CN104697903A - Real liquid drop process portable contact angle and interface tension testing method and apparatus thereof - Google Patents
Real liquid drop process portable contact angle and interface tension testing method and apparatus thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104697903A CN104697903A CN201310645616.XA CN201310645616A CN104697903A CN 104697903 A CN104697903 A CN 104697903A CN 201310645616 A CN201310645616 A CN 201310645616A CN 104697903 A CN104697903 A CN 104697903A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a portable contact angle and interface tension testing apparatus adopting a real liquid drop process fitting Young-Laplace equation testing method. The apparatus comprises a sample introduction device, a sample introduction device control part, a backlight, a backlight prism light path, an optical imaging system and a frame. When the contact angle and the interface tension are tested, the real counter fitting curve of a liquid drop is used to test the solid-liquid contact angle in order to test the surface free energy of the solid, and can also be used to test the interface tension of the liquid. The method can realize online value test, field value test and special specification contact angle test of large samples, is very worth of being applied in the film industry, the solar energy industry, the PDP industry, the LCD industry, the petroleum petrochemical industry, the chip industry and the ceramic industry, and has very high popularization values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of portable contact angle and the table circle device for testing tensile force that adopt the method for testing of true sessile drop method matching Young-Laplace equation, especially, present invention also offers this device adopts true sessile drop method to test the method for testing of contact angle and interfacial tension.
Background technology
Liquid-liquid interface tension force, liquid-basic index such as gas meter surface tension and solid-liquid contact angle values is the basic parameter characterizing material physicochemical property, contact angle refer in solid level plane drip on a droplet drop, solid-liquid on solid surface-gas three-phase point of interface place, the angle that its gas-liquid interface and solid-liquid interface two tangent line are formed when liquid phase is clipped in wherein, is shown in accompanying drawing 1.Contact angle test is the main means analyzing solid-liquid interface physicochemical property, by testing the contact angle values obtained, through Equation of state algorithm, the surface tension value (dyne value) only using a kind of drop just can analyze very accurately to draw solid, and liquid-liquid interface tension force and the capillary test of liquid-gas are also topmost physical indexs in physicochemical analysis.
At present, contact angle and interfacial tension testing tool are all instruments of standard design usually, volume is large, need mains-supplied, be unfavorable for carrying or field work, also complex sample is beneficial to, the measured value of large scale sample, as " measuring analyzer for dynamic characteristics of liquid surface and interface based on high rate burst communication " patent No. in existing Patent data storehouse: 200610050811.8 and 200620103753.6, " a kind of automatic testing method of static contact angle " patent No. 201010288857.X, " contact angle and surface energy measurement mechanism " patent No.: 201010600278.4, " measuring contact angle device " patent No.: 200710142656.7, " a kind of On-line Measuring Method of self clean glass contact angle " patent No.: 200710008521.1 etc.
In August, 2011, do one to such portable unit in the patent " adopting the portable contact angle proving installation of true sessile drop method " (patent No.: ZL201120310388.7) of our company's application simply to describe, but all fairly simple in optical imaging system, ambient light illumination system and overall control structure in this device, exist a lot of not enough when being applied to product.For this reason, we have carried out further optimization to the device of this portable test contact angle and interfacial tension.
On the algorithm of contact angle and interfacial tension, the content that Chinese patent data has part to mention to content of the present invention has certain similar, but there is larger difference in the realization of concrete summary of the invention.As, " a kind of measuring method of liquid-drop contact angle on solid surface and device " patent No.: 200910136101.0.In specific implementation, this patent have employed not having discrete partial differential equation of second order to solve curve and adopting shooting method matching contact angle angle value of the rewriting of Young-Laplace equation, only propose the concept of the Young-Laplace equation model of a simple Liquid contact angle test, specific implementation process may not be high.A kind of measuring method of the liquid interfacial tension based on drop profile curve four measurement point is proposed in Chinese patent ZL201210566095.4 " measuring method based on the liquid interfacial tension of drop profile curve four measurement point ", the method is the picture under adopting the image capture device production picture sprawled on subtest platform upper surface of drop or drop to hang on the rotational symmetry additional bearing surface of horizontal positioned, carries out process extraction drop profile curve to picture; Drop profile curve is chosen four measurement points, measures the vertical distance between adjacent measurement points, each measurement point crosses the distance between the horizontal line of measurement point and the intersection point of drop profile curve, angle between the tangent line of the drop profile curve of each measurement point and horizontal line; The liquid volume relevant to four measurement points is calculated according to drop profile curve; The interfacial tension of liquid is gone out according to formulae discovery.Only that geometry conversion has been carried out to outline portion in algorithm, completely inconsistent with the innovative point of this patent.ZL201210594516.4 " a kind of computing method of static contact angle " proposes a kind of drop edge producing different volumes and contact angle based on the emulation of Young-Laplace equation; The contact angle of drop edge that computer sim-ulation produces, and then obtain the relation calculating gained contact angle, droplet size and actual contact angle; Take true Liquid particle image, the contact angle of computed image; According to calculating gained contact angle, droplet size and the relation at actual contact angle and the contact angle of real image, method of interpolation or similar approach is adopted to obtain contact angle accurately.This is a kind of simple application, and does not relate to concrete algorithm.
As a kind of method that optical method surface chemistry is analyzed, image analysis surface chemistry analytical technology has similar techniques in the world, usually occurs with the form of Young-Laplace equation model.But because algorithm and development of computer affect very large, these Young-Laplace matchings or adopt Bashforth-Adams look-up table or simple experience to solve (with Bashforth.F, Adams.J.C, Andreas, S. Hartland etc. are representative, , or adopt based on DS/DE or base point (30 °, 45 °, 60 ° of angle values) algorithm of Select plane quick interface tension test of coordinate ratio is (with Springer, F.K.Hansen etc. are representative), or adopt ALFI algorithm with the simple image analysis of empirical hypothesis (with Rotenberg, A.W.Neumann, O.I.del.RIO is representative), all there is open defect.
Summary of the invention
This patent is the object realizing portable, field measured value, can test large scale sample, global design theory be small-sized, by the normal operation of simple power supply mode implement device, thus, all do in various aspects such as sampling system, camera lens, bias light and cameras well-designed.
Specific embodiment of the invention scheme is as follows:
The portable contact angle of true sessile drop method and interfacial tension test device, comprising:
1, design the optical imagery structure of an applicable large scale sample surfaces test, specifically comprise: (1) vertically arranged video camera, its communication interface is USB2.0 or USB3.0 interface; (2) telecentric lens be connected with video camera is installed; (3) a polarized light eyeglass is connected a pitch circle (25mm) of passing through foremost of telecentric lens; (4) 90 degree of prisms are installed on a prism bracket, are then fixed in the agent structure of device.Thus, one can be formed drop imaging optical path is turned to vertical light path replicating structure from level;
2, design the background light source structure of an applicable large scale sample surfaces test, specifically comprise: after one group of LED is combined into background light source by (1), light path is installed in a connection bracket with vertical direction; (2) a quartz glass soft light sheet is installed in connection bracket with light path Vertical dimension equally; (3) 90 degree of prisms are installed on a prism bracket, are then fixed in the agent structure of device; (4) process a side channel in the agent structure side of device, insert an anti-dazzling screen, to reduce the light reflection of bias light when droplet contact angle measured value, optimize the sharpness of drop contour edge further.Thus, one can be formed background light path is turned to vertical light path replicating structure from level;
By as above 1,2 light path replicating structure, test can be completed and change to the light path of the picture that takes a crane shot from the side of standard shooting contact angle or interfacial tension required image, thus complete and device can be put into measured object surface and carry out measured value; m
3, design the feed liquor of a set of simplification, move liquid, form the Mechanical course structure of drop, physical construction comprises: microsyringe lower end is fixed on three three-way valves that can turn to by (1); (2) this three-way valve is fixed in the agent structure of device; (3) designing a push rod drive link is fixed on the push rod of microsyringe, with feed liquor or imbibition; (4) design a set of displacement structure comprising belt driving wheel, belt slave wheel, driving belt, tension pulley, screw mandrel, guide rail and feed liquor knob (or 5V DC speed-reducing), meanwhile, will push rod drive link described in (3) with connection; (5) design a set ofly comprise screw mandrel, move liquid knob (or corresponding 5V DC speed-reducing), guide rail displacement structure; a gear train is attached thereto simultaneously; this structure is installed a female Luer be also connected with syringe needle, thus form a syringe needle upwards and downward move liquid structure;
3, introduce a low-voltage bias light technology, this patent have employed a kind of LED-backlit plate of novel 3.3V power voltage supply.3.3V voltage is taken from the 5V of the USB communication interface of computer, by using after the mode step-down of serial resistance;
4, adopt a master control borad, control direct current generator and USB power.Master control borad is connected by USB2.0 with video camera, and is connected with computer by USB2.0, and by writing software simulating data communication, taking pictures or use videotape to record, control feed liquor and moving liquid motor etc.;
5, adopt a kind of camera system of low-voltage power supply, this patent has introduced the low-light (level) USB digital camera of being powered by USB;
The portable contact angle of true sessile drop method and interfacial tension method of testing, comprising:
A kind of true sessile drop method test of design is used for have modified gravity system contact angle and interfacial tension value, comprise: (1) proposes the Young-Laplace system of equations of discretize, (a sessile drop) dripped for the stopping during image analysing computer of side-looking method, bubble catches (Captive bubble) or hanging drop (pendant drop):
Wherein: θ is contact angle, s is arc length, R
0for the radius-of-curvature of vertex position, Δ ρ is that inside and outside phase density is poor, z height, and x is width, and V is volume, and A is area, and x0, z0 are apex coordinate;
(2) solution that solves Young-Laplace discrete equation group is designed, specific as follows: use the discrete equation group as above mentioned by (1) when using the theoretical curve of Software on Drawing drop profile, utilize Long Gekula (Runge-Kutta) or position, Europe (Euler) method or similar method theory of solving curve, and the mode utilizing software to draw, show each coordinate points (x on corresponding theoretical curve and curve
i, y
i);
(3) a kind of method of drawing the actual curve of contact angle and interfacial tension drop profile is designed, specifically comprise: utilize CANNY or SOBEL algorithm, imaging system is utilized to take the change obtaining gray scale in rotating liquid drop contour images, reasonable threshold value is set, find out the edge of drop profile, and the edge utilizing Spline algorithm to do to search is optimized calculating, obtain the marginal point coordinate figure (X of drop profile
i, Y
i) and ordered arrangement, and the mode utilizing software to draw, marks searching the contour edge actual curve that limit obtains;
(4) design is a kind of adopts Newton method (Newton-Raphson method) or similar least square method algorithm, at input density difference Δ ρ, gravity coefficient g, after constant value, by radius of curvature R 0, contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, the theoretical curve that arc length S draws as variable optimization Young-Laplace equation solution as above with search drop contour edge and the actual curve that obtains, and then obtain final vertex curvature radius R0, contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, the parameters such as arc length S, and and then utilize integration to quadrature and the method for volume, try to achieve area and the isoparametric method of volume of drop.Specifically comprise: (1) is by directly optimizing the Young-Laplace Equation Theory curve of drop profile and searching actual curve test fluid-gas or the liquid-liquid interface tension value of edge gained; (2) have employed true sessile drop method (RealDrop) or image outline method (DIPM).Thus, need not demarcate as the experience of the Young-Laplace matching on Select plane algorithm basis;
(5) two kinds of particular algorithms for as above optimizing process described in 3 are designed, for optimization interfacial tension value γ and contact angle values θ:
The first, image outline method (DIPM:Drop image profile method): it is characterized in that: utilize image processing algorithm, matched curve (as circle or ellipse, polynomial curve or Spline curve), calculates the algorithm of the radius-of-curvature value on summit.And then, by as above 5 optimized algorithms mentioned, optimize and draw the required test parameter such as contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, arc length S.
Or,
The second, truly sessile drop method (RealDrop method): utilize zero dimension transformation equation and original discrete equation to carry out the algorithm of two suboptimization to contour curve, it is characterized by: optimizing process for the first time, optimizes and draws interfacial tension value γ and vertex curvature radius R
0between linear relation; Second time utilizes primary relational expression, after reducing variable, utilizes the iteration of interfacial tension value γ, optimizes and draws the required test parameter such as contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, arc length S.
As above the dimensionless equation used of the optimization described in (2) group is as follows:
(formula: 8)
Wherein:
, X=x/R
0, Y=y/R
0, S=s/R
0
(6) solved the surface chemistry analytical approach of surface/interface tension value, contact angle values and liquid volume, area, drop radius-of-curvature and wetting line by drop image analysing computer, matching, optimization and software automatic Iterative variable element (drop image analysis), and utilize the measuring method solving area and the surface/interface tension analysis interfacial rheological characteristic matter obtained.
accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: contact angle schematic diagram;
Fig. 2: the portable contact angle described in this patent and interfacial tensimeter front elevation;
In Fig. 2: 1-apparatus subject; 2-video camera; 3-feed liquor knob (or corresponding direct current generator); 4-rotating shaft; 5-belt pulley (driving wheel); 6-master control borad; 7-belt tension pinch roller; 8-push rod drive link; 9-belt pulley (engaged wheel); 10-screw mandrel; 11-drive mechanism; 12-camera lens; 13-microsyringe; 14-polaroid; 15-guide rail (totally 3); 16-three-way valve; 17-prism bracket; 18-polytetrafluoro lower shoe; 19-prism; 20-female Luer; 21-syringe needle; 22-anti-dazzling screen; 23-gear train; 24-prism; 25-prism bracket; 26-quartz glass soft light sheet; 27-LED background light; 28-moves liquid knob (or corresponding direct current generator); 29-screw mandrel.
embodiment
For realize portable can the target of field work and test large scale sample, simultaneously for ensureing the precision of contact angle and interfacial tension measured value, reliability etc., this patent realizes in the following way:
1, the embodiment of true sessile drop method test contact angle and interfacial tension value:
(1), when implementing true sessile drop method, by software systems control both optical imaging system (CCD), the real-time imaging of drop is captured in computer;
(2) the drop outline line edge of software systems automatic analysis real-time imaging data (as forms such as AVI, MPG) or the picture information (as picture formats such as BMP, JPG) of automatic analysis continuous capturing;
(3) a kind of true sessile drop method test of design is used for have modified gravity system contact angle and interfacial tension value, comprising:
The first, propose the Young-Laplace system of equations of discretize, (a sessile drop) dripped for the stopping during image analysing computer of side-looking method, bubble catches (Captive bubble) or hanging drop (pendant drop):
Wherein: θ is contact angle, s is arc length, R
0for the radius-of-curvature of vertex position, Δ ρ is that inside and outside phase density is poor, and z height, x is width, and V is volume, and A is area, and x0, z0 are apex coordinate.
The second, the solution that solves Young-Laplace discrete equation group is designed, specific as follows: use the discrete equation group as above mentioned by (1) when using the theoretical curve of Software on Drawing drop profile, utilize Long Gekula (Runge-Kutta) or position, Europe (Euler) method or similar method theory of solving curve, and the mode utilizing software to draw, show each coordinate points (x on corresponding theoretical curve and curve
i, y
i).
Three, a kind of method of drawing the actual curve of contact angle and interfacial tension drop profile is designed, specifically comprise: utilize CANNY or SOBEL algorithm, imaging system is utilized to take the change obtaining gray scale in rotating liquid drop contour images, reasonable threshold value is set, find out the edge of drop profile, and the edge utilizing Spline algorithm to do to search is optimized calculating, obtain the marginal point coordinate figure (X of drop profile
i, Y
i) and ordered arrangement, and the mode utilizing software to draw, marks searching the contour edge actual curve that limit obtains.
4th, design is a kind of adopts Newton method (Newton-Raphson method) or similar least square method algorithm, at input density difference Δ ρ, gravity coefficient g, after constant value, by radius of curvature R 0, contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, the theoretical curve that arc length S draws as variable optimization Young-Laplace equation solution as above with search drop contour edge and the actual curve that obtains, and then obtain final vertex curvature radius R0, contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, the parameters such as arc length S, and and then utilize integration to quadrature and the method for volume, try to achieve area and the isoparametric method of volume of drop.Specifically comprise: (1) is by directly optimizing the Young-Laplace Equation Theory curve of drop profile and searching actual curve test fluid-gas or the liquid-liquid interface tension value of edge gained; (2) have employed true sessile drop method (RealDrop) or image outline method (DIPM).Thus, need not demarcate as the experience of the Young-Laplace matching on Select plane algorithm basis.
Five, two kinds of particular algorithms for as above optimizing process described in 3 are designed, for optimization interfacial tension value γ and contact angle values θ:
One, image outline method (DIPM:Drop image profile method): it is characterized in that: utilize image processing algorithm, matched curve (as circle or ellipse, polynomial curve or Spline curve), calculates the algorithm of the radius-of-curvature value on summit.And then, by as above 5 optimized algorithms mentioned, optimize and draw the required test parameter such as contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, arc length S.
Or,
Two, true sessile drop method (RealDrop method): utilize zero dimension transformation equation and original discrete equation to carry out the algorithm of two suboptimization to contour curve, it is characterized by: optimizing process for the first time, optimizes and draws interfacial tension value γ and vertex curvature radius R
0between linear relation; Second time utilizes primary relational expression, after reducing variable, utilizes the iteration of interfacial tension value γ, optimizes and draws the required test parameter such as contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, arc length S.
As above its optimization dimensionless equation used group described in two is as follows:
(formula: 8)
Wherein:
, X=x/R
0, Y=y/R
0, S=s/R
0
Six, solve surface/interface tension value, contact angle values and liquid volume, area, drop radius-of-curvature and wetting line by drop image analysing computer, matching, optimization and software automatic Iterative variable element (drop image analysis), and utilization solves the area and surface/interface tension analysis interfacial rheological characteristic matter that obtain.
2, the structure composition embodiment of portable contact angle and surface tension proving installation is as follows:
The portable contact angle of true sessile drop method and interfacial tension test device, comprising: apparatus subject, video camera, rotating shaft, driving pulley, master control borad, belt tension pinch roller, push rod drive link, driven pulley, screw mandrel, drive mechanism, microsyringe, polaroid, guide rail, three-way valve, prism bracket, polytetrafluoro lower shoe, prism, female Luer, syringe needle, anti-dazzling screen, gear train, quartz glass soft light sheet, LED background light.
Apparatus subject is provided with video camera and master control borad, video camera connects master control borad, apparatus subject opposite side is provided with three-way valve, the lower end connecting tee valve of microsyringe, the top of microsyringe is connected with push rod drive link, push rod drive link connecting drive structure, drive mechanism connection wire rod, screw mandrel connects belt driving wheel and belt slave wheel by driving belt, belt is provided with belt tension pinch roller, belt driving wheel and belt slave wheel are placed on screw mandrel, the screw mandrel that belt driving wheel connects is equipped with rotating shaft, feed liquor knob, move liquid and rotate knob, guide rail is connected with drive mechanism, microsyringe is connected to the syringe needle with female Luer by catheter.
The invention provides the optical imagery structure of an applicable large scale sample surfaces test, specifically comprise: a vertically arranged video camera, its communication interface is USB2.0 or USB3.0 interface; A telecentric lens be connected with video camera; Telecentric lens connect a polarized light eyeglass by a pitch circle foremost; 90 degree of prisms are installed on a prism bracket, are then fixed on the apparatus subject of device.Thus, one can be formed drop imaging optical path is turned to vertical light path replicating structure from level.
There is provided the background light source structure of an applicable large scale sample surfaces test, specifically comprise: after one group of LED is combined into background light source, light path is installed in a connection bracket with vertical direction; A quartz glass soft light sheet is installed in connection bracket with light path Vertical dimension equally; 90 degree of prisms are installed on a prism bracket, are then fixed on the apparatus subject of device; Apparatus subject side processes a side channel, inserts an anti-dazzling screen, to reduce the light reflection of bias light when droplet contact angle measured value, optimizes the sharpness of drop contour edge further.Thus, one can be formed background light path is turned to vertical light path replicating structure from level.
By above-mentioned two light path replicating structures, test can be completed and change to the light path of the picture that takes a crane shot from the side of standard shooting contact angle or interfacial tension required image, thus complete and device can be put into measured object surface and carry out measured value.
There is provided the feed liquor of a set of simplification, move liquid, form the Mechanical course structure of drop, physical construction comprises: microsyringe lower end is fixed on three three-way valves that can turn to; Three-way valve is fixed on the apparatus subject of device; Designing a push rod drive link is fixed on the push rod of microsyringe, with feed liquor or imbibition; Design a set of displacement structure comprising belt driving wheel, belt slave wheel, driving belt, tension pulley, screw mandrel, guide rail and feed liquor knob (or 5V DC speed-reducing), described push rod drive link is attached thereto meanwhile; Design a set ofly comprise screw mandrel, move liquid knob (or corresponding 5V DC speed-reducing), guide rail displacement structure, a gear train is attached thereto simultaneously, this structure is installed a female Luer be also connected with syringe needle, thus form a syringe needle upwards and downward move liquid structure.
Background light source have employed a kind of LED-backlit plate of 3.3V power voltage supply, and 3.3V voltage is taken from the 5V of the USB communication interface of computer, by using after the mode step-down of serial resistance.
Adopt a master control borad, control direct current generator and USB power, and master control borad is connected by USB2.0 with video camera, and is connected with computer by USB2.0, and by writing software simulating data communication, taking pictures or use videotape to record, control feed liquor and moving liquid motor etc.
Adopt a kind of camera system of low-voltage power supply, this patent has introduced the low-light (level) USB digital camera of being powered by USB.
3, true sessile drop method is adopted to test the implementation of contact angle:
(1) instrument is connected to computer by master control borad 6USB communication interface, opens true sessile drop method contact angle analysis software;
(2) imbitition: three-way valve 16 is forwarded to exhaust side, rotate feed liquor knob or by software control direct current generator 3 by microsyringe downwards emptying 13, after completing, three-way valve 16 forwards imbibition state to, and be put in fluid to be measured after corresponding flexible pipe is connected to three-way valve, rotate backward feed liquor knob or direct current generator, complete the action of imbitition;
(3) this testing tool is placed on tested solid-phase sample;
(4) liquid is moved:
Turn knobs or by software control direct current generator 3, oozes liquid and stays syringe needle.Turn moves liquid knob or by software control direct current generator 28, makes drop shift to solid sample, after touching solid sample, then reverse rotation knob or by software control direct current generator 28, realize on solid sample, drip a little water droplet;
(5) image data of drop taken by software control USB camera 12;
(6) software obtains contact angle values according to true sessile drop method analysis automatically.
4, the implementation of true sessile drop method test interface tension value is adopted:
(1) instrument is connected to computer by master control borad 6USB communication interface, opens true sessile drop method contact angle analysis software;
(2) imbitition: three-way valve 16 is forwarded to exhaust side, rotate feed liquor knob or by software control direct current generator 3 by microsyringe downwards emptying 13, after completing, three-way valve 16 forwards imbibition state to, and be put in fluid to be measured after corresponding flexible pipe is connected to three-way valve, rotate backward feed liquor knob or direct current generator, complete the action of imbitition;
(3) this testing tool test needle position is placed a square quartz container.If test fluid-light-liquid interfacial tension, then place low-density phase liquid in a reservoir;
(4) liquid is formed:
Turn moves liquid knob or by software control direct current generator 28, makes syringe needle enter the certain position of container; Turn knobs or by software control direct current generator 3, oozes liquid and stays syringe needle, forming a hanging drop (Pendant drop);
(5) image data of drop taken by software control USB camera 12;
(6) software obtains interfacial tension value according to true sessile drop method analysis automatically.
5, the implementation of the electric power system of portable contact angle:
In electric power system, consider field test, in this device, have employed the mode that USB powers, powered by the USB communication port of notebook computer.In the design of bias light, have employed low-voltage 3.3V LED-backlit plate, and realize step-down object by serial resistance, in the design of camera, have employed the low-light (level) USB digital camera of being powered by USB, thus ensure that image quality on the one hand, achieve the object of field, portable test on the other hand.
The implementation of light path of turning back and light path treatment technology:
(1) by the prism structure of two particular design, the light path 90 degree forming a bias light and imaging system is turned back, thus may be used for the contact angle values of testing large scale sample surfaces;
(2) for preventing measured object surface light line reflection, the design of lens technology have employed telecentric lens, thus use profile more clear.Meanwhile, have employed a polariscope 14, to avoid the impact of reflected light.Particularly when solar base plate is tested, adopt this cover system, more convenient during test;
(3) time for preventing low-angle contact angle measured value, profile coboundary light scattering, devises an anti-dazzling screen 22, the first half of background light is blocked, thus effectively promotes the sharpness of coboundary profile.
The method on measured object surface is polluted when 6, preventing from testing:
Apparatus design removable teflon base plate 18, is pulled down before testing, clean and dry with dust-free paper with Ultrasonic Cleaning.Then bring clean gloves to put in back auto levelizer to get on.
Adopt the contact angle instrument of patent of the present invention, because have employed true sessile drop method, and devise the special apparatus structure coordinated, during measured value, due to the realization of high-precision Design of Mechanical Structure, controlling functions, measured value process coordinates the contour shape analysis angle of drop completely and does not have hypotheses, greatly can improve the measured value precision of static contact angle.Meanwhile, in physical construction and circuit design, take into full account portable and field test demand, have employed compact, 90 degree of turn back imaging and designs such as bias light light path and low-voltage power supply, effectively ensure that the realization of purpose of design.Adopt the technology of the present invention, the test to large sample (as 400-is infinitely great), online measured value, field measured value (as oil exploitation), special requirement contact angle can be realized, highly in the application of the industries such as film, sun power, PDP, LCD, petroleum and petrochemical industry, chip, ceramic bathtub, there is very high promotional value.
Claims (3)
1. the portable contact angle of true sessile drop method and interfacial tension method of testing, it is characterized in that, 1) employ the Young-Laplace system of equations of discretize, (a sessile drop) dripped for the stopping during image analysing computer of side-looking method, bubble catches (Captive bubble) or hanging drop (pendant drop):
Wherein: θ is contact angle, s is arc length, R
0for the radius-of-curvature of vertex position, Δ ρ is that inside and outside phase density is poor, z height, and x is width, and V is volume, and A is area, and x0, z0 are apex coordinate;
2) solution that solves Young-Laplace discrete equation group is employed, its notable feature comprises: use the discrete equation group as above mentioned by (1) when using the theoretical curve of Software on Drawing drop profile, utilize Long Gekula (Runge-Kutta) or position, Europe (Euler) method or similar method theory of solving curve, and the mode utilizing software to draw, show each coordinate points (x on corresponding theoretical curve and curve
i, y
i);
3) a kind of method of drawing the actual curve of contact angle and interfacial tension drop profile is employed, its notable feature is: utilize CANNY or SOBEL algorithm, imaging system is utilized to take the change obtaining gray scale in rotating liquid drop contour images, reasonable threshold value is set, find out the edge of drop profile, and the edge utilizing Spline algorithm to do to search is optimized calculating, obtain the marginal point coordinate figure (X of drop profile
i, Y
i) and ordered arrangement, and the mode utilizing software to draw, marks searching the contour edge actual curve that limit obtains;
4) a kind of employing Newton method (Newton-Raphson method) or similar least square method algorithm is employed, at input density difference Δ ρ, gravity coefficient g, after constant value, by radius of curvature R 0, contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, the theoretical curve that arc length S draws as variable optimization Young-Laplace equation solution as above with search drop contour edge and the actual curve that obtains, and then obtain final vertex curvature radius R0, contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, the parameters such as arc length S, and and then utilize integration to quadrature and the method for volume, try to achieve area and the isoparametric method of volume of drop,
Its notable feature comprises: (1) is by directly optimizing the Young-Laplace Equation Theory curve of drop profile and searching actual curve test fluid-gas or the liquid-liquid interface tension value of edge gained; (2) have employed true sessile drop method (RealDrop) or image outline method (DIPM); Thus, need not demarcate as the experience of the Young-Laplace matching on Select plane algorithm basis;
5) one in the following two kinds method is employed, for the particular algorithm of as above optimizing process described in 3, for optimization interfacial tension value γ and contact angle values θ:
The first, image outline method (DIPM:Drop image profile method): it is characterized in that: utilize image processing algorithm, matched curve (as circle or ellipse, polynomial curve or Spline curve), calculates the algorithm of the radius-of-curvature value on summit;
And then, by as above 5 optimized algorithms mentioned, optimize and draw the required test parameter such as contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, arc length S;
Or,
The second, truly sessile drop method (RealDrop method): utilize zero dimension transformation equation and original discrete equation to carry out the algorithm of two suboptimization to contour curve, it is characterized by: optimizing process for the first time, optimizes and draws interfacial tension value γ and vertex curvature radius R
0between linear relation; Second time utilizes primary relational expression, after reducing variable, utilizes the iteration of interfacial tension value γ, optimizes and draws the required test parameter such as contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, arc length S;
As above the dimensionless equation used of the optimization described in (2) group is as follows:
(formula: 8)
Wherein:
, X=x/R
0, Y=y/R
0, S=s/R
0
6) employ the surface chemistry analytical approach being solved surface/interface tension value, contact angle values and liquid volume, area, drop radius-of-curvature and wetting line by drop image analysing computer, matching, optimization and software automatic Iterative variable element (drop image analysis), and utilize the measuring method solving area and the surface/interface tension analysis interfacial rheological characteristic matter obtained.
2. make use of the portable contact angle of the true sessile drop method of employing according to claim 1 and the proving installation of interfacial tension method of testing, it is characterized in that, comprise: the optical imagery structure of an applicable large scale sample surfaces test, its notable feature is that optical imagery light path and background light path all adopt 90 degree of prisms to carry out light path to turn back process;
The imaging arrangement of an applicable portable contact angle and interfacial tension test, comprising: a 1) vertically arranged video camera, its communication interface is USB2.0 or USB3.0 interface; 2) telecentric lens be connected with video camera is installed; 3) a polarized light eyeglass is connected a pitch circle (25mm) of passing through foremost of telecentric lens; 4) 90 degree of prisms are installed on a prism bracket, are then fixed in the agent structure of device, thus, one can be formed drop imaging optical path is turned to vertical light path replicating structure from level;
The bias light imaging arrangement of an applicable large scale sample surfaces test, specifically comprise: after 1) one group of LED being combined into background light source, light path is installed in a connection bracket with vertical direction; 2) a quartz glass soft light sheet is installed in connection bracket with light path Vertical dimension equally; 3) 90 degree of prisms are installed on a prism bracket, are then fixed in the agent structure of device; 4) side channel is processed in the agent structure side of device, insert an anti-dazzling screen, to reduce the light reflection of bias light when droplet contact angle measured value, the sharpness of further optimization drop contour edge, thus, one can be formed background light path is turned to vertical light path replicating structure from level;
One is applicable to eliminating the light special processing mode in optical imaging procedures, and its notable feature is: in bias light line structure, 1) devise an anti-dazzling screen method blocked from top to bottom by background light; 2) increase at camera lens the impact that polarized light piece reduces reflected light foremost; 3) camera lens have employed telecentric lens, specially in order to the profile of test droplets; 4) background light source have employed directional light;
A set of feed liquor, Mechanical course structure of moving liquid, forming drop being applicable to the simplification of portable contact angle and interfacial tension measured value, its notable feature comprises: 1) be fixed to microsyringe lower end on three three-way valves that can turn to; 2) this three-way valve is fixed in the agent structure of device; 3) designing a push rod drive link is fixed on the push rod of microsyringe, with feed liquor or imbibition; 4) design a set of displacement structure comprising belt driving wheel, belt slave wheel, driving belt, tension pulley, screw mandrel, guide rail and feed liquor knob (or 5V DC speed-reducing), meanwhile, will push rod drive link described in (3) with connection; 5) design a set ofly comprise screw mandrel, move liquid knob (or corresponding 5V DC speed-reducing), guide rail displacement structure; a gear train is attached thereto simultaneously; this structure is installed a female Luer be also connected with syringe needle, thus form a syringe needle upwards and downward move liquid structure;
Have employed a low-voltage bias light technology, its notable feature is: the LED-backlit plate that have employed a kind of novel 3.3V power voltage supply, and 3.3V voltage is taken from the 5V of the USB communication interface of computer, by using after the mode step-down of serial resistance;
The base plate of a removable teflon is devised in the bottom of portable test arrangement.
3. the portable contact angle of the true sessile drop method of employing according to claim 2 and the proving installation of interfacial tension method of testing, it is characterized in that, control feed liquor and move liquid physical construction in have employed 5V DC speed-reducing, thus achieve the object of portable test contact angle and surface tension value.
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| CN112380789A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for calculating profile curve and front (back) contact angle of liquid drop on inclined hydrophilic surface |
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