652A CN 201310670250 A CN201310670250 A CN 201310670250A CN 104711652 A CN104711652 A CN 104711652A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-hardness hard anodization technology for processing hard aluminum alloy. The hard aluminum alloy has a high copper content and can be easily dissolved or burned during the hard anodization process, and the obtained membrane is very rough. In order to solve the problems mentioned above, a single-component solution namely pure sulfuric acid with a high concentration of 320 to 350 g/L is adopted, the technology parameters are as follows: temperature: -4 to 0 DEG C, current density: 2.0 to 4.0 A/dm2, and current slow start time: 10 to 20 minutes; the supplied current is constant, the compressed air is used to stirred the solution, and the oxidization time lasts for 60 to 70 minutes. The provided technology can solve the problems that the hard anodization membrane of a hard aluminum alloy material has a rough surface and low hardness, can obtain a compact oxidization membrane, which has a micro-hardness of 300 HV or more and a surface roughness of 0.2 [mu]m or less. Furthermore, the adopted electrolyte in the provided technology only comprises sulfuric and water, the formula is simple, the cost is low, the control and maintenance on the solution can be easily carried out, and the technology stability can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hard anodized technique, particularly relate to a kind of high rigidity hard anodized technique for duralumin.
。
Background technology
Duralumin belongs to Al-Cu-Mg aluminium alloy, its principal feature is: major alloy constituent element copper, magnesium are after solution heat treatment, be dissolved in aluminium sosoloid in saturated hypersaturated state, through precipitation hardening process, the tensile strength of these alloys significantly improves, but also there is good plasticity, be widely used in the component of the high strength such as aircraft structure, rivet, truck hub, propeller element and the part of less than 150 DEG C work, have good application prospect at aerospace field.Weak point is after ageing treatment, owing to separating out the second-phases such as θ (CuAl2) phase, S (CuMgAl2) phase and a small amount of MnAl6 at crystal boundary, make form poor Cu district around crystal boundary and easily occur the local corrosion along crystal formation, and as friction materials, aluminium alloy exists that matter is soft, frictional coefficient is high, wearing and tearing greatly, are easily pulled and are difficult to the problems such as lubrication.Therefore, the friction and wear behavior and the corrosion resistance that improve aluminium alloy have great importance.
But duralumin copper content is high, as 2A12 duralumin copper content: 3.8% ~ 4.9%, in anode oxidation process, copper can enrichment in alloy substrate, thus causes oxygen evolution, finally causes the coarse injustice of oxide film; On the other hand, temperature also can make the quality of oxide film have impact, in anodizing of aluminium process, a large amount of joule heatings can be produced, particularly there is second-phase CuAl2, CuMgAl2 in aluminum-copper alloy, second-phase partially over electric current large, thus more easily form localized hyperthermia, cause the scaling loss that oxide film occurs.Therefore this material hard anodizing difficulty is caused larger.At present for the hard anodizing treatment process of duralumin, domestic and international investigator is main for many years to be studied from following two aspects: (1), by changing power supply mode as adopted alternating current-direct current superposition or pulsed current, improves the radiating condition in oxidising process; (2) improve electrolyte prescription system, add organic acid ancillary component, reduce the erosion rate in oxidising process.
A kind of typical linguistic term adopts the hard anodizing of method to 2A12 of sulfuric acid+additive and the pulse power to be studied.Solution composition is: H
2sO
4180g/L, H
2cO
240g/L, additive A 10 ~ 50g/L, additive B 5 ~ 25g/L.Processing condition are: temperature 10 ~ 30 DEG C, current density 1.0 ~ 3.0A/dm2, impulse of current dutycycle 3:1, frequency 83Hz.Additive A is a kind of organic liquid, in the electrolytic solution with electronegativity, can improve the upper limit of electrolyte oxidation temperature, reduces the dissolution rate again of oxide film.Additive B is a kind of metallic conduction salt NaAc, can strengthen the electroconductibility of electrolytic solution, improves current density, reduces bath voltage, accelerates film forming speed.Under these processing condition, the above hard anodized rete of hardness 300HV can be obtained, but the surfaceness of rete is not studied especially.In addition, the additivated solution of mixing acid due to component more, line service more complicated, particularly organic liquid are wherein difficult to analyze, and solution controls difficulty, and the stability of technique not easily ensures.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention: the bright sulfur acid solution system adopting one-component, provides a kind of hard anodized technique for duralumin, can improve the hardness of hard anodized rete, improves film surface smooth finish, and technique is simple, and solution is easy to safeguard and control.
Technical scheme of the present invention: for the treatment of the high rigidity hard anodized technique of duralumin, it adopts the high density bright sulfur acid solution system of 320 ~ 350g/l, reduce the resistance of metal-solution interface, thus reduce the joule heating produced in film process, control the dissolving of rete in anodizing process.Tank liquor temperature controls at-4 ~ 0 DEG C, and favors low temperature is in the raising of thickness and hardness.Galvanic current is passed in constant current-supplying mode, current density 2.0 ~ 4.0A/dm2, when current density is lower, the lift velocity of oxidation voltage is also relatively slow, thus the suboxide voltage desired by obtaining, under high oxidation voltage, rete pore diameter is large, copper is oxidized at alloy/solution interface, and promotes barrier layer releasing oxygen, and produces irregular rete form.The electric current delay startup time is 10 ~ 20 minutes, the prolongation of electric current delay startup time, can prevent the local dissolution of copper-rich phase as far as possible, playing the effect of controlled oxidization speed of response when starting film former, inhibit the generation of gas in oxidation reaction process, obtain fine and close oxidation film layer.By above-mentioned technological measure, obtain fine and close anodizing rete, improve hardness and the smooth finish of rete.Its operation steps is as follows:
(1) oil removing: use the alkaline degreasing solution containing sodium hydroxide, sodium phosphate, temperature 70-80 DEG C, time 10-15s.
(2) hot water wash: temperature 70-80 DEG C, removes the alkaline degreasing solution remaining in piece surface with hot water.
(3) room temperature washing: rinse with tap water.
(4) pickling: use the nitric acid of 30-50% to remove the dust of upper operation degreasing generation, temperature room temperature.
(5) room temperature washing: with deionized water, part is thoroughly cleaned up after pickling.
(6) hard anodized: high density bright sulfur acid solution part being placed in 320 ~ 350g/l, solution composition is as follows:
Sulfuric acid 320 ~ 350g/l
Soluble aluminum≤24g/l
Cl
-(conversion is NaCl)≤0.2g/l
Negative electrode adopts stereotype, temperature-4 ~ 0 DEG C, current density 2.0 ~ 4.0A/dm2,10 ~ 20 minutes electric current delay startup time, adopts the power supply mode of continuous current, carries out solution stirring with pressurized air.Oxidation treatment time 60-70 minute.
(7) room temperature washing: use washed with de-ionized water immediately after hard anodized operation completes.
(8) dry: to adopt pressurized air to dry up part.
Positively effect: owing to have employed the bright sulfur acid solution of high density, reduce the dissolving of rete in hard anodized process, simultaneously, have employed lower treatment temp, the electric current delay startup time extended, suitable current density, thus in the electrolytic solution of one-component, improve duralumin hard anodized rete hardness and surface smoothness, the microhardness of rete reaches more than 300HV, and surfaceness reaches less than 0.20 μm.In addition, the electrolytic solution of employing only comprises sulfuric acid and water, and composition is simple, and cost is low, and the routine maintenance of solution and control are easy to realize, and can ensure the stability of technique.
Embodiment
To the hard anodized of aircraft flight control system component-piston bush
This part adopts 2A12 duralumin, while hard anodized obtains high rigidity, ensure that high structural strength.Working-surface is the endoporus of part, forms friction pair with the piston of chromium plating, during work between the hard anodized surface of piston bush and the chrome-plated surface of piston in axial relative movement, working life is greater than 700,000 circulation.The technical requirements of processing is: oxide film uniformity, highly polished, thickness 20-30 μm, microhardness >=300HV, surfaceness≤0.2 μm.Technical process is:
(1) dress is hung: use titanium alloy clamp to carry out dress and hang, electrical contact mode is point cantact.
(2) oil removing: use alkaline degreasing solution, sodium hydroxide 10g/l, sodium phosphate 50g/l, temperature 75 DEG C, time 15s.
(3) hot water wash: temperature 75 DEG C, removes the alkaline degreasing solution remaining in piece surface with hot water.
(4) room temperature washing: rinse with tap water.
(5) pickling: use the nitric acid of 40% to remove the dust of upper operation degreasing generation, temperature room temperature.
(6) room temperature washing: with deionized water, part is thoroughly cleaned up after pickling.
(7) hard anodized: high density bright sulfur acid solution part being placed in 340g/l, negative electrode adopts stereotype, solution temperature-1 DEG C, current density 2.5A/dm2 is set, 20 minutes electric current delay startup time, the current curve of processing requirement is as Fig. 1, and total oxidation treatment time 65 minutes, adopts the power supply mode of continuous current.Solution stirring is carried out with pressurized air.
(8) room temperature washing: use washed with de-ionized water immediately after hard anodized operation completes.
(9) dry: to adopt pressurized air to dry up part.
Oxide treatment rear oxidation film even compact, mean thickness 28 μm, rete microhardness 340HV, surfaceness 0.18 μm, meets the technical requirements of processing completely.
Claims (3)
1. for the treatment of a technique for the high rigidity hard anodized of duralumin, comprising: the high rigidity hard anodized technique of solution formula and process duralumin.
2. the technique of a kind of high rigidity hard anodized for the treatment of duralumin according to claim 1, its solution is configured to:
Sulfuric acid 320 ~ 350g/l
Soluble aluminum≤24g/l
Cl
-(conversion is NaCl)≤0.2g/l.
3. the technique of a kind of high rigidity hard anodized for the treatment of duralumin according to claim 1, adopt stereotype as negative electrode, solution temperature-4 ~ 0 DEG C, current density 2.0 ~ 4.0A/dm2,10 ~ 20 minutes electric current delay startup time, current waveform profile, for shown in Fig. 1, adopts the power supply mode of continuous current, oxidation treatment time 60-70 minute, carries out solution stirring with pressurized air.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106400080A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-15 | 三能器具（无锡）有限公司 | Surface hardening treatment process for aluminum alloy tableware |
| CN107164794A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏昊科汽车空调有限公司 | Hard anodizing electrolysis additive for compressor of air conditioner Al-alloy parts |
| CN107190299A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-22 | 江苏昊科汽车空调有限公司 | Hardening oxidation method for compressor of air conditioner rotary compression disk aluminium alloy |
| CN107268057A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-20 | 江苏昊科汽车空调有限公司 | A kind of Hard Anodic Oxidation of Aluminum Alloy electrolyte maintenance method |
| CN109267134A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-01-25 | 中国航发长春控制科技有限公司 | A kind of cast aluminium alloy gold high rigidity Hard Anodic Oxidation Process method |
| CN111850654A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-30 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | Special process for hard anode used in high-temperature environment |
| CN114369773A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-19 | 王永勤 | Treatment method of aluminum alloy material |
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| CN101045996A (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-03 | 北京化工大学 | Process of clossing anode coating of aluminium or aluminium alloy with Ce-Mo salt |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106400080A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-02-15 | 三能器具（无锡）有限公司 | Surface hardening treatment process for aluminum alloy tableware |
| CN107164794A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏昊科汽车空调有限公司 | Hard anodizing electrolysis additive for compressor of air conditioner Al-alloy parts |
| CN107190299A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-09-22 | 江苏昊科汽车空调有限公司 | Hardening oxidation method for compressor of air conditioner rotary compression disk aluminium alloy |
| CN107268057A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-20 | 江苏昊科汽车空调有限公司 | A kind of Hard Anodic Oxidation of Aluminum Alloy electrolyte maintenance method |
| CN107164794B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2023-07-04 | 江苏昊科汽车空调有限公司 | Hard anodic oxidation electrolyte additive for air conditioner compressor aluminum alloy part |
| CN107268057B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2023-07-04 | 江苏昊科汽车空调有限公司 | Maintenance method for aluminum alloy hard anodic oxidation electrolyte |
| CN107190299B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2023-07-04 | 江苏昊科汽车空调有限公司 | Hard oxidation method for aluminum alloy of rotary compression disc of air conditioner compressor |
| CN109267134A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-01-25 | 中国航发长春控制科技有限公司 | A kind of cast aluminium alloy gold high rigidity Hard Anodic Oxidation Process method |
| CN111850654A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-30 | 沈阳富创精密设备有限公司 | Special process for hard anode used in high-temperature environment |
| CN114369773A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-19 | 王永勤 | Treatment method of aluminum alloy material |
| CN114369773B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-09-16 | 山东瑞烨新能源装备有限公司 | Treatment method of aluminum alloy material |
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