CN104697912A - PM2.5 detector and detection method thereof - Google Patents
PM2.5 detector and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of domestic PM2.5 detection, particularly relates to a PM2.5 detector and a detection method thereof, aims at solving the problems that an existing PM2.5 detector is relatively large in detection error, and a traditional dust particle laser counter is high in cost and large in volume, and provides a PM2.5 detector. The PM2.5 detector comprises a cavity, a laser device, a photoelectric detector and a fan, wherein the cavity is divided into an air inlet channel, a detection channel and an air outlet channel; the laser device is arranged in the air inlet channel; the photoelectric detector is used for detecting a scattered light and converting a light signal of the scattered light into a current pulse signal; and the fan is located at the tail end of the air outlet channel and is used for generating airflow with preset flow rate. The detection method of the detector is simple and convenient; the PM2.5 detector provided by the invention is small in volume; the detection accuracy reaches 80%; the cost is relatively low; and the PM2.5 detector is convenient to be widely applied to handheld PM2.5 detection equipment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to family expenses PM2.5 detection field, be specifically related to a kind of PM2.5 detecting device and detection method thereof.
Background technology
PM2.5 refers to that equivalent diameter is less than the summation of the particle of 2.5 μm, PM2.5 particle is separated by sampling apparatus by existing PM2.5 sensor from dust particle, then the total amount of particle is measured, but because the cost performance of sampling apparatus is very low, the sampling apparatus separating effect of low cost is not very desirable, error, more than 40%, is not suitable for family expenses PM2.5 detection field to the requirement of low-cost and high-performance.
Dust particle laser counting principle is widely used in industrial dust's detection of particles field, is not also applied to family expenses PM2.5 at present and detects.But industrial airborne particle counter cost is very high, and be not detect for PM2.5, volume is large, is not easy to carry.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of PM2.5 detecting device being applicable to family expenses PM2.5 detection field, this detector volume is miniature, and accuracy of detection reaches 80%, cost is lower, is convenient to be widely used on hand-held PM2.5 checkout equipment.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of PM2.5 detecting device, comprising:
Cavity, described cavity is divided into inlet channel, sense channel and outlet passageway; Described inlet channel, described sense channel are communicated with successively with described outlet passageway;
Laser instrument, is positioned at described inlet channel, for sending the laser beam through described sense channel and described outlet passageway;
Photoelectric detector, is positioned at described sense channel, for detecting scattered light, the light signal of described scattered light is converted to electric signal, and described scattered light refers to that particle in described sense channel is under the irradiation of described laser beam, scattering occurs, the light of generation;
And fan, be positioned at the tail end of described outlet passageway, for generation of the air-flow of constant flow rate.The flow velocity of described air-flow is 12L/Min.
Further, described inlet channel is funnel-form, for build-up of air.Described inlet channel is funnel-form, and this structure is convenient to air accumulation, passes through sense channel with higher speed.
Further, the xsect of described sense channel is square hole.
Further, described photoelectric detector comprises pre-amplification circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and 4 photodiodes.4 photoelectricity two poles are distributed in the surrounding of sense channel, symmetrical.The current pulse signal that photodiode produces is converted into voltage pulse signal by the pre-amplification circuit of described photoelectric detector, and voltage pulse signal is changed into digital quantity by analog to digital conversion circuit.
A detection method for above-mentioned PM2.5 detecting device, comprises the steps:
Step 1: described laser instrument sends the laser beam parallel with airflow direction, described laser beam through the middle of described sense channel, and passes through the circular hole of described outlet passageway, and directive is outside;
Step 2: air-flow is sent to described sense channel from described inlet channel by described fan, particle is entrained with in described air-flow, be arranged in the particle of described sense channel under the irradiation of laser beam, there is scattering, produce scattered light, photoelectric detector detects described scattered light, and the light signal of described scattered light is converted to electric signal;
Step 3: the detection being realized PM2.5 by described electric signal.
Preferably, described laser beam is the linear laser of 650nm.
The situation Normal Distribution of admission passage while of several particle.When several particle appears at sense channel simultaneously, can current impulse be there is overlapping, signal transacting adopts wavelet algorithm, overlapping pulse signal is separated again, after obtaining single pulse signal, be used further to subsequent analysis.
Further, the voltage pulse signal peak value that described photoelectric detector produces is directly proportional to the size of particle.The potential pulse number that described photoelectric detector produces is equal with the number of particle.
The size of particle is directly proportional to the light intensity of scattering, and then is directly proportional to the voltage pulse signal peak value produced.As long as calculate the peak value of voltage pulse signal, the size of particle just instead can be released.The peak value of pulse signal can be calculated with peak detection algorithm.
Further, the distance that the speed of particle is advanced for particle described in the unit time, the time that width and the particle of the voltage pulse signal that described photoelectric detector produces pass described sense channel is directly proportional.
Particle diameter is 2.5 μm of particles, corresponding certain voltage pulse signal peak value.Add up below this peak value, in the unit interval, the number sum of all voltage pulse signals, is the number of PM2.5.
Further, pass in and out the air mass flow of described detecting device, represent with M; Particle, through the speed of sense channel, represents with V; The cross-sectional area of sense channel, represents with S; M=V × S.The air mass flow passing in and out described sensor can also by measuring unit's time, and the volume of air flowing through sense channel obtains.
Further, the concentration of PM2.5, represents with C; By the number of the PM2.5 particle of described sense channel in unit interval, represent with N; C=N ÷ M.
The present invention also provides a kind of detecting device scaling method, comprising:
The first step: adopt standard particle generator, produces and only includes the air that particle diameter is the particle of 2.5 μm, pass into PM2.5 detecting device, the peak value of nominal voltage pulse signal.
Second step: adopt the PM2.5 detecting device that precision is higher, with the concentration of PM2.5 in this PM2.5 detecting device contrast test sample air, round-off error.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: solve existing PM2.5 detecting device metrical error by the innovation of Cleaning Principle comparatively large, and traditional high cost of dust particle laser counter, the problem of large volume.The present invention adopts dust particle laser counting principle, a kind of PM2.5 detecting device is provided, this detector volume is miniature, be of a size of 40mm × 40mm × 60mm, accuracy of detection reaches 80%, by special light path design, avoid using expensive optical element, cost is lower, is convenient to be widely used on hand-held PM2.5 checkout equipment, and the detection method of this detecting device is simple and convenient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of PM2.5 detecting device of the present invention.
In figure: 1, laser instrument; 2, photoelectric detector; 3, fan; 4, cavity; 41, inlet channel; 42, sense channel; 43, outlet passageway; 5, laser beam; 6, particle.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of PM2.5 detecting device to comprise:
Cavity, cavity is divided into inlet channel 41, sense channel 42 and outlet passageway 43; Inlet channel 41, sense channel 42 are communicated with successively with outlet passageway 43; The xsect of sense channel 42 is square hole;
Laser instrument 1, is positioned at described inlet channel 41, for sending the laser beam 5 through sense channel 42 and outlet passageway 43;
Photoelectric detector 2, is positioned at sense channel 42, for detecting scattered light, the light signal of scattered light is converted to electric signal, and described scattered light refers to that particle in described sense channel is under the irradiation of described laser beam, scattering occurs, the light of generation;
And fan 3, be positioned at the tail end of described outlet passageway 43, for generation of the air-flow of constant flow rate.
Inlet channel 41 is funnel-form, and this structure is convenient to air accumulation, with higher speed by sense channel 42.
Photoelectric detector 2 comprises pre-amplification circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and 4 photodiodes.4 photoelectricity two poles are distributed in the surrounding of sense channel 42, symmetrical.The current pulse signal that photodiode produces is converted into voltage pulse signal by the pre-amplification circuit of photoelectric detector 42, and voltage pulse signal is changed into digital quantity by analog to digital conversion circuit.
A detection method for above-mentioned PM2.5 detecting device, comprises the steps:
Step 1: laser instrument 1 sends the linear laser light beam 5 of the 650nm parallel with airflow direction, laser beam 5 through the middle of sense channel 42, and passes through the circular hole of outlet passageway 43, and directive is outside;
Step 2: air-flow is sent to sense channel 42 from inlet channel 41 by fan 3, particle 6 is entrained with in air-flow, be arranged in the particle 6 of sense channel 42 under the irradiation of laser beam 5, there is scattering, produce scattered light, photoelectric detector 2 detects scattered light, and the light signal of scattered light is converted to electric signal;
Step 3: the detection being realized PM2.5 by electric signal.
The voltage pulse signal peak value that photoelectric detector 2 produces is directly proportional to the size of particle; The potential pulse number that photoelectric detector 2 produces is equal with the number of particle.
The distance that the speed of particle is advanced for particle described in the unit time, the time that width and the particle of the voltage pulse signal that photoelectric detector 2 produces pass sense channel 42 is directly proportional.
Particle diameter is 2.5 μm of particles, corresponding certain voltage pulse signal peak value.Add up below this peak value, in the unit interval, the number sum of all voltage pulse signals, is the number of PM2.5.
Pass in and out the air mass flow of described detecting device, represent with M; Particle, through the speed of sense channel 42, represents with V; The cross-sectional area of sense channel 42, represents with S; M=V × S.
The concentration of PM2.5, represents with C; By the number of the PM2.5 particle of sense channel 42 in unit interval, represent with N; C=N ÷ M.
The present invention also provides a kind of detecting device scaling method, comprising:
The first step: adopt standard particle generator, produces and only includes the air that particle diameter is the particle of 2.5 μm, pass into PM2.5 detecting device, the peak value of nominal voltage pulse signal.
Second step: adopt the PM2.5 detecting device that precision is higher, with the concentration of PM2.5 in this PM2.5 detecting device contrast test sample air, round-off error.
After demarcation completes, the PM2.5 concentration adopting U.S. spy match TSI9310 laser particle counter to record, contrasts with described detecting device, obtains the error of described detecting device.The accuracy of detection of U.S. spy match TSI9310 laser particle counter is ± 5%, the error of PM2.5 detecting device provided by the invention relative U.S. spy match TSI9310 laser particle counter is no more than 15%, and the error of PM2.5 detecting device provided by the invention is no more than 20%.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms; anyone can draw other various forms of products under enlightenment of the present invention; no matter but any change is done in its shape or structure; every have identical with the application or akin technical scheme, all drops within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a PM2.5 detecting device, is characterized in that: comprising:
Cavity, described cavity is divided into inlet channel, sense channel and outlet passageway; Described inlet channel, described sense channel are communicated with successively with described outlet passageway;
Laser instrument, is positioned at described inlet channel, for sending the laser beam through described sense channel and described outlet passageway;
Photoelectric detector, is positioned at described sense channel, for detecting scattered light, the light signal of described scattered light is converted to electric signal, and described scattered light refers to that particle in described sense channel is under the irradiation of described laser beam, scattering occurs, the light of generation;
And fan, be positioned at the tail end of described outlet passageway, for generation of the air-flow of constant flow rate.
2. PM2.5 detecting device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described inlet channel is funnel-form, for build-up of air.
3. PM2.5 detecting device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the xsect of described sense channel is square hole.
4. PM2.5 detecting device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described photoelectric detector comprises pre-amplification circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and 4 photodiodes.
5. a detection method for the PM2.5 detecting device according to claim 1-4 any one, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1: described laser instrument sends the laser beam parallel with airflow direction, described laser beam through the middle of described sense channel, and passes through the circular hole of described outlet passageway, and directive is outside;
Step 2: air-flow is sent to described sense channel from described inlet channel by described fan, particle is entrained with in described air-flow, be arranged in the particle of described sense channel under the irradiation of laser beam, there is scattering, produce scattered light, photoelectric detector detects described scattered light, and the light signal of described scattered light is converted to electric signal;
Step 3: the detection being realized PM2.5 by described electric signal.
6. the detection method of PM2.5 detecting device according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the voltage pulse signal peak value that described photoelectric detector produces is directly proportional to the size of particle.
7. the detection method of PM2.5 detecting device according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the potential pulse number that described photoelectric detector produces is equal with the number of particle.
8. the detection method of PM2.5 detecting device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the distance that the speed of particle is advanced for particle described in the unit time, the time that width and the particle of the voltage pulse signal that described photoelectric detector produces pass described sense channel is directly proportional.
9. the detection method of PM2.5 detecting device according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the air mass flow passing in and out described detecting device, represents with M; Particle, through the speed of sense channel, represents with V; The cross-sectional area of sense channel, represents with S; M=V × S.
10. the detection method of PM2.5 detecting device according to claim 9, is characterized in that: the concentration of PM2.5, represents with C; By the number of the PM2.5 particle of described sense channel in unit interval, represent with N; C=N ÷ M.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105136637A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-09 | 北京代尔夫特电子科技有限公司 | Sensor for detecting particles in air and manufacturing method of sensor |
| CN105259085A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 武汉三众和光电科技有限公司 | Dust concentration measurement system of laser dust sensor and dust concentration measurement method |
| CN105259086A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-20 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Detection method and system of dust concentration |
| CN105571997A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-11 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Measurement and control method and device for particle concentration of indoor air |
| CN105572005A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Light-scattering-method-based PM2.5 monitor calibration method and device |
| CN106018194A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 深圳市青核桃科技有限公司 | Method using laser particle counting machine to calculate particle mass |
| CN109030297A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 佛山融芯智感科技有限公司 | A kind of high integration air particles detection components |
| CN109520899A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-26 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | A kind of air particle concentration detection method and device |
| CN109724905A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-07 | 常州海马科技有限公司 | Particle concentration detection device, method and air processor |
| CN109975184A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | A kind of PM2.5 detector based on big data internet processing system |
| CN110132810A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-08-16 | 新立科技股份有限公司 | A kind of PM2.5 concentration detection method and its detection device |
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| CN105259085A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 武汉三众和光电科技有限公司 | Dust concentration measurement system of laser dust sensor and dust concentration measurement method |
| CN105259086A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-20 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Detection method and system of dust concentration |
| CN105259086B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2018-03-27 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | The detection method and detecting system of dust concentration |
| CN105572005A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-05-11 | 浙江省计量科学研究院 | Light-scattering-method-based PM2.5 monitor calibration method and device |
| CN105571997A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-05-11 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Measurement and control method and device for particle concentration of indoor air |
| CN106018194A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 深圳市青核桃科技有限公司 | Method using laser particle counting machine to calculate particle mass |
| CN109724905A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-07 | 常州海马科技有限公司 | Particle concentration detection device, method and air processor |
| CN109724905B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2024-02-20 | 常州海马科技有限公司 | Particulate matter concentration detection equipment, particulate matter concentration detection method and air treatment device |
| CN109975184A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | A kind of PM2.5 detector based on big data internet processing system |
| CN109030297A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-18 | 佛山融芯智感科技有限公司 | A kind of high integration air particles detection components |
| CN109520899A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-26 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | A kind of air particle concentration detection method and device |
| CN110132810A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-08-16 | 新立科技股份有限公司 | A kind of PM2.5 concentration detection method and its detection device |
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