CN104707846A - Method for solving urban refuse landfill through building material resource development - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for solving urban refuse landfill through building material resource development. The method is mainly technically characterized in that two human activities including building material mining and urban refuse landfill are transferred to the underground; a protective layer with isolation and load-bearing functions is arranged in a landfill pit; deepening and descending mining is carried out by utilizing an underground mining technology and taking the protective layer as a barrier under a bottom plate of the landfill pit, and the capacity of the landfill pit is gradually increased; a travelling cableway is utilized to carry out whole-section throw fill of refuses, physical treatment and chemical treatment of refuses, reclamation backfill and the like; an underground water collecting and draining method is utilized to control the water table of the refuse landfill pit and eliminate and reduce pollution of refuse wastewater on underground water; in the refuse landfill process, exhaust pipes leading to the earth surface are hierarchically arranged, and the exhaust pipes are used for dredging fermentation gas in refuses and reinjecting beneficial degradation and disinfection treatment agents into the refuses, so that the refuse treatment effect is optimized.

Description

The method of townm refuse landfill is solved with building resource exploitation

Technical field:

The application belongs to mine and environmental technology field.

Technical background:

Accelerate with China's Development of China's Urbanization, the demand of cities and towns to building resource is increasing, and meanwhile, the quantity of refuse that cities and towns dump is also increasing; The current building materials mine overwhelming majority adopts side-hill cut mode, causes great view and environmental disruption; On the other hand, townm refuse process also major part adopts earth's surface to concentrate the method for accumulation, pollutes greatly to earth's surface ecology, environment and natural landscape; The object of the invention is: building resource exploitation is organically combined with two mankind's activities of townm refuse landfill, by In-pit mining and the deepening exploitation of building resource, by townm refuse landfill to underground, and implement monitoring, to reduce or eliminate these two mankind's activities to the pollution of environment and destruction.

Summary of the invention:

Summary of the invention mainly comprises Site Selection, initial stage waste pit project treatment, rubbish throwing and process, the waste pit deepening section of falling, sewage monitoring and monitors and process, rubbish fermentation gas treatment, final land reclamation totally seven aspects; Be described below:

One, Site Selection: the basic demand of site addressing is the demand that can meet garbage loading embeading and building resource exploitation, environmental hazard is dropped to minimum again;

Its two, initial stage waste pit project treatment: select the Open Pit Depression exploitation of steep side, formed after meeting the initial stage waste pit of design state and the degree of depth, first through the project treatment row's of filling out rubbish again; Project treatment content is: waste pit base plate keeps the suitable hydraulic gradient to certain side, so that sewage collects and monitoring; If country rock discloses when having tomography, a crushed zone one class permeable structure, slip casting, whitewashing closes; Waste pit base plate paving has the overcoat of isolation and load-bearing effect, and overcoat is mainly the preset mining conditions of the deepening section of falling; Will lay blast pipe on overcoat, continue to lay blast pipe in rubbish throwing process at interval of certain altitude, the effect of blast pipe mainly to be dredged in rubbish body fermentation gas and is recharged beneficial agent; Waste pit periphery will arrange intercepting ditch or water-retaining cofferdam, stops the outer runoff of boundary and pours in hole;

Its three, rubbish throwing and process: because waste pit boundary scope is large, the mode being backfilled rubbish by periphery can only be suitable in short-term; Portable cableway is constructed in recommendation, realizes the even throwing of tunneling boring; And utilizing portable cableway to process rubbish in hole, contents processing comprises compacting, interpolation curing agent, Acidity of Aikalinity improvement, sterilization, deodorizing; In addition, the production waste in building materials ore deposit also can back-filling in layers;

Its four, the waste pit deepening section of falling: garbage loading embeading, to certain absolute altitude, is continue expansion capacity, to the waste pit deepening section of falling; The precondition of the deepening section of falling has arranged qualified overcoat, and rubbish can not be mixed into the ore of exploitation; It is substantially identical with underground mine recovery method that phase method falls in deepening; The item that the deepening section of falling will be noted is: the entirety hole wall after the section of falling still will keep suitable stable inclination angle, to prevent waste pit peripheral earth's surface, avalanche, the geological disaster of depression class occurs;

Its five, sewage monitoring monitoring and process: water quality and the water level of sewage in monitoring waste pit, dispose of sewage in time, controls and reduce the interior sewage in hole to the pollution of outside underground water;

Its six, the process of rubbish body fermentation gas: utilize the blast pipe that pre-sets to dredge and collect fermentation gas in rubbish body, focused on and utilize; Utilize blast pipe to recharge, in rubbish body, carry useful catalysis and sterilization class medium, impel garbage degradation;

Its seven, final land reclamation: after the final landfill of waste pit terminates, carry out earthing backfill and land reclamation.

Accompanying drawing illustrates:

Fig. 1 is the generalized section in garbage loading embeading hole; In figure, the meaning of label symbol is as follows:

1.---the mobile terminal of portable cableway, 2.---the cableway rope of portable cableway,

3.---overcoat, 4.---spilled water hole, 5.---lane of catchmenting,

6.---cutting lane, 7.---Mining entrance, 8.---blast pipe,

9.---throwing rubbish, 10.---the load terminal of portable cableway.

Specific implementation method:

Still be explained by seven aspects of summary of the invention:

One, Site Selection method: addressing must carry out geological prospecting; The resources supplIes of site is that building materials ore deposit reserve is abundant and Mining technology condition is good; The hydrogeologic condition of site is groundwater level maintenance level substantially throughout the year, and without the directed seepage flow situation or more weak of obvious underground water, site physical features should be low unsuitable high; Upper public attention of cities and towns cardinal wind will be avoided as far as possible; Will away from water head site and residential block; Therefore, each authorities of planning, territory, environmental protection and environmental sanitation are responsible in cities and towns conscientiously will examine geologic report, holds a conference or consultation and determines site;

Its two, the method for initial stage waste pit project treatment: formed after initial stage waste pit, must just can the row's of filling out rubbish after project treatment; Hole base plate is adopted in the integrated approach leveling that engineering survey, controlled blasting and soil-shifting mechanical shovel should be adopted to push away, and makes it form suitable hydraulic gradient to certain side; To country rock interrupting layer, the closing of crushed zone one class permeable structure, adopt the construction of the method such as slip casting and whitewashing; The way of waste pit base plate paving overcoat is: overcoat adopts three-decker, and upper strata is high-strength geotextile, and middle level is bar-mat reinforcement, and lower floor is bearing steel wire netting; Overcoat should be laid to string bag shape, periphery docile to the suitable height of waste pit crag, as shown in Figure 1; The laying method of waste pit inside exhaust pipe is: blast pipe lays near coal-mine above absolute altitude along base plate and hole wall and fixes, and the pipeline section that blast pipe is arranged in rubbish hole of will blooming makes to have gas permeability, and every root blast pipe bottom can connect branched pipe; The blast pipe at base plate position should bend laying, makes its length can adapt to the later stage deepening section of falling requirement; The reinforcement of blast pipe is that total length and high-strength iron wire bundle are tied up integral in case break; Still will lay blast pipe at interval of certain altitude in rubbish throwing process, its technical requirement is identical with base plate blast pipe, and its laying method utilizes portable cableway blast pipe one end to be thrown the end, hole, and the other end is pullled near coal-mine fixing along hole wall; All the other, the construction of the outer drain dyke of waste pit, water-retaining cofferdam is general-purpose construction technology;

Its three, the method for rubbish throwing and process: the initial stage can backfill part rubbish by periphery with bull-dozer; Later stage by the method for portable cableway throwing rubbish is: portable cableway is single span, and its load terminal is fixed, and mobile terminal is moved along waste pit periphery, and the cableway rope of carrying and transport, across near coal-mine, can arrange many portable cableways, arranges as shown in Figure 1; Recommend the cableway transport method adopting application number 201310030607.X (a kind of slope project material transport system), first by the process of rubbish pre-compacted, load with bottom-dump collection dress basket, set up remote control feel trim actuator---as electromagnet mechanism, by rubbish throwing to each position; In hole, the debulking methods again of rubbish is: the vibration rammer used with the foundation stabilization of portable suspension cable resemble construction trailing cable, and rammer runs and after transferring to position of exerting pressure, and start punching press of carrying out shaking is real; The throwing of building materials waste material---mainly powder, except employing rubbish throwing method, can also adopt wind model method, namely utilize portable cableway to hang and mobile conveying pipeline, carry out wind model; Utilize portable cableway garbage throwing curing additive, Acidity of Aikalinity modifying agent and spray disinfectant agent, deodorant method substantially identical with the method for wind model powder;

Its four, phase method falls in waste pit deepening: build the development engineering of similar underground mine in waste pit outside; The section of falling should adopt Mining by caving method, recommends sublevel caving method without sill pillar; Basic scheme is as shown in Figure 1: under waste pit low side base plate, excavation catchments lane and cutting lane, and extracting drift moves back along waste pit base plate lifting direction and adopts; Catchment lane lower than cutting lane, by the diving in the catchment through waste pit of lane spilled water hole and cutting lane, timely white-out; All routes should roughly keep flush and move back state back production, and height of lift is suitable for, and mining base plate still keeps the hydraulic gradient consistent with waste pit base plate; At the bottom of mining hole, avalanche big gun hole and want the protection top board of indwelling suitable depth between waste pit overcoat, protection top board leans on free breakage; In any case must not near overcoat dobie, to prevent blasting impact action breaks down overcoat; Under overcoat during ore removal, want the unsettled exposed area of the level of Monitoring and Controlling overcoat, do not make excessive, normal operation should control overcoat and be in small size side direction artesian condition period, and control method comprises even ore removal, supplements ore deposit in time, ore drawing is dredged in shrink tight-face blasting, the suitable shrink of base plate, vibration; Rule of thumb, as long as the bar-mat reinforcement of overcoat and wire-rope net structural Rational Parameters protect proper, overcoat generally can not be broken, and the section of falling exploitation can not produce the impact that rubbish is mixed into; When overcoat keeps good, can repeatedly the deepening section of falling exploit, the operational method of the section of falling is substantially identical at every turn; Cheating wall for making the entirety after the section of falling to keep stablizing inclination angle, opening up and adopting accurate work arrangement and conscientiously will carry out measurement and positioning, adopt rock move angle can with reference to " mining design handbook ";

Its five, sewage monitoring monitoring and processing method: mainly utilize the lane of catchmenting under waste pit base plate, the water quality of sewage and water level in monitoring hole; Also separately can construct and visit water hole auxiliary monitoring, visit water hole and will be arranged in outer representative position, hole, emphasis is the location of sewage to downstream seepage flow; The run time of normal, phreatic table must to be kept in waste pit not higher than the water level of outside underground water; There is not external seepage flow at waste pit sewage, not overslaugh digging is when producing, can not draining; The pump drainage method of sewage is: by catchment lane at the bottom of waste pit and back production cut lane get through spilled water hole, lane of catchmenting as sump, by design developing and drainaging scheme draining, as Fig. 1 signal; The processing method of effluent sewerage is: suppress airborne dust harm with the sewage spray waste pit rubbish of discharging, and with the evaporation mode digestion part water yield, and spraying method is still and utilizes portable cableway to carry and migrate spray piping; Town sewage treatment system is introduced in the suggestion of residue sewage;

Its six, the processing method of rubbish body fermentation gas: utilize before rubbish throwing and blast pipe preset in throwing process, each blast pipe outside port is connected in series to total air escape pipe road, according to circumstances can collect fermentation gas in rubbish body with non-pressure process or negative pressure method; By the method for Liquid return filling blast pipe, carry zymophyte kind catalytic media to impel garbage degradation in rubbish body, other sterilizations, deodorizing, Acidity of Aikalinity improvement class inorganic agent also can be mixed with Liquid return filling rubbish body; By the fermentation gas of deriving in rubbish body, focused on afterwards after testing or fully utilized;

Its seven, the method for final land reclamation: after the final landfill of waste pit terminates, utilizes portable cableway and rammer again to tamp rubbish body; Casing ways is: backfill suitable distance with bull-dozer by periphery, and middle part still recommends, by portable cableway throwing, can load throwing, also can backfill by wind model; After earthing compacting leveling, suggestion is reclaimed in early days as Forest and sod, and setting is gone along with sb. to guard him, and in certain time limit, restriction personnel enter; Built waste pit outside is cut pumping equipment, sewage monitoring monitoring and treatment facility, rubbish fermentation gas treatment facility and will be continued to retain;

All the other orebody developments, adopt the items such as standard, lifting, transport, ventilation and belong to current techique, outline.

Claims (5)

1. solve the method for townm refuse landfill with building resource exploitation, one of its technical characteristic is: two mankind's activities are stacked in the side-hill cut in building materials ore deposit and the earth's surface of townm refuse and combines, and all transfer to underground, to reduce view and environmental disruption.

2. the method for townm refuse landfill is solved with building resource exploitation, two of its technical characteristic is: arrange the overcoat with isolation and load-bearing effect in the early stage in waste pit, increase with garbage loading embeading amount, utilize underground mine production technique, be that barrier carries out the exploitation of the deepening section of falling under waste pit base plate, with overcoat, increase garbage loading embeading capacity successively.

3. the method for townm refuse landfill is solved with building resource exploitation, three of its technical characteristic is: utilize portable cableway to carry out every operations such as rubbish tunneling boring throwing, garbage truck process, waste disposal agent (as: curing agent, soda acid modifying agent, degradation agent) input, waste water spray dust, the sprinkling of disinfecting, deodorizing liquid, land reclamation backfill, improve operating condition and garbage disposal effect comprehensively.

4. solve the method for townm refuse landfill with building resource exploitation, four of its technical characteristic is: utilize catchmenting and water discharge method of underground mine, effectively controls the phreatic table in garbage loading embeading hole, thus effectively eliminates and alleviate the pollution of garbage leachate to outside underground water.

5. the method for townm refuse landfill is solved with building resource exploitation, five of its technical characteristic is: in garbage loading embeading process, layering arranges blast pipe, blast pipe is utilized to dredge fermentation gas in rubbish body, utilize blast pipe in rubbish body, recharge various useful short degradation material, thus optimize garbage disposal effect, prevent the pollution that solid waste gas spontaneous combustion, blast and toxic and harmful leak.