CN101750515B - Non-contact type measuring method for measuring liquid parameters - Google Patents
Non-contact type measuring method for measuring liquid parameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN101750515B CN101750515B CN2008102279822A CN200810227982A CN101750515B CN 101750515 B CN101750515 B CN 101750515B CN 2008102279822 A CN2008102279822 A CN 2008102279822A CN 200810227982 A CN200810227982 A CN 200810227982A CN 101750515 B CN101750515 B CN 101750515B
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Abstract
The invention provides a non-contact measuring method for measuring liquid parameters, which comprises the following steps: 1) horizontally placing one end of a transparent capillary tube into the liquid to be detected; 2) recording the image data of the laminar flow process of the detected liquid in the capillary; 3) vertically placing the capillary tube; 4) capturing an image of a liquid column having a stable height; 5) calibrating the corresponding relation between the number of pixels in the imaging equipment and the length of a shot object, and carrying out image processing on image data to obtain the radius a of the capillary tube, the change process of the displacement S (t) of the liquid interface along with the time t, the height H of a liquid column formed in the capillary tube and the curvature radius R of the liquid interface; 6) and (5) calculating the fluid mechanics parameter of the measured liquid according to the data obtained by image processing in the step 5). The method does not depend on large-scale equipment, is simple and easy to implement, has low cost and small sample consumption. The invention can easily realize the measurement of the capillary array and can also simultaneously measure various liquid parameters.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological chemistry and medical science detection range, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of measuring method of liquid parameter.
Background technology
Flowing liquid in the pipeline is carried out the measurement of flow velocity, flow and other parameters and feature, be not only problem common in the commercial production, also rise day by day in the application in fields such as biological chemistry, medical science detection.And the size of fluid to be measured also not only is confined under the macro-scale, and along with the fast development of whole world micro-/ nano technical field, the liquid parameter measurement that is flowing in the micro-tube is the focus that researchers pay close attention to equally.
For micro-tube, the measuring technique of liquid fluid parameter and method have a variety of, and the measurement state according between surveying instrument and fluid to be measured mainly can be divided into contact type measurement and non-contact measurement.Contact type measurement is meant that the sensing device of surveying instrument places liquid, directly measures the special parameter of liquid, by data collector measured parameter is imported computing machine and is calculated other correlation parameters again.When taking this kind metering system, because the yardstick of liquid own is small, therefore very high to the size and the degree of accuracy requirement of sensor, simultaneously, the flow state of liquid also can produce a very large impact measurement result.In addition,, therefore all can bring very big influence reliability and the serviceable life to sensor, for example have corrosive liquid and may make the senser element that is exposed in the liquid that corrosion or damage take place because liquid directly contacts with sensor.And in the biochemical medicine field, directly the senser element that contacts with liquid also may pollute sample, thereby influences measurement result.
Non-contact measurement is meant that sensing device does not directly contact with liquid in the surveying instrument, but utilize the emitter in the instrument that liquid is launched certain signal, receive the reflection liquid signal by receiving sensing device, by data collector reflected signal is imported computing machine again and handle, and then obtain the correlation parameter of a series of liquid.Method such as the definite flow of liquid variable element that uses ultrasonic Doppler technique to realize, its cardinal principle is utilizes the ultrasonic generator emission to have the ultrasonic signal of at least one first frequency f1 given in advance, re-using ultrasonic receiver receives by the ultrasonic signal behind the reflection liquid, and this signal has at least one second frequency f2 that reflects this corresponding region feature, this frequency has been offset a corresponding frequency displacement Δ f with respect to frequency f 1, and then the liquid velocity of this corresponding region can be calculated by Δ f.When taking this method, though avoided sensor to contact, not only comprised in the surveying instrument also needing signal generator and receiver by signal processing apparatus with the direct of fluid to be measured, it forms relative bulky complex, and, being the degree of accuracy of guaranteeing to measure, the design concept of surveying instrument and structure are very complicated, not only cost is higher, program is loaded down with trivial details, and is random relatively poor, also is difficult to realize microminiaturized and integrated with micro-tube simultaneously.
Capillary viscosimeter is the instrument of measurement fluid flow characteristics relatively commonly used in present actual engineering and the commercial production.The measuring method of this viscosity meter has multiple, the liquid that can measure certain volume flows through the time capillaceous under certain pressure reduction, in also can measuring unit's time under certain pressure reduction the volume of trickle, can also stipulate the pressure reduction at certain flow measurement kapillary two ends.Can be according to measuring gained parameter and equation μ=(π r
4Pt)/(8Lv) converse the viscosity coefficient of liquid, wherein μ is a viscosity coefficient, and r is a capillary radius, and L is a capillary pipe length, and P is the pressure differential at kapillary two ends, and v is the volume that flows through liquid, and t is a flushing time.Capillary viscosimeter need possess corresponding attachment device for the needed special time of said method, flow, volume and pressure reduction are provided, and has increased the volume and the complexity of this device.In addition, the measurement parameter of capillary viscosimeter is single, and viscosity is unique measurement target of this instrument.
In addition, for the measurement of fluid velocity, there is a kind of PIV technology (particle image velocimetry method) at present.The PIV technology is a kind of based on the contactless two-dimensional flow field measuring technique of flow field figure as correlation analysis.When utilizing PIV commercial measurement flow field, need in the flow field, to disseminate the trace particle that proportion is suitable and followability is good, reflect the motion of water particle by the motion of trace particle; And with natural light or laser institute's lining face is shone, form the illumination plane, use picture pick-up device such as CCD to obtain the image of trace particle.Gained imagery exploitation two dimension quick Fourier transformation is realized the calculating of relevance function, and utilizes the basic definition of speed, realizes the water particle velocity survey by measuring the displacement of water particle in known interval.The PIV technology need possess corresponding light source (as generating laser), CCD camera, the PC of image processing system etc. is installed for above-mentioned functions is provided, so the PIV measuring system often also has huge volume and complicated structure.In addition, the Flame Image Process principle of PIV technology is also very complicated.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, Image Acquisition and treatment technology are introduced the liquid parameter measurement cheaply, thereby provide a kind of and only need promptly can obtain the contactless liquid parameter measuring method of parameters such as flow rate of liquid, density, surface tension, viscosity in the micro-tube by portable domestic image documentation equipment and simple computing system.
The measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter provided by the invention comprises the steps:
1) the transparent capillary level is inserted in the fluid to be measured, made fluid to be measured that capillarity take place in transparent capillary and begin laminar flow;
2) image data of the laminar flow process of use portable type image equipment records fluid to be measured in kapillary;
3) transparent capillary described in the step 1) is vertically placed, kept its inlet end still to be immersed in the fluid to be measured, fluid to be measured forms the fluid column with level altitude because of the interaction of gravity and capillary force in the transparent capillary bottom.
4) use portable type image equipment to take fluid to be measured forms the level altitude fluid column in the kapillary bottom image.
5) to step 2) in the record image data carry out Flame Image Process, draw in radius a capillaceous and the laminar flow liquid surface displacement S (t) change procedure of t in time, the image document that writes down in the step 4) is carried out Flame Image Process, draw fluid to be measured forms fluid column in kapillary height H with and the radius of curvature R of liquid surface; Measure the gained data according to all, by Flame Image Process and parameter analysis software and then draw the hydrodynamic parameters of fluid to be measured.
In the technique scheme, described step 1) and 3) in, described fluid to be measured also needs to add suitable coloring agent according to the ambient lighting condition.
In the technique scheme, described step 1) and 3) in, described transparent capillary pipe range is certain and known.
In the technique scheme, described step 2) and 4) in, when the recording image data, described portable type image equipment camera lens axis direction keeps vertical with described kapillary axis direction.
In the technique scheme, described step 2) in, before the recording image data, adjust described portable type image equipment focal length or and transparent capillary between distance, make portable type image equipment to the maximum panoramic imagery of transparent capillary.
In the technique scheme, in the described step 4), when record liquid-column height image document, keep portable type image equipment focal length or with transparent capillary between distance and described step 2) consistent.
In the technique scheme, described step 2) and 4) in, the background of the image of gathering should not have moving object and single as far as possible.
In the technique scheme, in the described step 5), the dynamic image data adopts the method for difference to analyze.During to the still image analysis, can utilize click liquid level top and bottom to obtain liquid-column height shared pixel count in image and also store, 3 residing location of pixels and storage are write down in same click liquid surface curved surface two ends and bottom.
In the technique scheme, in the described step 5), the hydrodynamic parameters of fluid to be measured comprises the flow velocity of fluid to be measured, density, viscosity and surface tension.
In the technique scheme, in the described step 5), the density p of described fluid to be measured=(2 σ)/(RgH), g is an acceleration of gravity in the formula, σ is tested surface tension coefficient.
In the technique scheme, in the described step 5), the instantaneous velocity V (t) of described fluid to be measured=dS (t)/dt, surface tension F=σ/2R, viscosity, mu
On average=(a
2σ)/(4RV
On average), V in the formula
On averageBe the mean value of instantaneous velocity V (t), σ is the surface tension coefficient of fluid to be measured.
In the technique scheme, described step 1) and 3) in, described fluid to be measured and kapillary can be the arrays that a plurality of samples and kapillary are formed; Described step 2) in, described portable type image equipment writes down the image data of the laminar flow process in each kapillary in the described array simultaneously; In the described step 4), described portable type image equipment writes down the image document of the interior liquid-column height of each kapillary in the described array simultaneously.
In the technique scheme, described fluid to be measured can be the human body fluid sample, as blood, saliva, urine, tear etc., also can be any one biochemical samples.For improving the contrast of colors of image, these fluid samples can add coloring agent according to measuring needs.
In the technique scheme, described transparent capillary can be for making kapillary by glass or other transparent materials, and caliber can be between the 0.01mm-1.5mm scope, and pipe range can be between the 50mm-150mm scope.
In the technique scheme, described portable type image equipment can be mobile phone, digital camera or Digital Video etc. can take the continuous image data, but and the digital equipment of data immediate access, its resolution need be higher than 200,000 pixels.The image data of taking gained can be passed in the data processing equipment through the signal transmission form of data line, bluetooth or maturation such as infrared.
In the technique scheme, use the data processing equipment that Flame Image Process and parameter analysis software are installed to carry out Flame Image Process and calculating.Described Flame Image Process and parameter analysis software be integrated image processing capacity and liquid fluid parameter analytic function in the software of one, corresponding constant data in the distinguishable picture of publishing picture of image processing function wherein.
In the technique scheme, except directly flowing based on swabbing action drive fluid capillaceous, the also purpose that can be used for reaching drive fluid by the outfield that initiatively applies such as electric field, magnetic field, sound field, laser action and even localized heat.Like this, according to adding outfield strength and the response characteristic of fluid, can identify more the physical-chemical parameters.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has following technique effect:
Contactless liquid fluid measurement method of parameters provided by the invention, only need by the portable domestic image documentation equipment that is seen everywhere, can measure and analyze parameters such as flow rate of liquid, density, viscosity, this method does not rely on main equipment, simple, cost is low, and amount of samples is small.The present invention can realize the measurement of capillary array easily, also can measure various different liquids parameters simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Below, describe embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail, wherein:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the course of work synoptic diagram of a kind of contactless fluid flow parameter measuring method provided by the invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the system architecture synoptic diagram of contactless fluid flow parameter measuring method provided by the invention;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the portable system structural representation of contactless fluid flow parameter measuring method provided by the invention;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the synoptic diagram of contactless capillary array fluid flow parameter measuring method provided by the invention;
Accompanying drawing 5 is the process synoptic diagram that contactless fluid flow parameter measuring method provided by the invention is measured fluid density.Wherein Fig. 5 A is for measuring initial time; Fig. 5 B stops to rise constantly for the liquid flow interface.
Accompanying drawing 7 is the process flow diagram of Flame Image Process and parameter analysis software 4 in the contactless fluid flow parameter measuring method provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
Fig. 1 is the course of work synoptic diagram of the contactless fluid flow parameter measuring method of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the system architecture synoptic diagram of contactless fluid flow parameter measuring method among the embodiment, when portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 was regular handset, digital camera or Digital Video, Flame Image Process and parameter analysis software 4 were installed in the computing machine 5.
With reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2, the measuring method of liquid parameter is as follows:
One end level of transparent capillary 2 is inserted in the fluid to be measured 1, and at this moment, capillarity takes place and begins laminar flow in fluid to be measured in transparent capillary, opens this all processes that flows of portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 records simultaneously.Again the transparent capillary in the above-mentioned steps 2 is vertically placed, keep its inlet end still to be immersed in the fluid to be measured, fluid to be measured 1 forms fluid column because of the interaction of gravity and capillary force in the bottom of transparent capillary 2, after treating fluid column highly stable, use portable type image equipment 3 to take the image of the fluid column that fluids to be measured 1 form in transparent capillary 2 bottoms.After finishing above-mentioned all images and image acquisition, use Flame Image Process and 4 pairs of gained image datas of parameter analysis software to handle, draw the correlation parameter of liquid in image, pool Xiao Ye (Poiseuille) law that flows according to the kapillary laminate is realized every fluid parameters such as flow rate of liquid, density, viscosity are analyzed again.The image that the family expenses image documentation equipment is gathered can adopt as bluetooth, wireless data transmission mode such as infrared, sends to designated computer and handles (as shown in Figure 2).Also can directly carry out Flame Image Process and calculating in this locality.As shown in Figure 3, portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 can be a portable intelligent mobile phone 6, use portable intelligent mobile phone 6 to take fluids to be measured 1 continuous laminar flow image (video) in the transparent capillary 2 of horizontal positioned, and the image of fluid column after highly stable in the transparent capillary of vertically placing 2.Be installed on then the Flame Image Process taken in the formula smart mobile phone 6 and parameter analysis software 4 just directly analytical calculation draw the parameters of fluid to be measured 1.Because the image processing process required memory is bigger, therefore, when adopting this portable system, higher for the configuration requirement of portable intelligent mobile phone 6.
Referring to figs. 2 and 3, the specific operation process of carrying out the liquid parameter measurement is as follows:
1. according to the configuration of practical application selective system, when needs are exported the parameters of fluid to be measured 1 at once, can select the portable system configuration for use, promptly portable smart mobile phone 6 integrates portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 and Flame Image Process and parameter analysis software 4; When need not to export the parameters of fluid to be measured 1 at once, can reach portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 and select regular handset, digital camera or video camera for use, and Flame Image Process and parameter analysis software 4 be installed in the computing machine 5 earlier with the modular system configuration.
2. get an amount of fluid to be measured 1, and place transparent capillary 2 according to the parameter of required measurement.When needs are measured fluid density, vertically place transparent capillary 2.When needs were measured liquid viscosity, first horizontal positioned transparent capillary 2 was after finishing image data and taking, again with its vertical placement.The situation that following steps are measured liquid viscosity with needs is that example is described.
Horizontal positioned transparent capillary 2 and apply fluid to be measured 1 after, capillarity takes place and begins laminar flow in fluid to be measured 1 in transparent capillary 2, open portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 simultaneously, the image data of record fluid to be measured 1 flow process.
4. behind the completing steps 3, transparent capillary 2 is vertically placed, keep its inlet end still to be immersed in the fluid to be measured 1, at this moment, fluid to be measured 1 because of the interaction of gravity and capillary force the bottom of transparent capillary 2 form have the fluid column of level altitude after, use 3 pairs of transparent capillaries of portable domestic image documentation equipment 2 to carry out image acquisition.According to concrete measurement needs, determine whether implementation step 3).
5. the image data input picture that is write down is handled and parameter analysis software 4, just can be obtained the corresponding liquid parameter.
Fig. 4 is an alternative embodiment of the invention.For the parameter measurement of finishing multiple liquid rapidly and efficiently, can make various fluids to be measured 1 capillarity take place in the array of horizontal positioned transparent capillary 2 and begin laminar flow, use this all processes that flows of portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 records simultaneously and store image data because of capillary action.Again the array of above-mentioned transparent capillary 2 is vertically placed, keep its inlet end still to be immersed in the fluid to be measured, when various fluids to be measured 1 because of the interaction of gravity and capillary force the bottom of the array of transparent capillary 2 form have the fluid column of level altitude after, re-use portable type image equipment 3 and take various fluids to be measured 1 form the level altitude fluid column in the bottom of the array of transparent capillary 2 image.When using present embodiment, portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 camera lens axis directions need vertical with the capillary array plane, make portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 horizontal directions parallel with transparent capillary 2 axis directions simultaneously.When obtaining liquid at image data that in kapillary, flows and image document thereof at the formed level altitude fluid column in kapillary bottom, the focal length of portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 or need remain unchanged with the interplanar distance of capillary array.After finishing above-mentioned all images and image acquisition, use Flame Image Process and 4 pairs of gained image datas of parameter analysis software to handle, draw the correlation parameter of liquid in image, pool Xiao Ye (Poiseuille) law that flows according to the kapillary laminate is realized parameters such as flow rate of liquid, density, viscosity are analyzed again.
Present embodiment is an embodiment that only need measure fluid density.As shown in Figure 5, when the present invention is used to realize the measurement of fluid density, with transparent capillary 2 vertical insertions in the fluid to be measured 1, when the liquid surface of fluid to be measured 1 after transparent capillary 2 stops to rise, 3 pairs of transparent capillaries of portable domestic image documentation equipment 2 carry out image acquisition, and the image processing function in use Flame Image Process and the parameter analysis software 4 obtains the related data in the image data, as: the radius a of transparent capillary 2, the radius of curvature R of fluid to be measured 1 liquid surface in transparent capillary 2, and fluid to be measured 1 formed liquid-column height H in transparent capillary 2; Re-use the liquid parameter analytic function in Flame Image Process and the parameter analysis software 4, pool Xiao Ye (Poiseuille) law that flows according to the kapillary laminate calculates density of liquid ρ=(2 σ)/(RgH), wherein σ is the surface tension coefficient of liquid, and g is an acceleration of gravity.
Present embodiment is the embodiment that measures flow rate of liquid and viscosity.As shown in Figure 6, when needs are measured the measurement of flow rate of liquid and viscosity, need, and open the image data that portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 recording liquids flow in kapillary earlier with these transparent capillary 2 horizontal positioned.After treating that fluid to be measured 1 is full of transparent capillary 2, stop image collection.Then transparent capillary 2 is vertically placed, keep its inlet end still to be immersed in the fluid to be measured, when fluid to be measured 1 because of the interaction of gravity and capillary force the bottom of transparent capillary 2 form have the fluid column of level altitude after, use 3 pairs of transparent capillaries of portable domestic image documentation equipment 2 to carry out image acquisition.After finishing above-mentioned all images and image acquisition, image processing function in use Flame Image Process and the parameter analysis software 4 at first obtains the corresponding constant data in the image document, as: the radius of curvature R of the radius a of transparent capillary 2, fluid to be measured 1 liquid surface in transparent capillary 2; Be time step cut-away view picture from image data with Δ t again, utilize the method for closing on two width of cloth image subtractions to obtain the time dependent displacement process of liquid surface S (t) in the laminar flow; Use the liquid parameter analytic function in Flame Image Process and the parameter analysis software 4 at last, calculate instantaneous velocity (V (t)=dS (t)/dt), the mean flow rate of liquid according to mobile pool Xiao Ye (Poiseuille) law of kapillary laminate
Surface tension F=σ/2R and viscosity, mu
On average=(a
2σ)/(4RV
On average), wherein σ is the surface tension coefficient of liquid, can search the correlation parameter table according to the kind of measuring liquid and temperature and learn that these parameter lists can be stored in the data processing equipment that described Flame Image Process and parameter analysis software are installed in advance.
Fig. 7 is for realizing the software flow synoptic diagram of Flame Image Process and parameter analytic function.When the image data of fluid to be measured 1 flow process in the transparent capillary 2 that processing horizontal is placed, the background of the video of gathering should not have moving object and single as far as possible, adopt the method for difference, video is divided into several time periods, the image that will end up the time period and this time period, initial image compared, just can draw the pixel count that liquid moves in this time period, at last that the displacement situation of all time periods is average, can obtain accurate relatively result.When fluid to be measured 1 forms the image document of fixing fluid column in handling the vertical transparent capillary of placing 2, can utilize click liquid level top and bottom to obtain liquid-column height shared pixel count in image also stores, 3 residing location of pixels and storage are write down in same click liquid surface curved surface two ends and bottom.Because computing velocity is less demanding to video resolution, keep under the bigger prerequisite of kapillary proportion in video pictures (figure image width 15cm for example, about capillary pipe length 10cm), per second 15 frame left and right sides images can satisfy accuracy requirement, can adopt lower video sampling rate (for example 15fps) and less picture altitude and width (for example 160 pixels * 120 pixels) during images acquired.Because capillary pipe length is fixed, the sum of all pixels that liquid moves in the Video processing promptly is similar to capillary pipe length, so can be similar to demarcation (rice/pixel) to camera.Comprehensive above gained result can calculate and obtain vertical hair tubule liquid level, radius-of-curvature and horizontal capillary liquid flowing velocity.
Concrete processing procedure comprises the steps: as shown in Figure 7
1, reads vertical hair tubule image;
2, obtain the shared number of pixels of liquid-column height;
3, obtain the location parameter of liquid surface curve; Described location parameter is generally got 3 the residing location of pixels in liquid surface curved surface two ends and bottom;
4, read level kapillary video;
5, calculate the number of pictures per second of video;
6, grasp film frame A and the frame B after the Δ t time;
7, transfer A, B to gray level image, conversion back A, B are the two dimensional gray matrix, are convenient to calculate;
8, with two width of cloth image subtractions, draw C, the situation of change that two width of cloth figure are taken place before and after can observing by C; Gray-scale map is a numerical matrix, every gray-scale value in the numerical value correspondence image in the matrix;
9, binaryzation C promptly sets a threshold value, and the point that gray scale surpasses this threshold value is 1, otherwise is 0;
10, calculating the capable pixel count in the zone that changes, promptly is 1 pixel number in the horizontal direction after the image C binaryzation, and this pixel count is exactly the pixel count that flow of liquid is crossed;
11, judge whether to handle all frames, if the judgment is Yes, enter step 12; Otherwise enter step 110;
110, will increase Δ t the time, get back to step 6;
12, camera is demarcated, set number of pixels with and length in kind between concern that one to one the unit of calibration coefficient is a rice/pixel in the present embodiment;
13, the liquid flow velocity of each time period of calculated level kapillary; This speed equals the product of calibration coefficient, pixel count and number of pictures per second;
14, calculate vertical hair tubule liquid level, radius-of-curvature and level average velocity capillaceous.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, fluid to be measured 1 can be the human body fluid sample, as blood, saliva, urine, tear etc., also can be any one biochemical samples.For improving the contrast of colors of image, these fluid samples can add coloring agent according to measuring needs.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, transparent capillary 2 can be for making kapillary by glass or other transparent materials, and caliber can be between the 0.1mm-1.5mm scope, and pipe range can be between the 50mm-150mm scope.
The image documentation equipment of portable domestic described in the present invention 3 can be smart mobile phone, digital camera or Digital Video etc. can take the continuous image data, but and the digital equipment of data immediate access, its digital resolution need be higher than 200,000 pixels.When image documentation equipment 3 was regular handset, digital camera or Digital Video, the processing of image data can be finished in computing machine 5; When image documentation equipment 3 was smart mobile phone 6, the collection of image data and processing can be finished in smart mobile phone 6 simultaneously.
The present invention has lot of advantages.At first, the present invention can realize the measurement of the multiple parameter of liquid on identical device, as surface tension, flow velocity, viscosity and the density etc. of liquid in kapillary.Utilize the present invention not only can finish the non-cpntact measurement of above-mentioned multiple parameter, can also provide different system configuration according to different demands simultaneously, it can be played a role under more occasions; Secondly, the present invention is simple in structure, has adopted the most common image documentation equipment, is easy to realize, and is safe and reliable, with low cost, can select the measurement material of different size according to the volume of sample; The 3rd, the method can also realize the array measurement easily, thereby increases substantially the speed and the efficient of measurement.
Among the present invention, when using portable domestic image documentation equipment 3, need take to prevent the shake measure, with the influence of avoiding the image shake that image processing process is brought; Simultaneously, the relative distance between portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 and photographic subjects need guarantee that portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 can carry out maximum panoramic imagery to photographic subjects.Therefore portable domestic image documentation equipment 3 can be fixed on the tripod, to address the above problem.
The contactless liquid fluid measurement method of parameters that the foregoing description provides is to obtain liquid at transparent fluid device (image data that flows in as kapillary) by means of the portable domestic image documentation equipment that is seen everywhere, the Hydrodynamics Theory that flows by Flame Image Process and kapillary laminate is measured and is analyzed parameters such as flow rate of liquid, density, viscosity as pool Xiao Ye (Poiseuille) law.Adopt the measuring method described in the present invention, not only enough can finish the measurement of the every flow parameter of liquid quickly and easily, also overcome the intrinsic drawback in the method that traditional measurement depends on main equipment, improved accuracy and the reliability measured.Meanwhile, method proposed by the invention also has advantages such as simple, that cost is low, and amount of samples is small, measures when more can realize in the capillary array various different liquids parameter easily.In addition, the present invention can the expanded application occasion, as by the function Characteristics of test and appraisal liquid to multiple two dimension, three-dimensional material, determines the respective attributes of material.
It should be noted last that above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described.Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, technical scheme of the present invention is made amendment or is equal to replacement, do not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. the measuring method of a non-contact measurement liquid parameter comprises the steps:
1) an end level of transparent capillary is inserted in the fluid to be measured, made fluid to be measured that capillarity take place in transparent capillary and begin laminar flow;
2) image data of the laminar flow process of use portable type image equipment records fluid to be measured in kapillary;
3) transparent capillary described in the step 1) is vertically placed, kept described inlet end capillaceous still to be immersed in the fluid to be measured;
4) treat in the described kapillary that liquid-column height is stable after, use portable type image equipment to take the image of fluid column with Metacentre Height;
5) corresponding relation of the number of pixels and the object length of taking the photograph in the described portable type image equipment of demarcation, to step 2) in the record image data carry out Flame Image Process, draw in radius a capillaceous and the laminar flow liquid surface displacement S (t) change procedure of t in time, the image document that writes down in the step 4) is carried out Flame Image Process, draw fluid to be measured forms fluid column in kapillary height H with and the radius of curvature R of liquid surface;
6) according in the described step 5) through the data that Flame Image Process drew, calculate the hydrodynamic parameters of fluid to be measured, described hydrodynamic parameters comprise in the flow velocity, density, viscosity, surface tension of fluid to be measured any one or a plurality of.
2. the measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 1), described fluid to be measured also needs to add suitable coloring agent according to the ambient lighting condition.
3. the measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 2) with 4) in, when document image and image data, described portable type image equipment camera lens axis direction keeps vertical with described kapillary axis direction.
4. the measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 2) in, before the recording image data, adjust described portable type image equipment focal length or and transparent capillary between distance, make portable type image equipment to the maximum panoramic imagery of transparent capillary.
5. the measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step 4), when record liquid-column height image document, keep the focal length of portable type image equipment consistent or with described transparent capillary between distance and described step 2) consistent.
6. the measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 5), adopts method of difference to handle the dynamic image data, obtains described displacement S (t) change procedure of t in time; When handling still image, utilizing click liquid level top and bottom to obtain liquid-column height shared pixel count in image also stores, thereby obtain the height H of described fluid column, utilize click liquid surface curved surface two ends and bottom, write down 3 residing location of pixels and storage, and then obtain described radius of curvature R by calculating.
7. the measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 6), and the density p of described fluid to be measured=(2 σ)/(RgH), g is an acceleration of gravity in the formula, σ is the surface tension coefficient of fluid to be measured.
8. the measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step 6), and the instantaneous velocity V (t) of described fluid to be measured=dS (t)/dt, surface tension F=σ/2R, viscosity, mu
On average=(a
2σ)/(4RV
On average), V in the formula
On averageBe the mean value of instantaneous velocity V (t), σ is the surface tension coefficient of fluid to be measured.
9. the measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step 1) and 3) in, described fluid to be measured and kapillary are the arrays that a plurality of samples and kapillary are formed; Described step 2) in, described portable type image equipment writes down the image data of the laminar flow process in each kapillary in the described array simultaneously; In the described step 4), described portable type image equipment writes down the image document of the interior liquid-column height of each kapillary in the described array simultaneously.
10. the measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described fluid to be measured is human body humoral sample or other any one biochemical samples.
11. the measuring method of non-contact measurement liquid parameter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described kapillary caliber is 0.01mm-1.5mm, and pipe range is 50mm-150mm; Described portable type image equipment is mobile phone, digital camera or Digital Video, or other can take the digital image device of continuous image data; The still image resolution of described portable type image equipment is higher than 200,000 pixels.
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| WO2015089004A1 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2015-06-18 | Texas Tech University System | Smart phone based multiplexed viscometer for high throughput analysis of fluids |
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